JPH0476384A - Drying control system for grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the overdrying of grains and estimate the finishing time of the drying of the grains by a method wherein the grains are dried by operating respective detecting moistures in a ventilating chamber and an air discharging chamber, the initial moisture of the grains, a finishing target moisture and a time required until the drying of the grains is finished. CONSTITUTION:In a drying control device 47, the change of the value of grain moisture, detected by a moisture sensor 7, is compared with the change of the value of grain moisture, set and stored in a CPU 45, as well as the change of moisture difference operated from the values of moistures detected by respective moisture sensors 34, 35. When an abnormal value is detected in either one of them, a drying machine 8 is stopped automatically by the control device, in which a normal value is detected. The drying time of the grains is operated in parallel. A hot air moisture MO in a ventialting chamber 4 and a discharging air moisture MO in an air discharging chamber are inputted into the CPU 45 and when a timer 48 operates the elapse of one hour, a discharging air moisture M1 and a discharging air moisture ME upon finishing the drying of the grains are substituted into an operating formula, set and stored into the CPU 45, whereby a time required from the initial period of drying to the finishing of the drying of the grains is operated and one hour of the elapse time until the operation is finished is subtracted from said operated time to indicate it on an indicator unit 41.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology Conventionally, while the grains are fed out from the upper storage chamber to the lower drying chamber and flowed down, the hot air generated from the hot air device is passed from the blower chamber through the drying chamber, passes through the exhaust chamber, and is sucked in by the exhaust fan. While drying by exhausting air, the moisture of the drying grains is detected by a moisture sensor, and when the detected grain moisture becomes the same as the finishing target moisture, the grain dryer is stopped and drying of the grains is stopped. It was a drying control method.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The grains stored in the storage chamber of the grain dryer are repeatedly circulated from the storage chamber to the drying chamber and flowed down.
The hot air generated from the hot air device passes through the drying chamber from the ventilation chamber, passes through the ventilation chamber, and is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan, so that the grains flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to this hot air. and dried.

The grain moisture during this circulation drying is detected by a moisture sensor, and when this moisture sensor detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture, the dryer is automatically controlled to stop drying the grains.

If a malfunction occurs in the moisture sensor during this drying operation, the grains being dried may become over-dry, or the end time of grain drying may be predicted, leading to the post-hulling operation. The aim is to make it possible to do things like this in a planned manner.

Means for Solving the Problems Regarding the Invention of Claim 1 This invention provides hot air generated from a hot air device 3 to dry the grains from a blowing chamber 4 while letting the grains flow down from an upper storage chamber 1 to a lower drying chamber 2. A grain dryer is equipped with a moisture sensor 7 that detects the moisture content of the grains during drying while drying the grains by ventilating the chamber 2, passing through the ventilation chamber 5, sucking and exhausting the air with the exhaust fan 6,
Each detection degree in the ventilation chamber 4, the ventilation chamber 5, and the exhaust chamber 5, the initial moisture content of the grain, the target finishing moisture content, the grain moisture content at a predetermined time from the start of drying, and the required time are calculated in a predetermined manner. The drying control method is characterized in that the time required from the predetermined time to the completion of drying of the grains is calculated based on a formula and the grains are dried.

Effect of the Invention While the grains stored in the storage chamber 1 of the grain dryer are repeatedly circulated from the storage chamber 1 to the drying chamber 2 and flowing down, the hot air generated from the hot air device 3 is transferred to the air blowing chamber. 4, passes through the drying chamber 2, passes through the exhaust chamber 5, and is suctioned and exhausted by the exhaust fan 6, so that the grains flowing down inside the drying chamber 2 are
It is exposed to this hot air and dried.

The grain moisture during this circulation drying is detected by the moisture sensor 6,
When the moisture sensor 6 detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture, the dryer is automatically controlled to stop drying the grains.

