JPH05168343A - Method for cultivating lyophyllum decastes sing. - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To surely and efficiently cultivate Lyophyllum decastes Sing. excellent in taste and texture at a low cost in a short time by using a culture medium containing an agar residue. CONSTITUTION:A culture medium containing an agar residue which is a mixture of a hot water-insoluble substance obtained in producing agar using seaweeds such as Gelidium amansii Lamouroux or Gracilaria verrucosa Papenfuss as a raw material with perlite, etc., used as a filter aid to cultivate Lyophyllum decastes Sing.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cultivating Hatake shimeji mushrooms, and more particularly to a method for cultivating Hatake shimeji mushrooms that can be harvested at low cost, reliably and in a short period of time by using a culture medium containing agar residue. It is a thing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hatake shimeji mushroom is a mushroom of the genus Shimeji and its fruiting body is similar to that of honshimeji. Mushrooms are a type of saprophytic mushroom, and in autumn, they occur in large numbers in forests, gardens, fields, roadsides, and sometimes even under the floors of houses (Rokuya Imaseki and Tsugio Hongo: New Japanese fungi of primary color). Picture book (I), nursery company, 1987).

As a method for artificially cultivating this mushroom, there are an "outdoor cultivation method" for generating fruit bodies outdoors and an "indoor cultivation method" for generating fruit bodies indoors. The "outdoor cultivation method" is
Pack a culture medium containing rice bran or calcium as a nutrient source in a sawdust or bark compost that is a support in a cultivation bag, and cultivate mycelia for a certain period in a room where temperature and humidity are adjusted to create a fungal bed, It is a method of embedding this in a well-ventilated area under a broad-leaved forest or in the shade and waiting for natural occurrence 6 to 12 months later (Japanese Patent Application No. 48-135174. Fukushima Prefectural Forestry Research Institute Report, 19: 94-95, 1986). ). However, since this method grows hyphae under natural conditions, the time of occurrence may be the rainy season, but most of them are limited to autumn, and it is impossible to artificially control this. . In addition, the period from the implantation of the bacterial bed to the generation of fruiting bodies is long, and it is possible to harvest only once or twice a year.

The "indoor cultivation method" is a method in which a culture medium obtained by adding rice bran, poultry manure, mulch, ash, etc. to sawdust or bark compost is packed in a cultivation bag or a polypropylene culture bottle, and inoculated with an inoculum at room temperature. In addition, it is cultivated in a room where humidity and the like are controlled under constant conditions. Among them, as a method of using the cultivation bag, the seed bacteria are cultured in the cultivation bag, and the upper part of the bag is cut at a time when hyphae are completely infested in the bag and primordia formation of fruiting bodies can be seen, It is known to cover the opening with vermiculite for about 1 cm to generate fruiting bodies (Fukushima Prefectural Forestry Research Institute report, 17: 95-9
6, 1984).

[0005] However, although this method can control the generation time artificially, it still takes a long time to harvest, and it takes 7 to 8 months after inoculation of the inoculum. As a method using a cultivation bottle, after culturing the mycelium for a certain period of time, the fungus is scratched, chilled water is irrigated and left standing overnight, then excess water is discarded, and cultivation is continued again to generate fruiting bodies. A method is known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-169
913). However, this method is also 50-60 after inoculating the inoculum.
It can be harvested in a day, but it has the drawback of uncertain occurrence of fruiting bodies and poor reproducibility.

Further, recently, a method in which a mixture of bark compost and rice bran is used as a culture medium and when the mycelium spreads in the cultivation container, the opening of the cultivation container is covered with a mineral substance composed of fine particles ( Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-244320) and a method for culturing by burying a fully-ripened fungal bed in a vat-shaped container filled with a mineral substance composed of fine particles (Japanese Patent Application No. 3-800).
0).

[0007]

As described above, there are many reports on a method of cultivating Hatake shimeji, some of which are also used industrially. However, all of these methods are characterized by the operation in the cultivation process such as covering the opening of the cultivation container and using a vat-shaped container, and report on what paid attention to the culture medium itself. There is no.

The object of the present invention is to focus on a culture medium for cultivating Hathatake shimeji mushrooms, and by using a culture medium containing agar residue, it is possible to surely harvest in a short period of time, and since expensive bark compost is not used, the cost is reduced. Another object of the present invention is to provide an advantageous method for cultivating Hatake shimeji.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of earnest studies on a method for cultivating Hatake shimeji, the present inventors have found that by using a culture medium containing an agar residue, it is possible to cultivate Hatake shimeji at low cost reliably and in a short period of time. The present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention is a method for cultivating Hathatake shimeji mushroom characterized by culturing using a culture medium containing an agar residue.

The present invention will be described in detail below. The method for cultivating Hatake shimeji in the present invention is usually performed by the following method. The culture medium containing the agar residue is filled in a container such as a cultivation bottle or a cultivation bag, sterilized by heating, cooled, and inoculated with an inoculum prepared in advance aseptically. Then, when cultivating in a cultivation bottle, after culturing for 30 to 90 days in a room adjusted to a room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C and a humidity of 60 to 80%, the bacteria are scratched and water is added to the upper end of the mouth of the cultivation bottle. Leave for 1 to 5 hours. Then, discard excess water, and
If cultivation is continued in a room adjusted to -20 ° C, humidity of 90-95%, and illuminance of 50-300 lux, fruit bodies can be collected on the 30-60th day.

