JPH05265457A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To correctly perform a sound generation assigning process by accurately generating the timbre of an event driven type musical sound. CONSTITUTION:This electronic musical instrument is provided with a keyboard 4 which generates key operation information, a musical sound synthesizing circuit 11 which outputs at least a musical sound signal of the event driven type musical sound and a musical sound signal of a trigger driven type musical sound by plural sound generation channels, and a CPU 1 which detects whether or not all the sound generation channels of the musical sound synthesizing circuit 11 are in sound generation, preferentially truncates the musical sound signal of the trigger driven type musical sound being generated over one of the sound generation channels, and assigns the generation of a new musical sound to one of the sound generation channels of the musical sound synthesizing circuit 11 according to the truncation result and new key operation information outputted from the keyboard 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument which produces musical tones whose volume and the like change with the passage of time, and which is capable of favorably assigning a tone.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional electronic musical instrument having a plurality of musical tone generating channels (sound generation channels), a sound source for reading out waveform data stored in a memory in response to an operation of a keyboard or the like by a performer and the waveform data Some are provided with an envelope generator (EG) that generates an envelope signal that controls the amplitude to control the volume of the waveform data.

In this kind of electronic musical instrument, the channel in the most attenuated state (the most attenuated channel) among the sounding channels being attenuated based on the level of the current envelope signal output from the EG. ) Is detected, and a truncation means for controlling so as to assign a new key depression sound to this most attenuated channel is provided. In addition, regarding the details of the above-described technique, the electronic musical instrument publication previously proposed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Publication No.
Issue). In addition, some conventional electronic musical instruments detect the channel with the earliest key-on and perform truncate processing.

[0004]

By the way, in the musical tone,
There are trigger-driven timbres such as drum sounds that have only key-on, and event-driven timbres that have key-on and key-off, such as stringed instruments such as piano. In addition, even percussion instruments have event-driven tones such as hi-hat and whistle.

However, in the conventional electronic musical instruments and the like, as described above, the most attenuated channel is detected based on only the level of the current envelope signal output from the EG, the truncation processing is performed, and the key-on is the earliest. For example, the following inconveniences have arisen because the channel is detected and truncated.

As shown in FIG. 12, the current level L _a of the envelope signal at time t ₁ of channel A is smaller than the current level L _b of the envelope signal at time t ₁ of channel B, and the attenuation is advanced. Therefore, the channel A is detected as the most attenuated channel and is truncated. Therefore, if an event-driven tone color is assigned to channel A, the time t
Key-offs that occur after ₁ are unprocessed and unnatural. The present invention has been made under such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of accurately generating a tone color of an event-driven percussion instrument sound and accurately performing a pronunciation assignment process. ..

[0007]

An electronic musical instrument according to the present invention has a key operation information generating means for generating key operation information and a plurality of tone generation channels for generating tone signals, and at least for each tone generation channel, A tone generation unit that outputs a tone signal of an event-driven tone and a tone-driven tone signal of a trigger, and a sound generation channel detection unit that detects whether or not all of the plurality of sound generation channels are sounding. A truncating means for preferentially truncating a musical tone signal of a trigger-driven musical tone being sounded in any of the plurality of sounding channels based on a detection result of the sounding channel detecting means, and a truncating result of the truncate means; Based on the new key operation information output from the key operation information generating means, generation of a new musical sound is generated by the musical sound generating means. It is characterized by comprising allocation means for allocating to one of said plurality of tone generation channels.

[0008]

According to the above construction, when the key operation information generating means generates new key operation information, the sounding channel detecting means detects whether or not all the sounding channels are sounding. As a result, the truncate means preferentially truncates the musical tone signal of the trigger-driven musical sound being sounded in any of the plurality of sound generation channels based on the detection result of the sound generation channel detection means. Therefore, the assigning means assigns the generation of a new musical sound to any of the plurality of sound generation channels of the musical sound generating means based on the truncation result of the truncate means and the new key operation information. A tone signal is output from the tone generation channel.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a CPU (central processing unit) for controlling each part of the device,
Reference numeral 2 is a ROM in which various control programs loaded into the CPU 1 and various data used in these programs are stored, and 3 is a RAM provided with a working buffer and a MIDI buffer in which MIDI data is stored.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a keyboard consisting of a plurality of keys, which has a mechanism for detecting the key pressing and releasing for each key, and for detecting the key pressing speed and the key releasing speed. Generates a signal corresponding to the key release speed. Reference numeral 5 denotes a keyboard interface, which generates key information relating to a pitch, a key pressing speed, etc. based on various signals supplied from the keyboard 4, and is an address / address to which data managed by the CPU 1 is transferred.
Transfer to the CPU 1 via the data bus 6.

Further, 7 is an operation panel, which comprises a display device such as a liquid crystal display, a ten-key pad, an enter key for changing the display screen of the display device, a cursor key for moving a cursor on the display device, and the like. It is configured. The operation panel 7 displays the data supplied from the CPU 1 via the address / data bus 6 and the operation panel interface 8, and displays the data according to the state of each key in the operation panel interface 8 and the address / data. Transfer to the CPU 1 via the bus 6.

