JP2943492B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that generates musical tones whose volume and the like change with time and that can perform sound generation assignment processing well.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional electronic musical instrument having a plurality of musical tone generating channels (toning channels) includes a sound source for reading out waveform data stored in a memory in response to an operation of a keyboard or the like by a player, and a sound source of the waveform data. Some include an envelope generator (EG) for generating an envelope signal for controlling the amplitude and controlling the volume of the waveform data.

[0003] In this type of electronic musical instrument, a channel (a most attenuated channel) of the most attenuated state among sounding channels that are attenuated, based on the current level of the envelope signal output from the EG. ) Is detected, and a truncation means is provided for controlling so as to assign a new key press sound to the most attenuated channel. The details of the above technology are described in the gazette of the electronic musical instrument previously proposed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 1-27437).
Gazette). Some conventional electronic musical instruments perform a truncation process by detecting the channel with the fastest key-on.

[0004]

[0005] By the way, musical sounds include:
There are trigger-driven tones with only key-on like percussion instruments such as drums, and event-driven tones with key-on and key-off like percussion instruments such as pianos. There are also event-driven tones, such as hi-hats and whistles, for percussion instruments.

However, in a conventional electronic musical instrument or the like, as described above, the truncation process is performed by detecting the most attenuated channel based on only the level of the current envelope signal output from the EG, and the key-on is performed at the earliest. Since the truncated process is performed by detecting the channel that has occurred, for example, the following inconvenience has occurred.

As shown in FIG. 12, the current level L _a of the envelope signal at time t ₁ of channel A is smaller than the current level L _b of the envelope signal at time t ₁ of channel B, and the attenuation is advanced. Therefore, channel A is detected as the most attenuated channel and truncated. Therefore, when an event-driven tone is assigned to channel A, time t
_The key-off that occurs after ₁ is not processed and is unnatural. The present invention has been made under such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can accurately generate an event-driven percussion instrument tone and can accurately perform a pronunciation assignment process. .

[0007]

An electronic musical instrument according to the present invention has key operation information generating means for generating key operation information, and a plurality of tone generation channels for generating tone signals. Musical tone generating means for outputting a musical tone signal of an event-driven musical tone and a musical tone signal of a trigger-driven musical tone, and a sounding channel detecting means for detecting whether or not all of the plurality of sounding channels are sounding. The plurality of sound sources are generated by the sound channel detecting means .
When it is detected that all sound channels are sounding
In this case, the tone signals being produced on the plurality of
A truncation means for preferentially truncating a trigger-driven musical tone signal as compared to an event-driven musical tone signal , and a truncation result of the truncated means and a new key operation information output means. Allocating means for allocating the generation of a new musical tone to any of the plurality of tone generation channels of the musical tone generating means based on the key operation information.

[0008]

According to the above construction, when the key operation information generating means generates new key operation information, the sounding channel detecting means detects whether or not all of the plurality of sounding channels are sounding. Then, in the sounding channel detecting means, a plurality of
When it is detected that all pronunciation channels are sounding
If so, the truncation means
Of the event-driven musical tones
The tone signal of the trigger-driven tone is truncated in priority to the tone signal. Therefore, the assigning means assigns the generation of a new musical tone to one of the plurality of sounding channels of the musical tone generating means based on the truncation result of the truncating means and the new key operation information. Outputs a tone signal from the pronunciation channel.

[0009]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) for controlling each part of the apparatus;
Reference numeral 2 denotes a ROM in which various control programs to be loaded on the CPU 1 and various data used in these programs are stored. Reference numeral 3 denotes a RAM provided with a working buffer, a MIDI buffer for storing MIDI data, and the like.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a keyboard comprising a plurality of keys. The keyboard 4 has a mechanism for detecting a key press / release key for each key and a key press / release speed. A signal corresponding to the key release speed is generated. Reference numeral 5 denotes a keyboard interface, which generates key information relating to a pitch, a key pressing speed, and the like based on various signals supplied from the keyboard 4, and transmits them to an address / address to which data managed by the CPU 1 is transferred.
The data is transferred to the CPU 1 via the data bus 6.

An operation panel 7 includes a display such as a liquid crystal display, numeric keys, an enter key for changing a display screen of the display, and a cursor key for moving a cursor on the display. It is configured. The operation panel 7 displays data supplied from the CPU 1 via the address / data bus 6 and the operation panel interface 8, and displays data corresponding to the state of each key on the operation panel interface 8 and the address / data / data bus. The data is transferred to the CPU 1 via the bus 6.

