JPH05507133A - structural beam - Google Patents

Abstract

The structural beam for building constructions comprises a pair of web members (122) each having a cross section having a center section (124), said center section (124) having a height of approximately thirty-three percent (33 %) of the total height of said elongate structural member cross section, a pair of leg members (126) each angled in the same direction at an acute angle from the center section (124) and a pair of flange mounts (128) each angled from the leg members (126) so as to be parallel to each other; said web members (122) being joined only to each other along their length in facing abutment so that said joined web members (122) form an approximate "X" shape with one of the flange mounts (128) of each of the web members (122) being coplanar with a corresponding flange mount (128) of the other web member (122); a top plate member (30) spanning the respective coplanar flange mounts (128) of the web members (122) and joined thereto along the length of the structural beam; and, a bottom plate member (130) spanning the other respective coplanar flange mounts (128) of the web members (122) and joined thereto along the length of the structural beam. <IMAGE>

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] structural beam field of invention The present invention relates to structural materials used in construction, particularly to prefabricated structural beams.

Background of the invention A variety of structural beams are used in non-residential construction. For example, prefabricated wooden beams , wooden beams laminated in layers, or reinforced concrete beams.

Currently, beams with cross sections such as “I” type, °H” type, “C” type, “Z” type, groove type, etc. is the most common. Beams with these cross sections are generally hot or cold rolled. as a beam capable of supporting the required load. Although it is relatively heavy, it is widely used.

On the other hand, building materials assembled from steel plates are often used in construction. For example, group Vertical steel studs are now commonly used, especially in non-residential construction. General Typically, this type of building material is made by cold rolling galvanized steel sheets into a "C" shape or groove shape. It is made by processing the cross section of. Furthermore, corrugated or vertically grooved steel plates can also be used as floor and roof materials. It is widely used as

Some of the already known prefabricated building materials include: Figure 1 shows a steel plate The model of the building material assembled from the above is illustrated. Beam 1 has an abdomen 2 and a head opposite to each other at both ends. Consisting of Section 3.4. As is clear from the figure, beam 1 is rolled from a single steel plate. Alternatively, it can be easily made by bending it in the vertical direction. Special mention here What should be noted is that the tip 5.6 of the steel plate is folded back toward the abdomen 2, but This means that it is not fixed. A beam like 粱1 has a very limited volume. It only has loading capacity.

One of the objects of the present invention is that when made by conventional hot or cold rolling, it has the same volume as a beam. To provide a prefabricated beam that is relatively lightweight while having a loading capacity.

Summary of the invention This prefabricated beam according to the present invention consists of at least one abdomen and one head. , has one longitudinally folded member. In various embodiments, multiple vertical fold structures may be used. The loading capacity can be adjusted by stacking the structures alternately. In all cases, insert The head is shaped like a tube with no side openings, increasing its strength. Ru. This is achieved by fixing the folded material to its abdomen. Furthermore, The invention also includes embodiments in which the head of the beam is composed of several longitudinal members. Ru.

Brief description of the drawing FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a known prefabricated beam.

FIG. 2 is an overall view of a desirable structure of the assembly type rice bowl of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the beam in FIG. 2.

Figure 4a1b is a diagram of the members used to construct the beam of Figure 2.3.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 shows a modified example of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention.

Figures 12a-1 and 2e are modified examples of the structure having a prefabricated head according to the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention The following description is not intended to limit the scope of application of the present invention, but is intended solely for the reader's understanding. Specific numbers, dimensions, and materials are shown to aid in understanding.

However, for those experienced in this field, the present invention is limited to the following: It is clear that implementations can be made beyond the detailed structure specified.

First, preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

The beam 10 consists of a pair of triangular heads 12, 14 joined to a belly 16. It will be done. Therefore, in terms of the overall structure, the cage 10 resembles a conventional "l"-shaped beam.

However, unlike conventional beams, the beam 10 is assembled from relatively thin plates. ing. In most applications, beam 10 is manufactured from cold rolled sheet steel. Note here Please note that this invention is limited to this specific selection of materials. It is not a thing. For example, in some applications, aluminum and , it would be desirable to use plastic.