In addition, reference numeral 9 denotes a MIDI interface, and the CPU 1 transmits the MIDI interface 9 and a MIDI interface to which data conforming to the MIDI standard is transferred.
MIDI data and the like are exchanged with other electronic musical instruments and the like via the bus 10. Further, 11 is a tone synthesis circuit, which is a CPU
Various MIs supplied from 1 via MIDI bus 10.
It has a plurality of tone generation channels for performing tone synthesis based on DI data, outputs a plurality of tone signals formed by the tone generation channels, and outputs the envelope level of the tone signal of each tone generation channel to the address / data bus 6 as needed. Is supplied to the CPU 1 via. Reference numeral 12 denotes a sound system, which filters a plurality of tone signals output from the tone synthesizer circuit 11 to remove unnecessary noise or perform sound effect processing, and then amplifies and gives to the speaker 13. To pronounce as.

While the number of channels of the standard MIDI standard is 16 from 0 to 15 in total, the MIDI bus 10 in this embodiment is used.
Is an extended MIDI bus having a total width of 40 channels from 0 to 39.
Therefore, hereinafter, in order to distinguish these channel numbers, a MIDI channel conforming to the normal MIDI standard is called an external MIDI channel, and the MIDI channel in this embodiment is simply called a MIDI channel.

In this embodiment, the number of MIDI channels is expanded to 40 inside the electronic musical instrument for the following reason. That is, if the number of channels is as small as about 16 as in the conventional MIDI standard, the channel numbers may overlap when the performance by the keyboard 4 and the automatic performance or the automatic rhythm performance are performed simultaneously. In that case, the musical tone of the tone generation channel that is note-on by playing the keyboard 4 may be muted by the note-off that is input via the external MIDI channel. By expanding the MIDI channel with, the above-mentioned inconvenience disappears.

Although the MIDI bus 10 is also connected to the sound system 12 in FIG. 1, this is not the case for each MIDI system in this sound system 12.
This is because the volume of the musical sound can be controlled for each sounding channel corresponding to the channel, and by transmitting a message to each sounding channel of the sound system 12 via the MIDI bus 10, for example, a certain sounding channel can be The volume can be controlled for each sound generation channel, such as with a certain volume, and the volume of all sound generation channels can be controlled.

The operation of the CPU 1 having such a configuration will be described with reference to the flow charts of FIGS. When the electronic musical instrument of FIG. 1 is powered on, the CPU 1
First, the process proceeds to step SA1 of the main routine of FIG. 3 to initialize each part of the apparatus. This initialization includes zero reset of various registers and initialization of various variables that are initial settings of peripheral circuits. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA2.

At step SA2, MIDI processing is performed. In this embodiment, each part of the electronic musical instrument is regarded as a module, data communication between them is performed by MIDI data, and the MIDI data output from each module is temporarily stored in the MIDI of the RAM 3.
It is stored in the buffer. Then, the CPU 1
In the DI process, the MIDI data stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 is sequentially read to perform a predetermined process according to the type of the data, and the read MIDI
Tone synthesis circuit 11 for data via MIDI bus 10
Transfer to. As a result, the tone synthesis circuit 11 is
A tone signal is output according to the I data. In addition, this MI
Details of the DI process will be described later. And this M
When the IDI process ends, the CPU 1 executes step SA3.
Go to.

In step SA3, external MIDI processing is performed. This processing is based on the MID input from the outside through the MIDI interface 9 and the MIDI bus 10.
The I data is converted into MIDI data expanded to 40 channels, and the M data in the RAM 3 is transferred via the MIDI bus 10.
It is stored in the IDI buffer. In this embodiment, a total of 16 external MIs with channel numbers 0 to 15 are used.
The DI channel is assigned to the channel numbers 9 to 24 of the MIDI channel obtained by adding 9 to the channel number, as shown in FIG. Therefore, for example, note-on of the external MIDI channel of channel number 0 is stored in the MIDI buffer of RAM 3 as note-on of the MIDI channel of channel number 9. When this external MIDI processing is completed, CP
U1 proceeds to step SA4.

At step SA4, a key process that is performed when any key on the keyboard 4 is depressed is performed. Since the key information output from the keyboard 4 is first transferred to the CPU 1 via the keyboard interface 5 and the address / data bus 6, the CPU 1 scans the key in this key processing and transfers the transferred key information. To generate a MIDI event. In this embodiment, a plurality of keys on the keyboard 4 are split into an upper key range and a lower key range.
As shown in FIG.
Information such as note-on and note-off of the orchestra 1 of the IDI channel 0, and MIDI events in the lower key region as information of the orchestra 2 of the MIDI channel 1
The data is sequentially stored in the MIDI buffer of AM3. The details of this key processing will be described later. Then, when this key processing is completed, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA5.

