JP3043834B2 - Video camera - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a video camera.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art By using a video camera, it is possible to capture a still image in addition to a moving image. However, the resolution of the video camera is lower than the resolution of the photo camera,
Often, you want to use a photo camera with your video camera. For example, it is conceivable to fix the photo camera to the video camera and operate the shutter of the photo camera while capturing a moving image with the video camera.

[0003]

When operating the shutter of a photo camera, it is convenient if a special effect indicating that the shutter has been operated can be added to the output video signal of the video camera. For example, when a video signal is reproduced on a VTR, it is possible to easily know what kind of screen picture exists.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a video camera capable of giving a special effect to the output video signal indicating that the shutter has been operated.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a blanking region setting means for setting a blanking region to gradually increase and thereafter gradually decrease for each screen, and a blanking region for blanking an output video signal. And means,
The output video signal is blanked by the blanking means corresponding to the blanking area set by the blanking area setting means.

[0006]

The output video signal is blanked so that the blanking area gradually increases and then gradually decreases for each screen, and a special effect indicating that the shutter has been operated can be given to the output video signal.

[0007]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this example, a video camera and a photo camera are integrally formed. In this example, an NTSC color video signal is obtained from a video camera unit.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cabinet. Although not shown, the cabinet 1 contains a video camera unit including an image sensor, a signal processing circuit, and the like, and a photo camera unit including a film loading mechanism, a film driving mechanism, and the like.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an imaging lens of a video camera unit,
Reference numeral 3 denotes an imaging lens of the photo camera unit. That is, the optical systems of the video camera unit and the photo camera unit are configured separately. The focal length f of the imaging lens 2 is 7 mm to 42 m
A 6 × m zoom lens is used. On the other hand, as the imaging lens 3, a fixed focal length lens having a focal length f of 55 mm is used.

In the present embodiment, an electronic view finder made of a small CRT is provided in the cabinet 1.
A screen captured by the video camera unit via the imaging lens 2 is displayed on the RT. 4 is an eyecup. In addition,
There is no finder for directly checking the screen imaged by the photo camera unit via the imaging lens 3.

Reference numerals 5T and 5W denote zoom operation buttons for performing zoom operations in the TELE direction and the WIDE direction, respectively. Reference numeral 6 denotes a recording button for performing an operation of recording an imaged video signal output from the video camera unit on a VTR, and reference numeral 7 denotes a shutter button of the photo camera unit. Reference numeral 8 denotes a film rewind operation button.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the video camera unit. Image light from a subject is supplied via an imaging lens 2 and an iris 11 to a single-chip CCD solid-state imaging device 12 having complementary color checkerboard color filters.

The zoom magnification of the imaging lens 2 is adjusted by a zoom driver 41. FIG. 7 shows a specific configuration of the zoom driver 41. In the figure,
Reference numeral 411 denotes a lens constituting the imaging lens 2 for adjusting a zoom magnification. By moving the position of this lens 411 back and forth by rotational driving,
The zoom magnification is adjusted. For example, by rotating to the T side, it is adjusted in the TELE direction, and by rotating to the W side, it is adjusted in the WIDE direction.

The rotation of the lens 411 is performed by a DC motor 412. One end and the other end of the motor 412 are connected to output terminals q1 and q2 of the zoom driver 413, respectively. The input terminals p1 and p2 of the zoom driver unit 413 are respectively connected to the zoom operation switch 4
2 are connected to the fixed terminals on the T and W sides.

In this case, when a high-level "H" signal is supplied to the terminal p1, a current flows through the motor 412 in the direction from the terminal q1 to the terminal q2 (shown by a solid line), and the lens 411 rotates in the T direction. Driven. Conversely, when a high-level "H" signal is supplied to the terminal p2, the terminal q2
, A current flows to the motor 412 in the direction of the terminal q1 (shown by a broken line), and the lens 411 is driven to rotate in the W direction. When a high-level "H" signal is not supplied to either of the terminals p1 and p2, no current flows through the motor 412, the lens 411 is not driven to rotate in any direction, and the position is maintained. Is done.

The movable terminal of the zoom operation switch 42 is connected to a power supply terminal. Operation button 5 of cabinet 1 described above
When pressing T and 5W, the zoom operation switch 42 is connected to the T side and the W side, respectively. Zoom operation switch 4
When 2 is connected to the T side and the W side, a high-level "H" signal is supplied to terminals p1 and p2 of the zoom driver unit 413, respectively, and zoom adjustment is performed in the TELE direction and the WIDE direction.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the color coding of the image pickup device 12. As shown in the figure, field reading is performed. In the A field, charges are mixed in pairs such as A1 and A2, and in the B field, B1 and B2 are mixed.
Charges are mixed in pairs such as 2. Then, from the horizontal shift register Hreg, A1, A in the A field
.., B1, B2,...
The charges are output in the order of.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the order of the charges a, b,... Is (Cy +
G), (Ye + Mg),..., (Cy + Mg), (Ye + G),... In the A2 line, and (G + Cy), (Mg + Y) in the B1 line.
e),..., and (Mg +
Cy), (G + Ye),.

