JPH0487746A - Combined machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a combined machine tool having sufficient ability in turning, milling and grinding by turnably providing a central headstock in the center part of a machine, and constituting one side out of a lathe or combined lathe and the other side out of a grinder with the central headstock serving for use in common. CONSTITUTION:An inverting headstock 2 is 180 deg. turnably provided in a central part of a bed l, and a chuck 4 is fitted to a point end of a spindle 3. A reciprocating bed 5 and a tool rest 6 are mounted possible to perform moving positioning by NC respectively onto a tool rest sliding surface la in a Z-axis direction in a left side of the bed l and onto a sliding surface 5a in an X-axis direction on an upper surface of the reciprocating bed 5, a turret 7 is turn- indexably provided in an X-axis vertical plane in a right side of the tool rest 6 and rotary and fixed tools Ta, Tb are removably mounted. A saddle 8 and a stone lower bed 9 are mounted positioning-movably by NC respectively onto a stone bed sliding surface 1b in a Z-axis direction in a right side of the bed and onto a sliding surface 8a in an X-axis direction in an upper surface of the saddle 8, and a large diameter grinding wheel 11 is mounted to a stone bed 10 on the stone lower bed 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The present invention relates to a compound machine tool capable of combining turning, milling, and grinding processes.

Conventional technology In the past, there were machines that added a small grindstone unit to a compound lathe and made it possible to combine the processes of turning, milling, and grinding.
There was no machine that could combine the grinding process.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Machines in which a grinding wheel shaft unit 7) is added to the compound lathe described in the prior art section have a small capacity of the grinding wheel shaft unit, and in addition, there is a problem with processing of grinding fluid and grinding particles that accumulate on the sliding surface. There were problems with grains, etc., and the grinding ability was not sufficient for full-scale production.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and its purpose is to provide a composite machine tool and a workpiece that have sufficient capabilities for turning, milling, and grinding and are capable of combining processes. The aim is to provide a composite machine tool that can combine processes on both the front and back sides of the machine.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the multifunction machine tool of the present invention has a central headstock rotatably provided in the center of the machine, and the central headstock is shared so that one side can be used as a lathe or as a combined lathe. In addition, the other one is configured as a grinding machine, and turns and grinds, or turns, milling, and grinding are performed continuously.

Further, a central headstock is rotatably provided in the center of the machine, and the central headstock is commonly used, and a first headstock facing the central headstock is provided on one side to constitute a counter-spindle lathe or a counter-spindle compound lathe, On the other hand, a second headstock facing the central headstock is provided to form a grinding machine with an opposed main spindle.

Operation claim 1 is to perform turning or turning and milling with the central headstock facing the lathe side, and then turn the central headstock 180'' and perform grinding with the central headstock facing the grinding machine. .

Claim 2 is characterized in that the first headstock on the lathe side performs turning or turning and milling on the front side of the workpiece, and the workpiece is transferred to the central headstock to perform turning or turning and milling on the back side. do. Subsequently, the central headstock is rotated 180 degrees to face the grinding machine, and the back side is ground.The workpiece is then transferred to the second headstock on the grinding machine side, and the front side is ground.

Example A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

A reversing headstock 2 is provided in the center of the door 1 installed on the floor so that it can rotate by 180 degrees, and a main spindle 3 is rotatably supported on the reversing headstock 2 by a bearing (not shown).
A chuck 4 is fitted to the tip of the holder.

A sliding surface 1a for a tool rest in the X-axis direction is cut on the left side of the bed 1, and a reciprocating table 5 is placed on the sliding surface 1a so as to be movable and positionable by an NC.

The reciprocating table 5 has a sliding surface 5a in the X-axis direction on the upper surface.
A tool rest 6 is mounted on a to be moved and positioned by NC, and a turret 7 is provided on the right side of the tool rest 6 so as to be rotatable and indexable in the X-axis vertical plane. The turret 7 has a fixed tool mounting station and a rotary tool mounting station, and the grinding wheel head sliding surface 1b in the A saddle 8 is placed on the sliding surface 1b so as to be movable and positionable by NC, the saddle 8 has a sliding surface 8a in the X-axis direction on the upper surface, and a grindstone lower stand 9 is placed on the sliding surface 8a. is mounted so that it can be moved and positioned by the NC. A whetstone head 10 is fixed on a lower whetstone stand 9, a whetstone shaft is rotatably supported on the whetstone head 10, and a large diameter whetstone 1) is attached to the left end of the whetstone shaft. The sliding surfaces 1b and 8a are covered with a telescopic cover (not shown) to prevent grinding fluid, abrasive grains, etc. from entering. In this way, the left half is the reversing headstock 2.
The right half is formed as a grinding machine that shares the reversing headstock 2, and the right side of the grinding machine is covered with a cover 12 so that chips, grinding fluid, etc. are not adjacent to each other. It is designed not to intrude into the area of