The structure of beam 10 is best understood with reference to Figures 48 and 4b. Figure 4a and 4b illustrates members 20 and 30 that are combined to constitute the beam 10. Department The material 20 is folded lengthwise to form an abdomen 22, a triangular head 14, an abdominal flange 24, and a tail. flange 26. In the embodiment illustrated here, member 30 and member 20 are are the same. However, member 30 and member 20 are not necessarily the same. There is no need to The member 20 and the member 30 are such that the abdomen 22 of the member 20 is the abdomen of the member 30. 32 and the abdominal flange 34. Similarly, member 30 The abdomen 32 of the member 20 abuts between the abdomen 22 and the abdominal flange 24 . Member 20 The tail flange 26 of contacts the inner wall 13 in the triangular head 12 . Similarly, The tail flange 36 of the member 30 abuts the inner wall 15 in the triangular head 14.

The cross section of the head 12.4 is preferably substantially isosceles triangular. However However, the present invention is not limited in this respect.

The parts 20.30 are joined together by means of joining means 18. The joining means 18 is Conventional mechanical joining means may be used, such as rivets or screws. Also, conventional Other joining means such as spot welding or adhesives may also be used. Here, the desired A preferred example is Pressotechic.

A joining method called TOX (registered trademark) sold by GMBH and its accredited organization Use. In this method, two or more sheets of material are cold-opened using a press die and a die die. Join by mold process. The TOX process is less time consuming and consumes less bonded parts. The practice of the present invention is advantageous in that it does not damage the anti-corrosion coating and does not destroy the anti-corrosion coating. It is particularly effective for

The belly 16 of the beam 10 is made of two sheets of material. Responses that require a thicker abdomen In this example, either or both of the abdominal flanges 24 and 34 are extended, so that the abdomen 16 is It may be made of three or four sheets of material.

Beams such as beam 10 according to the invention can be conveniently produced by a continuous process. I can do it. In this continuous process, coiled steel plates are placed in The material is introduced through the rollers that are folded in the Cows are combined. Next, the combined beam passes through a combination of press and die molds. , are joined at appropriate intervals. According to this method, the length of the finished beam is determined by Beams of any length can be easily produced in practice. is possible. Additionally, adjust the roller placement to change the lateral dimensions of the beam. This is relatively easy. This production process requires a live load for each production loft. To be able to accept steel plates of different thicknesses to produce beams of different types. can do. In relatively large construction projects, appropriate machinery is on-site. It is possible to produce beams in the same way as drainage ditches are produced on-site when constructing a house. I can do it.

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

Here, the beam 40 is composed of members 42 and 44. These parts are shown in Figure 5. They are joined together at points 45, 46, and 47. Here, as shown in Figure 6, the third Preferably, a member 50 is inserted between members 32 and 44. The member 50 has a tail. Attached are section flanges 52 and 54, which are attached to each of the triangular heads of members 42,44. be in contact with The parts 42, 44, 50 are joined by the joining means 18 previously described. this The structure of the rice cake 40 made by this process is shown in Fig. 3, except that the abdomen contains three pieces of material. It is very similar to the structure of 粱10 shown. A particular advantage of this embodiment is that the member 50 By making the members 42 and 44 thicker, it is necessary to make the plate thickness of the head of the beam 40 thicker. The advantage is that the strength of the beam can be increased without any additional effort.

It should be noted here that the member 50 may be a conventional "I°" cross-section beam or other material. This means that conventional parts that provide qualitative reinforcement may also be used. Also, member 5 0 does not need to be inserted over the entire length of the wire 40, especially in the vertical direction that requires reinforcement. It may be inserted only in that part.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. The beam 60 has abdomens 62 and 64 parallel to each other, It is composed of a group of vertically folded members such as the tail flange 68 and 70 that are opposed to the head 60. It will be done. In this example, the abdomen 62.64 is located at point 72.74 as shown in FIG. Fix it. Now, as shown in FIG. 8, a second vertical member 76 can be added. is desirable. Member 76 has a tail flange 78 attached thereto; In contact with the head 66. As in the embodiments described so far, the abdomen 62, 64 and the member 76 are in contact. They are joined by joining means 18. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the member 76 is It may be a plate of the same thickness as or a thicker plate.

FIG. 9 shows a modified example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.3. In this embodiment, member 20' , 30' is essentially member 20.3 except that it has corrugated ridges 80.82. It is the same as 0. These wavy ridges increase the bending strength of the katana 10'. enhance

A further modification of the embodiment of FIG. 2.3 in a similar manner is shown in FIG. Beam 10 ' is embossed with a rib or ridge pattern 86 on the side walls of the heads 12' and 14'. It is something that Other ridge patterns and other methods of reinforcement are also available here. There are obvious applications to the example.

