JP2597221B2 - Combined machine tool - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compound machine tool capable of combining turning, milling and grinding processes.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been a machine that combines a turning, milling, and grinding process by adding a small grinding wheel shaft unit to a combined lathe, but the turning, milling, and grinding process combination is performed on both front and back surfaces of the workpiece. There was no machine that could do it.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention A machine in which a grinding wheel shaft unit is added to the combined lathe described in the prior art has a small grinding wheel shaft unit, and furthermore, processing of a grinding fluid and abrasive grains deposited on a sliding surface. However, there is a problem that the grinding ability is not enough to cope with full-scale production.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite machine tool having sufficient ability for both milling and grinding and capable of process connection, and a composite machine tool capable of process connection on both front and back surfaces of a workpiece.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a combined machine tool according to the present invention is provided with a reversing headstock bearing at least one spindle in a center portion of a bed so as to be capable of rotating by 180 ° and positioning the same on the bed. Z that is in the direction of the main shaft on one side with the inverted headstock interposed
A sliding surface for the wheel rest in the Z-axis direction is formed on the other sliding surface for the tool rest in the axial direction, and a tool rest member is formed on the sliding surface for the tool rest in the X direction.
A reciprocating carriage mounted for movement positioning control in the axial direction is mounted for movement positioning control, and a lathe is configured with the reversing headstock. On the sliding surface for the grinding wheel head, a grinding wheel head member is arranged in the X-axis direction. A grinding machine is configured by mounting a saddle mounted so as to be movable and positionable so as to be movable and positionable and the reversing headstock, and sharing the reversing headstock.

Also, a central headstock is provided rotatably in the center of the machine, and the central headstock is used in common, and a first headstock facing the central headstock is provided on one side to constitute a counter spindle lathe or a counter spindle composite lathe, On the other hand, a second headstock opposed to the central headstock is provided to constitute a grinding machine with an opposed spindle.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, turning or turning and milling are performed with the center headstock facing the lathe side, and then the center headstock is turned 180 ° and grinding is performed so as to face the grinding machine side. .

Claim 2 performs turning or turning and milling on the front side of the workpiece with the first headstock on the lathe side, and replaces the workpiece with the central headstock, and performs turning or turning and milling on the back side. I do. Then, the center headstock is turned 180 ° so as to face the grinding machine, and the back side grinding is performed. The workpiece is gripped by the second headstock on the grinding machine side, and the front side grinding is performed.

Embodiment 1 A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

At the center of the bed 1 installed on the floor, a reversing headstock 2
The main shaft 3 is rotatably mounted on a reversing headstock 2 by a bearing (not shown), and a chuck 4 is fitted to a tip of the main shaft 3.

On the left side of the bed 1, a sliding surface 1a for a tool rest in the Z-axis direction is cut, and a carriage 5 is mounted on the sliding surface 1a so as to be movable and positioned by NC.

The carriage 5 has a sliding surface 5a in the X-axis direction on the upper surface.
The tool rest 6 is mounted on the top so that it can be moved and positioned by NC.
A turret 7 is provided on the right side of the tool rest 6 so as to be able to rotate and index in a plane perpendicular to the XZ axis. The turret 7 has a fixed tool mounting station and a rotating tool mounting station,
The rotating tool Ta and the fixed tool Tb are each detachably mounted.

On the right side of the bed, a sliding surface 1b for the grinding wheel head in the Z-axis direction is cut, and a saddle 8 is placed on the sliding surface 1b so as to be movable and positioned by NC, and the saddle 8 is placed on the upper surface in the X-axis direction. The grinding wheel lower base 9 is mounted on the sliding surface 8a so as to be movable and positioned by the NC. Whetstone base 10 on whetstone lower base 9
Is fixed, and the grindstone shaft is rotatably mounted on the grindstone table 10,
A trapezoidal grindstone 11 is attached to the left end of the grindstone shaft. The sliding surfaces 1b and 8a are covered with a not-shown telescopic cover or the like so that a grinding fluid, abrasive grains, and the like cannot enter. Thus, the left half is formed on a combined lathe sharing the reversing headstock 2, the right half is formed on a grinding machine sharing the reversing headstock 2, and the right grinding machine side is covered with a cover 12, Chips, grinding fluid, and the like do not enter adjacent regions.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 2, the reversing headstock 2 is turned so that the spindle 3 faces leftward, and the workpiece Wa held by the chuck 4 is turned by the fixed tool Tb mounted on the turret 7 to perform turning. Subsequently, flattening or drilling is performed by the rotary tool Ta. After the turning and milling processes,
As shown in FIG. 3, the reversing headstock 2 is turned by 180 °, the spindle 3 faces rightward, and the outer diameter and the end face are ground by the grindstone 11.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the reversing headstock has two revolving headstocks 13A and 13B which are parallel and opposite to each other.
In addition, turning and milling and grinding can be performed simultaneously.In addition, instead of the grindstone table 10 being a swivelable grindstone table 15, the outer diameter can be adjusted by angle slide grinding with X and Z synchronous feed of NC control. And the end face can be ground simultaneously.