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, the reversing headstock 2 is rotated so that the main spindle 3 faces to the left, and a fixed tool Tb attached to the turret 7 performs turning on the workpiece Wa held by the chatter 4. Subsequently, flattening or drilling is performed using a rotary tool Ta. When the turning and milling steps are completed, the reversing headstock 2 is rotated by 18 degrees as shown in FIG. 3, the main spindle 3 faces to the right, and the grinding wheel 1) grinds the outer diameter and end face.

Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 4, the reversing headstock can be made into a reversing headstock 14 having two main spindles 13A and 13B that are parallel to each other and facing opposite sides, so that turning, milling, and grinding can be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, the outer diameter and the end face can be simultaneously ground by angle slide grinding using NC-controlled X and Z synchronized feed by replacing the grindstone head 10 with a rotatable whetstone head 15.

It is also possible to replace the external grinding wheel shaft with an internal grinding wheel shaft to grind the inner diameter and end face.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5. In order to avoid duplication, only the differences from the first embodiment will be explained.

Concentrically on the left side of the reversing headstock 2 in the center of the head, the opposing tool rest 21 for the lathe is mounted so that it can be moved and positioned by NC along the sliding surface for the headstock in the X-axis direction cut on the top of the head. has been done. Furthermore, an opposing headstock 22 for a grinding machine is mounted concentrically on the right side of the reversing headstock 2 so as to be movable and positionable by an NC along a headstock sliding surface in the X-axis direction on the bed. A main shaft 23.24 is rotatably supported on the opposing headstock 21.22 by a plurality of bearings (not shown).
Chucks 25 and 26 are fitted to the tips of the 4, respectively.

On the other hand, a tool rest 27 is placed on the sliding surface for the tool rest in the X-axis direction on the left side of the bed and can be moved and positioned by NC via a carriage having a sliding surface in the X-axis direction on the upper surface. A turret 28 is provided on the left side of the stand 27 so as to be rotatable and indexable in the X-axis vertical plane.
and a fixed tool Tb are removably attached.

On the sliding surface for the grindstone head in the X-axis direction on the right side of the bed,
The lower grindstone stand is NC via a saddle with a sliding surface in the axial direction.
Two rotatable whetstone shafts 29A and 29B are placed on the whetstone lower table so as to be movable and positionable, and facing oppositely to each other.
A whetstone head 31 having a
Small-diameter grindstones 32A and 32B are removably attached to the wheels. In the machine, the turning area a on the left side and the grinding area a on the right side are separated at the center by a cover 32, so that chips and grinding fluid do not enter into adjacent areas.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9.

As shown in FIG. 6, the chuck 2 of the opposing headstock 21 for lathe is
The fixed tool Tb mounted on the turret 28 performs turning on the end face, outer diameter, and hole of the workpiece wb held by the turret 28 . Next, the opposing headstock 21 moves to the right in the X-axis direction, and the tip of the workpiece wb to be gripped by the chuck 25 is moved to the open gripping claw 4a of the chuck 4 of the reversing headstock 2.
Insert it inside and stop. Next, the gripping claws 4a close, the gripping claws 25a of the chuck 25 open and the gripping is changed, and the opposing tool rest 21 moves to the left in the X-axis direction and moves away from the workpiece Wb to a predetermined position on the left side of the bed. stand by. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the fixed tool Tb of the turret 28 is used to turn the outer diameter and end face of the back side of the workpiece efJ. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the reversing headstock 2 rotates 180", the chuck 4 faces to the right while gripping the workpiece wb, and the small diameter grindstone 32A at the tip of the grindstone shaft 29A grinds the inner diameter, outer diameter, and end face. Processing is performed.

Next, the grinding machine counter headstock 22 moves to the left in the X-axis direction, and attaches the chuck 4 to the open gripping claw 26a of the chuck 26.
The tip of the workpiece wb to be gripped is inserted and stopped at 0
Next, the gripping claw 26a closes, the gripping claw 4a opens, and the gripping is changed, and the counter headstock 22 moves to the right in the X-axis direction while gripping the workpiece wb, stops at a predetermined position at the right end of the bed, and then moves to the right side of the workpiece wb. As shown in FIG. 9, the outer diameter and end face are ground by the small-diameter grindstone 32B at the tip of the grindstone shaft 29B.