During this drying work, each detected humidity in the ventilation chamber 4 and the ventilation chamber 5, the initial moisture content of the grains and the finished target moisture content,
By substituting the grain moisture content and required time at a predetermined time from the start of drying into a predetermined calculation formula, the time required for the grains being dried to finish from the predetermined time is calculated. The grains are dried while displaying the calculated time, for example, to notify the drying operator.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, during grain drying work, the time required to finish drying the grains is calculated at each predetermined time, so that subsequent work such as hulling work can be carried out in a planned manner. At the same time, by calculating the time until completion of drying at each predetermined time, an accurate completion time of finishing can be obtained.

Means for Solving the Problems Regarding the Invention of Claim 2 This invention provides hot air generated from a hot air device 3 to dry the grains from a blowing chamber 4 while letting the grains flow down from an upper storage chamber 1 to a lower drying chamber 2. A grain dryer is equipped with a moisture sensor 7 that detects the moisture content of the grains during drying while drying the grains by ventilating the chamber 2, passing through the ventilation chamber 5, sucking and exhausting the air with the exhaust fan 6,
During this drying, both the change in the humidity difference between the detected humidity in the ventilation chamber 4 and the ventilation chamber 5 and the change in grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 7 are alternately monitored while drying. When an abnormal value is detected, the drying control method is characterized in that when the abnormal value is one of the abnormal values, drying control is performed using the other normal value.

Effect of the invention While the grains stored in the storage chamber 1 of the grain dryer are repeatedly circulated from the storage chamber 1 to the drying chamber 2 and flowing down, the hot air generated from the hot air device t3 is transferred to the blower chamber 2. 4, passes through the drying chamber 2, passes through the exhaust chamber 5, and is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 6, so that the grains flowing down the drying chamber 2 are exposed to this hot air and dried. be done.

The grain moisture during this circulation drying is detected by the moisture sensor 7,
Further, a humidity difference is calculated from each detected humidity detected in the ventilation chamber 4 and the ventilation chamber 5, and drying is controlled while alternately monitoring both the detected grain moisture and the change in the calculated humidity difference,
When the detected grain moisture reaches the finishing target moisture or the calculated humidity difference reaches the set humidity difference, whichever comes first, the dryer is automatically stopped and the drying of the grains is stopped.

Also, if an abnormal value is detected in either the detected grain moisture change or the humidity difference change during this drying operation, if the abnormal value is detected in one, the other normal value detected is detected in the dryer. is automatically stopped and the drying of the grains is stopped.

Effects of the Invention According to this invention, grain drying stop control can be performed using the moisture sensor 7.
This is done while monitoring both the grain moisture detected by the controller and the humidity difference calculated from the detected humidity in the ventilation chamber 4 and the ventilation chamber 5. When one detects an abnormal value, the difference in humidity is compared to the normal value in the other. By controlling the stoppage with , the grains do not become over-dry (and the quality of the grains does not deteriorate).

Example Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

The ward system indicates a state in which a circulation type grain dryer 8 for drying grains is equipped with a moisture sensor 7 and the like.

This dryer 8 has a rectangular shape that is long in the front and rear direction, and is provided with a transfer gutter 10 and a ceiling plate 11 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed in the upper part of the mechanism 9, and grains are stored below the ceiling plate 11. A storage chamber l is formed.

On the lower side of this storage chamber 1, left and right drying chambers 2.2 are provided between the left and right ventilation chambers 5.5 and the central ventilation chamber 4. A feed-out valve 1212 that feeds out grains and causes them to flow down is rotatably supported on the shaft.

The lower side of the drying chamber 2.2 is configured to communicate with a grain collecting trough 13 having a rotatably built-in transfer spiral.

The ventilation chamber 4 is provided with a hot air temperature sensor 33 for detecting the temperature of the hot air in the ventilation chamber 4 and a hot air humidity sensor 34 for detecting the humidity of the hot air. Exhaust air humidity sensor 35 detects the exhaust air humidity in the room 5
A pressure sensor 49 for detecting the Pin pressure near the population side of the ventilation chamber 4 is provided on the outer surface of the front mechanism 9 to detect the presence or absence of air flow passing through the ventilation chamber 4.

On the front side of the mechanism 9, a hot air device 3 consisting of a burner case 15 with a burner 14 inside is removably attached to the outer surface of the mechanism 9 in order to correspond to the population side of the ventilation chamber 4. , an operating device 16 is removably installed to start and stop the moisture sensor 7, the dryer 8, etc. for each operation of loading, drying, and discharging.