FIG. 11 shows yet another embodiment of the invention. The beam 100 is similar to the embodiment described above. They are basically manufactured using the same manufacturing method.

However, this design has advantages as discussed below.

The beam 100 has a belly 102 with a tail flange 104 at each end and a pair of identical heads 1 06. The two heads 106 each have a side surface 107.108.1. 09 is folded to form a substantially isosceles triangle. Side face 109 is abdominal flange 1 10 and the side surface 107 likewise terminates in a ventral flange 111. abdomen The flanges 104 at both ends of the head 102 are connected to the side surfaces 108 of the head 106 by a connecting means 18. will be combined. Similarly, the caudal flange 104 of the abdomen 102 is connected by the joining means 18. is joined to the side surface 108 of the head 106.

As discussed in the previous embodiment, here the joining means 18 can also be any other suitable joining means. good. However, in this embodiment, the TOX joining means uses a triangular die shape. difficult to place inside the head. A more suitable joining means in this example are rivets or spot welds.

In the beam 100, shear forces and live loads are applied to the sides 107 and 109 of the head 106 and the belly 1 Supported by 02. Securing the ventral flange 104 to the sides 108 of the head. As a result, a bending strength greater than that of the previously mentioned beams can be obtained. Furthermore, in this example Having the abdomen 102 increases the buckling stress of the head. Thickness of the plate material of the abdomen 102 can be changed depending on the required strength. What is noteworthy here is that this board This means that the thickness of the material may be different from the thickness of the head 106. This is it Therefore, when applying the beam 100, it is possible to design a beam with optimal characteristics on a case-by-case basis. becomes possible.

A further modification of the invention is illustrated in Figures 12a-12e. First, in Figure 12a, However, the basic characteristics of this design are as shown in Figure 1.2b-12e. This also applies to the design of Beam 120 includes a pair of identical abdomens 122 . abdomen 1 22 each have a central portion 124, an outwardly bent intermediate portion 126 and a flange portion. Consists of 128. The abdomens 122 are joined to each other at respective center points 124. 18.

The rice cake 120 also includes a head 130. This head 130 is connected by the joining means 18. It is fixed to a corresponding flange in the abdomen.粱120 has a triangular head with 1 Rather than from a single plate, the individual members, i.e., the midsection 126 of the abdomen 122 and the head 130, It is different from the beams mentioned so far in that it is composed of . These intermediate portions 126 and 130 is a tubular structure generally having a triangular cross section in the embodiments described so far. Configure.

The girdle 140 shown in Figure 12b is essentially the same as the beam 120, but has been extended. It has a head 142. The rice cake 150 shown in FIG. 12c is also essentially the same as the rice cake 120. 1, but has a groove-shaped head 152. Beam 170 shown in Figure 1.2e has a head 172 that includes a longitudinal depression 173 to enhance synthesis. here The head 174 shown is simple and identical to the head 130 of the beam 120. head 1 It will be clear that 74 may be identical to head 172. actually By combining any head combination with the basic structure of the abdomen 122, it becomes a special event. It can be applied in many ways.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 128-126 have a flange portion 128. , place horizontally arranged parts such as floors and ceilings on top of the flange, or on the flange. Particularly suitable for fixing underneath. Furthermore, beams 150 and 160 are vertically aligned. For example, structural members such as partitions, wall boards, and walls with windows can be directly attached to beams. Suitable for applications where it is fixed directly. As in all previous examples, these beams Individual members can be of any thickness and theoretically satisfy any structural properties It is something. The beams shown in Figures 12a-12e are constructed in part because they require the plates to be bent at acute angles. It has the advantage that it can be produced economically since it does not require any process.

The inventions described so far have been described without prejudice to the spirit of this application or its disclosed nature. It is clear to everyone that it can be realized in other forms. Architectural structure etc. A person with design skills should be able to easily come up with many variations.

For example, production from cold rolled steel is most effective for the embodiments described above. However, depending on the application, hot rolled material may also be used. In particular, the fruit shown in Figure 6 In the embodiment, a cold-rolled member and a hot-rolled member may be combined.

Furthermore, since this beam has an unenclosed (oven-like) structure, By combining several beams, a single beam can be made larger without the need for thicker plates. It can have a high load carrying capacity.