At step SA5, automatic processing such as automatic performance processing and automatic rhythm performance processing is performed. The automatic performance process is performed by the performer using the operation panel 7 to set the musical style (style: waltz, rock, tango, etc.) and tempo, and the chord information specified using the keyboard 4 (chord root root and type). TYPE) to generate an automatic performance event. Then, the event of this automatic performance is R as an event of the corresponding MIDI channel.
The data is sequentially stored in the MIDI data buffer of AM3.

In the automatic rhythm performance processing, a rhythm pattern is generated based on the above-mentioned musical style and tempo.
Then, this rhythm pattern is also sequentially stored in the MIDI data buffer of the RAM 3 as an event of the corresponding MIDI channel. The details of this automatic processing will be described later. And when this automatic processing ends,
The CPU 1 proceeds to step SA6.

In step SA6, tone number channel processing for detecting tone tone channels whose envelope level is below a certain level among tone tone channels of the tone synthesizer circuit 11 as free channels is performed.
Up to the sound generation channels corresponding to the normal sound MIDI channels and the sound generation channels corresponding to the rhythm sound MIDI channels of channel numbers 32 to 39 are separately performed. The details of this tone generation channel processing will be described later. Then, when this tone generation channel processing is completed, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA7.

At step SA7, the musical style and tempo are set according to the operation of the operation panel 7 by the player, or
Set the tone color for each MIDI channel. In addition,
In the flow charts of the respective processes described later, it is assumed that the performer sets all variables that are used in a constant manner without assignment statements. Then, when this panel processing is completed, the CPU 1 executes step SA8.
Go to.

At step SA8, the MIDI channel number 2 for the sequencer provided in this electronic musical instrument is set.
~ 8 sequencer tracks 1 to 7 (see Fig. 2) and the like, other processes not specifically described in the above-described processes are executed, and after completion of these processes, the process returns to step SA2 described above, and the power is cut off. The series of processing of steps SA2 to SA8 is repeatedly executed until the above.
Thus, in the main routine, the CPU 1 operates so as to instruct to synthesize a musical sound according to various events,
This tone synthesis is realized by various processes described later.

Next, the MIDI processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the processing of the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA2 of FIG. 3, the MID shown in FIG.
The I processing routine is started. The CPU 1 first proceeds to the process of step SB1, scans the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3, and then proceeds to step SB2.

At step SB2, it is determined whether or not there is a MIDI event. If the result of this determination is "NO", that is, if no MIDI event is detected, nothing is done, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3, and proceeds to step SA3. On the other hand, the judgment result of step SB2 is "YE
If "S", that is, if a MIDI event is detected, the process proceeds to step SB3.

In step SB3, the MIDI of RAM3
Reads MIDI channel number and MIDI event from the buffer and registers MCH and EV respectively
After storing in, the process proceeds to step SB4. Step SB4
Then, it is determined whether or not the content of the register EV corresponds to the note event. In this example,
Both the note event and the rhythm note event have the MIDI standard note-on format. But,
The normal tone and the rhythm tone are generated in different tone generation channels, and the MIDI channel numbers 32 to 39 are separately assigned to the rhythm tone as shown in FIG. The determination as a note event is made by the MIDI channel number.
If the determination result of step SB4 is "YES", that is, if the content of the register EV corresponds to the note event, the process proceeds to step SB5.

At step SB5, note event processing is performed. The details of this note event process will be described later. Then, when this note event process is completed, the CPU 1 returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA3. On the other hand, if the determination result in step SB4 is "NO", that is, if the content of the register EV is not a note event but a rhythm note event or a channel event, the process proceeds to step SB6.

In step SB6, it is determined whether or not the content of the register EV corresponds to a rhythm note event. If the result of this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SB7. In step SB7, rhythm note event processing is performed. The details of the rhythm note event process will be described later. When this rhythm note event process is completed, the CPU 1
And returns to the main routine of step SA3.

On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SB4 is "NO", that is, if the content of the register EV is not a rhythm note event but a channel event, the process proceeds to step SB8. In step SB8, channel event processing for processing channel events such as program change information requesting tone color switching of the MIDI channel and pitch bend information is performed. When this channel event processing is completed, the CP
U1 returns to the main routine of FIG. 3, and step SA3
Go to.

Next, the note event process of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. CPU
When the processing of No. 1 proceeds to step SB5 of FIG. 4, the note event processing routine shown in FIG. 5 is started. CPU1
First, the process proceeds to step SC1 and the register EV
It is determined whether or not the contents of No. 1 correspond to the note-on event NON. If the result of this determination is "YES", then the operation proceeds to step SC2.

In step SC2, a search is made for an empty sound generation channel for detecting allocatable sound generation channels, and then the operation proceeds to step SC3. Here, the idle sound generation channel means a state of waiting for sound generation. In step SC3, it is determined whether or not there is a current sound generation channel from the state of the sound generation channel detected in the search processing of the free sound generation channel in step SC2. If the result of this determination is "NO", that is,
If all the sounding channels are sounding in some way, the process proceeds to step SC4.