Further, on the back side of the mechanism 9, there is formed an air exhaust passage chamber 17 that can communicate with the left and right air exhaust chambers 55, and in the center rear side air exhaust body 18 of this air exhaust passage chamber 17, an exhaust fan 6 and this exhaust air passage chamber 17 are formed. An exhaust fan motor 19 for rotationally driving the wind fan 6 is provided.

Reference numeral 20 is a valve motor configured to rotationally drive the delivery valve 12.12 via a speed reduction mechanism 21.

A fuel pump 22 having a fuel valve is provided on the outside of the lower plate of the burner case 15, and the fuel pump 22 sucks fuel in the fuel tank 23 and supplies it to the burner 14 by opening and closing the fuel valve. A variable speed blower motor 25 for rotating the blower 24 at variable speeds is provided on the outside of the upper plate, and the blower 24 blows combustion air commensurate with the amount of fuel to be supplied to the burner 14.

A supply port for supplying the transferred grains into the storage chamber 1 is provided at the center in the front-rear direction of the transfer gutter IO bottom plate, and a port is provided below the supply port to evenly spread the grains into the storage chamber 1. The configuration includes a diffusion plate 26 for reduction.

The grain elevating machine 27 is provided outside in front of the mechanism 9, and has a belt with a bucket conveyor 28 stretched inside, and a discharging tube 29 is provided between the upper end and the starting end of the transfer gutter 10. A supply gutter 30 is provided between the lower end and the terminal end of the grain collection gutter 13 for communication.

Reference numeral 31 denotes a grain raising machine motor, which connects the belt with the packet conveyor 28, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 10, and the spreader plate 2.
6 etc. are rotationally driven, and the transfer spiral in the grain collecting trough 13 is rotationally driven via the belt with the packet conveyor 28.

The moisture sensor 7 for detecting grain moisture is provided in the vertically central portion of the grain raising machine 27.

The moisture sensor 7 is configured such that a moisture motor 32 is rotated by the transmission of an electrical measurement signal from the operating device 16, and each part of the moisture sensor 3 is rotationally driven.

The moisture sensor 7 receives grains that fall while being transported to the upper part of the packet conveyor 28, crushes the grains under pressure, and simultaneously detects the moisture content of the crushed grains.

The operating device 16 is box-shaped, and the surface plate of the box has a
A start switch 36 for starting the dryer 8, the hot air device 3, the moisture sensor 7, etc. for each operation of loading, drying, and discharging, and a stop switch 37 for stopping the dryer 8, the hot air device 3, the moisture sensor 7, etc. Moisture setting method 3 to set the target moisture content of grains depending on the operating position
8. Grain type setting setting 39 and pitching amount setting setting 40, which set the temperature of hot air according to the operating position. A digital display section 41 and a monitor display are provided which alternately display detected grain moisture, detected drying temperature, remaining drying time, etc.

Also, there is an A-D converter 42 inside that converts each detected value from A to D.
, an input circuit 43 into which the converted value converted by this A-D converter 42 is input, and an input circuit 44 into which the six types of detected values are input.
, a drying control device 47 consisting of a CPU 45 that performs arithmetic and logical operations and comparison operations on various input values input from these input circuits 43 and 44, an output circuit 46 that receives and outputs various commands issued from the CPU 45, and the like; The configuration includes a built-in timer 48. In addition, the setting is 38°39.
Reference numeral 40 is a rotary switch type, and a predetermined value and type are set depending on the operating position.

The grain drying stop control by the drying control device 47 is configured to be performed in one of the following ways.

That is, on the one hand, the operation content of the moisture setting controller 38 is
This is input to the PU 45, and the finishing target moisture content of the grain is set by this manual effort. On the other hand, the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 7 is also input to the CP[J45, and the input detected grain moisture and the set finishing target moisture are compared, and it is determined that the detected grain moisture has reached the finishing target moisture. When detected, each operating part of the dryer 8 is automatically stopped to detect that drying of the grains has been completed.