Further, the outer grinding wheel shaft may be replaced with an inner grinding wheel shaft, and the inner diameter and the end face may be ground.

Subsequently, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In order to avoid duplication, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described.

A counter-turret 21 for lathe is mounted concentrically to the left side of the reversing headstock 2 at the center of the bed along the Z-axis sliding surface of the headstock cut on the head so as to be movable and positioned by NC. I have. Further, concentrically on the right side of the reversing headstock 2, an opposing headstock 22 for the grinding machine is provided along the sliding surface for the headstock in the Z-axis direction on the bed by NC.
Are mounted so that they can be moved and positioned. Opposing headstock
Main shafts 23 and 24 are rotatably mounted on the main shafts 23 and 24 by a plurality of bearings (not shown).
26 are fitted respectively.

On the other hand, on the sliding surface for the tool rest in the Z-axis direction on the left side of the bed, a tool rest 27 is placed so as to be movable and positionable by NC via a carriage having a sliding surface in the X-axis direction on the upper surface. Table
A turret 28 on the left side of 27 is provided so as to be pivotable and indexable in a plane perpendicular to the X axis, and a rotating tool Ta and a fixed tool Tb are detachably attached to the turret 28.

On the sliding surface for the grinding wheel base in the Z-axis direction on the right side of the bed, the lower grinding wheel base is NC via a saddle with a sliding surface in the X-axis direction on the upper surface.
A grindstone base 31 having two rotatable grindstone axes 29A and 29B facing each other is fixedly mounted on the grindstone lower base so that it can be moved and positioned, and the small-diameter grindstones 32A and 32 are attached to the grindstone axes 29 and 29B.
B is detachably attached. In the machine, the left turning area a and the right grinding area b are separated at the center by the cover 32 so that chips and grinding fluid do not enter adjacent areas.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 6, the chuck 25 of the opposed headstock 21 for lathes is used.
The turning of the end face, the outer diameter, and the hole is performed by the fixed tool Tb mounted on the turret 28 with respect to the workpiece Wb gripped by the tool. Next, the opposing headstock 21 moves to the right in the Z-axis direction, and is inserted into the tip of the workpiece Wb to be gripped by the chuck 25 and the opened gripper 4a of the chuck 4 of the reversing headstock 2 and stopped. Next, the gripper 4a is closed, and the gripper 25 of the chuck 25 is closed.
When a is opened and gripping is performed, the opposed tool rest 21 moves to the left in the Z-axis direction, separates from the workpiece Wb, and waits at a predetermined position on the left side of the bed. Then turret as shown in FIG.
Turning of the outer diameter and the end face on the back side of the workpiece is performed by the 28 fixed tools Tb. Next, as shown in FIG.
Is turned 180 ° and the chuck 4 is turned rightward while holding the workpiece Wb.
Each grinding process of the outer diameter and the end face is performed.

Next, the opposing headstock 22 for the grinding machine moves to the left in the Z-axis direction, and the tip of the workpiece Wb held by the chuck 4 is inserted into the opened gripping claw 26a of the chuck 26 and stopped. Next, the gripping claws 26a are closed, the gripping claws 4a are opened, gripping is changed, the opposed headstock 22 moves rightward in the Z-axis direction while holding the workpiece Wb, and stops at a predetermined position on the right end of the bed. As shown in FIG. 9, the outer diameter and the end face are ground by the small diameter grindstone 32B at the tip of the grindstone shaft 29B.

As shown in FIG. 10, a grindstone head 34 having one grindstone shaft 35 is provided so as to be rotatable by 180 °, and the grinding of both the reversing headstock 2 side and the opposing headstock 22 side is performed by one grindstone shaft. You can do it at 35. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, a grinding wheel head 38 having two orthogonal grinding wheel shafts 36 and 37 is provided so as to be capable of turning indexing, and indexing every 90 ° causes the reversing headstock 2 side and the opposing headstock 22 side. Both grindings can be performed using two grinding wheel shafts 36 and 37.