In addition, reference numeral 9 denotes a MIDI interface. The CPU 1 transmits the MIDI interface 9 and a MIDI interface to which data conforming to the MIDI standard is transferred.
It exchanges MIDI data and the like with other electronic musical instruments and the like via the bus 10. Reference numeral 11 denotes a tone synthesis circuit,
1 through the MIDI bus 10
It has a plurality of tone channels for synthesizing tone based on DI data, outputs a plurality of tone signals formed by the tone channels, and adjusts the envelope level of tone signals of each tone channel as needed on an address / data bus 6. Is supplied to the CPU 1 via. Reference numeral 12 denotes a sound system, which filters a plurality of tone signals output from the tone synthesis circuit 11 to remove unnecessary noise or perform sound effect processing, and then amplifies the resulting signal to give it to a speaker 13. To be pronounced as

While the number of channels of the normal MIDI standard is 16 in total from channel 0 to channel 15, the MIDI bus 10 in this embodiment
Is an extended MIDI bus having a width of a total of 40 channels from channel 0 to channel 39.
Therefore, hereinafter, in order to distinguish these channel numbers, a MIDI channel conforming to a normal MIDI standard is called an external MIDI channel, and a MIDI channel in this embodiment is simply called a MIDI channel.

In this embodiment, the number of MIDI channels is expanded to 40 inside the electronic musical instrument for the following reason. That is, if the number of channels is as small as about 16 as in the conventional MIDI standard, the channel numbers may be overlapped when the performance by the keyboard 4 and the automatic performance or the automatic rhythm performance are performed at the same time. In this case, the musical tone of the sounding channel that is turned on by playing the keyboard 4 may be muted by the note-off input via the external MIDI channel, as described above. By expanding the MIDI channel, the disadvantages described above are eliminated.

In FIG. 1, a MIDI bus 10 is also connected to the sound system 12, but this MIDI bus 10 is connected to each MIDI system.
This is because the tone volume can be controlled for each sound channel corresponding to the channel. By transferring a message to each sound channel of the sound system 12 via the MIDI bus 10, for example, a certain sound channel can It is possible to control the volume for each sounding channel, for example, to control the volume of the entire sounding channel.

In such a configuration, the operation of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. When power is applied to the electronic musical instrument of FIG.
First, the process proceeds to the processing of step SA1 of the main routine of FIG. 3 to initialize each unit of the apparatus. This initialization includes resetting various registers to zero and initializing various variables for initial setting of peripheral circuits. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA2.

At step SA2, a MIDI process is performed. In this embodiment, each part of the electronic musical instrument is considered as a module, and data communication between them is performed by MIDI data. MIDI data output from each module is temporarily stored in the MIDI memory of the RAM 3.
Stored in buffer. Then, the CPU 1
In the DI process, the MIDI data stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 is sequentially read out, a predetermined process corresponding to the type of data is performed, and the read MIDI data is processed.
The data is transmitted to the tone synthesis circuit 11 via the MIDI bus 10
Transfer to As a result, the tone synthesis circuit 11
A tone signal is output according to the I data. Note that this MI
Details of the DI processing will be described later. And this M
When the IDI processing ends, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA3
Proceed to.

At step SA3, an external MIDI process is performed. This processing is performed by the MID input from outside via the MIDI interface 9 and the MIDI bus 10.
I data is converted to MIDI data expanded to 40 channels, and the
This is stored in the IDI buffer. In this embodiment, a total of 16 external MIs of channel numbers 0 to 15 are provided.
As shown in FIG. 2, the DI channels are assigned to channel numbers 9 to 24 of MIDI channels obtained by adding 9 to the channel number. Therefore, for example, the note-on of the external MIDI channel of channel number 0 is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 as the note-on of the MIDI channel of channel number 9. When the external MIDI processing is completed, the CP
U1 proceeds to step SA4.

At step SA4, a key process is performed which is performed when any key on the keyboard 4 is pressed. Since the key information output from the keyboard 4 is first transferred to the CPU 1 via the keyboard interface 5 and the address / data bus 6, the CPU 1 scans the key in the key processing and transfers the key information. From the MIDI event. In this embodiment, a plurality of keys of the keyboard 4 are split into an upper key range and a lower key range.
As shown in FIG. 2, the MIDI event in the upper
The IDI channel 0 orchestra 1 note-on and note-off information, and the lower key range MIDI event as MIDI channel 1 orchestra 2 information R
The data is sequentially stored in the MIDI buffer of AM3. The details of the key processing will be described later. Then, when this key processing ends, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA5.

At step SA5, automatic processing such as automatic performance processing and automatic rhythm performance processing is performed. The automatic performance processing is performed by setting the music style (style: waltz, rock, tango, etc.) and tempo set by the player using the operation panel 7, and the chord information (chord root ROOT and type) specified using the keyboard 4. TYPE), and an automatic performance event is generated. Then, the event of the automatic performance is R event as the event of the corresponding MIDI channel.
The data is sequentially stored in the MIDI data buffer of AM3.

In the automatic rhythm performance processing, a rhythm pattern is generated based on the music style and tempo described above.
The rhythm pattern is also sequentially stored in the MIDI data buffer of the RAM 3 as a corresponding MIDI channel event. The details of this automatic processing will be described later. Then, when this automatic processing is completed,
The CPU 1 proceeds to step SA6.