On the other hand, the hot air humidity in the ventilation chamber 4 is detected by the hot air humidity sensor 34, and the exhaust air humidity in the ventilation chamber 5 is detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor 35. The wind and humidity are input to the CPU 45, and this CPU
The humidity difference is calculated in step 45, and this calculated humidity difference and the CPU
45 and stored, and when this calculated humidity difference becomes the same as the set humidity difference, each operating part of the dryer 8 is automatically stopped and it is detected that drying of the grains is completed. It is. The configuration is such that automatic stop control is performed depending on which of these two methods is reached earlier.

The change in the grain moisture value detected by the moisture sensor 7 is compared with the change in the grain moisture value stored in the setting memory in the CPU 45, and is calculated from each humidity value detected by the humidity sensors 34 and 35. The change in the calculated humidity difference is compared with the change in the humidity difference stored in the setting memory of this CPU 45, and drying control is performed while monitoring these alternately.During this drying control, the change in the detected grain moisture value and the calculated humidity are compared. If an abnormal value is detected in either one of the changes in the difference, it is detected that a malfunction has occurred, and when this abnormal value is detected in one, the dryer 8 is operated in the same way as above when the other normal value is detected. It is configured to automatically stop each part.

Additionally, the drying control device 47 has the following functions. That is, the CPU 45 calculates the humidity between the hot air humidity in the ventilation chamber 4 and the exhaust air humidity in the ventilation chamber 5 when grains are finished, depending on the initial moisture content of the grains and the target finishing moisture content. This is a configuration in which a difference is set and stored. For example, if the initial moisture content is 25% and the target finished moisture content is 15%, the humidity difference between the hot air humidity and the exhaust air humidity is 14%. .

The drying time of the grains is calculated as follows (the configuration is carried out). That is, the hot air humidity (MO') in the ventilation chamber 4 is detected by the hot air humidity sensor 34, and the humidity in the ventilation chamber 5 is detected. The exhaust air humidity (MO) is detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor 35, and for example, each detected humidity (MO'), 40%, (M
O), 70% are input to the CPU 45, and when the timer 48 detects that one hour (T1) has elapsed since drying started, the exhaust air humidity detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor 35 at this time (Ml ), 68% is input to the CPU 45, and the initial grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 7 and input to the CPU 45, and the operation details of the moisture setting controller 40 are input to the CPU 45. From the finishing target moisture set by the input, the exhaust air humidity (ME
), 54% are selected and set.

Each of the above numerical values is substituted into the following calculation formula set and stored in the CPU 45, and the CPU 45 calculates 8 hours, which is the time required from the initial stage of drying to the finished grain drying.
One hour of the elapsed time (T1) until the calculation is subtracted from this calculation time of 8 hours to calculate 7 hours, and this 7 hours is displayed on the display section 41, and this calculation is performed on the timer 48. is calculated every time one hour passes.

TE= ((MO-MO')-(ME-MO')
/ (MO-Ml)'t X (Tl-To)=
((70-40)-(54-40)/(70-
68)) X (1)= ((30-14)/2
) xt=8 hours The pressure (P in) detected by the pressure sensor 49 is input to the CPU 45, and the input detected pressure (P in)
When i n) has a small fluctuation range as shown in Figure 8,
The detection time (time constant) of this pressure sensor 49 is, for example,
The detection time (time constant) of this pressure sensor 49 may be as short as 2 seconds (when the pressure sensor 49 is controlled and the fluctuation range is large as shown in Figure 9), the detection time (time constant) of this pressure sensor 49 may be as long as 4 seconds (the configuration to be controlled may be affected by crosswinds, gusts, etc.). It is configured to have a small number of

The grain type setting setting 39 and the setting amount setting 40
The operation contents are input to the CPU 45, and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 14 is selected and set by this manual power. On the other hand, the hot air temperature in the blowing chamber 4 detected by the hot air temperature sensor 33 is also input to the CPU 45, and the input detected hot air temperature and the set hot air temperature are compared.

A hot air temperature control configuration that controls the fuel pump 22 and the blower motor 25 to control the amount of fuel supplied to the burner 14 and the amount of combustion air so that the hot air temperature becomes the same as the set hot air temperature if they are different. There is.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

Each part of the grain dryer 8, the burner 14, the moisture sensor 7, etc. is started by operating each setting switch 38, 39, 40 of the operating device 16 to a predetermined position and operating the start switch 36 that starts drying. Then, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 14 is selected and set.

