JPH05505360A - hull - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] hull The invention relates to ships and similar marine structures of the type defined in the first part of claim 1. Concerning a hull particularly suitable for objects.

In conventional hulls, a plate place system is used to Pressure is primarily experienced by bending stresses in the hull plates.

The load is transferred from the plate to the primary place (generally a vertical place) and then are transmitted to a secondary place (generally a transverse frame) and finally to the side of the vessel. / transmitted to the longitudinal bulkhead located along the ship's beam. small vessel In , the plates are often double curved. double curved plate scent In this case, external pressure is mainly received by in-plane compressive stress (skin stress).

Weight or manufacturing cost efficiencies are achieved when the hull is constructed using conventional methods. Effect The features of the efficient weight structure are that the hull plate is relatively thin and the primary and secondary places are The frame density is high.

In this case, the manufacturing cost becomes high and the structure becomes complicated.

As the structure becomes more complex, several problems arise. i.e. ships made of scrap/aluminum Between many place components in the hull and fiberglass hull (GRP) The connection becomes somewhat complicated. If this happens, due to fatigue, in the case of a GRP hull, cracks easily occur due to surface layer delamination.

All components of the hull shall be constructed such that stress levels are below permissible elastic stress levels. is usually designed. If the plate section is overloaded, the connection to the place local deformation will occur in the plate, and the stress within the plate will be the bending stress It will gradually change from tensile stress (membrane stress) to tensile stress (membrane stress). As a result, the metal hull In some cases permanent deformation occurs, and in the case of fiberglass hulls (GRP hulls) Local cracks occur.

the purpose The main purpose of the present invention is to manufacture hulls made of sea bream, aluminum or composites. large ships, pontoons and other offshore structures that can reduce weight and manufacturing costs. It is to make the hull of a building.

Another object of the invention is to reduce the number of parts, especially those components that are subject to damage. . Another objective is to simplify the connection between the plate and the place.

A further object of the present invention is to discover a new method of manufacturing ship hulls that can contribute to cost reduction. It is to give out.

invention The invention is specified in claim 1. Further advantageous features of the invention are provided by each dependent claim. It is described in the section.

The basis of the invention is what is known as membrane tension, i.e. tensile membrane tension. is to utilize a concave cross-section plate, which supports the external pressure by stress. . A concave plate is provided between the vertical places and is fixed to the vertical places.

This vertical place is a transverse frame that is not normally attached to the hull of a ship. It is supported by the community. If the hull plate is attached to a member other than the longitudinal frame, e.g. When connected by the hull head, this means that no actual force The use of membranes has traditionally prevented combination with a part of the hull where a place system is used You can also do it.

This new type of structure can be manufactured using conventional methods.

There are a number of differences between the conventional structure and this new structure. Use the membranous part If so, the weight can be reduced considerably. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the manufacturing cost of the hull can be reduced. can be reduced. In the case of metal hulls, weld lengths will be reduced and The main part of the weld will be continuous and simple. bending transverse frame Or the need for rolled transverse frames would be minimal. The present invention applies to high-speed boats. This is particularly suitable in cases where weight reduction is important, such as in cases where weight reduction is important.

When a membrane is used, it depends on the allowable pull in the material, which determines the loading capacity. The tensile stress is maximum. This means that sea bream, aluminum and glass fiber This means that loads are applied at approximately the same stress level. Therefore, according to the present invention If fiberglass or aluminum is used, the weight can be reduced considerably. That will happen.

In the case of fiberglass construction, there are This will reduce the number of problems that arise. In addition, cracks and problems related to stress redistribution can be will most likely be avoided when the section becomes overloaded.

The invention is suitable for all types of large ships and pontoon hulls and other marine structures. Available. The only prerequisite is that the hull is subject to approximately only external pressure. That is what we are doing. This is especially true in the case of high-speed boats, e.g. catamarans or monohulls. In both cases, and in the case of warships.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a small boat.

FIG. 2 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a catamaran with a laminated outer shell.

Figures 3 to 5 show the bottom, side, and deck/(111) boundaries of the hull in Figure 2, respectively. The boundaries are shown in detail. Materials and construction details vary.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the hull of a large ship.

Figure 1 shows one design example in which the present invention is applied to a single hull of a small high-speed boat such as a patrol boat. It shows. The figure shows the midsection of the hull. The hull structure is Detsuki Beam 12 transverse frame ll connected to the It is provided with an internal place (support rod) 13 where possible. Transverse frame 11 is connected to the vertical frame 14. In the example, two on each side. Two vertical places 14A, 14B and a V-shaped keel 16 are shown. Key The module 16 is further supported by a transverse plate 17 for each transverse frame. .

The membrane part 18, that is, the concave plate part, is connected to the longitudinal frame 14 and is located at the bow of the ship. It extends from the stern to the stern. Each membrane part is continuous in the longitudinal direction with a vertical frame and a keel 1. It is welded to 6. The hull plates form recesses between each longitudinal frame.

Each plate has a radius of curvature sufficient to create only tensile stresses.

Each vertical frame 14 is arranged according to the line of the hull. The transverse frame 11 is vertical It can be welded only to the frame 14. Therefore, each transverse frame 11 usually Under the load condition of , only compressive force is applied. In this example, the membranous part A metal plate is used as 18.

The same structure as above can be applied to hulls made of glass fiber hull plates. come. In this case, the plate or membrane portion 18 is continuously attached to each vertical frame 14. It needs to be covered. The fibers used for such glass fiber membrane parts The fibers should be oriented in the direction of the tension applied to the material.

