JPH05104511A - Method and apparatus for applying mortar - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To apply mortar evenly and save labor in the application. CONSTITUTION:Mortar (M) of proper quantity is fed onto the surface (Ba) of a base substance (B), and a metering trowel (2) with recesses and projections (2a) formed in the combed state at its end edge is moved while being brought into contact with a base surface (Ma) to form a strip-shaped mortar (Ma), and the mortar surface is smoothed and flattened by using a disposing trowel (3) with a linear edge.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mortar application method and a mortar application apparatus for applying mortar for tile attachment to the surface of a substrate such as a foam concrete plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a building material, there is a tile panel in which tiles are attached to the surface of a substrate made of foam concrete plate or the like. The tile panel is manufactured by attaching a tile to the surface of the substrate with mortar and curing and curing the mortar.

Mortar is applied to the back of the tile, or
Alternatively, it is applied to the surface of the substrate. This mortar application is performed manually using a flat iron. By the way, in order to surely attach the tile to the substrate and form a uniform surface with no unevenness on the tile surface, it is necessary to make the coating amount of the mortar uniform.

[0004]

However, it is difficult to apply mortar uniformly by manual work using a flat iron. Therefore, there is a problem that the tile cannot be surely attached to the substrate, or the tile surface having irregularities is finished.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides
An object of the present invention is to provide a coating method capable of easily uniformly coating mortar and a coating apparatus capable of saving labor in coating work.

[0006]

A first means adopted by the present invention is to supply an appropriate amount of mortar to the surface of a substrate and to attach a weighing iron having a comb-shaped unevenness on the tip edge to the surface of the substrate. The mortar application method is characterized in that the mortar is formed in a streak shape by moving while being in contact with the mortar, and the surface of the mortar is flattened by a straightening iron having a straight tip edge.

The second means adopted by the present invention is characterized in that a measuring trowel portion having a comb-like tip edge and a straightening trowel portion having a linear tip edge are juxtaposed at appropriate intervals. This is a mortar coating device.

A third means adopted by the present invention is characterized in that a mortar coating unit having a comb-shaped tip is provided at the opening side of the coating port formed in the mortar hopper. It is a device.

A fourth means adopted by the present invention is a mortar hopper which is provided with a substrate transfer path and a coating port which is disposed above the transfer path so as to be movable up and down and faces the transfer path. The mortar applicator is characterized in that the mortar hopper is provided with a comb-like weighing iron at the opening side of the application opening of the mortar hopper.

A fifth means adopted by the present invention is the fourth means.
The mortar applicator in which the flattening trowel part having a linear tip edge is arranged outside the measuring trowel part.

[0011]

In the first means, when the measuring iron is moved while making contact with the surface of the substrate to which an appropriate amount of mortar is supplied, the comb of the measuring iron is formed on the surface of the substrate through which the measuring iron has passed. A streak-like mortar corresponding to the irregularities of the shape is formed. The stripe-shaped mortar has a constant coating amount per unit area of the surface of the substrate. Therefore, the mortar can be metered by simply moving the metering iron. When the leveling trowel is moved so as to press the streak-like mortar, the streak-like ridges are crushed and the mortar surface becomes flat.

In the second means, the weighing iron is brought into contact with the surface of the substrate to which an appropriate amount of mortar has been supplied, and is moved in the direction from the leveling iron to the weighing iron. Then, once the streak-shaped mortar corresponding to the comb-shaped irregularities of the weighing iron is formed on the surface of the substrate, the streak-shaped ridges are crushed by the flattening iron to be contacted next and flattened. A mortar coating layer is formed. The stripe-shaped mortar has a constant coating amount per unit area of the surface of the substrate. Therefore, the flattened mortar coating layer has a constant thickness.