Also, as shown in FIG. 12, two grindstone heads 43 and 44 which can be moved and positioned separately in the X and Z axis directions are provided with grindstone shafts 41 and 42 respectively facing in opposite directions, and are provided on the reversing headstock 2 side. The grinding may be performed by the grinding wheel head 43, and the grinding of the opposed headstock 22 side may be performed by the grinding wheel head 44.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13, two tool rests 45 and 46 which can be moved and positioned separately in the X and Z axis directions are provided, and the opposed headstock 21 is provided.
Alternatively, simultaneous four-axis machining can be performed on the inverted headstock 2. As shown in FIG. 14, a tool rest 46 is provided on the opposed headstock 21, and a tool rest 45 is provided on the inverted headstock 2. , The processing can be performed simultaneously.

Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The difference from the second embodiment is that a grindstone table 53 having a large diameter grindstone 51 for external grinding similar to the large diameter grindstone 11 and the grindstone table 10 of the first embodiment is attached instead of the grindstone table 31, Other components are the same, and the same reference numerals are given and the description is omitted.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

With the long workpiece Wc inserted into the center hole of the main spindle 23 of the opposed headstock 21 for lathes, the position near the right end is the gripper 25 of the chuck 25.
Turning to the right end is performed by a fixed tool Tb which is gripped by a and is attached to the turret 28 of the tool rest 27 as shown in FIG. Then, the opposing headstock 21 goes right and inserts the right end of the workpiece Wc into the opened gripping claw 4a of the chuck 4 of the reversing headstock 2 and stops, and the gripping claw 4a is closed.
Is opened, the opposing headstock 21 is moved to the left, the workpiece is pulled out, and stopped at a predetermined position. Next, gripping claws 25
a is closed, the left end of the workpiece Wc is gripped, and the opposed headstock 21 and the reversing headstock 2 are synchronously rotated as shown in FIG. 17, and the center part is turned by the fixed tool Tb, and the rotation is continued. tool
Milling is performed by Ta. Next, the gripping claw 4a is opened, the opposing headstock 21 moves rightward, the work Wc is pushed into the center hole of the spindle 3, and the gripping claw 4a is closed, and as shown in FIG. 18, turning of the left end of the work Wc is performed. Milling is performed.
Next, the reversing headstock 2 is turned by 180 ° and the chuck 4 holding the workpiece Wc is turned to the right, and as shown in FIG.
With 51, the outer diameter of the end face and the right end is ground.
Next, the opposing headstock 22 for the grinding machine travels, the right end of the workpiece Wc held by the chuck 4 is inserted into the opened gripping claw 26a of the chuck 26 and stopped, and the gripping claw 26a is closed and the gripping claw is closed.
4a is opened and gripping is changed, the opposing headstock 22 moves rightward, the workpiece Wc is pulled out, stopped at a predetermined position, the gripping claws 4a are closed, and as shown in FIG. Opposing headstock 22
Are synchronously rotated, and the outer diameter grinding of the central portion is performed by the large diameter grindstone 51. Next, the gripping claw 26a opens, the opposing headstock 22 moves to the left, the workpiece Wc is pushed into the center hole of the spindle 24 and stops at a predetermined position, the gripping claw 26a is closed, the gripping claw 4a is opened, and gripping is changed. Thereafter, the opposed headstock 22 moves to the right and stops at a predetermined position at the right end of the bed 1, and as shown in FIG.
With 51, the end face of the left end of the workpiece Wc and the outer diameter are ground.

In the case of a short workpiece Wd, as shown in FIG. 22, the two workpieces Wd are respectively gripped by the chucks 4 and 26 of both the reversing headstock 2 and the opposed headstock 22, and the large-diameter grinding wheel is used. Outer diameter grinding can be performed simultaneously by 51 traverses.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The difference from the second or third embodiment is that the reversing headstock 2 is provided so as to be movable and positioned in the Z-axis direction.
The opposing headstock 21 for lathes is fixed to the left end of the bed, and the opposing headstock 22 for grinding machines is fixed to the right end of the bed.

Regarding the operation of the fourth embodiment, the reversing headstock 2 is
The only difference is the movement in the Z-axis direction for the transfer of Wb or Wc, and a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The only difference from the second embodiment or the third embodiment is that the reversing headstock 2 is also provided so as to be movable and positioned in the Z-axis direction. One moves in the Z-axis direction to transfer the workpiece Wb or Wc.

Effects of the Invention The present invention is configured as described above, and thus has the following effects.

