JPH05142984A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the electronic musical instrument which makes an objective display as to whether the timing of keying required for an advanced or skilled player to practice in performance alone is proper or not. CONSTITUTION:The respective absolute times of keying timing points 1, 2, 3, 4...(n) of sequence data are compared with the absolute times of keying timing points 1', 2', 3', and 4'...n' of actual corresponding performance indicated by a counter N to calculate the difference between the both as timing deviation width (TA). The MAX value, MIN value, mean value, and distribution of the timing deviation width (TA) are visually displayed at a display part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument having a performance self-learning function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electronic musical instrument having a guide function is known as an electronic musical instrument having a performance self-study function. In the electronic musical instrument having the guide function, pitch data corresponding to the melody of the music is stored, and when the guide mode is selected, the stored pitch data is sequentially read out and the keyboard is played. The guide for sequentially displaying the LEDs provided corresponding to each key is executed. Therefore, when playing the melody, the key pressing procedure is visually displayed by the LED, and by pressing the key according to the LED, the melody corresponding to the pitch data can be easily played. At this time, if the key instructed by the lighting of the LED does not match the key actually pressed, the guide is interrupted at that time,
Therefore, the player can learn the melody while learning that there is an error in the key depression due to the interruption of the guide.

Further, an electronic musical instrument having a repeat function and an electronic musical instrument having a scoring function have come to appear, and in the electronic musical instrument having the repeat function,
The bad points played by mistake are repeatedly guided, so that the self-learning effect of the bad points can be enhanced.
Further, in the case of having a scoring function, the pitch error of the key depression (mistouch) is counted to make a comprehensive judgment, and the progress of the performance skill with respect to the practice song is displayed as a score.

[0004]

However, in the case where the guide function and the repeat function are provided, if there is a pitch error in the performance, the guide is interrupted at that point, or Since the guide of the place is repeated, the flow of the music is interrupted, which is not suitable for practicing the performance of the entire music as a whole. Also, in the case of the one having a scoring function, if there is no pitch error in the key depression, even if there is an error in the key depression timing, it will be a passing score, so the performer will display the passing score. Even if there is an error in the key depression timing, it is confirmed that the music was mastered.

[0005] However, mastering a musical piece in total does not stop at playing without error in pitch, but it is important to perform key depression at an appropriate timing corresponding to each note or rest. It is an element. Therefore, even if a pitch evaluation is obtained from the scoring result, it is necessary to make a self-judgment as to whether or not a key is pressed at an appropriate timing corresponding to each note or rest. Moreover, for intermediate and advanced players, there is no problem in playing without any pitch error, and by checking the appropriate key depression timing for each note or rest, the overall finish is improved. The challenge is to check the habits of timing and timing, and thus the self-study effect that suits the tasks of the intermediate and advanced players cannot be obtained.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional situation, and it is possible to perform an objective display as to whether or not the timing of the key depression required by an intermediate player or an advanced player for self-study of playing is appropriate. It is intended to provide an electronic musical instrument.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, a storage means for storing a reference key depression timing and a key depression timing for detecting the key depression timing in an actual performance. The detection means, the deviation width calculation means for calculating the deviation width between the key depression timing detected by the key depression timing detection means and the key depression timing stored in the storage means, and the deviation width calculation means Display means for displaying the deviation width between the two key depression timings.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the storage means storing the reference key depression timing and the pitch of the key to be depressed at this key depression timing, and the actual playing performance. Key pressing timing detecting means for detecting key pressing timing, pitch detecting means for detecting the pitch of a key pressed at the key pressing timing detected by the key pressing timing detecting means, and the pitch detecting means The comparing means for comparing the pitch detected by and the pitch stored in the storing means, and only when the both pitches match based on the comparison result of the comparing means, by the key depression timing detecting means. A shift width calculating means for calculating a shift width between the detected key depression timing and the corresponding key depression timing stored in the storage means,
Display means for displaying the deviation width of the two key depression timings calculated by the deviation width calculation means.

Further, preferably, the display means displays the maximum shift width and the minimum shift width of the two key pressing timings calculated by the shift width calculating means, and the shift width calculating means also displays the maximum shift width and the minimum shift width. The average deviation width of the key depression timing is calculated, and the display means displays the average deviation width detected by the deviation width calculation means, or the display means displays the two deviations calculated by the deviation width calculation means. It is configured to display the distribution of the shift width of the key timing.

[0010]

In the above structure, when a performance is actually performed, the key-depression timing in this performance is detected, and the deviation width between the detected key-depression timing and the pre-stored reference key-depression timing, and both key-depressions are detected. The average deviation width of the timing and the like are calculated. Then, the display means displays the maximum deviation width and the minimum deviation width of the both key pressing timings, the average deviation width of the both key pressing timings, the distribution of the deviation widths of the both key pressing timings, and the like. Therefore, the performer can recognize the unevenness of his / her own key depression timing by the displayed maximum deviation width and minimum deviation width of both key depression timings, and also the overall key depression timing by the average deviation width. The shift can be recognized, and the distribution of the shift width can be used to recognize the overall tendency of the own key depression timing.