At step SC4, the sounding channel that is most attenuated among the sounding sounding channels or the sounding channel that is the oldest depressed key is detected, and this is forcibly stopped to generate an "idle sound." Perform the truncation process of "Channel". The details of this truncation processing will be described later. Then, when this truncate processing ends, the CPU 1 executes step SC6.
Go to.

On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SC3 is "YES", that is, if there is a currently unused tone generation channel, the operation proceeds to step SC5. Step SC
In 5, the obtained free tone generation channel number is stored in the register ACH in which the number of the assigned tone generation channel is temporarily stored, and then the process proceeds to step SC6. In step SC6, since the state of the tone generation channel corresponding to the tone generation channel number stored in the register ACH is expressed as the tone generation continuation state, the value of the register ST [ACH] (state signal ST) is set to "1", and then the step Go to SC7. Here, the correspondence between the register ST [ACH] and the state of each sounding channel is that ST [ACH] = “0” represents an empty sounding channel, that is, a channel standby state, and “1” represents sounding during key depression. A channel, that is, a note-on sounding continuation state, and "2" represents a sounding channel that is released but is sounding, that is, a release waveform sounding state.

At step SC7, the note code NC to be sounded is extracted from the MIDI event and stored in the register STNC [ACH] which stores the note code NC being sounded in each sounding channel. One note-on MIDI message contains information such as a MIDI channel number, note code NC, and velocity NV. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SC8.

In step SC8, the MIDI channel number stored in the register MCH is stored in the register AMC [ACH] in which the number of the MIDI channel assigned to each tone generation channel is stored. Then, the process proceeds to step SC9. At step SC9, register A
The MIDI channel number MCH, the note code NC, and the velocity N for the empty tone generation channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the tone generation channel number stored in CH.
V and note-on information is output via the MIDI bus 10. These are actually MIs that comply with the MIDI standard.
It is sent in the form of DI events. As a result, the tone synthesis circuit 11 generates a tone signal based on these pieces of information. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SC10.

At step SC10, the value of the note-on counter NONC [ACH], which is provided for each tone generation channel and is incremented by 1 each time a note-on is made, is set to 0.
Reset to. This note-on counter NONC [A
Since the tone generation channel with the largest value of CH] indicates the tone generation channel that has been depressed since the oldest time, by referring to the value of each note-on counter NONC [ACH], which key of the keyboard 4 is the earliest. You can know if the key was pressed. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SC
Proceed to 11.

At step SC11, all note-on counters NONC corresponding to the sounding channel being sounded.
The value of [ACH] is incremented by one. Of course, the value of the note-on counter NONC [ACH] corresponding to the sounding channel that is not sounding should not be incremented. Here, all note-on counters NONC [AC corresponding to the sounding channel being sounded are
H] is all note-on counters NONC [ACH] corresponding to the note-on sounding channels, and sounding channels that are sounding but are released (specifically, ST [ACH] = This is because "2") is erroneously processed in the truncation process described later. Then, the CPU 1 returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 through the MIDI processing routine of FIG. 4, and proceeds to step SA3.

On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SC1 is "NO", that is, if the content of the register EV does not correspond to the note-on event NON but corresponds to the note-off event NOFF, then the step Proceed to SC12. In step SC12, information of each sound generation channel is searched. Where the same MIDI
If there is a sounding channel that is sounding the same note code NC on a channel, note-off processing for that sounding channel is performed as described later, but the same note code NC is used.
However, if it is a different MIDI channel, that sounding channel should not be note-off. Therefore, in order to detect this, in steps SC7 and SC8, the note code NC is set for each sound generation channel.
And the MIDI channel number in the register STNC [A
CH] and AMC [ACH] respectively. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SC13.

In step SC13, it is determined whether or not there is a corresponding tone generation channel. This judgment result is "N
In the case of "O", that is, when the musical tone of the corresponding sounding channel is no longer being pronounced, for example, the state where the key depression is continued and the sound is completely attenuated, or the truncate process causes the key tone to be depressed. If the sound generation is forcibly terminated without doing anything, nothing is done and the procedure returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 through the MIDI processing routine of FIG. 4 and proceeds to step SA3.

On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SC13 is "YES", that is, if the corresponding sounding channel is currently sounding, the operation proceeds to step SC14. In step SC14, the searched tone generation channel number is stored in the register CH, and then step SC15.
Go to. In step SC15, the tone generation channel which is released, but is in the tone generation state, in the register ST [CH] that stores the above-mentioned state of each tone generation channel, that is,
After storing "2" indicating that the release waveform is being sounded, the process proceeds to step SC16. In step SC16, note-off information is output to the tone generation channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the tone generation channel number stored in the register CH, and then the MIDI processing routine of FIG. 4 is performed to return to the main routine of FIG. , Step SA3
Go to.

Next, the truncate processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. CPU1
When the processing in step S4 proceeds to step SC4 in FIG. 5, the truncate processing routine shown in FIG. 6 is started. First, the CPU 1 proceeds to the processing of step SD1 and scans the state of each tone generation channel, that is, the register ST [CH].
After scanning, proceed to step SD2.