In the third means, the mortar supplied to the mortar hopper is applied to the surface of the substrate from the application port by moving the trowel portion while contacting the tip edge of the weighing iron with the surface of the substrate. After that, the strips are formed on the surface of the substrate in the form of streaks corresponding to the comb-shaped irregularities of the weighing iron. The stripe-shaped mortar has a constant coating amount per unit area of the surface of the substrate. Therefore, the mortar is metered on the surface of the substrate only by moving the coating device on the surface of the substrate.

In the fourth means, when the substrate passes through the transport path, the tip edge of the weighing iron unit comes into contact with the surface of the substrate.
The mortar supplied to the mortar hopper is applied to the surface of the substrate from the application port, and then is formed on the surface of the substrate in the form of streaks corresponding to the comb-shaped irregularities of the weighing iron.
The stripe-shaped mortar has a constant coating amount per unit area of the surface of the substrate. Therefore, the mortar is metered on the surface of the substrate only by moving the substrate.

In the fifth means, the mountain portion of the streak-like mortar is flattened and crushed by the trowel portion, so that the surface of the mortar becomes flat.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the mortar coating method according to the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view showing a state in which mortar is formed in a streak shape on the surface of a substrate with a weighing iron. Figure,
(B) is a perspective view showing a state in which the surface of the mortar is flattened with a leveling iron.

The first step is to carry in a substrate B made of a foam concrete plate or the like at a predetermined coating work position.
The water content of the surface Ba of the substrate B is adjusted to a state suitable for mortar application.

The second step is to disperse and supply the mortar M onto the surface Ba of the substrate with an appropriate mortar supply tool (not shown) such as a ladle.

In the third step, the strip-shaped mortar M is moved by bringing the weighing iron 2 of the composite iron 1 into contact with the surface Ba of the substrate while bringing the weighing iron 2 into contact therewith.
a, Ma ... The composite trowel 1 is made of a steel plate or a synthetic resin plate, and the tip trowel has comb-shaped irregularities 2
A weighing iron 2 made of a is formed, a linear leveling iron 3 is formed on the other end edge, and a handle 4 is provided at the center.

If the width dimension of the substrate B is larger than the width dimension of the weighing iron 2, the work is repeated for each width dimension of the weighing iron 2,
Striation-shaped mortars Ma, Ma ... Are formed on the entire surface Ba of the substrate. The extra mortar M scraped with the weighing iron 2 is
It is removed from the front surface Ba of the substrate and used for coating the next substrate B.

Since the striped mortars Ma, Ma ... Correspond to the comb-shaped irregularities 2a of the weighing iron 2, the coating amount per unit area of the substrate surface Ba is constant. Therefore, the mortar M is metered and applied only by moving the metering iron 2.

In the fourth step, streak-like mortars Ma, Ma ...
That is, the flattening trowel 3 is moved so as to press to form a flat mortar layer Mb. Mortar coating layer Mb
Has a constant thickness T because the coating amount of the striped mortars Ma, Ma ... Is constant as described above.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the mortar coating apparatus according to the present invention. The mortar coating device 10 includes a substrate 11 made of a steel plate, a synthetic resin plate, or the like.
A branch plate 14 extending from the substrate 11, a handle 15 attached to the substrate 11, and guides 16, 16 provided on the front side of the substrate 11 as needed.

The substrate 11 has a weighing iron 12 made of comb-shaped irregularities 12a at the edge thereof. The branch plate 14 has a linear leveling trowel portion 13 formed at its tip edge. The weighing trowel part 12 and the leveling trowel part 13 are juxtaposed with an appropriate interval L.

The guide tool 16 includes a bracket 17 protruding from the base plate 11, a support rod 18 attached to the bracket 17, and a guide wheel 19 pivotally supported at the lower end of the support rod 18.
The height of the guide wheel 19 can be adjusted. The guide wheel 19 has an outer peripheral edge 19a formed at an acute angle so that the guide wheel 19 easily bites into the mortar M. The guides 16 and 16 can keep the inclination angle θ of the weighing iron 12 with respect to the substrate surface Ba and the gap S between the substrate surface Ba and the leveling iron 13 constant.