Further, only when the pitch of the key pressed during the performance coincides with the pitch of the key to be pressed at the pre-stored key pressing timing, the deviation from the both key pressing timing is caused. By calculating the width, the shift width is calculated only with respect to the key-depression timing corresponding to the key-depression matching the pitch excluding the mistouch.

[0012]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the electronic piano according to the embodiment, and the CPU 1 is a ROM.
Based on the data stored in 2, the program, the data temporarily stored in the RAM 3, etc., all the controls required in this electronic piano are executed. CPU1 has
Operation information is input from each of the keyboard section 4, the panel switch section 5, and the pedal section 6. The keyboard section 4 is composed of a plurality of keys each of which is provided with a keyboard switch which is turned on when a key is pressed, and the CPU 1 identifies the key pressed from the key press data obtained by the keyboard switch. The key number (pitch) and the key depression timing are detected. And CPU1
Instructs the tone generator 9 to generate a tone signal having a pitch corresponding to this key number in synchronization with the key depression timing. The sound source 9 generates a musical tone signal in accordance with an instruction given by the CPU 1, and the musical tone signal is amplified by an amplifier 10 and emitted from a speaker 11.

The first display section 7 and the second display section 8 having a display area slightly larger than the first display section 7 are both LCDs.
The panel switch section 5 is provided with a mode selection switch for selectively setting a normal play mode and a practice mode in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 1. The ROM 2 stores the sequence data of the model performance schematically shown in FIG. 2 together with the program. This sequence data is performance event data managed in absolute time, and a key depression timing serving as a reference is stored for each sounding event from the 1st to the nth on the time axis. Further, the work area of the RAM 3 is provided with the counters and buffers shown below. (1) Timing Deviation Width (TA) Counter _A group of counters that stores the distribution of the timing deviation width between the key depression timing of the sequence data and the key depression timing when the key is actually played as the number of key depressions. It is composed of a plurality of counters corresponding to the respective timing deviation widths from -a to + a, centering on the counter corresponding to the width "0". The initial value of each counter is "0", and the value of any one of the counters -a to 0 to + a corresponding to the timing shift width is incremented for each key depression. (2) MAX. T _A buffer This buffer stores the maximum value of the timing shift width between the key depression timing of sequence data and the actual key depression timing, and the current MAX. The value stored in the T _A buffer is compared with the current timing shift width,
It is always updated to the maximum value of the timing deviation width. (3) MIN. T _A buffer This buffer stores the minimum value of the timing shift width between the key depression timing of sequence data and the actual key depression timing, and the current MIN. The value stored in the T _A buffer is compared with the current timing shift width,
It is always updated to the minimum value of the timing deviation width. (4) Average value T _A buffer This buffer stores the calculated average value of the timing shift width, and is updated every key depression. (5) Counter N This is a counter that measures the number of key depressions, and is incremented for each key depression from the initial value "0".

Next, the operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to the series of flowcharts shown in FIGS. That is, the CPU 1 is turned on by turning on a start switch (not shown) provided in the panel switch section 5 in a preset practice mode.
Starts the operation according to this flowchart, and first executes the initialization processing (SA1). By this initialization processing, the timing shift width (T _A ) buffer, MAX. T _A buffer, MIN. Initial values “0” are set in the T _A buffer, the average value T _B buffer, and the counter N, respectively. Next, it is determined whether or not there is a key depression based on the key depression data from the keyboard section 4 (SA2), and if there is a key depression, the tone generator 9 is instructed to produce the pitch corresponding to the key number. Sound generation processing (SA3) and count up the value of the counter N (SA
4). Subsequently, a timing deviation width T _A between the key depression timing of the sequence data corresponding to the value of the counter N and the actual key depression timing based on the key depression data from the keyboard section 4.
Is calculated (SA5), and this timing shift width (T _A ) is calculated by the following formula.

T _A = T (n) '-T (n) That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the absolute times of the key depression timings 1, 2, 3, 4 ... N of the sequence data,
The absolute time of the key depression timing 1 ', 2', 3 ', 4', ... N'of the corresponding key depression data indicated by the counter N is compared, and the difference between the two is compared with the timing deviation width (T _A ).
Is calculated as

Next, the timing shift width (T
_A ) The value m of the corresponding counter a of the counter is incremented, and at this time, the corresponding counter a can be obtained by the following formula.