The charges output from the image pickup device 12 as described above are supplied to a CDS circuit (correlated double sampling circuit) 13 and extracted from the CDS circuit 13 as an image pickup signal. By using this CDS circuit 13,
As is well known, reset noise can be reduced.

Timing pulses required by the image pickup device 12 and the CDS circuit 13 are supplied from a timing generator 14. The timing generator 14 has 8
fsc (fsc is the color subcarrier frequency) reference clock CK0
, And horizontal and vertical synchronization signals HD and VD are supplied from the synchronization generator 16. On the other hand, synchronization generator 1
6 is a clock CK of 4 fsc from the timing generator 14.
1 is supplied.

An image signal output from the CDS circuit 13 is supplied to a level detection circuit 17, and an output signal of the detection circuit 17 is supplied to an iris driver 18. And
The iris of the iris 11 is automatically controlled by the iris driver 18.

Here, a process for obtaining a luminance signal Y and a chroma signal (color difference signal) from the image pickup signal output from the CDS circuit 13 will be described.

The luminance signal Y is obtained by adding adjacent signals. In FIG. 4, a + b, b +
An added signal of c, c + d, d + e,... is sequentially formed.

For example, the A1 line is approximated by the following equation. Here, Cy = B + G, Ye = R + G, Mg
= B + R.

Y = {(Cy + G) + (Ye + Mg)) × 1/2 = (2B + 3G + 2R) × 1/2 Further, the A2 line is approximated by the following equation.

Y = {(Cy + Mg) + (Ye + G)) × 1/2 = (2B + 3G + 2R) × 1/2 Other lines in the A field and lines in the B field are similarly approximated.

The chroma signal is obtained by subtracting adjacent signals.

For example, the A1 line is approximated by the following equation.

R−Y = (Ye + Mg) − (Cy + G) = (2R−G) Further, the A2 line is approximated by the following equation.

− (B−Y) = (Ye + G) − (Cy−Mg) = − (2B−G) The other lines in the A field and the lines in the B field are similarly processed in the red color difference signals RY and RY. The blue difference signal-(BY) is obtained alternately in a line-sequential manner.

Returning to FIG. 2, the image signal output from the CDS circuit 13 is supplied to a low-pass filter 20 constituting a luminance processing unit via an AGC circuit 19. The low-pass filter 20 performs an addition process (averaging) of adjacent signals. Therefore, this low-pass filter 2
From 0, a luminance signal Y is output.

The image signal output from the AGC circuit 19 is supplied to sample and hold circuits 21 and 22 constituting a chroma processing unit. Sample and hold circuit 21,
Sampling pulses SHP1 and SHP2 (illustrated by E and F in FIGS. 5 and 6) are supplied from the timing generator 14 to 22.

From the sample and hold circuit 21, (Cy
+ G) or (Cy + Mg) continuous signal S1 is output and supplied to the subtractor 23 (shown in FIGS. 5B and 6B). From the sample and hold circuit 22, (Ye + M
g) or a continuous signal S2 of (Ye + G) is output and supplied to the subtractor 23 (shown in FIGS. 5C and 6C).

In the subtractor 23, the signal S1 is subtracted from the signal S2. Therefore, the subtractor 23 outputs the red difference signal RY and the blue difference signal-(BY), respectively, in a line-sequential manner (illustrated in FIGS. 5D and 6D).

The color difference signal output from the subtractor 23 is supplied to the fixed terminal b of the direct changeover switch 24 and the fixed terminal a of the changeover switch 25, and has a delay time of one horizontal period. The signal is supplied to the fixed terminal on the a side of the changeover switch 24 and the fixed terminal on the b side of the changeover switch 25 via 26.

The switching of the changeover switches 24 and 25 is controlled by the controller 27. That is, one horizontal period during which the red difference signal RY is output from the subtractor 23 is b.
, While one horizontal period during which the blue difference signal-(BY) is output is connected to the a side. The controller 27 is supplied with the synchronization signals HD and VD and the field pulse FD from the synchronization generator 16 as a reference synchronization signal, and is also supplied with a clock CK1 from the timing generator 14.

Since the changeover switches 24 and 25 are switched as described above, the changeover switch 24 outputs the red color difference signal RY in each horizontal period, and the changeover switch 25 outputs the blue color difference signal-() in each horizontal period. BY) is output.

The luminance signal Y output from the low-pass filter 20 and the color difference signals (RY) and-(BY) output from the changeover switches 24 and 25 are supplied to an encoder 28. The encoder 28 is supplied with a composite synchronization signal SYNC, a blanking signal BLK, a burst flag signal BF, and a color subcarrier signal SC from the synchronization generator 16.