At step SA6, a sound channel process for detecting a sound channel whose envelope level is below a certain level among the sound channels of the tone synthesis circuit 11 as an empty channel is performed by channel numbers 0 to 31.
The sounding channels corresponding to the MIDI channels of the normal sounds up to and the sounding channels corresponding to the MIDI channels of the rhythm sounds of channel numbers 32 to 39 are separately performed. The details of the sound channel processing will be described later. When the sound channel processing is completed, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA7.

In step SA7, the music style and tempo are set according to the operation of the operation panel 7 by the player, or
The user sets tone colors for each MIDI channel. In addition,
In the flowchart of each processing described later, it is assumed that all the variables used without a substitution statement and used in a constant manner are set by the player in this panel processing. When the panel processing is completed, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA8.
Proceed to.

At step SA8, the MIDI channel number 2 for the sequencer provided in the electronic musical instrument
Other processes not particularly described in the above-described processes, such as the processes related to the sequencer tracks 1 to 7 (see FIG. 2), are executed. After the completion of such processes, the process returns to the above-described step SA2, and the power is turned off. A series of processes of steps SA2 to SA8 is repeatedly executed until the process is completed.
As described above, in the main routine, the CPU 1 operates so as to instruct the tone synthesis according to various events.
This tone synthesis is realized by various processes described later.

Next, the MIDI processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the processing of the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA2 in FIG. 3, the MID shown in FIG.
The I processing routine is started. The CPU 1 first proceeds to the process of step SB1, scans the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3, and then proceeds to step SB2.

At step SB2, it is determined whether there is a MIDI event. If the result of this determination is "NO", that is, if no MIDI event is detected, nothing is done, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3, and proceeds to step SA3. On the other hand, if the determination result of step SB2 is “YE
If "S", that is, if a MIDI event is detected, the process proceeds to Step SB3.

At Step SB3, the MIDI
The MIDI channel number and the MIDI event are read from the buffer, and the registers MCH and EV are respectively read.
After that, the process proceeds to Step SB4. Step SB4
Then, it is determined whether or not the contents of the register EV correspond to a note event. In this example,
Both the note event and the rhythm note event are of the MIDI standard note-on format. But,
The normal tone and the rhythm tone are generated on different sounding channels. MIDI channel numbers 32-39 are separately assigned to the rhythm tone as shown in FIG. The determination of a note event is made based on the MIDI channel number.
If the decision result in the step SB4 is "YES", that is, if the content of the register EV corresponds to the note event, the process proceeds to a step SB5.

At step SB5, note event processing is performed. The details of the note event process will be described later. Then, when this note event process ends, the CPU 1 returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA3. On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SB4 is "NO", that is, if the content of the register EV is not a note event but a rhythm note event or a channel event, the process proceeds to step SB6.

At step SB6, it is determined whether or not the contents of the register EV correspond to a rhythm note event. If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SB7. At Step SB7, a rhythm note event process is performed. The details of the rhythm note event process will be described later. When the rhythm note event process ends, the CPU 1 proceeds to FIG.
Then, the process returns to the main routine and proceeds to step SA3.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SB4 is "NO", that is, if the content of the register EV is not a rhythm note event but a channel event, the process proceeds to step SB8. In step SB8, a channel event process for processing a channel event such as program change information or pitch bend information for requesting switching of the timbre of the MIDI channel is performed. Then, when the channel event processing is completed, the CP
U1 returns to the main routine of FIG.
Proceed to.

Next, the note event processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. CPU
When the process 1 proceeds to step SB5 in FIG. 4, the note event processing routine shown in FIG. 5 is started. CPU1
First, the process proceeds to step SC1, where the register EV
It is determined whether or not the content corresponds to the note-on event NON. If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SC2.

In step SC2, a search is made for a free sounding channel to detect a sounding channel that can be assigned, and then the process proceeds to step SC3. Here, an empty sounding channel means a state of waiting for sounding. In step SC3, it is determined whether or not there is an empty sounding channel at present based on the state of the sounding channel detected in the search process for the empty sounding channel in step SC2. If the result of this determination is "NO",
If all the sounding channels are sounding in some way, the process proceeds to step SC4.

In step SC4, a sound channel having the most attenuated sound among the sound channels being sounded or a sound channel which is the oldest depressed is detected, and the sound is forcibly stopped and the "empty sound" is output. A truncation process for “channel” is performed. The details of the truncation process will be described later. When this truncation processing is completed, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SC6.
Proceed to.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SC3 is "YES", that is, if there is a currently available sounding channel, the process proceeds to a step SC5. Step SC
In step 5, the obtained free sounding channel number is stored in the register ACH in which the number of the sounding channel to be assigned is temporarily stored, and then the process proceeds to step SC6. In step SC6, the value of the register ST [ACH] (state signal ST) is set to "1" in order to represent the state of the sounding channel corresponding to the sounding channel number stored in the register ACH as a sounding continuous state. Proceed to SC7. Here, the correspondence between the register ST [ACH] and the state of each sounding channel is as follows: ST [ACH] = "0" indicates an empty sounding channel, that is, a channel standby state, and "1" indicates sounding during key depression. A channel, that is, a note-on state in which sound is generated by note-on, and “2” indicates a key-released but sounding channel, that is, a release waveform sounding state.