[Equation 1]

In this equation, T _A is the value of the timing shift width calculated in SA5, and T _{X is the} shift width unit time. Then, it is possible to determine whether or not within the deviation widths up -a~ + a of T _A timing shift width (T _A) counter by the formula satisfies the condition T _A of formula
Only counted. Therefore, when the value (absolute value) of the timing deviation width (T _A ) is too large,
It becomes a no-count and is not treated as the timing deviation width (T _A ). Then, T _A is only if the expression of the condition is satisfied, the timing shift width (T _A) counter, the value of the counter corresponding to satisfy integer a in Formula is counted up.

For example, when there is no timing deviation width between the key depression timing of the sequence data and the actual key depression timing and T _A = 0 (the deviation width unit time T _{X is set} to 1), the timing is obtained. "0" of deviation width (T _A ) counter
The counter value corresponding to is incremented,
If the actual key depression timing from key depression timing of sequence data was faster T _A = -1, the value of the counter corresponding to "-1" of the timing shift width (T _A) counter is incremented, Alternatively, when the timing is T _A = + 2 later than the basic key depression timing, the value of the counter corresponding to “+2” of the timing shift width (T _A ) counter is incremented.
Therefore, the process of this SA6, the respective counters constituting the timing shift width (T _A) counter, -A～
The number of key depressions is stored for each value of the timing deviation width T _A from 0 to + a.

Next, the timing deviation width T _A calculated in SA5 is MAX. It is determined whether or not the current MAX value stored in the T _A buffer is exceeded (SA
7), if it exceeds MAX. The value stored in the T _A buffer is rewritten to the current timing shift width T _A to update the MAX value (SA8). Therefore, MA
X. The T _A buffer, the largest timing shift width T _A in the key depression to this, that is the most delay in timing depressed offset width T _A with respect to the sequence data key depression timing is stored.

If T _A does not exceed the current MAX value, this T _A is MIN. It is determined whether it is smaller than the current MIN value stored in the T _A buffer (SA
9), if small, MIN. The value stored in the TA buffer is rewritten to the current timing shift width T _A to update the MIN value (SA10). Therefore, MI
N. The T _A buffer, the smallest timing shift width T _A in the key depression to the current, i.e. the shift width T _A earliest depressed and timing with respect to key depression timing of sequence data is stored.

[0021] Next, the updating of the average value stored in the average value T _B buffer using the following equation (SA11).

[Equation 2]

[0022] In this equation, N is the key pressing times which is counted by the N counter, thus the average value T _B of the timing shift width TA per one key depression in the key depression number to this by the equation Obtained with an absolute value. This average value T _B is updated for each key depression, and the average value T _B
It is stored in the buffer. At next SA12, N = n,
That is, the value of the counter N becomes n, which is the number of sounding events of the sequence data, and it is determined whether or not the key depression corresponding to the last key depression data of the sequence data is performed, and the actual number of key depressions is the sequence data. SA2 to SA12 are repeated until the number of pronunciation events is reached.

When the actual number of keys pressed matches the number of sounding events and the performance of the music corresponding to the sequence data ends, MAX. T _A buffer, MIN. The values of the T _A buffer and the average value T _B buffer are displayed on the first display unit 7. Therefore, on the first display unit 7, the MAX value of the key pressing timing deviation width, the MIN value of the key pressing timing deviation width, And the average value T _B of the key depression timing shift widths are displayed. Further, the value of the timing shift width (T _A ) counter is displayed on the second display unit 8, and the graph as illustrated in FIG. 7 is displayed on the second display unit 8. Therefore, it is possible to recognize the unevenness of the key pressing timing of the player by the MAX value and the MIN value of the key pressing timing deviation width displayed on the first display section 7 after the performance, and also the average value of the timing deviation width. It is possible to recognize the deviation of the key depression timing as a whole from T _B. In addition, the second display unit 8
By visually observing the graph displayed in, it is possible to recognize the tendency of the overall shift width of the key depression timing of the user. By making a comprehensive judgment on these, it becomes possible to recognize playing irregularities and habits related to key depression timing that are difficult for the user to notice. As a result, an intermediate or advanced player who has no problem in playing without any pitch error can obtain an objective evaluation of the timing of key depression required for self-study, and the overall finish and timing. You can check your habits.

In this embodiment, the MAX value of the key pressing timing deviation width and the MIN of the key pressing timing deviation width.
Value, and the average value T _B of the key depression timing shift width, but so as to display the distribution of key depression timing shift width, and displays the deviation of the actual key depression timing as the key depression timing of sequence data individually You may do it.

FIG. 8 shows sequence data according to another embodiment of the present invention. The ROM 2 stores the sequence data of the model performance shown in the figure together with the program. This sequence data is managed in absolute time, and the tone generation event data in which the key depression timing serving as a reference for each tone generation event from the first to the nth is stored on the time axis and the C corresponding to each tone generation event.
₄ , E ₄ , G _4, ... Pitch data such as questions.