Since the machine tool is a compound machine tool that uses a central headstock for one and a compound lathe for the other, the other is grinding, so the machining capacity and machining accuracy are improved, and the turning, milling and grinding processes can be combined to increase productivity. improves. In addition, compared to the conventional multi-tasking machine equipped with a simple grinding wheel shaft unit, fine positioning required for grinding is possible, and the grinding accuracy is improved.
Sufficient grinding ability can be demonstrated by a large wheel head without restriction on wheel diameter. Further, the grinding fluid and the cutting fluid are not mixed, and the guide surface is not damaged by the abrasive grains.

In addition, the combined use of a counter spindle combined lathe and a counter spindle grinder that share the central headstock enables the combined effects of turning, milling, and grinding processes on both front and back surfaces of the workpiece in addition to the above effects, further improving productivity. improves.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a combined machine tool according to a first embodiment, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of the first embodiment, showing turning and milling, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an operation of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a view showing an application example of the first embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a view showing an application example of the first embodiment, in which a reversing headstock having two spindles is used for turning with a tool rest and angle slide grinding with a revolvable grindstone. FIG. 5 is a top view of the combined machine tool according to the second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a top view of the combined machine tool according to the second embodiment, FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the second embodiment, showing turning on the reversing headstock side. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the second embodiment, showing a state of grinding on the reversing headstock side, FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the second embodiment, showing that the grinding is being performed on the side of the opposed headstock for the grinding machine, and FIG. 10 is a rotatable having one grinding wheel shaft. FIG. 11 shows an application example of the second embodiment in which both the reversing headstock side and the opposing headstock side are ground by a grindstone head, and FIG. 11 shows a swivelable grindstone head having two orthogonal grindstone axes. FIG. 12 is a view showing an application example of the second embodiment in which both the reversing headstock side and the opposing headstock side are subjected to grinding, and FIG. 12 shows two individually movable grindstone heads facing each other. FIG. 13 is a view showing an application example of the second embodiment in which a grinding wheel shaft is provided, and FIG. 13 shows that four axes are simultaneously machined on a lathe facing headstock side by two individually movable tool rests. FIG. 14 is a view showing an application example of the second embodiment, and FIG. 14 is a second embodiment in which two individually movable tool rests are used to simultaneously perform machining on an opposite headstock for lathes and a reversing headstock. FIG. 15 is a view showing an application example of the example, FIG. 15 is a view showing a compound machine tool of a third embodiment, and FIGS. FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram for each step showing the operation of the embodiment, and FIG. 22 shows a state where a workpiece having the same outer diameter is gripped by a reversing headstock and a facing headstock for a grinding machine, respectively, and traverse grinding is performed by a large-diameter grindstone. FIG. 23 shows an application example of the third embodiment, and FIG. 23 shows a headstock in which a facing headstock for a lathe and a facing headstock for a grinding machine are fixed to both ends, respectively, and a reversing headstock is made movable in the Z-axis. FIG. 24 is a front view of the fifth embodiment showing both headstocks in which both opposed headstocks and reversing headstocks can be moved in the Z-axis. 2 ... Reversing headstock, 6,27 ... Tool post 7,28 ... Turret 10,31,53 ... Whetstone head 21 ... Opposing headstock for lathe 22 ... Opposing headstock for grinding machine

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 1-1114240 (JP, U) JP-B 61-57135 (JP, B2) JP-B 60-23936 (JP, B2)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A reversing headstock having at least one spindle supported at the center of a bed so as to be capable of rotating and positioning by 180 °, and one of the reversing headstocks is disposed on the bed in the Z-axis direction which is one of the main spindle directions. A reciprocating carriage having a sliding surface for a tool rest on the other side and a sliding face for a grinding wheel rest in the Z-axis direction, and a tool rest member mounted on the sliding face for the tool rest so as to be movable and controllable in the X-axis direction. A lathe is constructed with the reversing headstock mounted so as to be movable and position controllable, and a saddle on which the wheel head member is movable and controllable in the X-axis direction on the sliding surface for the wheel head is moved and positioned. A combined machine tool, wherein the grinding machine is configured so as to be mounted as possible with the reversing headstock, and the reversing headstock is shared. 2. A counter head lathe or a combined head spindle lathe, wherein a central headstock is provided rotatably at the center of the machine, and the central headstock is shared and a first headstock facing the central headstock is provided on one side. And a second headstock facing the central headstock is provided on the other side to constitute an opposing spindle grinder, and three headstocks are provided side by side.