In the encoder 28, as is well known, a synchronizing signal SYNC is added to the luminance signal Y, a quadrature two-phase modulation is applied to the color difference signal to form a carrier chrominance signal C, and a color burst signal is added. . And
The luminance signal Y and the carrier chrominance signal C are added to form an NTS signal.
A color video signal of the C system is formed. Thus, the color video signal SCV output from the encoder 28
Is output to the output terminal 29 via the blanking circuit 31.

The encoder 28 outputs a black-and-white video signal SV (a luminance signal Y to which a synchronizing signal SYNC is added). The black-and-white video signal SV is supplied to an electronic viewfinder 30 to display an image on a small CRT. Is done.

Next, the blanking operation of the blanking circuit 31 will be described. The operation of the blanking circuit 31 is controlled by the controller 27.

The controller 27 is connected to a detection switch 32 for detecting pressing of the shutter button 7 (see FIG. 1). When the shutter switch 7 is pressed and the detection switch 32 is turned on, a blanking signal SBLK is formed by the controller 27 for a period of 30 frames from the next frame.
It is supplied to the blanking circuit 31.

FIG. 8 shows an example of the pattern of the blanking signal SBLK. The blanking signal SBLK is formed in synchronization with the field pulse FD (shown in FIGS. 8A and 8C).

In the odd field of the first frame, the blanking period is 9H from the beginning (H is a horizontal period) and 8.5H from the end, and in the even field is 8.5H from the beginning and 9H from the end. . Less than,
In the second to fourteenth frames, the first and last blanking periods of each field are sequentially increased by 9H. And
In the fifteenth frame, the entire period is a blanking period (see the high-level period in FIG. 8B).

In the sixteenth frame, the entire period is a blanking period. In the odd field of the 17th frame, the blanking period is the period from the beginning to 126H and from the end to 125.5H, and the even field to the period from the beginning to the beginning is 125.5H and from the end to 126H. Then, in the 18th to 30th frames, the first and last blanking periods of each field are sequentially reduced by 9H (see the high level period in FIG. 8D).

The blanking circuit 31 operates during the blanking period indicated by the blanking signal SBLK, and the color video signal SCV is not output to the output terminal 29. Therefore, the image based on the color video signal obtained at the output terminal 29 has a blanking area that changes as shown by hatching in FIG. 9 and has a shutter effect.

That is, during the shutter-in period (0.5 sec) of the first to fifteenth frames, the blanking area gradually increases from the upper and lower sides of the screen toward the center, and finally the entire screen Becomes a blanking area, and a shutter-in effect is provided. The following 16th
The shutter-out period of the 30th frame (0.5 sec.
In c), the blanking region is gradually removed from the center of the screen toward the upper side and the lower side, and a shutter-out effect is provided.

As described above, in this example, when the shutter button 7 is pressed and the shutter of the photo camera is released, a period of 30 frames from the next frame (1 sec.)
The shutter effect is given to the color video signal obtained at the output terminal 29 using c). Therefore, when a video signal is reproduced by the VTR, it is possible to easily know what kind of screen picture was taken with the photo camera from the screen to which the shutter effect was added.

In the above-described embodiment, the shutter effect is provided by 30 frames (1 second), but the number of frames used is not limited to this. The blanking area gradually increases from the upper side and the lower side toward the center, and is gradually removed from the center toward the upper side and the lower side. However, the blanking area may be changed in other patterns. Good. The change pattern of the number of used frames and the blanking area is
The pattern of the blanking signal SBLK can be easily changed by changing the pattern.

In the above embodiment, when the shutter button 7 is pressed, the color video signal SCV is always output.
Is provided with a shutter effect, but means for selecting whether or not to provide the shutter effect may be provided.

In the above embodiment, the video camera and the photo camera are integrated. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a type in which a separate photo camera is fixed to the video camera. it can. In this case, it is necessary to detect that the shutter button of the photo camera is pressed by some means.

Although the above-described embodiment has been applied to a video camera for obtaining an NTSC color video signal, it is needless to say that the same can be applied to a video camera for obtaining a video signal of another system.

[0053]

According to the present invention, since the output video signal is blanked so that the blanking area gradually increases for each screen and then gradually decreases, the shutter is operated on the output video signal. Can be easily imparted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a video camera unit.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of color coding.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an output of a horizontal output register.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining color signal processing.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining color signal processing.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a zoom driver.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a pattern of a blanking signal.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a change in a blanking area.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 cabinet 2, 3 imaging lens 4 eye cup 5T, 5W zoom operation button 6 recording button 7 shutter button 12 CCD solid-state imaging device 14 timing generator 16 synchronization generator 20 low-pass filter 21, 22 sample hold circuit 23 subtractor 24, 25 Switch 26 delay circuit 27 controller 28 encoder 29 output terminal 30 electronic viewfinder 31 blanking circuit 32 detection switch

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A blanking area setting means for setting a blanking area to gradually increase and then gradually decrease for each screen; and a blanking means for blanking an output video signal. A video camera, wherein the output video signal is blanked by the blanking means corresponding to a blanking area set by an area setting means.