As shown in FIG. 10, a grinding wheel head 34 having one grinding wheel shaft 35 is provided so as to be able to rotate by 180 degrees, so that grinding of both the reversing headstock 2 side and the opposing headstock 22 side can be carried out using one grinding wheel shaft. 3
It is also possible to do this in step 5.

1) Two grinding wheel shafts 36 orthogonal to each other as shown in the figure.
A whetstone head 38 having 37 is rotatably indexable, and 90
The reversing headstock 2 side and the opposing headstock 22 are indexed by
It is also possible to perform both grinding operations in the example using two grindstone shafts 36,37.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, two grindstone heads 43 and 44, which can be moved and positioned separately in the It is also possible to use the grinding wheel head 43 to perform the grinding, and to grind the opposing headstock 22 using the grinding wheel head 44, respectively.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13, two tool rests 45 and 46 that can be moved and positioned separately in the X and X axis directions are provided so that simultaneous four-axis machining can be performed on the opposing headstock 21 or the reversing headstock 2. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14, the opposing headstock 21 can be machined by the tool rest 46, and the reversing headstock 2 can be machined by the tool rest 45 at the same time.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 15. The difference from the second embodiment is that instead of the grindstone 31, a grindstone 53 having a large-diameter grindstone 1) and a large-diameter grindstone 5I for an external device similar to the grindstone 10 of the first embodiment is attached. Since the other parts are the same, the same reference numerals are given and the explanation will be omitted.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 16 to 21.

With the long workpiece We fitted into the center hole of the main spindle 23 of the opposing headstock 21 for a lathe, the right end position is held by the gripping claws 25a of the chuck 25, and as shown in FIG. Fixed tool Tb attached to
Turning is performed on the right end. Next, the counter headstock 21 moves to the right, inserts the right end of the workpiece We into the open gripping claw 4a of the chuck 4 of the reversing headstock 2, and stops, closes the gripping claw 4a, and closes the gripping claw of the chuck 25. Open 25a,
The counter headstock 21 is moved to the left to pull out the workpiece and stopped at a predetermined position. Next, the gripping claws 25a are closed and the workpiece W is
Holding the left end of part c, the opposite headstock 21 and the reversing headstock 2 are rotated synchronously as shown in FIG. It will be done. Then, the gripping claws 4a open,
The counter headstock 21 moves to the right, pushes the workpiece Wc into the center hole of the spindle 3, closes the gripping claws 4a, and turns and mills the left end of the workpiece Wc as shown in FIG. 18. Next, the reversing headstock 2 rotates 180 degrees, the chuck 4 holding the workpiece We faces to the right, and as shown in FIG. 19, the outer diameter of the end face and right end is ground by the large-diameter grindstone 51.

Next, the opposing headstock 22 for the grinder moves to the left, and the chuck 4
The right end of the workpiece Wc gripped by the chuck 26 is pushed into the open gripping claws 26a of the chuck 26 and stopped, the gripping claws 26a are closed, the gripping claws 4a are opened and the gripping is changed, and the opposite headstock 22 moves to the right, pulls out the workpiece Wc, stops it at a predetermined position, and closes the gripping claws 4a.As shown in FIG. Grinding of the outer diameter of the central part is performed. Next, gripping claw 2
6a opens and the opposing headstock 22 is shifted to the left, the workpiece Wc is pushed into the center hole of the main spindle 24 and stopped at a predetermined position, and the gripping claw 2
6a is closed and the gripping claws 4a are opened to change grips, the opposing headstock 22 moves to the right and stops at a predetermined position on the right end of the bed 1, and as shown in FIG. Grinding is performed on the end face and outer diameter of the left end of the workpiece Wc.

In addition, in the case of a short workpiece Wd, as shown in Fig. 22,
Chucks 4, 2 on both the reversing headstock 2 and the counter headstock 22
6 respectively grip the two workpieces Wd, and use the large-diameter grindstone 5.
It is also possible to perform outer diameter grinding at the same time by one traverse.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 23.