At step SC7, note codes NC to be sounded are taken out of the MIDI event and stored in a register STNC [ACH] in which the note codes NC sounding in each sounding channel are stored. One note-on MIDI message contains information such as a MIDI channel number, a note code NC, and a velocity NV. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SC8.

In step SC8, the MIDI channel number stored in the register MCH is stored in the register AMC [ACH] in which the number of the MIDI channel assigned to each sounding channel is stored, and then the flow proceeds to step SC9. In step SC9, the register A
A MIDI channel number MCH, a note code NC, and a velocity N for an empty sound channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the sound channel number stored in the CH.
V, note-on information is output via the MIDI bus 10. These are actually MI-IDs conforming to the MIDI standard.
Dispatched in the form of a DI event. Thus, the tone synthesis circuit 11 generates a tone signal based on the information. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SC10.

At step SC10, the value of the note-on counter NNC [ACH], which is provided for each tone generation channel and is incremented by one each time a note-on is performed, is set to 0.
Reset to. This note-on counter NNC [A
[CH] indicates the sounding channel whose key has been pressed for the longest time. Therefore, by referring to the value of each note-on counter NONC [ACH], which key of the keyboard 4 is the earliest. You can know if the key is pressed. Then, the CPU 1 determines in step SC
Proceed to 11.

In step SC11, all the note-on counters NONC corresponding to the sounding channel being sounded are set.
The value of [ACH] is incremented by one. Of course, the value of the note-on counter NONC [ACH] corresponding to the sounding channel that is not sounding must not be incremented. Here, all note-on counters NONC [AC
[H] means that all note-on counters NONC [ACH] corresponding to the note-on sound channels are sounding channels that are sounding but have been released (specifically, ST [ACH] = This is because “2”) is erroneously processed in a truncation process described later. Then, the CPU 1 returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 via the MIDI processing routine of FIG. 4, and proceeds to step SA3.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SC1 is "NO", that is, if the contents of the register EV do not correspond to the note-on event NON but correspond to the note-off event NOFF, Proceed to SC12. In step SC12, information of each sounding channel is searched. Here, the same MIDI
If there is a sound channel that is sounding the same note code NC in the channel, note-off processing of that sound channel is performed as described later.
However, if it is a different MIDI channel, the sounding channel must not be turned off. In order to detect this, in steps SC7 and SC8, note codes NC
And the MIDI channel number in the register STNC [A
CH] and AMC [ACH]. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SC13.

At step SC13, it is determined whether or not there is a corresponding sounding channel. The result of this determination is “N
In the case of "O", that is, when the musical tone of the corresponding sounding channel is not sounded anymore, for example, even if the sound is completely attenuated due to the continued key depression or during the key depression due to the truncation process. If the sound generation is forcibly terminated, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 via the MIDI processing routine of FIG. 4 without doing anything, and proceeds to step SA3.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SC13 is "YES", that is, if the corresponding sounding channel is currently sounding, the flow advances to a step SC14. In step SC14, after the searched sounding channel number is stored in the register CH, in step SC15
Proceed to. In step SC15, the sounding channel which has been released but is sounding in the register ST [CH] in which the state of each sounding channel is stored, that is,
After storing “2” indicating that the release waveform is sounding, the process proceeds to step SC16. In step SC16, note-off information is output to the tone generation channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the tone generation channel number stored in the register CH, and then the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 via the MIDI processing routine of FIG. , Step SA3
Proceed to.

Next, the truncation process of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. CPU1
When the process proceeds to step SC4 in FIG. 5, a truncation process routine shown in FIG. 6 is started. The CPU 1 first proceeds to the processing of step SD1, and scans the state of each tone generation channel, that is, the register ST [CH].
After scanning, the process proceeds to step SD2.

In step SD2, it is determined whether or not there is a note-off sound channel, that is, the register ST [C
It is determined whether or not there is a sound channel whose value of [H] is “2”. If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SD3. In step SD3, the sound channel having the smallest envelope level ENV, ie, the sound channel number with the most attenuated sound among the sound-off channels during note-off, is stored in the register TCH in which the sound channel number of the truncation candidate is stored. After that, the process proceeds to Step SD5.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SD2 is "NO", that is, if there is no note-off sounding channel, the process proceeds to a step SD4. In step SD4, the oldest depressed sounding channel among the sounding channels being sounded, that is, the number of the sounding channel whose note-on counter NONC [ACH] has the largest value is stored in the register TCH. As a result, even a tone of a slow attack musical tone such as a string or a pipe organ is not truncated while the key is being pressed. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SD5.