In step SD2, it is determined whether or not there is a tone-off channel during note-off, that is, the register ST [C
It is determined whether or not there is a sound generation channel whose value of [H] is "2". If the result of this determination is "YES", then the operation proceeds to step SD3. In step SD3, the tone generation channel having the smallest envelope level ENV among the tone generation channels during note-off, that is, the tone generation channel number that is most attenuated is stored in the register TCH in which the number of the tone generation candidate truncation channel is stored. After that, the process proceeds to step SD5.

On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SD2 is "NO", that is, if there is no tone-off channel during note-off, the process proceeds to step SD4. In step SD4, the number of the tone generation channel that is the oldest key-depressed tone generation channel, that is, the tone generation channel for which the value of the note-on counter NONC [ACH] is maximum, is stored in the register TCH. As a result, even a tone of a slow attack musical tone such as strings or a pipe organ will not be truncated if the key is being pressed. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SD5.

At step SD5, a dump request signal is sent to the tone generation channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the tone generation channel number stored in the register TCH. As a result, the tone generation channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 dumps the envelope at a predetermined speed in response to the dump request signal, but it takes some time to completely dump the envelope. Therefore, if note-on information is immediately input to this tone generation channel, inconvenience may occur. However, in such a state, the tone synthesis circuit 11 causes the envelope of the corresponding tone generation channel to be completely erased. Delay note-on information until dumped,
There is no problem because it has a function to immediately start the sound generation based on the note-on information when the dump is completed. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SD6. At step SD6, the value of the register TCH is set to the register ACH.
Then, the process returns to the note event processing routine of FIG. 5 and proceeds to step SC6.

Next, the rhythm note event processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
When the processing of the CPU 1 proceeds to step SB7 of FIG.
The rhythm note event processing routine shown in is started. The CPU 1 first proceeds to the process of step SE1,
The content of the register EV is the note-on event NO of the rhythm
It is determined whether or not it corresponds to N. If the result of this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SE2.

At step SE2, a free rhythm channel is searched for detecting allocable rhythm channels, and then the process proceeds to step SE3. Here, the empty rhythm channel means a state of waiting for a rhythm sound. In Step SE3, Step SE
It is determined from the state of the rhythm channel detected in the search processing of the vacant rhythm channel 2 of FIG. This judgment result is "NO"
If, that is, if all rhythm channels are sounding in some way, the process proceeds to step SE4.

At step SE4, the rhythm channel having the lowest envelope level, that is, the most attenuated rhythm channel is detected from among the rhythm channels which are producing rhythm, and the rhythm channel is forcibly stopped to generate an "empty rhythm". Performs rhythm truncation processing for "channel". The details of the rhythm truncation process will be described later. Then, when this rhythm truncate processing ends, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SE6.

On the other hand, if the result of the decision made at step SE3 is "YES", that is, if there is a currently empty rhythm channel, then the processing advances to step SE5. Step S
At E5, the obtained free rhythm channel number is stored in the register ACH, and then the process proceeds to step SE6. At step SE6, the state of the rhythm channel corresponding to the number of the rhythm channel stored in the register ACH is expressed as the rhythm sounding continuation state.
After the value of CH] is set to "1", the process proceeds to step SE7.
The correspondence between the register RST [ACH] and the status of each rhythm channel is the same as the correspondence between the register ST [ACH] and the status of each sounding channel.
H] = “0” represents an empty rhythm channel, that is, a rhythm channel standby state, “1” represents a rhythm sounding continuation state by rhythm note-on, and “2” represents a release waveform sounding state.

At step SE7, the note code NC of the rhythm which should be sounded is taken out from the MIDI event, and the register code RSTNC [AC which stores the note code NC of the rhythm being sounded in each rhythm channel is stored.
H]. One-rhythm MIDI note-on
The message contains information such as MIDI channel number, rhythm note code NC, and velocity NV. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SE8.

In step SE8, the register RAM in which the number of the assigned MIDI channel is stored
MI stored in the register MCH in C [ACH]
After storing the DI channel number, the process proceeds to step SE9. In step SE9, the MIDI channel number MCH, the rhythm note code NC, the velocity NV, and the empty rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the rhythm channel number stored in the register ACH are stored.
The note-on information is output via the MIDI bus 10. These are actually MIDs according to the MIDI standard.
It is sent in the form of an I event. As a result, the tone synthesis circuit 11 generates a rhythm tone signal based on these pieces of information. Then, the CPU 1 returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 through the MIDI processing routine of FIG.
Go to 3.

On the other hand, when the result of the determination in step SE1 is "NO", that is, the content of the register EV does not correspond to the note-on event NON of the rhythm,
If it corresponds to the note-off event NOFF of the rhythm, the process proceeds to step SE10. Step SE
At 10, the information of each rhythm channel is searched. Here, if there is a rhythm channel that produces the same rhythm note code NC on the same MIDI channel, the rhythm note-off process of that rhythm channel is performed as described later, but even with the same rhythm note code NC,
If it is a different MIDI channel, that rhythm channel must not be rhythm note off. Therefore, in order to be able to detect this, in steps SE7 and SE8, the rhythm note code NC and the MIDI channel number are stored in the registers RSTNC [ACH] and RAMC [ACH] for each rhythm channel. Of. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SE11.

