JPH05110915A - Video camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To apply a special effect showing a shutter operation to an output video signal. CONSTITUTION:A video camera part and a photo-camera part are integrally arranged in a cabinet. A video signal SCV from an encoder 28 is written in a frame memory 34 in the next frame of pushing a shutter button and the video signal is repeatedly read-out for following 45 frames. A switch 33 selects a video signal SCV' read from the memory 34 for the 45 frames and selects the video signal SCV for the other period. The output of the switch 33 is guided through a blanking circuit 31 to an output terminal 29. For the first and final 15 frames in the 45 frames, the blanking operation of the blanking circuit 31 is controlled so as to respectively increase and decrease a blanking area gradually and for the intermediate 15 frames, the blanking operation is stopped. Thus, the shutter effect can be applied and in the case of the shutter operation, a picture can be confirmed as a still picture.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to video cameras.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art By using a video camera, it is possible to capture still images as well as moving images. However, the resolution of the video camera is lower than that of the photo camera,
Often they want to use a photo camera with a video camera. For example, it is conceivable to fix the photo camera to the video camera and operate the shutter of the photo camera while capturing a moving image with the video camera.

[0003]

When operating the shutter of a photo camera, it is convenient if a special effect indicating that the shutter has been operated can be added to the output video signal of the video camera. For example, when reproducing a video signal on a VTR, it is possible to easily know what kind of screen picture exists.

Therefore, the present invention provides a video camera capable of imparting a special effect to the output video signal, which indicates that the shutter has been operated.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a blanking area setting means is set so that the blanking area gradually increases and then gradually decreases for each screen, and 1 of a video signal picked up during shutter operation. An image memory for storing a screen portion, a signal selecting means for selecting and outputting either a picked-up video signal or a read video signal from the image memory, and a blanking means for blanking the output video signal from the signal selecting means. And blanking the output video signal by the blanking means corresponding to the blanking area set by the blanking area setting means, increasing the blanking area, and then decreasing the blanking area from the image memory for a predetermined period. The video signal for the screen is repeatedly read and the video signal read from the image memory is selected by the signal selection means. It is intended further to stop the blanking operation of the blanking means.

[0006]

The output video signal is blanked so that the blanking area gradually increases and then gradually decreases for each screen, and a special effect indicating that the shutter has been operated can be added to the output video signal.

In addition, since a video signal for one screen is repeatedly read from the image memory for a predetermined period before increasing and then decreasing the blanking area, and this is output without blanking, the screen during shutter operation is displayed. Can be confirmed as a still image.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this example, a video camera and a photo camera are integrally formed. Also, in this example, an NTSC color video signal can be obtained from the video camera unit.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall structure. In the figure, 1 is a cabinet. Although not shown, a video camera unit including an image pickup device, a signal processing circuit, and the like, and a photo camera unit including a film loading mechanism, a film driving mechanism, and the like are built in the cabinet 1.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an image pickup lens of the video camera section,
Reference numeral 3 is an imaging lens of the photo camera unit. That is, the optical system of the video camera unit and the optical system of the photo camera unit are configured separately. The imaging lens 2 has a focal length f of 7 mm to 42 m.
A 6x zoom lens of m is used. On the other hand, as the imaging lens 3, a fixed focus lens having a focal length f of 55 mm is used.

Further, in this example, an electronic viewfinder including a small CRT is provided in the cabinet 1.
A screen imaged by the video camera unit is displayed on the RT via the imaging lens 2. 4 is an eyecup. In addition,
No finder is provided to directly check the screen imaged by the photo camera unit via the imaging lens 3.

Reference numerals 5T and 5W are zoom operation buttons for zooming in the TELE direction and the WIDE direction, respectively. Reference numeral 6 is a recording button for recording an image pickup video signal output from the video camera unit on the VTR, and 7 is a shutter button of the photo camera unit. Further, 8 is a film rewind operation button.