In step SD5, a dump request signal is sent to the tone generation channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the tone generation channel number stored in the register TCH. As a result, the tone generation channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 dumps the envelope at a predetermined speed in response to the dump request signal, but it takes some time until the envelope is completely dumped. Therefore, if note-on information is immediately input to this sounding channel, inconvenience may occur. However, in such a state, the tone synthesis circuit 11 completely removes the envelope of the corresponding sounding channel. Delay note-on information until dumped,
There is no problem because it has a function to immediately start sounding based on the note-on information when the dump is completed. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SD6. At step SD6, the value of the register TCH is stored in the register ACH.
After that, the process returns to the note event processing routine of FIG. 5 and proceeds to step SC6.

Next, the rhythm note event processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
When the processing of the CPU 1 proceeds to step SB7 in FIG.
The rhythm note event processing routine shown in FIG. First, the CPU 1 proceeds to the process of step SE1.
The content of the register EV is a rhythm note-on event NO
It is determined whether it corresponds to N. If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SE2.

In step SE2, a search is made for an empty rhythm channel for detecting a rhythm channel that can be assigned, and then the flow advances to step SE3. Here, an empty rhythm channel means a state of waiting for rhythm sounding. In step SE3, step SE
It is determined from the state of the rhythm channel detected in the search processing of the second empty rhythm channel whether or not there is a current empty rhythm channel. If the result of this determination is "NO"
In other words, if all the rhythm channels are sounding in some form, the process proceeds to step SE4.

In step SE4, a rhythm channel having the lowest envelope level, that is, a rhythm channel with the most attenuated rhythm, is detected from among the rhythm channels that are generating a rhythm, and the rhythm channel is forcibly stopped to generate an "empty rhythm". Rhythm truncation processing for “channel” is performed. The details of the rhythm truncation process will be described later. When the rhythm truncation process ends, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SE6.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SE3 is "YES", that is, if there is a currently available rhythm channel, the process proceeds to a step SE5. Step S
At E5, the number of the vacant rhythm channel obtained in the register ACH is stored, and the process proceeds to step SE6. In step SE6, the state of the rhythm channel corresponding to the rhythm channel number stored in the register ACH is represented as a rhythm sound sustaining state.
CH] is set to “1”, and the process proceeds to Step SE7.
Here, the correspondence between the register RST [ACH] and the state of each rhythm channel is the same as the correspondence between the register ST [ACH] and the state of each sounding channel.
H] = “0” indicates an empty rhythm channel, that is, a rhythm channel standby state, “1” indicates a rhythm sound sustaining state due to rhythm note-on, and “2” indicates a release waveform sounding state.

In step SE7, the note code NC of the rhythm to be sounded is extracted from the MIDI event, and the register RSTNC [AC] in which the note code NC of the rhythm sounding in each rhythm channel is stored.
H]. One rhythm note-on MIDI
The message contains information such as a MIDI channel number, a rhythm note code NC, and a velocity NV. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SE8.

At step SE8, a register RAM storing the number of the assigned MIDI channel
C [ACH], the MI stored in the register MCH
After storing the DI channel number, the process proceeds to step SE9. In step SE9, a MIDI channel number MCH, a rhythm note code NC, a velocity NV, a MIDI channel number MCH for an empty rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the rhythm channel number stored in the register ACH.
The note-on information is output via the MIDI bus 10. These are actually MIDs conforming to the MIDI standard.
Dispatched in the form of an I event. Thus, the tone synthesis circuit 11 generates a rhythm tone signal based on the information. Then, the CPU 1 returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 through the MIDI processing routine of FIG.
Proceed to 3.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SE1 is "NO", that is, the content of the register EV does not correspond to the note-on event NON of the rhythm,
If the event corresponds to the rhythm note-off event NOFF, the process proceeds to step SE10. Step SE
At 10, the information of each rhythm channel is searched. Here, if there is a rhythm channel sounding the same rhythm note code NC on the same MIDI channel, rhythm note off processing of that rhythm channel is performed as described later.
If it is a different MIDI channel, the rhythm channel must not have rhythm notes turned off. In order to detect this, in steps SE7 and SE8, the rhythm note code NC and MIDI channel number are stored in the registers RSTNC [ACH] and RAMC [ACH] for each rhythm channel. It is. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SE11.

