JPH0536391B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is an organic waste system in which organic waste such as food scraps is stored in a vertical storage tank and left to stand still for aerobic fermentation to become compost. Regarding waste fermenters.

<Prior art> Various devices have been proposed for fermenting and composting organic waste such as garbage, such as multi-stage fermenters, horizontal rotary fermenters, and fermenters with stirring arms. ing.

In order to efficiently perform aerobic fermentation of organic waste, a rotating tank is installed or a stirring arm is installed inside the tank to stir the waste, but in order to drive the rotating tank or stirring arm to rotate, It requires a large amount of power, the structure is large, and when the waste is kneaded by stirring, some of the waste may solidify and reduce air permeability, and fermentation may not necessarily be carried out efficiently. be.

Therefore, fermenters were reconsidered, in which organic waste is placed in a vertical tank without using a rotating tank or stirring arm, and the contained waste is left to ferment. It has been proposed that the bottom of a vertical tank is filled with gravel, a ventilation pipe is provided inside the tank, and a ventilation pipe is further provided in the upper part of the tank (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-30798).

<Problem to be solved by the invention> However, when the above-mentioned fermentation tank is installed outdoors in a cold region, in addition to the tank having good thermal conductivity, the bottom of the tank is covered with gravel. However, the internal fermentation temperature was strongly influenced by the outside temperature, and the decrease in internal temperature inhibited the fermentation of organic matter. In addition, since the tank has gravel at its bottom, it increases the weight of the tank, requires a stronger base structure, and is difficult to move.

The present invention was made in order to solve the above problems, and is an organic waste that has good heat insulation properties, is lightweight, and has good ventilation inside the tank and can perform efficient aerobic fermentation. The purpose is to provide a fermenter for fermentation.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the organic waste fermentation tank of the present invention has a vertical storage tank with a large number of ventilation holes bored in the side wall, and the outer periphery of the storage tank. An insulating material is placed so as to surround the storage tank, and a gap for ventilation is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the storage tank and the insulating material by placing a net continuously to the bottom of the tank. A perforated plate is arranged near the bottom of the storage tank, the space below the perforated plate is filled with foamed or hollow plastic granules, and the space below the perforated plate is filled with granules made from outside. It is constructed by disposing an air pipe that blows out air from a blower.

<Function> In this organic waste fermentation tank, organic waste such as garbage is put into the storage tank, and at the same time fermentation bacteria are put in.
Aerobic fermentation is performed by operating a blower to blow air into the tank through the air pipe. During this time, a small amount of outside air enters through the numerous ventilation holes provided in the side wall of the storage tank through the gaps between the storage tank and the insulation material, so that aerobic fermentation is carried out satisfactorily throughout the tank. In addition, the storage tank is surrounded by insulation material and the bottom is lined with foamed or hollow plastic granules, so the internal heat retention is good, and even in cold regions, the air supplied can be slightly warmed at the start of fermentation. This alone will allow you to maintain an appropriate fermentation temperature and continue fermentation well.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 show cross-sectional views of the fermentation tank, in which 1 is a vertical metal box-shaped storage tank, and a heat insulating material 2 is arranged to surround the outer surface of the side wall and bottom wall. ,
An outer plate 3 made of stainless steel or the like is provided around the outer periphery of the heat insulating material 2.

Furthermore, a large number of ventilation holes 4 are bored in the side wall of the storage tank 1, as shown in FIG. It is provided continuously all the way to the bottom. Therefore, the inside of the storage tank 1 communicates with the outside air through the gap between the ventilation hole 4 and the net 5.

Further, a plurality of drainage holes 6 are bored in the bottom wall of the storage tank 1, passing through the heat insulating material 2 and the outer panel.
Further, at the bottom of the storage tank 1, foamed or hollow plastic particles 7 (foamed or hollow plastic spheres or polyhedrons with a diameter of about 10 to 30 mm) are spread to an appropriate thickness, and a large number of holes are formed on the granules 7. A perforated plate 8 provided with is disposed as a bottom plate. The diameter of the grains 7 is
For example, the diameter is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top to filter out dirt and improve water flow.

Air pipes 10 are arranged at appropriate intervals below the perforated plate 8 (the part where the foamed or hollow plastic particles 7 are arranged), and the particles 7 are passed through the holes provided on the lower side of the air pipe 10. Blow air around the area. Further, an air pipe 11 is disposed inside the storage tank 1 along its side wall surface, and the air pipes 10 and 11 are connected to the discharge side of an air blower 12 such as a pump or blower installed outside. This blower 12 is controlled by a timer, and sucks in outside air at fixed time intervals.
Send air to 1.