FIG. 2 shows the structure of the video camera section. Image light from a subject is supplied to a single-plate CCD solid-state image sensor 12 having a complementary color checker system color filter via an imaging lens 2 and an iris 11.

The zoom driver 41 adjusts the zoom magnification of the imaging lens 2. FIG. 7 shows a specific configuration of the zoom driver 41. In the figure,
Reference numeral 411 denotes a lens that constitutes the imaging lens 2 and is for adjusting the zoom magnification. By moving the position of this lens 411 back and forth by rotational drive,
The zoom ratio is adjusted. For example, rotation to the T side adjusts in the TELE direction, while rotation to the W side adjusts in the WIDE direction.

The DC motor 412 drives the lens 411 to rotate. One end and the other end of the motor 412 are connected to the output terminals q1 and q2 of the zoom driver unit 413, respectively. The input terminals p1 and p2 of the zoom driver unit 413 are respectively connected to the zoom operation switch 4
2 is connected to the T-side and W-side fixed terminals.

In this case, when a high level "H" signal is supplied to the terminal p1, current flows through the motor 412 in the direction from the terminal q1 to the terminal q2 (shown by the solid line), and the lens 411 rotates in the T direction. Driven. Conversely, when a high level “H” signal is supplied to the terminal p2, the terminal q2
A current flows from the terminal q1 to the motor 412 in the direction from the terminal q1 (shown by a broken line), and the lens 411 is rotationally driven in the W direction. When a high level “H” signal is not supplied to either of the terminals p1 and p2, no current flows in the motor 412, the lens 411 is not rotationally driven in either direction, and its position is maintained. To be done.

The movable terminal of the zoom operation switch 42 is connected to the power supply terminal. Operation button 5 of the cabinet 1 described above
When pressing T or 5W, the zoom operation switch 42 is connected to the T side and the W side, respectively. Zoom operation switch 4
When 2 is connected to the T side and the W side, a high level “H” signal is supplied to the terminals p1 and p2 of the zoom driver unit 413, and zoom adjustment is performed in the TELE direction and the WIDE direction.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of color coding of the image pickup device 12. As shown in the figure, field reading is performed. In the A field, charges are mixed in pairs such as A1 and A2, and in the B field, charges are mixed in pairs such as B1 and B2. Then, from the horizontal shift register Hreg, A1, A2, ...
.. in the order of B, B1, B2, ...

Here, the order of charges a, b, ... Is (Cy +) in line A1 as shown in FIG.
G), (Ye + Mg), ..., (Cy + Mg), (Ye + G), ... on the A2 line, and (G + Cy), (Mg + Y) on the B1 line.
e), ..., and in the B2 line, (Mg +
Cy), (G + Ye), ...

The charges output from the image pickup device 12 as described above are supplied to a CDS circuit (correlated double sampling circuit) 13 and taken out from the CDS circuit 13 as an image pickup signal. By using this CDS circuit 13,
As is well known, reset noise can be reduced.

Timing pulses necessary for the image pickup device 12 and the CDS circuit 13 are supplied from a timing generator 14. The timing generator 14 has 8
Reference clock CK0 of fsc (fsc is color subcarrier frequency)
And the horizontal and vertical sync signals HD and VD are supplied from the sync generator 16. On the other hand, the synchronization generator 1
6 is a clock CK of 4 fsc from the timing generator 14.
1 is supplied.

The image pickup signal output from the CDS circuit 13 is supplied to the level detection circuit 17, and the output signal of the detection circuit 17 is supplied to the iris driver 18. And
The iris driver 18 automatically controls the aperture of the iris 11.

Now, a process for obtaining the luminance signal Y and the chroma signal (color difference signal) from the image pickup signal output from the CDS circuit 13 will be described.

The luminance signal Y is obtained by adding the adjacent signals. In FIG. 4, a + b, b +
The addition signals of c, c + d, d + e, ... Are sequentially formed.

For example, the A1 line is approximated by the following equation. Here, Cy = B + G, Ye = R + G, Mg
= B + R.