This set hot air is generated from the burner 14, and this hot air passes through the drying chamber 2.2 from the ventilation chamber 4 to the exhaust chamber 5.5.
The grains stored in the storage chamber 1 are sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 6 through the air exhaust duct chamber 17, and the grains are absorbed while flowing from the storage chamber 1 into the drying chamber 2. The grain is dried by being exposed to hot air, and is fed out to the lower part by the feed valve 12.12, flows down, is transferred from the collection gutter 13, through the feed gutter 30, into the grain raising machine 27 by the lower transfer spiral, and is fed to the packet conveyor. 2
8, the liquid is transported to the upper part through the dispensing tube 29 and supplied into the transfer gutter 10, and from this transfer gutter 10, it is transferred and supplied onto the diffusion plate 26 by the upper transfer spiral, and by this diffusion plate 26, the inside of the storage chamber 1 is supplied. The moisture sensor 7 is evenly diffused and reduced, and is circulated and dried.
detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting sensor 38, or the hot air humidity sensor 34
The hot air humidity of the ventilation chamber 4 detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor 35
A humidity difference is calculated based on the exhaust air humidity of the ventilation chamber 5 detected by the controller, and whether this calculated humidity difference is the same as the set humidity difference,
Whichever of these reaches earlier, the dryer 8 is automatically stopped under automatic control by the drying control device 47 of the operating device 16, and the drying of the grains is stopped.

During this drying work, the humidity detected in the ventilation chamber 4 and the ventilation chamber 5, the initial moisture of the grain detected by the moisture sensor 7, the target moisture content set by the operation of the moisture setting switch 38, and the drying The grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 7 and the required time at predetermined times after starting are substituted into a predetermined calculation formula, and the time required from the predetermined time to the finished grain drying is calculated in sequence. The grains are dried while sequentially displaying the calculated drying time on the display section 41 of the operating device 16.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is a relationship diagram between exhaust air humidity, hot air humidity, and drying time, and Fig. 3 is a relationship between grain moisture and humidity difference. Relationship diagram with drying time, Figure 4 is a partially cutaway overall side view of the grain dryer,
Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 is a rear view of a part of the grain dryer, Fig. 7 is an enlarged partially cutaway front view of a part of the grain dryer, and Fig. 8 and 9 are relationship diagrams between Pin pressure and drying time. Explanation of symbols 1 Storage chamber 2 Drying chamber 3 Hot air device 4 Ventilation chamber 5 Ventilation chamber 6 Ventilation fan 7 Moisture sensor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Hot air generated from a hot air device 3 is sent to a blowing chamber 4 while the grains are fed out and flowed down from an upper storage chamber 1 to a lower drying chamber 2.
A grain dryer is provided with a moisture sensor 7 for detecting the moisture content of the drying grains while drying the drying chamber 2 by passing air through the exhaust chamber 5, sucking and exhausting the air by the exhaust fan 6, and drying the grains. Each detected humidity in the ventilation chamber 4 and the ventilation chamber 5, the initial moisture content of the grains,
and finishing target moisture content, grain moisture content at a predetermined time from the start of drying, and required time, and drying is performed by calculating the time required from the predetermined time to the finished grain drying based on a predetermined calculation formula. Drying control method. 2 The hot air generated from the hot air device 3 is sent to the blower chamber 4 while the grains are fed out and flowed down from the upper storage chamber 1 to the lower drying chamber 2.
A grain dryer is provided with a moisture sensor 7 for detecting the moisture content of the drying grains while drying the drying chamber 2 by passing air through the exhaust chamber 5, sucking and exhausting the air by the exhaust fan 6, and drying the grains. While drying is performed by alternately monitoring changes in the humidity difference between the detected humidity levels in the ventilation chamber 4 and the ventilation chamber 5 and changes in grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 7, there is no abnormality detected during drying. A drying control method characterized in that when detecting a value, if one of the abnormal values is present, drying control is performed using the other normal value.