To demonstrate the advantages of the present invention, a prototype of the embodiment of Figure 2.3 and some conventional beams are shown. Calculate the capacity and compare in the table below. In each table, the dimensions of the beam according to the invention has a height of 20Qmm and a width of 60mm. Regarding the thickness of the plate material, 1゜0mm, 1 ．． The results are shown at 5 mm. All data are for hot rolled 43e class (AS) (approximately equivalent to TMA 36) copper with a standard cross section.

In the following table, columns (a), (b), and (C) show the values per 1 m for various cross sections. Indicates weight, cross-sectional area, and moment of inertia. Column (d) has a maximum distortion of 3 m. The load WD is based on the design standard that the beam is 1/360 or less of the length of the beam. shows. Column (e) shows the ratio of WD for various cross sections. Column (f) is , if a load equal to WD for various cross sections is applied to a point on a simply supported beam, indicates the maximum span. Column (g) shows the maximum span for various cross sections. Show the ratio.

Comparing the beam according to the present invention with a conventional beam with the same weight per meter, the beam The moment of inertia of the beam according to the invention is significantly larger than others. Thus, according to the present invention These beams have higher loading capacity than conventional beams. Similarly, the beam according to the invention Allows for longer spans than conventional beams with the same strain tolerance .

FIG, 3 FIG, 4a FIG, 4b FIG, 5 FIG, 6 FIG, 7 FIG, θ FIG, 9 summary The assembled structural beam (10) has a belly (16) and a head (12, 14). It includes at least one longitudinally folded member. Multiple folds in various embodiments The parts are combined to partially overlap each other to give shapes with various load-carrying capacities. You can get it. In all cases the folded head (12, 14) is closed on all sides. It is made into a rigid structure by being formed into a tubular shape. This is the folded part. This is achieved by fixing the material at the abdomen (16).

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Claims (38)