Y = {(Cy + G) + (Ye + Mg))} × 1/2 = (2B + 3G + 2R) × 1/2 Further, the A2 line is approximated by the following equation.

Y = {(Cy + Mg) + (Ye + G))} × 1/2 = (2B + 3G + 2R) × 1/2 Other lines of the A field and lines of the B field are similarly approximated.

The chroma signal is obtained by subtracting adjacent signals.

For example, the A1 line is approximated by the following equation.

RY = (Ye + Mg)-(Cy + G) = (2R-G) Further, the A2 line is approximated by the following equation.

-(BY) = (Ye + G)-(Cy-Mg) =-(2B-G) The red difference signal R-Y and the red difference signal R-Y are similarly applied to the other lines of the A field and the line of the B field. The blue difference signal- (BY) is obtained line-sequentially and alternately.

Returning to FIG. 2, the image pickup signal output from the CDS circuit 13 is supplied to the low-pass filter 20 constituting the brightness processing section via the AGC circuit 19. The low-pass filter 20 performs an addition process (averaging) of adjacent signals. Therefore, this low pass filter 2
The luminance signal Y is output from 0.

Further, the image pickup signal output from the AGC circuit 19 is supplied to the sample hold circuits 21 and 22 constituting the chroma processing section. Sample and hold circuit 21,
Sampling pulses SHP1 and SHP2 (illustrated by E and F in FIGS. 5 and 6) are supplied to 22 from the timing generator 14.

From the sample hold circuit 21, (Cy
A continuous signal S1 of + G) or (Cy + Mg) is output and supplied to the subtractor 23 (shown in FIGS. 5B and 6B). From the sample hold circuit 22, (Ye + M
g) or (Ye + G) continuous signal S2 is output and supplied to the subtractor 23 (shown in FIGS. 5C and 6C).

The subtractor 23 subtracts the signal S1 from the signal S2. Therefore, the subtractor 23 outputs the red color difference signal RY and the blue color difference signal-(BY) alternately line-sequentially (shown in FIGS. 5D and 6D).

The color difference signal output from the subtracter 23 is directly supplied to the fixed terminal on the b side of the changeover switch 24 and the fixed terminal on the a side of the changeover switch 25, and has a delay circuit having a delay time of one horizontal period. It is supplied to the fixed terminal on the a side of the changeover switch 24 and the fixed terminal on the b side of the changeover switch 25 via 26.

The changeover of the changeover switches 24 and 25 is controlled by the controller 27. That is, one horizontal period in which the red color difference signal RY is output from the subtractor 23 is b
It is connected to the side a, and on the other hand, it is connected to the side a during one horizontal period in which the blue color difference signal-(BY) is output. The controller 27 is supplied with the synchronization signals HD and VD and the field pulse FD from the synchronization generator 16 as reference synchronization signals, and the clock CK1 from the timing generator 14.

Since the changeover switches 24 and 25 are changed over as described above, the changeover switch 24 outputs the red color difference signal RY in each horizontal period, and the changeover switch 25 outputs the blue color difference signal − (in each horizontal period. BY) is output.

The luminance signal Y output from the low-pass filter 20 and the color difference signals (RY) and-(BY) output from the changeover switches 24 and 25 are supplied to the encoder 28. The encoder 28 is supplied with the composite sync signal SYNC, the blanking signal BLK, the burst flag signal BF and the color subcarrier signal SC from the sync generator 16.

In the encoder 28, as is well known, the synchronizing signal SYNC is added to the luminance signal Y and the chrominance signal is quadrature two-phase modulated to form the carrier color signal C, and the color burst signal is added. .. And
The luminance signal Y and the carrier color signal C are added to obtain NTS.
A C type color video signal is formed.

