JPH03275582A - Controllor for compost production apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To quicken the composting speed and to prevent the extinction of seed bacteria and the oil manure trouble by controlling the draft means with the signal sent from the temp. sensor detecting the fermentation temp. of the compost layer in a compost vessel to keep the compost layer in a specified fermentation temp. CONSTITUTION:The temp. sensor 31 is set in the compost layer 1 in the compost vessel 2, and ventilation is carried out from the lower side of the inner part of the compost layer 1 by the ventilation means 22, and the ventilation is stopped after a specified duration. The temp. in the compost layer 1 is raised when the compost material bigins to ferment, and the fermentation temp. is detected by the sensor 31 which outputs the temp. signal to a control part 34 to control the ventilation means 22. Namely, when the fermentation temp. in the compost layer 1 is >=60 deg.C, ventilation is carried out by the signal sent from the sensor 31, so air is spouted from a pipe 10 and the air having higher temp. in the upper part is circulated through a return pipe 14, and a vertical pipe 18. By this ventilation, the temp. in the compost layer 1 is lowered, and the ventilation is stopped through the control part 34 when the temp. becomes <=55 deg.C. By repeating the ventilation and the stoppage, the fermentation temp. in the compost layer 1 is kept in 55-60 deg.C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a temperature control device for a compost making machine.

(Conventional technology) Compost materials such as rice hulls, rice straw, and grass are placed in a compost tank.
There are compost making machines that produce compost by fermenting compost materials after adjusting the moisture content to an appropriate level.

When producing compost using this type of compost machine, it is absolutely necessary to keep the inside of the piled layer of compost material aerobic in order to speed up the composting reaction rate by microorganisms, and to do so, ventilation is required. A method is adopted in which a means is provided to vent air from an air supply pipe to the lower part of the deposited layer.

However, conventional compost making machines simply ventilate the inside of the piled layer of compost material, but do not detect the fermentation temperature inside the piled layer of compost material to control ventilation and stop. The temperature sometimes reached close to 80°C.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) The reaction during composting of compost material is caused by thermophilic bacteria called 5.
Since thermophilic bacteria have the highest organic matter decomposition activity at temperatures of about 0 to 60°C, thermophilic bacteria do not lose their activation when the temperature exceeds 70°C, and on the contrary, the reaction rate decreases.

In addition, a part of the fully ripened compost is sometimes mixed into compost materials as a starter, but if the temperature rises to around 80°C, the starter will die. Furthermore, there is a risk of causing oil and fertilizer problems.

In view of this, an object of the present invention is to control the ventilation means so that the fermentation temperature inside the deposited layer can always be maintained at a predetermined level.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides a compost making machine equipped with ventilation means 22 for ventilating the inside of the deposited layer 1 of compost material in the compost tank 2 via the air supply pipe 10. It is equipped with a temperature sensor 31 that detects the fermentation temperature, and a control section 34 that controls the ventilation means 22 so that the deposited Ml reaches a predetermined fermentation temperature based on the temperature signal from the temperature sensor 31.

(Function) When compost material is put into the compost tank 2 and the compost material is fermented to produce compost, the ventilation means 22 intermittently aerates the interior of the deposited layer 1 to control ventilation. That is, the fermentation temperature of the deposit N1 is detected by the temperature sensor 31, and the ventilation means 22 is controlled based on the temperature signal so that the deposit layer I has a predetermined fermentation temperature. Therefore, the set temperature can be set to 5, for example.
If the temperature is kept at about 5 to 60°C, the activity of thermophilic bacteria is the highest, the rate of composting can be improved, and the death of starter bacteria and oil and fat damage can be prevented.

(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a compost making machine showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view thereof.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a pile layer in which compost materials such as grass are deposited, and 2 denotes a compost tank surrounding this pile layer 1.