In step SE11, it is determined whether or not there is a corresponding rhythm channel. This judgment result is "N
In the case of “O”, that is, when the musical sound of the corresponding rhythm channel is no longer rhythmically pronounced, for example, when the rhythm pronunciation is forcibly terminated by the rhythm truncation processing, nothing is done and the MIDI of FIG. 4 is performed. After the processing routine, the process returns to the main routine of FIG.
Go to A3.

On the other hand, if the determination result of step SE11 is "YES", that is, if the corresponding rhythm channel is currently producing a rhythm, step SE1 is performed.
Go to 2. In step SE12, the searched rhythm channel number is stored in the register CH, and then the process proceeds to step SE13. At step SE13, the register RST for storing the above-mentioned state of each rhythm channel is stored.
After "2" indicating that the release waveform is being sounded is stored in [CH], the process proceeds to step SE14. In step SE14, note-off information is output to the rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the rhythm channel number stored in the register CH, and then M in FIG.
After the IDI processing routine, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA3.

Next, the rhythm truncate processing of the CPU 1, which is a feature of the present invention, will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The processing of the CPU 1 is step S in FIG.
When proceeding to E4, the rhythm truncate processing routine shown in FIG. 8 is started. First, the CPU 1 executes step SF1.
The process proceeds to the process of No. 1 and the tone synthesis circuit 1 in the rhythm channel.
The number of the rhythm channel having the lowest envelope level ENV supplied from 1, that is, the number of the most attenuated rhythm channel is stored in the register TCH as a truncation candidate.

However, "problems to be solved by the invention"
As described above, percussion instrument sounds include event-driven sounds that have key-on and key-off, such as hi-hats and whistles, and trigger-driven sounds that have only key-on, such as drums. Therefore, if the envelope levels ENV of these timbres are compared uniformly, the inconvenience as described above will occur.

Therefore, in order to distinguish the event-driven tone color from the trigger-driven tone color, a flag ED is provided, and in the case of the event-driven tone color, the flag ED is set to 1. In step SF1, when the flag ED is set to 1, after the offset OFT is added to the envelope level ENV as shown in FIG. 12 (a), it is compared with the envelope level ENV of the trigger-driven tone color. I will evaluate it. As a result, the event-driven timbre is less likely to be truncated, and the key-off is processed, so that the timbre of the event-driven percussion instrument sound can be accurately generated. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SF2.

At step SF2, a dump request signal is sent to the rhythm channel of the musical sound synthesizing circuit 11 corresponding to the rhythm channel number stored in the register TCH. As a result, the rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 dumps the envelope at a predetermined speed in response to the dump request signal. Then, the CPU 1 executes step SF
Go to 3. In step SF3, the value of the register TCH is stored in the register ACH, then the process returns to the rhythm note event processing routine of FIG. 7, and proceeds to step EC6.

Next, the key processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the processing of the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA4 of FIG. 3, the key processing routine shown in FIG. 9 is started. First, the CPU 1 proceeds to the processing of step SG1, scans the keyboard 4 to detect the pressed / released state of the keyboard 4, and then proceeds to step SG2. Step SG2
Then, the presence / absence of a key event is determined from the key release state of the keyboard 4 detected in the key scanning process of step SG1. When the result of this determination is "NO", that is, when no key event is detected, nothing is done, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3, and proceeds to step SA5.

On the other hand, if the result of the decision made at step SG2 is "YES", that is, if a key event is detected, then the processing advances to step SG3. In step SG3, a corresponding event is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 via the address / data bus 6 as the information of the MIDI channel corresponding to the preset mode MODE, and then the process proceeds to step SG4.

Here, the mode MODE will be described. Mode MODE = 0: Normal sound generation mode All events on keyboard 4 are MIDI with channel number 0
The channel information is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 via the address / data bus 6. Mode MODE = 1: Split mode Events in the key range above a certain point on the keyboard 4 (KSP: key split point) are MIDI of channel number 0.
Key split point KSP as channel information
Events in the lower key range are channel number 1 MIDs
The information of the I channel is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 via the address / data bus 6. As a result, the tone color assigned to each MIDI channel according to the key range is sounded. The key split point K
The SP may be fixed or may be set by the performer.

Mode MODE = 2: Automatic accompaniment mode The key range above a certain point on the keyboard 4 (ASP: automatic accompaniment split point) is the normal key press range, and the event is the MIDI channel information of channel number 0. Is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 via the address / data bus 6. The key range below the automatic accompaniment split point ASP is used as a key detection area for automatic accompaniment, and the note is not sounded, that is, as a MIDI event, it is addressed to the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 as
The information detected without being stored via the data bus 6 is
In the form of chord root (root) and type TYPE, for example, if the performer is pressing "domiso",
In the process of step SG5 described later, the root ROO
"Do" as T, "Major" as type TYPE
Is stored in the RAM 3 and is used in automatic processing described later. The automatic accompaniment split point ASP may be the same as the key split point KSP.