At step SE11, it is determined whether or not there is a corresponding rhythm channel. The result of this determination is “N
In the case of "O", that is, when the musical tone of the corresponding rhythm channel is no longer rhythm-produced, for example, when the rhythm pronunciation is forcibly terminated by rhythm truncation processing, nothing is performed, and the MIDI shown in FIG. After the processing routine, the process returns to the main routine of FIG.
Proceed to A3.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SE11 is "YES", that is, if the corresponding rhythm channel is currently producing a rhythm, step SE1 is executed.
Proceed to 2. In step SE12, the searched rhythm channel number is stored in the register CH, and the process proceeds to step SE13. In step SE13, a register RST in which the state of each rhythm channel described above is stored
After "2" indicating the release waveform sounding state is stored in [CH], the process proceeds to step SE14. In step SE14, note-off information is output to the rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the rhythm channel number stored in the register CH.
After the IDI processing routine, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA3.

Next, the rhythm truncation process of the CPU 1 which is a feature of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The processing of the CPU 1 is performed at the step S in FIG.
When proceeding to E4, a rhythm truncation processing routine shown in FIG. 8 is started. First, the CPU 1 executes step SF1
Processing, and the tone synthesis circuit 1 in the rhythm channel
The number of the rhythm channel with the smallest envelope level ENV supplied from 1, that is, the number of the rhythm channel with the most attenuated value is stored in the register TCH as a truncation candidate.

However, "the problem to be solved by the invention"
As described above, percussion sounds include event-driven sounds with key-on and key-off, such as hi-hats and whistles, and trigger-driven sounds, such as drums, that have only key-on. Therefore, if the envelope levels ENV of these timbres are compared uniformly, the inconvenience as described above occurs.

Therefore, a flag ED is provided in order to distinguish between the event-driven tone color and the trigger-driven tone color. If the event-driven tone color is set, the flag ED is set to "1". In step SF1, if the flag ED is set to 1, after adding an offset OFT to the envelope level ENV as shown in FIG. 12A, the envelope level ENV is compared with the envelope level ENV of the trigger-driven timbre. I will evaluate it. As a result, the event-driven timbre is less likely to be truncated, and the key-off is processed, so that a natural and event-driven percussion sound can be accurately generated. Then, the CPU 1 proceeds to step SF2.

In step SF2, a dump request signal is sent to the rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the rhythm channel number stored in the register TCH. As a result, the rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 dumps the envelope at a predetermined speed according to the dump request signal. Then, the CPU 1 executes step SF
Proceed to 3. In step SF3, after storing the value of the register TCH in the register ACH, the process returns to the rhythm note event processing routine of FIG. 7 and proceeds to step EC6.

Next, the key processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the processing of the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA4 in FIG. 3, a key processing routine shown in FIG. 9 is started. The CPU 1 first proceeds to the process of step SG1, scans the keyboard 4 to detect the pressed / released state of the keyboard 4, and then proceeds to step SG2. Step SG2
Then, the presence / absence of a key event is determined based on the pressed / released state of the keyboard 4 detected in the key scanning process in step SG1. If the result of this determination is "NO", that is, if no key event has been detected, nothing is done and the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA5.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SG2 is "YES", that is, if a key event is detected, the process proceeds to a step SG3. In step SG3, an event corresponding to the MIDI channel corresponding to the preset mode MODE is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 via the address / data bus 6, and then the process proceeds to step SG4.

Here, the mode MODE will be described. Mode MODE = 0: Normal sounding mode All events of keyboard 4 are MIDI of channel number 0
The information of the channel is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 via the address / data bus 6. Mode MODE = 1: Split mode An event in a key range above a certain point of the keyboard 4 (KSP: key split point) is MIDI of channel number 0
Key split point KSP as channel information
The lower key event is the MID of channel number 1.
The information is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 via the address / data bus 6 as I channel information. As a result, a tone assigned to each MIDI channel is generated according to the key range. The key split point K
SP may be fixed or may be set by the player.

Mode MODE = 2: Automatic Accompaniment Mode The key range above a certain point of the keyboard 4 (ASP: automatic accompaniment split point) is a normal key depression range, and the event is information on the MIDI channel of channel number 0. Is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 via the address / data bus 6. The key range below the automatic accompaniment split point ASP is used as a key detection area for automatic accompaniment, and the sound is not emitted, that is, the address / address is stored in the MIDI buffer of the RAM 3 as a MIDI event.
The information detected without being stored via the data bus 6 is:
In the form of the root of the chord (root) ROOT and the type TYPE, for example, if the player presses the key "Domiso",
In the process of step SG5 described later, the route ROO
"Do" as T and "major" as type TYPE
Is stored in the RAM 3 and used in automatic processing described later. Note that the automatic accompaniment split point ASP may be the same as the key split point KSP.

In step SG4, it is determined whether or not the mode MODE is "2". The result of this determination is “N
In the case of "O", nothing is performed, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3, and proceeds to step SA5. Meanwhile, step SG4
Is "YES", that is, the mode MO
If DE is “2”, the flow proceeds to step SG5.
In step SG5, the chord root R is determined based on the combination of the note number of the key pressed in the lower range of the keyboard 4.
The OOT and the type TYPE are determined with reference to a table (not shown), and stored in the RAM 3. Then, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA5.