The difference from the second embodiment or the third embodiment is that the reversing headstock 2 is provided so as to be movable and positionable in the Z-axis direction, the opposing headstock 21 for the lathe is fixed to the left end of the bed, and the opposing headstock 21 for the grinder is fixed to the left end of the bed. The headstock 22 is fixed to the right end of the head.

Regarding the operation of the fourth embodiment, the reversing headstock 2 is
The only difference is that it moves in the Z-axis direction for transferring b or Wc, and its explanation will be omitted.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 24. The only difference from the second embodiment or the third embodiment is that the reversing headstock 2 is also provided so as to be movable and positionable in the Z-axis direction, and the opposite headstock 21 or 22 and the reversing headstock 2 are operated simultaneously or in either case. One side moves in two axes and the workpiece wb
Or give and receive Wc.

Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the following effects.

Since the central headstock is shared, one is a compound machine tool that is configured for a compound lathe and the other for grinding, machining capacity and machining accuracy are improved, allowing for turning and milling.

It becomes possible to combine each grinding process, improving productivity. In addition, compared to a conventional compound lathe equipped with a simple grindstone shaft unit, the fine positioning required for grinding becomes possible, improving grinding accuracy, and the large grindstone head without restrictions on the diameter of the grindstone allows for sufficient grinding. I can demonstrate my abilities. Furthermore, the grinding fluid and cutting fluid do not mix, and the guide surface is not damaged by abrasive particles.

In addition, since we have adopted an opposed spindle compound lathe and an opposed spindle grinder that share the central headstock, in addition to the above effects, it is possible to combine the processes of turning, milling, and grinding on both the front and back surfaces of the workpiece, further increasing productivity. improves.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the multifunction machine tool of the first embodiment, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the first embodiment, showing the turning and milling process in progress, and Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the first embodiment. Figure 4 is a diagram showing an application example of the first embodiment, in which a reversible headstock with two spindles is used for turning with a tool rest and angle slide grinding with a rotatable grindstone head. Fig. 5 is a top view of the compound machine tool of the second embodiment; Fig. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the second embodiment and shows turning processing using the opposed tool rest for a lathe; Fig. 7 Figure 8 is an explanatory view of the operation of the second embodiment, showing the turning process being carried out on the reversing headstock side. The figure is an explanatory view of the operation of the second embodiment, and is a diagram showing the grinding process being performed on the opposing headstock side of the grinder, and Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the grinding process being performed on the opposing headstock side of the grinding machine. A diagram showing an application example of the second embodiment in which grinding is performed on both the table side. Figure 1) shows an inverted headstock side and an opposite headstock side using a rotatable grindstone head with two orthogonal grinding wheel axes. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing an application example of the second embodiment in which grinding is performed on both sides, and Fig. 12 shows a second embodiment in which two independently movable grindstone heads are provided with grindstone axes facing oppositely to each other. Figure 13 shows an application example of the second embodiment, in which four-axis rotational machining is performed on the opposite headstock side of a lathe using two independently movable tool rests. Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating an application example of the second embodiment, in which two independently movable tool turrets are used to perform simultaneous machining on an opposing headstock for a lathe and a reversing headstock, respectively. Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the multi-purpose machine tool of the third embodiment, Figs. 16 to 21 are explanatory diagrams for each process showing the operation of the third embodiment, and Fig. 22 is a reversing headstock and an opposing spindle for a grinder. A diagram showing an application example of the third embodiment, in which workpieces with the same outer diameter are held on the table and traverse grinding is performed using a large-diameter grindstone. Figure 23 shows an opposing headstock for a lathe and a grinding machine. FIG. 24 is a front view of the fourth embodiment showing each headstock in which the opposite headstocks are fixed to both ends and the reversing headstock is movable in the Z axis. FIG. 7 is a front view of the fifth embodiment showing each headstock whose axis is movable. 2... Reversing headstock 6, 27... Turret 7.28... Turret 10.31.53... Grinding wheel head 21... Opposing headstock for lathe 22... Opposing headstock for grinding machine

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A central headstock is rotatably provided in the center of the machine, and the central headstock is shared so that one is a lathe or compound lathe and the other is a grinder, and the machine can be used for both turning and grinding or turning and milling and grinding. A multi-purpose machine tool that is capable of continuous machining. (2) A central headstock is rotatably provided in the center of the machine, and the central headstock is shared, and a first headstock facing the central headstock is provided on one side to form a counter-spindle lathe or a counter-spindle compound lathe. and a second headstock facing the central headstock is provided on the other side to constitute an opposed spindle grinding machine, and three headstocks are installed side by side.