In the case of cultivation in a cultivation bag, after inoculating the inoculum, it is cultured for 60 to 90 days in a room adjusted to a room temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. and a humidity of 60 to 80%. After the hyphae have spread in the bag in this manner, the upper part of the bag is opened. Room temperature 10 ~
If cultivation is continued in a room adjusted to 20 ℃, humidity of 90 to 95% and illuminance of 50 to 300 lux, fruit body harvesting will be possible in 30 to 40 days. Agar residue used in agar residues present invention mainly MAXA, Gracilaria, Obakusa, Ooogonori, the hot water-insoluble material obtained in preparing the agar seaweed such Itanigusa as a raw material,
It is a mixture of perlite and the like used as a filter aid, and may be either fermented and decomposed or unfermented.
Some of the agar residues produced in this way have their trademarks registered under the name "Agarpost" (1990 trademark application No. 141952). The detailed manufacturing process of agar and agar residue is shown in FIG. The culture medium can be used by mixing the agar residue with a material serving as a nutrient source as appropriate, but preferably, the agar residue and rice bran are mixed in a volume ratio of 2: 1 to 5: 1, Use a water content adjusted to 60 to 70%. Further, if necessary, a mixture of organic components such as chicken manure and mulch and inorganic components such as calcium and potassium can be used. Cultivation container Any cultivation container can be used as long as it is a cultivation container generally used for artificial cultivation of mushrooms. Usually polypropylene bottles or rectangular bags, containers 800-100
It is preferable to use 0 ml. Heat Sterilization Method The heat sterilization method can be performed by an autoclave as is generally performed. Usually at a temperature of 120-130 ℃
The sterilization may be carried out for 2 to 3 hours, but in some cases, the sterilization of the culture medium may be strengthened by so-called intermittent sterilization, that is, heat sterilization is performed once, then a certain period of time is elapsed, and then heat sterilization is performed again. Preparation method of inoculum To prepare inoculum, an ordinary method may be used, for example, artificially cultivated Hatake shimeji or wild Hatake shimeji are collected, a part of the tissue is cut, tissue culture is further repeated, and subculture is repeated. The sterile mycelium obtained by this method is used as a bark compost or sawdust and rice bran in a volume ratio of 2: 1 to 5
It can be obtained by inoculating a medium prepared by mixing 1: 1: 1 and adjusting the water content to 60 to 70% and culturing at 20 to 25 ° C for about 20 days. The medium used for tissue culture and subculture can be any medium as long as it is a medium in which basidiomycete grows. For example, "fungal research method", (Kiyo Aoshima, Keisuke Tsubaki, Koichi Miura; P398 ~ 408, published on June 1, 1983, Kyoritsu Shuppan) can be used any of the medium,
A particularly preferred example is a medium having the composition shown in Table 1 or Table 2.

[0012]

[Example 1] Agar residue and rice bran were mixed in a volume ratio of 3: 1 to adjust the water content to 65%, and 800 ml of the culture medium was added.
Approximately 560 g was filled in a polypropylene cultivation bottle. In order to replenish the inside of the bottle with air and to improve the growth of hyphae, a hole having a diameter of 10 mm was made in the center of the culture medium from the mouth of the bottle to the vicinity of the bottom. 12 this bottle
It was sterilized by autoclaving at 0 ° C for 3 hours. After cooling the temperature of the culture medium to 25 ° C. or lower, 15 g of the inoculum was inoculated in a clean bench and cultured for 35 days in a room adjusted to room temperature of 23 ° C. and humidity of 70%. As a result, the hyphae were fully spread in the cultivation bottle, and water droplets were further seen in the voids of the culture medium in the container, and the hyphae were fully ripe. At this point, bacteria were scraped off, 40 ml of water was further added to replenish the water, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 2 hours, and then excess water was removed with the opening facing down. Furthermore, cover the opening with a damp newspaper, room temperature 17 ° C, humidity 95
%, The cultivation was continued in a room where the illuminance was adjusted to 150 lux. As a result, on day 20, 80 g of fruit bodies of Haedshimeji mushroom were collected.

[0013]

[Example 2] Agar residue and rice bran were mixed at a volume ratio of 3: 1 and 800 g of a culture medium whose water content was adjusted to 65% was filled in a cultivation bag of about 1 liter and autoclaved at 120 ° C for 3 hours. It was sterilized in. After the temperature of the culture medium drops below 25 ° C,
15 g of inoculum was inoculated in a clean bench and cultivated in a room adjusted to room temperature of 23 ° C and humidity of 70% for 50 days. Next, cut open the upper part of the bag and set it at room temperature 17 ° C, humidity 95%, illuminance 80
Cultivation was continued under the condition of looks. As a result, in 20 days
120g of fruiting body was collected.

[0014]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, the mushrooms can be harvested at low cost and reliably in a short period of time, which is extremely useful in industry.

[0015]

[Table 1] Examples of tissue culture and passage medium

[0016]

[Table 2] Examples of tissue culture and passage medium

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a process for producing agar and an agar residue.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Ota 24-9 Nozono-cho, Kameyama-shi, Mie Forest Paper Breeding Research Institute Kameyama Laboratory 24-9 Oji Paper Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsu Shibata Nozomu, Kameyama-shi, Mie 24-9 Nomachi Oji Paper Co., Ltd. Kameyama Laboratory, Forest Tree Breeding Research Institute (72) Inventor Masuichi Terayama Ina City, Nagano Prefecture Nishiharukon 5074 Ina Food Industries Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuji Fukuhashi Ina City, Nagano Prefecture Nishi-Chunka 5074 Ina Food Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating Hatake shimeji, which comprises culturing using a culture medium containing an agar residue.