Next, the automatic processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
A description will be given based on the flowchart of FIG. When the processing of the CPU 1 proceeds to step SA5 in FIG. 3, the automatic processing routine shown in FIG. 10 is started. First, the CPU 1 proceeds to the process of step SH1, and determines whether or not the mode MODE is “2”. If the result of this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SH2.

At step SH2, the ROM 2 or the RAM 3
The automatic accompaniment data stored in advance in the 7th form in the automatic accompaniment data area, such as the style STYLE and the tempo TEMPO set by the player, and the type TYPE and root ROOT detected and stored in the RAM 3 by the key processing described above. Read according to,
Change to major or minor according to the type TYPE, and shift by route ROOT. The processing described above is performed by using MIDs of channel numbers 25 to 31 shown in FIG.
I channel, that is, automatic accompaniment chord tracks 1 to
6 and automatic accompaniment bass track, and each event is stored in RAM
After that, the process proceeds to step SH3. On the other hand, when the result of the determination in step SH1 is "NO", that is, when the mode MODE is "2"
If not, the process proceeds to step SH3.

In step SH3, it is determined whether or not the automatic rhythm flag RHYTHM, which is set to 1 when the player selects automatic rhythm performance, is set to 1. If the result of this determination is "NO", nothing is done, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3, and proceeds to step SA6. On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step SH3 is "YES", that is, if the automatic rhythm flag RHYTHM is set to 1, the flow proceeds to step SH4. In step SH4, the process of reading out the automatic rhythm data stored in advance in the automatic rhythm data area such as the ROM 2 or the RAM 3 in accordance with the style STYLE and the tempo TEMPO set by the player is performed in accordance with the channel numbers 32 to 39 shown in FIG. MIDI channels, that is, automatic accompaniment rhythm tracks,
After each event is sequentially stored in the MIDI data buffer of the RAM 3 as IDI channel information, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA6.

Next, the sound channel processing of the CPU 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. CP
When the process of U1 proceeds to step SA6 in FIG. 3, the sound channel processing routine shown in FIG. 11 is started. CPU
1 first proceeds to the processing of step SI1, sets the value of the register CH to "0" in order to search the state of all sounding channels, and then proceeds to step SI2.

At step SI2, a register ENV [C which stores the envelope level of each sounding channel is stored.
H], the envelope level of each sounding channel supplied from the tone synthesis circuit 11 is stored.
Proceed to. In step SI3, it is determined whether or not the register ST [CH] indicating the state of each sounding channel is "2", that is, whether or not the key is released but the sounding state. If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SI4. On the other hand, if the determination in step SI3 is "NO", that is, if the channel is an empty sounding channel,
Since the channel is in the sound standby state, the process proceeds to step SI7 described later.

At step SI4, the register ENV [C
H], the envelope level of the sound channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the sound channel number set in the register CH is set to a predetermined threshold TH (for example, a value very close to 0) for each tone. It is determined whether it is smaller than. The result of this determination is “Y
ES ”, proceed to step SI5,
If the determination result of step SI4 is "NO", that is, if the envelope level stored in the register ENV [CH] is equal to or higher than the threshold TH, the process proceeds to step SI7 described later.

In step SI5, the sound channel CH
Has been attenuated completely, so that the value of the register ST [CH] is set to "0" to indicate that it is in the sound standby state.
Proceed to step SI6. In step SI6, the value of a note-on counter NONCH [CH] provided for each sounding channel and incremented by one each time a note-on is performed is reset to 0, and then the process proceeds to step SI7.

At step SI7, the value of the register CH is incremented by 1 in order to search for the next sounding channel, and then the process proceeds to step SI7. In step SI8, the value of the incremented register CH is set to 32
That is, it is determined whether or not the above-described processing of steps SI3 to SI6 has been completed for all the sounding channels corresponding to the MIDI channel of the normal sound. If the result of this determination is "NO", then step SI
2, the above-described processing is repeated for all sound channels corresponding to the MIDI channel of the normal sound.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step SI8 is "YES", the process proceeds to a step SI9. In step SI9, after the envelope level of each rhythm channel is stored in the register ENV [CH],
Proceed to I10. In step SI10, it is determined whether or not the register RST [CH] indicating the state of each rhythm channel is not "0", that is, whether or not the register is an empty rhythm channel. This determination is made because the register RST [CH] can only be set to "0" or "1" in the case of the trigger-driven tone color because there is no key-off. Step S
If the determination result of I10 is “YES”, the step S
If the result of the determination in step SI10 is "NO", that is, if the channel is an empty rhythm channel, the process proceeds to step SI13, which will be described later, because the rhythm channel is in a rhythm sound standby state.