[Claims] 1. a first abdomen; a folded head having first, second and third portions; a second abdomen fixed to one abdomen in a continuous relationship, the head having three sides; An assembled beam having at least one longitudinally folded member having a tubular shape. 2. In the assembled beam according to claim 1, the first, second and third parts of the head are actually An assembled beam having qualitatively equal cross-sectional dimensions, said head being substantially equilateral triangular. 3. The assembly beam according to claim 1, wherein said at least one beam is folded in the longitudinal direction. The members are assembled beams made from cold-rolled steel plates. 4. The assembled beam according to claim 1, which is folded in two longitudinal directions that are substantially the same as each other. An assembly beam having two members fixed to each other at each abdomen. 5. In the assembled beam according to claim 4, each belly of the longitudinally folded member portion extends into the head of the other longitudinally folded member and abuts the head of the other longitudinally folded member. An assembled beam terminating in a tail flange. 6. The assembled beam of claim 5, wherein each of said tail flanges extends in the longitudinal direction of the other. An assembly beam that is fixed to the head of a member that has been folded. 7. The assembled beam according to claim 1, wherein the first, second and third parts of the head part At least one of the assembled beams is embossed with multiple reinforcing ribs. 8. The assembly beam according to claim 1, wherein the vertical beam is fixed to the first and second abdomens. Assembly beam with members for directional reinforcement. 9. an abdomen and a folded head of triangular cross section, the head being substantially parallel to the abdomen; a first longitudinally folded member having a ventral flange extending into; a second longitudinally folded member substantially identical to said first longitudinally folded member; and the abdomen of each longitudinally folded member is in front of the other longitudinally folded member. a second longitudinally folded member such as extending between the abdominal flange and the abdominal flange; and the first and second longitudinally folded members have respective abdominal flanges. Assembly beams that are fixed to each other at joints. 10. In the assembled beam according to claim 9, the first and second beams are folded in the longitudinal direction. Each of the members is folded along its edge opposite said head so as to be substantially attached to said abdomen. An assembled beam forming a vertically extending tail flange. 11. In the assembled beam according to claim 10, each of the members folded in the longitudinal direction The tail flange of the assembly beam abuts the head of the other longitudinally folded member. 12. The assembled beam of claim 11, wherein each of said tail flanges is connected to the other. An assembly beam fixed to the head of the longitudinally folded member. 13. In the assembled beam according to claim 11, each of the members folded in the longitudinal direction At least a portion of the abdomen is formed into a corrugated beam. 14. In the assembly beam according to claim 13, the abdominal part of the member folded in the longitudinal direction is provided. The corrugated portion is disposed within the head of the other longitudinally folded member. assembled beam. 15. In the assembled beam according to claim 9, each head of the longitudinally folded member An assembled beam in which at least one side of the section is embossed with a plurality of reinforcing rib sections. . 16. First longitudinally with a first and second abdomen and a folded head of triangular cross section a folded member; and a second longitudinally folded member substantially identical to said first longitudinally folded member. a member that is folded in a direction, the first abdominal part of the member being folded in the first longitudinal direction; a second longitudinally folded member oriented in an overlapping direction; and a second longitudinally folded member is attached to each other at said mutually overlapping first abdomen. Assembly beam fixed to. 17. The assembled beam according to claim 16, wherein the first and second beams are folded in the longitudinal direction. An assembled beam having a central longitudinal member inserted between the bellies of the members. 18. The assembled beam according to claim 17, wherein the central vertical member has a structure along both edges thereof. A built-up beam that is folded longitudinally to form a substantially right-angled flange. 19. The assembled beam according to claim 18, wherein the flange of the central longitudinal member is assembly beams abutting the heads of said first and second longitudinally folded members, respectively; 20. In the assembly beam according to claim 19, the flange portion of the central vertical member is an assembly beam fixed to each of said heads; 21. The assembled beam according to claim 17, wherein the central longitudinal member is made of hot rolled steel. An assembled beam is a material. 22. a pair of substantially parallel abdomens fixed to each other and a head of triangular cross section and said abdomen; a pair of flange portions extending from each of the portions and bent substantially at right angles; An assembled beam containing longitudinally folded members. 23. The assembled beam according to claim 22, wherein the belly of the member folded in the longitudinal direction An assembled beam with a central longitudinal member inserted between the sections. 24. The assembled beam according to claim 23, wherein said central longitudinal member is provided at one edge thereof. A built-up beam that is bent longitudinally along to form a substantially right-angled flange. 25. 25. The assembled beam of claim 24, wherein the flange of the central longitudinal member is An assembly beam that is in contact with the head of a member that is folded in the longitudinal direction. 26. The assembled beam according to claim 25, wherein the flange of the central longitudinal member is An assembly beam fixed to the head of the longitudinally folded member. 27. The assembled beam according to claim 23, wherein the central longitudinal member is made of hot rolled steel. An assembled beam is a material. 28. Substantially three parts consisting of a base and a pair of bent parts extending from both ends of the base. a first longitudinally folded head member of square cross section from each of said folds; a first longitudinally folded head member having a pair of extending ventral flanges; a second longitudinally folded head member substantially equal to said first longitudinally folded head member; a head member; between the ventral flanges of each of the first and second longitudinally folded head members; an inserted longitudinal abdominal member and said first and second longitudinally folded head members; fixing means for fixing the abdominal member to the abdominal member at the abdominal flange. 29. 29. The assembled beam according to claim 28, wherein the abdominal member is connected to the first and second An assembly beam having a pair of flange portions abutting each of the base portions of the head member. 30. The assembled beam according to claim 29, wherein the flange portion is attached to each of the base portions. An assembly beam that is fixed. 31. each continuous with a central portion, first and second outwardly bent intermediate portions, and each intermediate portion; first and second flange portions, with the central portions being at respective central positions; a pair of abdominal members fixed to each other; a first head member fixed to the first flange portion of the abdominal member, the head member being fixed to the first flange portion of the abdominal member; a first tubular structure closed by the abdominal member and the intermediate portion of the abdominal member; a head member; a second head member fixed to the flange portion of the abdominal member, the second head member being fixed to the flange portion of the abdominal member; a second tube portion that is closed by the abdominal member and the intermediate portion of the abdominal member; with the head member of Assembled beam with. 32. The assembled beam according to claim 31, wherein the pair of abdominal members are substantially the same. An assembled beam with the shape of 33. In the assembled beam according to claim 31, the abdominal member and the head member are formed in a straight line. Assembly beams fixed by pot welding. 34. In the assembly beam according to claim 33, the abdominal member and the head member are machine parts. An assembled beam that is fixed by mechanical fixing means. 35. The assembled beam according to claim 31, wherein at least one of the head members is flat. An assembled beam made of flat boards. 36. The assembled beam according to claim 35, wherein at least one of the head members is An assembly beam extending laterally beyond each flange of the abdominal member. 37. The assembly beam according to claim 31, wherein at least one of the head members has a groove. Assembled beam with type cross section. 38. The assembled beam according to claim 31, wherein at least one of the head members is vertically An assembled beam with a recess in the direction.