The color video signal SCV output from the encoder 28 is supplied to the fixed terminal on the side a of the changeover switch 33 and also to the frame memory 34 as a write signal. The video signal SCV ′ read from the frame memory 34 is supplied to the fixed terminal on the b side of the changeover switch 33, and the video signal output from this changeover switch 33 is led to the output terminal 29 via the blanking circuit 31. It

Further, the encoder 28 outputs a monochrome video signal SV (luminance signal Y to which the synchronizing signal SYNC is added), and the monochrome video signal SV is supplied to the electronic viewfinder 30 to display an image pickup screen on a small CRT. To be done.

Next, the changeover operation of the changeover switch 33,
The writing and reading operations of the frame memory 34 and the blanking operation of the blanking circuit 31 will be described. These operations are controlled by the controller 27.

A detection switch 32 for detecting the pressing of the shutter button 7 (see FIG. 1) is connected to the controller 27. When the shutter button 7 is pressed and the detection switch 32 is turned on (shown in FIG. 8B, field pulse FD in FIG. 8A), the frame memory 34 is in the write state in the next one frame period, and the video signal SCV is one frame. The write pulse PW is shown in FIG. 8C.

Then, in the subsequent 45 frame periods, the frame memory 34 is set to the read state, and the same video signal for one frame is repeatedly read (read pulse PR is shown in FIG. 8D).

The changeover switch 33 is a frame memory 34.
Is connected to the b side during the 45-frame period in which the read state is in the read state, and is connected to the a side during the other periods (illustrated in FIG. 8E). Therefore, from the change-over switch 33, the video signal S read from the frame memory 34 for 45 frame periods from the next frame after the shutter button 7 is pressed.
CV 'is output, and in other periods, the real-time video signal SCV output from the encoder 28 is output (shown in FIG. 8F). The video signal SCV ′ is the video signal S for the next one frame period when the shutter button 7 is pressed.
It is a repeating signal of CV.

The 45-frame period is divided into 3 periods TA, TB and TC each of which is 15 frame periods, the blanking circuit 31 is made to operate in the first and last periods TA and TC, and is blanked in the intermediate period TB. The blanking operation of the ranking circuit 31 is stopped.

FIG. 9B shows an example of the pattern of the blanking signal SBLK in the period TA. The blanking signal SBLK is formed in synchronization with the field pulse FD (shown in FIG. 9A).

In the odd field of the first frame, the blanking period is 9H from the beginning (H is a horizontal period) and 8.5H from the end, and in the even field, the period from 8.5H to 9H from the beginning is the blanking period. .. Less than,
In the 2nd to 14th frames, the first and last blanking periods of each field are sequentially increased by 9H. And
In the fifteenth frame, the entire period is the blanking period (see the high level period in FIG. 9B).

Further, FIG. 9D shows an example of the pattern of the blanking signal SBLK in the period TC.
The blanking signal SBLK is a field pulse FD (see FIG. 9).
(Shown in C). In the first frame, the entire period is the blanking period. 126H from the beginning and 12 from the end in the odd field of the second frame
12 hours from the beginning in the even field during the period of 5.5H
The period of 5.5H and 126H from the end is the blanking period. Then, in the third to fifteenth frames, the first and last blanking periods of each field are sequentially reduced by 9H (see the high level period of FIG. 9D).

The blanking circuit 31 operates during the blanking period indicated by the blanking signal SBLK, and the video signal output from the changeover switch 33 is not led to the output terminal 29. Therefore, the image obtained by the video signal at the output terminal 29 has the blanking area changed as shown by the hatching in FIG. 10, and the shutter effect is added.

That is, the first to the first which constitute the period TA
In 5 frames (0.5 sec), the blanking area gradually increases from the upper and lower sides of the screen toward the center, and finally the entire screen becomes the blanking area,
The effect of shutter-in is added. On the other hand, in the first to fifteenth frames (0.5 sec) forming the period TC,
The blanking area is gradually removed from the center of the screen toward the upper side and the lower side, and the shutter-out effect is added.