At step SI11, the register ENV
The envelope level of the rhythm channel of the tone synthesis circuit 11 corresponding to the rhythm channel number set in the register CH and stored in [CH] is a threshold TH (for example, a value substantially close to 0) preset for each tone. ) And whether the flag ED is reset to 0 (trigger-driven timbre). If this determination is "YES", the flow proceeds to step SI12. On the other hand, if the determination in step SI11 is "NO", that is, the register ENV
If the envelope level stored in [CH] is equal to or higher than the threshold TH or the flag ED is set to 1 (it is an event-driven timbre), the process proceeds to step SI13 described later.

In step SI12, since the rhythm channel CH has been completely attenuated, the register RST [CH]
Is set to "0" to indicate that the rhythm is in the standby state, and the process proceeds to step SI13. Step SI1
In step 3, after the value of the register CH is incremented by 1 in order to search for the next rhythm channel, step SI
Proceed to 14.

In step SI14, it is determined whether or not the incremented value of the register CH is 40, that is, the above-mentioned steps SI9 to SI9 are performed for all the rhythm channels corresponding to the MIDI channels of the rhythm sound.
It is determined whether or not the process of 13 is completed. If this determination is "NO", the flow returns to step SI9, and the above-described processing is repeated for all rhythm channels corresponding to the MIDI channels of the rhythm sound. On the other hand, when the determination result of step SI14 is “YES”, that is,
If the value of the register CH is 40, the process returns to the main routine of FIG. 3 and proceeds to step SA7.

In the above-described embodiment, the truncation process according to the present invention is performed only on the rhythm sound, and the sound channel of the normal sound and the rhythm channel of the rhythm sound are completely independent sound channels. However, it is also possible to make the assignment in a floating manner. In this case, the truncation processing according to the present invention is performed on the normal sound as well as the rhythm sound, so that most of the note event processing and the truncation processing can be shared. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the oldest key-on sound channel is truncated among the key-on sound channels at the time of normal key range truncation has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The oldest keyed-off sounding channel among the middle sounding channels may be truncated.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the offset OFT is added to the envelope level of the event-driven rhythm sound in the rhythm truncation processing, and the envelope level of the event-driven rhythm sound is compared with the envelope level of the trigger-driven rhythm sound. There is a possibility that the pattern-type rhythm sound may be truncated, but if there is a trigger-driven rhythm sound, the event-driven rhythm sound may not be truncated. However, if there are only event-driven rhythm sounds, one of them must be truncated.

By the way, the playing method of the drum of the natural musical instrument includes:
There is a playing technique in which the drumhead is muted by hitting the drumhead by hand after hitting the drumhead. When the playing technique is simulated, the musical tone signal has an envelope similar to an event-driven rhythm sound. Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, even when such a tone signal is generated,
In the rhythm truncation process, truncation is difficult to occur as in the event-driven rhythm sound.

[0079]

As described above, according to the present invention, when a plurality of sounding channels are all sounding,
The trigger drive type is compared to the vent drive type tone signal.
Truncate the tone signal of the musical tone preferentially
Therefore, there is an effect that the tone color of the event-driven musical tone having the key-on and the key-off can be accurately generated, and the sound generation assignment processing can be accurately performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of each function of a MIDI channel.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a main routine of a CPU 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an MI of a CPU 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of a DI processing routine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a note event processing routine of the CPU 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation of a truncation processing routine of the CPU 1 in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an operation of a rhythm event processing routine of the CPU 1 in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation of a rhythm truncation processing routine of the CPU 1 in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation of a key processing routine of the CPU 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of an automatic processing routine of a CPU 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a sound channel processing routine of a CPU 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a disadvantage of the conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... keyboard, 5 ... keyboard interface, 6 ... address / data bus, 7 ... operation panel, 8 ... operation panel interface, 9 ... ... MIDI interface, 10
... MIDI bus, 11 ... Sound synthesis circuit, 12 ...
Sound system, 13 ... Speaker.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-216196 (JP, A) JP-A-5-6179 (JP, A) JP-A-4-362997 (JP, A) JP-A-57- 136698 (JP, A) JP-A-63-65496 (JP, A) JP-A-62-90697 (JP, A) JP-A-55-140893 (JP, A) Patent 2678810 (JP, B2) JP 7-46271 (JP, B2) JP 1-27437 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G10H 1/18 101

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A key operation information generating means for generating key operation information; a plurality of tone generation channels for generating tone signals; at least a tone signal of an event-driven tone for each tone channel; Tone generating means for respectively outputting a tone signal of a drive-type tone, sounding channel detecting means for detecting whether or not all of the plurality of sounding channels are sounding, and generating the plurality of sounds in the sounding channel detecting means . Cha
If it is detected that all of the channels are sounding, the sound signal that is sounding on the plurality of sounding channels is selected from among the event signals.
Truncation means for preferentially truncating the tone signal of the trigger-driven tone compared to the tone-driven tone signal; a truncation result of the truncation means and a new key output from the key operation information generating means. An electronic musical instrument comprising: an assigning unit that assigns a new musical tone to one of the plurality of sounding channels of the musical tone generating unit based on operation information.