Next, the operation of the mortar coating apparatus 10 will be described based on the mortar coating method. First, the substrate surface Ba
Is supplied with an appropriate amount of mortar M. Next, the mortar coating device 10 is placed on the substrate surface Ba, and the weighing trowel 12 and the guide wheels 19 and 19 contact the substrate surface Ba.
Subsequently, the operator holds the handle 15 and moves the mortar coating device 10 in the arrow D direction from the leveling iron 13 to the weighing iron 12.
To move.

Then, the weighing trowel portion 12 is provided on the substrate surface Ba.
Streak-shaped mortar Ma corresponding to the comb-shaped irregularities 12a of
After the Ma ... is once formed, the leveling trowel part 13 to be contacted next
The streaky peaks are crushed by and a flat mortar coating layer Mb is formed. The stripe-shaped mortars Ma, Ma ... Have a constant coating amount per unit area of the substrate surface Ba. Therefore, the flattened mortar coating layer Mb is
It has a constant thickness T.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the mortar coating apparatus according to the present invention. The mortar applicator 20 includes a mortar hopper 21 and a hopper 2.
It is composed of a handle 25 attached to No. 1 and an appropriate number of guide tools 26 attached to the hopper 21.

The hopper 21 is made of a steel plate or a synthetic resin plate or the like, has an application port 23 at the lower end, and an opening side portion 23.
a, a weighing trowel part 2 having a comb-shaped irregularity 22a at the tip edge
Two are provided.

The guide tool 26 comprises a support rod 28 attached to the hopper 21 and a guide wheel 29 pivotally supported at the lower end of the support rod 28, and the height of the guide wheel 29 can be adjusted. .. The guide tool 26 can keep the inclination angle θ of the weighing iron 12 with respect to the substrate surface Ba constant.

Next, the operation of the mortar coating device 20 will be described based on the mortar coating method. First, the mortar coating device 20 is placed on the substrate surface Ba, and the mortar M is put into the hopper 21. Next, the operator pushes the grip 15 in the direction of arrow E to move the mortar coating device 20. Then, the mortar application device 20 moves while abutting the tip edge of the weighing trowel portion 22.

Mortar M supplied to the hopper 21
After being applied to the substrate surface Ba from the application port 23, it is formed on the substrate surface Ba in a streak shape corresponding to the comb-shaped irregularities 22a of the weighing trowel portion 22. Streaky mortar Ma, Ma
Is a constant amount of coating per unit area of the substrate surface Ba. Therefore, the mortar M can be moved by simply moving the mortar coating device 20 on the substrate surface Ba.
It will be metered onto a.

If a high back leg is provided on the back side of the tile (not shown), a streak-like mortar Ma,
The tiles can be pasted as Ma. This is because when the tiles are pressed onto the mortars Ma, Ma ..., some or all of the mortar Ma is pressed by the back legs of the tiles and easily moves into the groove formed between the back legs. ..

(Fourth Embodiment) FIGS. 4 to 6 show an embodiment of a mortar coating apparatus according to the present invention.
Is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 5 is a side view, and FIG. 6 is a plan view.

The mortar coating device 30 includes a substrate carrying path R, a mortar hopper 31 which is arranged above the carrying path R so as to be movable up and down, and a leveling trowel portion 33 which is juxtaposed in front of the hopper 31. Is equipped with.

The transport path R is provided with transport rollers 34, 34.
It consists of ... The transport roller 34 is horizontally mounted on the pedestals 35, 35 arranged on both the left and right sides, and transports the substrate B at an appropriate speed by forced driving. Guide guides 36, 36 (see FIG. 6) are arranged on both left and right sides of the transport path R so that the substrate B does not meander.

The hopper 31 is vertically guided by mounts 38, 38 arranged on both left and right sides, guide shafts 39, 39 ... Standing on the mounts 38, 38, and guide shafts 39, 39. It consists of a hopper body 40. Hopper body 40
Is a front and rear plate 4 inclined downward in the transport direction (arrow F direction).
1, 42 and the left and right side plates 4 that join the front and rear plates 41, 42
3, 44, and an application port 45 is opened at the lower end.