As described above, in this example, when the shutter button 7 is pressed to release the shutter of the photo camera, the shutter effect is added to the video signal obtained at the output terminal 29 in the periods TA and TC. Therefore, VT
At the time of reproducing the video signal in R, it is possible to easily know from the screen to which the shutter effect has been added what picture of the screen was taken by the photo camera.

In the period TB between the periods TA and TC, the operation of the blanking circuit 31 is stopped and the video signal from the changeover switch 33 is led to the output terminal 29 as it is. The video signal from the change-over switch 33 in this period TB is the video signal SCV 'read from the frame memory 34, which is a repetitive signal of the video signal SCV in the next one frame period when the shutter button 7 is pressed. Therefore, when playing back the video signal on the VTR,
You can check the screen shot with a photo camera with a still image.

In the above embodiment, the shutter-in effect and the shutter-out effect are provided with 15 frames (0.5 sec), but the number of frames used is not limited to this. Also,
The blanking region gradually increases from the upper side and the lower side toward the center and is gradually removed from the center toward the upper side and the lower side, but may change in other patterns. The number of used frames and the change pattern of the blanking area can be easily changed by changing the pattern of the blanking signal SBLK.

Further, in the above embodiment, the frame memory 34 is used for writing the video signal SCV, but it is also possible to use a field memory for writing one field. Further, the arrangement positions of the memory 34 and the changeover switch 33 are the encoder 2
8 may be provided, and in that case, it is necessary to dispose corresponding to each of the luminance signal Y and the color difference signals R-Y,-(B-Y).

In the above embodiment, the period TA,
Even in TC, the video signal SCV ′ read from the frame memory 34 is used as the output video signal, but the real-time video signal SCV from the encoder 28 may be used during this period.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, when the shutter button 7 is pressed, the shutter effect is always applied, but a means for selecting whether or not to apply the shutter effect may be provided.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the video camera and the photo camera are integrated, but the invention can be similarly applied to the type in which a separate photo camera is fixed to the video camera for use. it can. In this case, it is necessary to detect that the shutter button of the photo camera is pressed by some means.

Although the above-described embodiment is applied to a video camera which obtains a color video signal of NTSC system, it goes without saying that it can be similarly applied to a video camera which obtains a video signal of another system.

[0061]

According to the present invention, since the output video signal is blanked so that the blanking area gradually increases and then gradually decreases for each screen, the shutter is operated for the output video signal. It is possible to add a special effect indicating. In addition, since the video signal for one screen is repeatedly read from the image memory for a predetermined period before increasing and then decreasing the blanking area, and this is output without blanking, the screen during shutter operation is displayed as a still image. Can be confirmed as

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a video camera unit.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of color coding.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an output of a horizontal output register.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining color signal processing.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining color signal processing.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a zoom driver.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining operations of a frame memory and a changeover switch.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a pattern of a blanking signal.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing changes in a blanking area.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cabinet 2, 3 Imaging Lens 4 Eye Cup 5T, 5W Zoom Operation Button 6 Recording Button 7 Shutter Button 12 CCD Solid State Imaging Device 14 Timing Generator 16 Synchronization Generator 20 Low Pass Filter 21 and 22 Sample Hold Circuit 23 Subtractor 24, 25 Changeover switch 26 Delay circuit 27 Controller 28 Encoder 29 Output terminal 30 Electronic viewfinder 31 Blanking circuit 32 Detection switch 33 Changeover switch 34 Frame memory

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A blanking area setting means for setting a blanking area to gradually increase and then gradually decreasing for each screen, and an image memory for storing one screen of an imaged video signal during shutter operation. A blanking means for blanking the output video signal from the signal selecting means; and a blanking means for blanking the output video signal from the image memory. The output video signal is blanked by the blanking means in correspondence with the blanking area set by the area setting means, and the blanking area is increased and then decreased for a predetermined period before the image memory corresponds to one screen. The video signal is repeatedly read, and the read video signal from the image memory is read by the signal selecting means. -Option, and a video camera, characterized by further stop blanking operation of said blanking means.