In the hull having the membrane part according to the present invention, the transmission from the plate to the place is The forces are primarily those that act perpendicularly to the hull surface. Therefore, the hull The strength required for the connection between the rate (membrane) and the vertical place is not large. .

Figure 2 shows the hull of a catamaran with laminated outer hull plates (sandwich plates). It shows. This catamaran is equipped with a cross-section that serves as a support for the deck beam 21. a bulkhead 20 and an outer transverse frame each extending towards the area of the keel; 24 and an inner transverse frame 25.

The deck beam 21 is attached to a vertical frame 26 at the side of the ship. same Similar longitudinal frames 27, 28 are provided one above the other on each side of the ship. in the keel area On the way there is one vertical frame 29 on each side. Detsuki 30 is a slave It is assembled using traditional methods. From the deck approaching frame 26 to the keel area ( A hull plate is provided toward the vertical frame 29) and constitutes a membrane portion 31. Ru. Conventional construction methods were used for keel 33, and the vertical frame was placed in the keel area. and is connected to the local web 33. A vertical frame in which the membranous portion 32 is close to the keel. It covers the hull from 29B to the center line. Vertical place 27B in Figure 2 , 28B are shown.

In the center part of the hull (wet deck), the hull plate connects to the transverse bulkhead 20. installed.

FIG. 3 shows the area around the keel area in detail. Crossing place 24 in this example has a quadratic cross section and can be made of fiberglass. Hull plate 31 The coating layer is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and the foam material is used as the core material. It has a sandwich structure consisting of:

Figure 4 shows details of the installation of the hull plate 31 up to the deck in Figure 3. It is shown in Again, each transverse frame 24 is made of fiberglass. The vertical frames 26 and 27 are assembled into a transverse frame structure. ing.

FIG. 5 shows a hybrid where an aluminum transverse frame 24 is used. The configuration of a vertical frame 27 according to a designed modification is shown. Here, the vertical frame The frame 27A is attached by two brackets 49 made of aluminum. . Each bracket 49 is welded to the transverse frame 24. In this example In this case, a single laminated hull plate 31 is used. These are fiberglass It can be manufactured by

In the above two embodiments, the hull plate is connected to the transverse frame. Away from the facing area, only tensile stresses will occur. Pull If tensile stresses occur, the result is that the longitudinal frames 26, 27, 28 and It becomes a side force that can be received more easily.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a tanker to which the present invention is applied. Its hull has an intermediate longitudinal frame It has a transverse frame 34 divided into a plurality of sections at 35. Crossing Each section 34A-E of the frame is connected to the bottom plate 3 forming the inner bottom of the tank 37. 6 is supported. Vertical frame 35A- supporting the concave outer plate 38 F is welded to the transverse frame.

At the interface between the sides and the bottom of the ship, the transverse frame 34F is constructed using known methods. It has a plurality of vertical places 35I arranged at small intervals, and the ship It is covered by an extension of body plate 38. Each side of the ship is known It has two sections 34G, 34H with a transverse frame and an inner wall 39. ing. The exterior of the vertical frames 35G-J is welded to the hull plate 40. ship The body plate is formed so that the concave arcuate membrane part 41 is similar to that at the bottom. be done.

The upper part of the ship is publicized by transverse frames 42, longitudinal places 43 and central plates 44. It consists of a method of knowledge. Furthermore, membrane-like parts 45 and 46 are provided on both sides of the central plate 44. is constructed, and there is a conventional A plate portion 47 having a similar place is configured.

In a variant of the tanker shown in Figure 6, the bottom plate 36 is connected to the transverse frame. It can be configured as a membrane-like part with or without connection. In addition, the inner wall or part of the ship Can be configured as a membrane with or without connection to a transverse frame along each side. Ru. In this way, the membrane obtained when used on an external hull plate There are similar benefits.

According to the present invention, manufacturing can be simplified and costs can be significantly reduced. Will.

If each frame is positioned in a precise position, e.g. You can also lay out the hull plates by pulling out the plates.

Furthermore, according to the invention, before the hull plate is installed, the machine, the equipment and its Assembling things can be more streamlined. The present invention can be applied to hulls made by conventional methods. You can also combine some of them.

Statement of submission of translation of written amendment (Article 184-8 of the Patent Law) Written oath ! , longitudinal place members and transverse place members as the skeleton of the hull plate (18) (11, 12, 13, 14, 16) for ships such as large ships and pontoon boats. Hull. The hull plate (18) has longitudinal ribs or places (14A-B, l6) and, if possible, the keel, and located primarily along the longitudinal axis of the ship. It extends. The hull plate between each of several longitudinal places close to each other has a concave shape. It has a curvature so as to produce mainly tensile stress on the plate surface.

The scope of the claims June 29, 1992

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Vertical brace members and transverse brace members as the skeleton of the hull plate (18) (11, 12, 13, 14, 16), and the hull plate (18) is a vertical brake. Large ships and pontoon ships that are attached to the base member and are subject to external water pressure including static pressure and dynamic pressure. In the hulls of other types of vessels, the hull plate (18) may include supporting ribs or i.e. attached to the braces (14A-B, 16) and, if possible, also to the keel, and each of several longitudinal braces extending primarily along the longitudinal axis of the vessel and proximate to each other. The hull plates in between have a concave curvature and produce mainly tensile stress on the plate surface. The hull is characterized by its curved shape. 2. The longitudinal braces (14A-B, 16) are transverse braces or transverse frames (14A-B, 16). 1) A hull according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided in a known manner on the hull. 3. The hull plate (18) is mainly used for tensile stress occurring on the outer skin plate. Vertical lips (14A-B, 16) so that the force is transmitted as an inward force onto the vertical frame. The hull according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hull is attached to an outer edge of the hull.