In step SG4, it is determined whether or not the mode MODE is "2". This judgment result is "N
If "O", nothing is done and the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA5. On the other hand, step SG4
If the result of the determination is “YES”, that is, the mode MO
If DE is "2", the process proceeds to step SG5.
In step SG5, the chord root R is calculated from the combination of the note numbers of the keys pressed in the lower key range of the keyboard 4.
After determining the OOT and the type TYPE by referring to a table (not shown) and storing them in the RAM 3, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA5.

Next, the automatic processing of the CPU 1 is shown in FIG.
It will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. When the processing of the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA5 of FIG. 3, the automatic processing routine shown in FIG. 10 is started. First, the CPU 1 proceeds to the processing of step SH1 and determines whether or not the mode MODE is “2”. If the result of this determination is "YES", then the operation proceeds to step SH2.

In step SH2, ROM2 and RAM3
The automatic accompaniment data stored in advance in the automatic accompaniment data area such as 7th form is stored in the RAM 3 by detecting the style STYLE and tempo TEMPO set by the performer and the type TYPE and the root ROOT stored in the RAM 3. Read according to
Change to major, minor, etc. according to type TYPE, and shift by root ROOT. The processing described above is performed by the MID of channel numbers 25 to 31 shown in FIG.
I channel, that is, automatic accompaniment chord tracks 1 to
6 and automatic accompaniment bass track, and each event is stored in RAM as MIDI channel information.
After sequentially storing the data in the MIDI data buffer No. 3, the process proceeds to step SH3. On the other hand, when the determination result of step SH1 is "NO", that is, the mode MODE is "2".
If not, the process proceeds to step SH3.

In step SH3, it is determined whether or not the automatic rhythm flag RHYTHM, which is set to 1 when the performer selects the automatic rhythm performance, is set to 1. If the result of this determination is "NO", nothing is done and the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA6. On the other hand, if the determination result of step SH3 is "YES", that is, if the automatic rhythm flag RHYTHM is set to 1, the process proceeds to step SH4. In step SH4, a process of reading out the automatic rhythm data stored in advance in the automatic rhythm data area of the ROM 2 or the RAM 3 in accordance with the style STYLE and the tempo TEMPO set by the performer is performed for channel numbers 32 to 39 shown in FIG. MIDI channel, that is, automatic accompaniment rhythm track
After each event is sequentially stored in the MIDI data buffer of the RAM 3 as the information of the IDI channel, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA6.

Next, the tone generation channel processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. CP
When the processing of U1 proceeds to step SA6 of FIG. 3, the tone generation channel processing routine shown in FIG. 11 is started. CPU
For No. 1, first, the process proceeds to step SI1 to set the value of the register CH to "0" in order to search the states of all tone generation channels, and then proceeds to step SI2.

At step SI2, the register ENV [C which stores the envelope level for each tone generation channel is used.
H] stores the envelope level of each tone generation channel supplied from the tone synthesis circuit 11, and then step SI3
Go to. In step SI3, it is determined whether or not the register ST [CH] representing the state of each tone generation channel is "2", that is, whether the key is released but is in the tone generation state. If the determination result is "YES", the process proceeds to step SI4. On the other hand, if the determination result in step SI3 is "NO", that is, if the channel is an empty tone generation channel,
Since the channel is in the tone generation standby state, the process proceeds to step SI7 described later.

At step SI4, the register ENV [C
H], the envelope level of the tone generation channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the tone generation channel number set in the register CH is preset to a threshold TH (for example, a value very close to 0) for each tone color. Determine if less than. This judgment result is "Y
In the case of "ES", proceed to step SI5, on the other hand,
If the determination result in step SI4 is "NO", that is, if the envelope level stored in the register ENV [CH] is equal to or higher than the threshold TH, the process proceeds to step SI7 described later.

In step SI5, the tone generation channel CH
Is completely attenuated, so after setting the value of the register ST [CH] to "0" to indicate that the tone generation is in standby,
Go to step SI6. In step SI6, the value of the note-on counter NONC [CH], which is provided for each tone generation channel and is incremented by 1 each time a note-on is performed, is reset to 0, and then the process proceeds to step SI7.

In step SI7, the value of the register CH is incremented by 1 in order to search for the next tone generation channel, and then the process proceeds to step SI7. In step SI8, the value of the incremented register CH is 32.
Or not, that is, whether or not the processing of steps SI3 to SI6 has been completed for all sound generation channels corresponding to the normal sound MIDI channel. If the result of this determination is "NO", then step SI
Returning to step 2, the above-described processing is repeated for all sound generation channels corresponding to the normal sound MIDI channel.