The applicator port 45 is provided with a weighing trowel part 32 having a comb-shaped unevenness 32a at the front edge on the front side of the opening. The weighing trowel portion 32 is formed integrally with or separately from the front plate 41.

The hopper main body 40 includes the left and right side plates 43,
Brackets 47, 47 ... Each bracket 47 has an insertion hole 48 through which the guide rod 39 is inserted.
Is pierced and is pressed downward by a pressing tool 49 composed of a compression coil spring fitted on the guide rod 39. A pressure adjusting nut 50 for adjusting the pressing force of the pressing tool 49 is screwed onto the guide shaft 39. Pressing the hopper body 40 downward is
As the pressure of the mortar M introduced into the hopper body 40 rises near the application port 45, the hopper body 4
This is because 0 is prevented from rising.

Although not shown in the figure, a structure for vertically moving the hopper main body 40 by a link mechanism is adopted in addition to guiding by the guide shaft 39, although not shown. It is also possible. Further, the pressing tool 49 of the hopper main body 40 may be of a compression coil spring type, although not shown in the drawing, but may be a type of pressing with an air cylinder.

On the rear side of the hopper body 40, a guide tool 5
6, 56 are provided. Each guide 56 includes a bracket 57 protruding from the hopper body 40 and a bracket 5
The upper and lower position adjusters 58 are provided on the 7 so as to be movable back and forth, and the guide wheel 59 pivotally supported by the upper and lower position adjusters 58. The height position of the guide wheel 59 is adjusted so that the weighing iron 32
Substrate surface B so that the leading edge 32a of the unevenness of
The tip edge 32a is lightly brought into contact with a.

The leveling trowel portion 33 provided in parallel on the front side of the hopper 31 is arranged so as to be vertically movable with respect to the hopper body 40, and the gap S between the substrate surface Ba can be adjusted. An appropriate number of vibrators 55 are arranged at appropriate locations on the leveling trowel portion 33 and / or the hopper body 40. The vibrator 55 causes thixotropic change in the mortar M due to the vibration, and expresses fluidity.

The hopper body 40 has an interior 40a.
An adjusting plate 53 for adjusting the coating width W of the coating port 45,
53 is arranged so as to move along the transverse direction (direction of arrow H) so that the coating width W can be changed quickly. Although not shown, the adjusting plate 53 is not shown in the drawing.
It is also possible to adopt a slide plate type or the like in which both the left and right sides of 5 are appropriately covered by the width dimension.

Above the hopper 31, a discharge port 61 of the mortar supply device 60 is arranged. Hopper 3
A mortar recovery conveyor 62 for receiving and recovering the non-coated mortar is disposed below 1 in the transverse direction (arrow H direction). The collected monetary is returned to the mortar supply device 60.

Next, the state of mortar application using the mortar application device 30 will be described. The substrate B is transported by driving the transport rollers 34, 34, and the hopper main body 40 is placed so that the guide wheels 59, 59 come into contact with the front surface Ba of the substrate B being transported for preparation.

Next, the discharge port 6 of the mortar supply device 60
The mortar M is supplied to the inside 40a of the hopper body 40 from a predetermined amount one by one. The supplied mortar M collects in the hopper main body 40, and the vibration of the vibrators 55, 55 improves the fluidity thereof. The mortar M from the coating port 45 of the hopper main body 40 adheres to the substrate surface Ba and is scraped off by the uneven portions 32 of the weighing trowel portion 32 as the substrate B is conveyed to form streak-shaped mortars Ma, Ma. Substrate surface Ba
Applied to.