The compost tank 2 consists of a frame-shaped tank frame 3 placed on the ground and a tank frame 3.
It is composed of a plurality of upright pillars 4, a plurality of upper and lower enclosing cylinders 5 supported by the respective pillars 4, and an outer cover 6 that is placed over the outside of the enclosing cylinder 5 from above. Each enclosing cylinder 5 is made of a sheet material such as cloth or plastic into a cylindrical shape, and is provided with a bag-shaped part 7 on the outside that is removably inserted into each support column 4. A presser sheet 8 is attached to the upper inner periphery of the uppermost enclosing cylinder 5, and a tension spring 9 is hung on the inner edge of the presser sheet 8 in a cross-like manner.

lO is an air supply pipe that supplies air into the inside of the deposited layer 1, and is connected to the tank frame 3.
IJIr from the frame pipe 11 placed on the ground inside and the two parallel pipes 12 installed in parallel inside the frame pipe 11.
li, and each pipe 11.12 has a third
As shown in the figure, vent holes 13 that open downward are formed at equal intervals on both sides of the lower part. Reference numeral 14 denotes a return pipe arranged above the deposited layer 1, which is composed of a frame pipe 15 that is slightly smaller than the frame pipe 11 of the 10 examples of air supply pipes, and a central pipe 16 installed in the center of the frame pipe 15.
In each of the pipes 15, 16, return holes 17 which open downward are formed at equal intervals on both sides of the lower part, as shown in FIG. 18 is a vertical pipe that supports the return pipe 14, and the upper pipe 1 is fixed to the central pipe 16 in a continuous manner.
9, and a lower pipe 20 into which the upper pipe 19 is vertically slidably fitted, and the lower pipe 20 is fixed to a mouth-shaped base pipe 21 in a communicating manner. The base pipe 21 is fixed between the two parallel pipes 12 of the air supply pipe IO.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a ventilation means, which is composed of a ventilation blower 25 connected to the air supply pipe 10 and the base pipe 21 via connection pipes 23 and 24, and a motor 26 for driving the ventilation blower 25.
It is placed on the ground outside the compost tank 2.

The connecting pipe 23 is provided with an exhaust port 28 with an on-off valve 27, and the connecting pipe 24 is provided with an intake port 30 with an on-off valve 29. 31 is a temperature sensor that detects the fermentation temperature inside the deposited layer l. A short-circuit pipe 32 is interposed between the connecting pipes 23 and 24, and has an on-off valve 33.

The temperature sensor 31 is connected to the motor 26 as shown in FIG.
It is connected to the control section 34 of. The control unit 34 determines that the fermentation temperature is about 60°C based on the temperature signal from the temperature sensor 31.
If the fermentation temperature rises above 55°C, the motor 26 is rotated, and if the temperature falls below about 55°C, the motor 26 is stopped.
5 is controlled <11fi.

Next, the operation will be explained. When producing compost, compost material is pushed into the compost tank 2 and deposited while passing each enclosing cylinder 5 through the pillars 4, and a temperature sensor 31 is placed inside the deposited layer 1. When the compost material is completely deposited, a spring 9 is applied to the presser sheet 8 of the uppermost enclosing cylinder 5 to press the compost material, and then the entire structure is covered with an outer cover 6.

Next, open the on-off valve 29, and the motor 26 will turn on the ventilation blower.
25, the air sucked in from the intake port 30 is ejected from the ventilation hole 13 of the air supply pipe 10 via the connection pipe 23,
Vent the inside of the pile N1 from below. When the specified amount of ventilation is completed, the motor 26 is stopped and the ventilation blower 25 is turned off.
Stop the ventilation and leave it alone.

At this time, the on-off valves 27, 29, and 33 are closed.

When the compost material starts to ferment, the temperature inside the pile layer 1 rises, so the fermentation temperature is detected by the temperature sensor 31, and the temperature signal is used to control the motor 26 via the control unit 34.
control. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when the fermentation temperature inside the deposit M1 rises to 60 DEG C. or higher, the motor 26 is rotated based on the signal from the temperature sensor 31, and the ventilation blower 25 is driven. Then, the ventilation hole 1 of the air supply pipe 10
3, high temperature air from the upper part is sucked into the return pipe 14 from the return hole 17, and the vertical pipe 18, the base pipe 21. The air inside the deposited layer 1 is sucked into the ventilation blower 25 via the connection pipe 24, and the air in the deposited layer 1 is then sucked through the return pipe 14, the ventilation blower 25, and the air supply pipe 1.
0, this ventilation temporarily lowers the temperature of the deposit N1. Then, when the temperature becomes 55° C. or lower, the motor 26 is stopped via the control unit 34, the ventilation blower 25 is stopped, and ventilation to the deposited layer 1 is stopped. Therefore, the activity of thermophilic bacteria increases with aeration, promoting fermentation.