In addition, in the winter season, a heater such as a heater is connected to the intake pipe of the blower 12, and outside air is heated and blown out. In that case, the fermentation temperature in the tank is detected, and when the optimum fermentation temperature is reached, the heater is controlled to be stopped.

The upper opening of the storage tank 1 is closed by a lid 13, and the lid 13 has an exhaust pipe 1 equipped with a deodorizer.
4 is provided. In addition, as shown in Fig. 2, the lid body 1
A waste inlet is formed by providing a door 15 in a part of the wall 3, and a waste outlet is formed by a door 16 provided at the lower part of the side wall. Although not shown in the drawings, a screw conveyor or a discharge rotating blade is installed horizontally in the lower part of the storage tank 1 from the outlet in order to take out the waste.

Fermentation tanks configured in this way are usually installed in two or three units side by side, and a large amount of food waste such as leftover food and vegetables taken out from school lunch centers etc. is first stored in storage tank 1 of the first fermentation tank. fermentation bacteria are added at the same time. In the fermenter, the blower 12 is operated by a timer at regular intervals, and the air pipes 10 and 11
Fermentation is promoted while sending air into the storage tank 1.

During cold weather, such as in winter, air heated by a heater is sent into the tank to efficiently raise the temperature at the start of fermentation. The temperature of organic waste in the tank is 35℃
When the temperature rises to ~40°C, the storage tank 1 is surrounded by a heat insulating material 2, and the bottom is lined with foamed or hollow plastic particles 7, which have good heat retention properties and can be used for long periods of time even in cold regions. Heating is no longer necessary, and aerobic fermentation is carried out well in the tank due to an appropriate temperature and an appropriate amount of air sent from the ventilation hole 4 in the side wall of the storage tank 1 through the air pipes 10, 11 and the net 5. .

For example, if food waste from a school lunch center etc. is thrown into storage tank 1 every day, fermentation will proceed from the organic waste at the bottom of the tank that was first thrown into the tank, and the volume will increase from 8 to 15 days. 50% of input in days
The amount will be reduced by 10%. Therefore, although it depends on the size of the fermenter and the amount of food waste, even if food waste is put into the storage tank 1 every day, the amount of waste for one month can be sufficiently stored. When the first fermenter is full, the organic waste is put into the second fermenter, and the organic waste in the first fermenter is completely fermented over the next month. Then, the door 16 for taking out the fermenter is opened, and the fermented and composted organic matter is taken out from the bottom of the storage tank 1 using a screw conveyor or a rotary blade.

<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, according to the organic waste fermentation tank of the present invention, a large number of ventilation holes are provided in the side wall of the vertical storage tank, and the outer periphery of the storage tank is surrounded by a heat insulating material. A gap for ventilation is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the storage tank and the heat insulating material by continuously arranging the net all the way to the bottom of the tank. A perforated plate is placed nearby, the space below the perforated plate is filled with foamed or hollow plastic granules, and the space below the perforated plate is filled with air from an external blower. Since it is constructed by arranging an air pipe that spews out air, there is no airflow from the air pipe as well as from the numerous ventilation holes provided on the side wall of the storage tank.
Since a small amount of outside air enters through the gap between the tank and the insulation, aerobic fermentation is carried out well throughout the tank. In addition, since the storage tank is surrounded by heat insulating material and the bottom is lined with fermented or hollow plastic particles, the internal heat retention is good, and even in cold regions, you only need to slightly warm the air when fermentation starts. This allows a proper fermentation temperature to be maintained and the fermentation to continue well. Additionally, the weight of the tank can be reduced compared to conventional fermenters with gravel at the bottom, making it easier to move.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a fermenter, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along a cutting line perpendicular to Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a side wall of the storage tank. FIG. 1...Accommodation tank, 2...Insulating material, 4...Vent hole,
5...Net, 7...Grain, 8...Porous plate, 10
...Air pipe, 12...Blower.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A large number of ventilation holes are drilled in the side wall of a vertical storage tank, a heat insulating material is placed around the outer periphery of the storage tank, and a net is placed between the outer circumferential surface of the storage tank and the heat insulating material. A gap for ventilation is formed by disposing the tank continuously to the bottom, and a perforated plate is disposed near the bottom of the storage tank, and foamed or hollow plastic is placed in the space below the perforated plate. What is claimed is: 1. An organic waste fermentation tank, characterized in that the organic waste fermentation tank is lined with granules made of aluminum, and an air pipe for blowing out air from an external blower is disposed in the space below the perforated plate.