In this configuration, the CPU 1 starts control according to the series of flowcharts shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 by turning on a start switch (not shown) provided in the panel switch section 5 in the practice mode. First, the initialization process is executed (SB
1). By this initialization processing, the timing shift width (T _A ) buffer, MAX. T _A buffer, MI
N. Initial values “0” are set in the T _A buffer, the average value T _A buffer, and the counter N, respectively. Next, it is determined whether or not there is a key depression based on the operation information from the keyboard section 4 (SB2), and if there is a key depression, the tone pitch of the depressed key and the tone pitch of the sequence data. It is determined whether and match (SB3).

That is, in this SB3, as shown in the upper part of FIG. 11, the sequence data is compared with the pitch of the corresponding key depression data, and only when they coincide, SA3 to SA14 of the first embodiment described above are compared. The same determination processing of SB4 to SB15 is performed. Therefore, as shown in the figure, a pitch E ♭ ₄ that does not match the pitch E ₄ of n = 1 in the sequence data,
For key presses with pitches C ₄ and D ₄ that do not match the pitch B ₃ of n = 4 in the sequence data, the key pressing timing deviation width T _A is not calculated in SB6, and T _A only when they match. Will be calculated. That is, T _A is not calculated when there is a mistouch that is a pitch error in the key depression, and T _A is calculated only when there is a pitch-correct key depression. Therefore, T _A is calculated only based on the pitches that are correct in terms of the pitch intended by the performer, excluding mis-touched key depressions.
Value, MIN value of key depression timing shift width, the average value T _B of the key depression timing shift width, the data such as the distribution of key depression timing shift width can be accurate.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the deviation range of the key pressing timing between the reference key pressing timing stored in advance and the key pressing timing in the actual performance is calculated, and the maximum key pressing timing is calculated. The deviation width, the minimum deviation width, the average deviation width, and the deviation width distribution are displayed. Therefore,
By visually observing these displayed timing shift widths, you can be aware of the unevenness of your key depression timing, the overall deviation of key depression timing, and the tendency of your overall key depression timing deviation. It is possible to recognize playing irregularities and habits regarding difficult key pressing timing. as a result,
Intermediate and advanced players who have no problem in pitch-free performance can obtain an objective evaluation of the timing of key depression that is necessary for self-study, and give a total finish and timing habit. Can be checked, which can enhance the self-study effect for intermediate and advanced players.

Further, when there is a pitch error in the key depression, that is, a mis-touch, the key depression timing deviation width is not calculated, and the deviation width of the key depression timing is calculated only when the key depression is correct. The calculation was performed. Therefore, it is possible to exclude the key depression by the miss touch, calculate the deviation width based only on the key depression intended by the player who is pitch-correct, and perform the display based on the deviation width. It is possible to display accurate data.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall structure of an electronic piano according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of sequence data stored in a ROM of the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of a timing deviation width (T _A ) counter provided in a working area in the RAM of the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an operation flowchart of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart following SA12 in FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating a key pressing timing deviation range in the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of a timing deviation width distribution displayed on the second display unit of the same embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of sequence data stored in a ROM in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an operation flowchart of the embodiment.

10 is a flowchart following SB13 in FIG.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of calculating a key depression timing shift width in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 CPU 2 ROM 3 RAM 4 keyboard section 5 panel switch section 6 first display section 7 second display section

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location G10L 3/00 S 8946-5H

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A storage means for storing a reference key-depression timing, a key-depression timing detection means for detecting a key-depression timing in an actual performance, and a key-depression timing detected by the key-depression timing detection means. A shift width calculating means for calculating a shift width with respect to the key pressing timing stored in the storage means; and a display means for displaying the shift width between the two key pressing timings calculated by the shift width calculating means. An electronic musical instrument characterized by that. 2. Storage means for storing a reference key depression timing and a pitch of a key to be depressed at this key depression timing, and key depression timing detection for detecting a key depression timing in an actual performance. Means, a pitch detecting means for detecting a pitch of a key pressed at a key pressing timing detected by the key pressing timing detecting means, a pitch detected by the pitch detecting means and the storage means And a storage means for comparing the key-pitch timing detected by the key-pitch timing detection means only when the both pitches match based on the comparison result of the comparison means. A shift width calculating means for calculating a shift width with respect to the corresponding key pressing timing stored in, and a display means for displaying the shift width between the two key pressing timings calculated by the shift width calculating means. An electronic musical instrument characterized by. 3. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the display means displays the maximum shift width and the minimum shift width of both key pressing timings calculated by the shift width calculating means. 4. The shift width calculating means calculates an average shift width between the two key depression timings, and the display means displays the average shift width detected by the shift width calculating means. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1. 5. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the display means displays a distribution of the shift widths of the two key depression timings calculated by the shift width calculating means.