Thereafter, aeration and □stopping are repeated intermittently in the same way, and the fermentation temperature inside the pile N1 is maintained at 55 to 60℃, so the activity of thermophilic bacteria can always be maintained at the highest level, and fully ripened compost can be produced in a short period of time. can get. Once fully ripened compost is produced, the temperature will no longer rise and the motor 26 will remain stationary.

When ventilating the inside of the deposited layer 1, air is blown out from the air supply pipe IO to the lower temperature part of the deposited layer 1, that is, near the lower outer periphery, and is sucked in from the upper central part and circulated, so that the temperature inside the deposited layer 1 is lowered. It is possible to approximately equalize the compost and prevent the occurrence of spots during composting. In other words, fermentation takes place actively in the center of the sedimentary layer 1, and the temperature in the center rises, so this high temperature air is actively sucked into the return pipe 14 and blown out near the lower outer periphery for circulation. As a result, the temperature within the deposited layer 1 can be approximately equalized.

If the composting of the compost material is promoted, the volume of the pile M1 decreases, but with this decrease, the vertical pipe 18 becomes shorter, the return pipe 14 lowers, and each surrounding cylinder 5 and outer cover 6 lowers. .

In addition, in the embodiment, a method of operating the ventilation blower 25 intermittently has been described, but the method is not limited to this. For example, if the ventilation blower 25 is operated continuously,
The on-off valve 29 may be made of an electromagnetic type and opened and closed by the control unit 34. In this case, when the temperature reaches 60° C. or higher, the on-off valve 29 is opened to ventilate while introducing some outside air. When the temperature drops below 55°C, the on-off valve 29 is closed and the introduction of outside air is stopped.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, return holes 35 may also be formed in the upper pipe 19 and lower pipe 20 of the vertical pipe 18, so that the air inside the deposited layer l can be sucked in from now on.
In this way, since the vertical pipe 18 is located at the center where the temperature is highest, the temperature can be further made uniform.

Furthermore, the outer cover 6 is divided into an upper cover 68 and a lower cover 6b, as shown in FIG. A tension spring 6c may be interposed between 6b. In this way, when the volume of the deposited layer l decreases due to composting, the upper cover 68 is forcibly pulled down and the return pipe 14 is also lowered, so that no gap is created in the upper part of the compost tank 2. Therefore, the air circulation efficiency increases, and the compost tank 2
It can prevent the occurrence of temperature unevenness inside the body.

Further, each of the surrounding cylinders 5 may be configured such that the lower end of the upper surrounding cylinder 5 enters the upper inner periphery of the lower surrounding cylinder 5, as shown in FIG.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the temperature sensor 31 detects the fermentation temperature of the deposited layer 1, and the ventilation means 22 uses the temperature signal from the temperature sensor 31 to bring the deposited layer 1 to a predetermined fermentation temperature. The fermentation temperature inside the deposited layer can always be maintained at a predetermined temperature. Therefore, it is possible to produce fully ripened compost in a short period of time, and it is also possible to prevent the death of the seed bacteria and the occurrence of oil and fat problems.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view showing the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same plane, Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the air supply pipe section, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the return pipe section. 5 is a block diagram of the control system, FIG. 6 is a control characteristic diagram, and FIGS. 7 to 9 are front sectional views showing second to fourth embodiments of the present invention. 1... Sediment layer, 2... Compost tank, 5... Surrounding cylinder, l
O...Air supply pipe, 14...Return pipe, 18...
- Vertical pipe, 22... Ventilation means, 31... Temperature sensor, 34... Control unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Venting means (22) for ventilating the inside of the piled layer of compost material (1) in the compost tank (2) via the air supply pipe (10)
In a compost making machine equipped with a temperature sensor (31) that detects the fermentation temperature of the sediment layer (1), the temperature signal from this temperature sensor (31) brings the sediment layer (1) to a predetermined fermentation temperature. A control device for a compost making machine, comprising: a control section (34) for controlling a ventilation means (22).