On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SI8 is "YES", then the operation proceeds to step SI9. In step SI9, the envelope level of each rhythm channel is stored in the register ENV [CH], and then step S9.
Go to I10. In step SI10, it is determined whether or not the register RST [CH] representing the state of each rhythm channel is not "0", that is, it is not an empty rhythm channel. This determination is made because, in the case of a trigger-driven tone color, there is no key-off, and therefore the register RST [CH] is only "0" or "1". Step S
If the determination result of I10 is "YES", step S
On the other hand, if the determination result of step SI10 is "NO", that is, if the rhythm channel is an empty rhythm channel, the rhythm channel is in the rhythm sound generation standby state, and the process proceeds to step SI13 described later.

At step SI11, the register ENV
The envelope level of the rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the rhythm channel number set in the register CH, which is stored in [CH], has a preset threshold TH (for example, a value very close to 0) for each tone color. ) Is smaller and the flag ED is reset to 0 (trigger-driven tone color). If the result of this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SI12, while if the result of determination in step SI11 is "NO", that is, register ENV.
If the envelope level stored in [CH] is equal to or higher than the threshold TH or the flag ED is set to 1 (event-driven tone color), the process proceeds to step SI13 described later.

At step SI12, since the rhythm channel CH is completely attenuated, the register RST [CH]
Is set to "0" to indicate that it is in the rhythm sound generation standby state, and the process proceeds to step SI13. Step SI1
In step 3, in order to search for the next rhythm channel, the value of the register CH is incremented by 1 and then step SI
Proceed to 14.

In step SI14, it is determined whether or not the value of the incremented register CH is 40, that is, steps SI9 to SI described above for all the rhythm channels corresponding to the MIDI channel of the rhythm sound.
It is determined whether or not the process of 13 is completed. If the result of this determination is "NO", the flow returns to step SI9, and the above-described processing is repeated for all rhythm channels corresponding to the MIDI channel of the rhythm sound. On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SI14 is "YES", that is,
When the value of the register CH is 40, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA7.

In the above-described embodiment, the truncation processing according to the present invention is performed only on the rhythm sound, so that the sound channel of the normal sound and the rhythm channel of the rhythm sound are completely independent sound channels. However, it may be assigned in a floating manner. At this time, the note event processing and the truncate processing can be shared in most cases by performing the truncate processing relating to the present invention on the normal sound as well as the rhythm sound. Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the oldest keyed-on tone generation channel among the tone generation channels being keyed on is truncated when the normal key range is truncated is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, key off The oldest keyed-off tone generation channel among the middle tone generation channels may be truncated.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, in the rhythm truncate processing, the offset OFT is added to the envelope level of the event-driven rhythm sound to compare with the envelope level of the trigger-driven rhythm sound. Although there is a possibility that the pattern-type rhythm sound is truncated, if there is a trigger-driven rhythm sound, the event-driven rhythm sound may not be truncated. However, if there are only event-driven rhythm sounds, it is naturally necessary to truncate any of them.

By the way, the playing method of the drum of the natural musical instrument is as follows.
There is a rendition style in which the drumhead is pressed by hand and muted after hitting the drumhead. When the rendition style is simulated, the musical tone signal becomes an envelope similar to an event-driven rhythm sound. Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, even when such a tone signal is generated,
In the rhythm truncation process, it becomes difficult to be truncated as in the event-driven rhythm sound.

[0079]

As described above, according to the present invention, the tone color of the event-driven tone can be accurately generated, and the tone-assignment processing can be accurately performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of respective functions of a MIDI channel.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation of a main routine of CPU 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an MI of the CPU 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of DI processing routine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of a note event processing routine of the CPU 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation of a truncate processing routine of CPU 1 in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing an operation of a rhythm event processing routine of the CPU 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing an operation of a rhythm truncate processing routine of the CPU 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation of a key processing routine of the CPU 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an operation of an automatic processing routine of CPU 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an operation of a tone generation channel processing routine of the CPU 1 in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining inconveniences of the conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... keyboard, 5 ... keyboard interface, 6 ... address / data bus, 7 ... operation panel, 8 ... operation panel interface, 9 ... … MIDI interface, 10
...... MIDI / bus, 11 ... Music synthesis circuit, 12 ...
Sound system, 13 ... Speaker.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A key operation information generating means for generating key operation information, and a plurality of tone generation channels for tone signal generation, wherein at least tone signal of an event-driven tone and a trigger are provided for each tone generation channel. A musical tone generating means for respectively outputting a musical tone signal of a driving type musical tone, a sounding channel detecting means for detecting whether or not all of the plurality of sounding channels are sounding, and a sounding channel detecting means based on the detection result of the sounding channel detecting means. A truncating means for preferentially truncating a musical tone signal of a trigger-driven musical tone being sounded in any of the plurality of sounding channels, a truncate result of the truncate means, and a new output from the key operation information generating means. The generation of a new musical sound to any one of the plurality of sound generation channels of the musical sound generating means based on the key operation information. Electronic musical instrument characterized by comprising a assigning means for applying.