The striped mortars Ma, Ma ... are formed into a flat mortar coating layer Mb by squeezing the striped ridges by the leveling iron 33 as the substrate B is transported. The stripe-shaped mortars Ma, Ma ... Have a constant coating amount per unit area of the substrate surface Ba. Therefore, the flattened mortar coating layer Mb has a constant thickness T.

Since the hopper 31 is arranged so as to be able to move up and down, even if the thickness of the substrate B varies, the guide wheels 59, 5 are provided.
This variation in thickness is tracked via 9 and the gap T between the leveling iron 33 and the substrate B is always maintained at a constant value.

The leveling trowel portion 33 can be omitted. When the leveling trowel portion 33 is omitted, only streak-like mortars Ma, Ma ... Are formed on the substrate surface Ba.

[0050]

As described above in detail, the present invention has the following excellent effects. With the first means, simply by moving the weighing iron,
Since mortar is metered in, the mortar layer obtained by smoothing with a leveling iron has a uniform thickness. Therefore, according to the present invention, a mortar layer having a uniform thickness can be obtained without requiring a high degree of skill, and tiles can be reliably adhered and a uniform tile surface without unevenness can be formed.

In the second means, streak-like mortar is once formed on the surface of the substrate by means of a trowel, and then the streak-like ridges are crushed by the leveling trowel to apply flat mortar with a constant thickness. Form in layers. Therefore, a mortar coating layer having a constant thickness can be simply and quickly obtained by moving the mortar coating device once. As a result, the present invention can save labor in the coating work.

In the third means, after the mortar supplied to the mortar hopper is applied to the surface of the substrate through the application port, it becomes streaky corresponding to the comb-like irregularities of the weighing iron. Formed on the surface of the substrate. Therefore, by simply moving the mortar coating device on the surface of the substrate, it is possible to easily and quickly obtain the striped mortar that has been metered and coated. As a result, the present invention can save labor in the coating work.

In the fourth means, the mortar supplied to the mortar hopper is applied to the surface of the substrate through the application port and then formed into streaks corresponding to the comb-like irregularities of the weighing iron. Formed on the surface of the substrate. Therefore, by simply moving the substrate, the streak-like mortar that has been metered and applied can be obtained easily and quickly. As a result, the present invention can save labor in the coating work.

In the fifth means, a mortar coating layer having a constant thickness can be simply and quickly obtained by moving the substrate. As a result, the present invention can save labor in the coating work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is a perspective view showing a state where mortar is formed in a streak shape on the surface of a substrate with a weighing iron, and (B) is a perspective view showing a state where the mortar surface is flattened with a leveling iron.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a mortar coating apparatus showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a mortar coating apparatus showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a mortar coating apparatus showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the above mortar coating apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the above mortar coating apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... Weighing iron 3 ... Leveling iron 12 (22, 32)
... Measuring trowel part 13 (23, 33) ... Leveling trowel part 21 (31) ... Mortar hopper 23 (45) ... Application port B ... Substrate Ba ... Surface M ... Mortar Ma ... Streaky mortar Mb ... Mortar application layer
R ... transport path

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An appropriate amount of mortar is supplied to the surface of a substrate,
The mortar is formed in a streak shape by moving the weighing iron with the comb-shaped irregularities formed on the tip edge while contacting the surface of the substrate.
A method for applying mortar, characterized in that the surface of the mortar is flattened with a leveling iron having a straight edge. 2. A mortar coating apparatus, wherein a measuring iron part having a comb-like tip edge and a linear leveling iron part having a tip edge are juxtaposed at appropriate intervals. 3. A mortar applicator characterized in that a weighing trowel part having a comb-like tip is provided at the opening side part of the application port formed in the mortar hopper. 4. A coating path for a mortar hopper, comprising: a substrate transport path; and a mortar hopper which is arranged above the transport path so as to be vertically movable and has a coating port facing the transport path. A mortar application device, characterized in that a measuring trowel part having a comb-like tip is provided on the opening side part of the. 5. The mortar coating apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a leveling trowel part having a linear tip edge is provided side by side outside the measuring trowel part.