JPS62178878A - Cereal grain drying control system of cereal grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a grain drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology In the past, grains stored in a storage chamber were fed out from the storage chamber into a drying chamber and flowed down, while hot air generated by a burner and a certain amount of outside air passing around the burner were collected by an exhaust fan. By being sucked in, the drying chamber is ventilated and the grains flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to this hot air and this outside air to dry them, while the moisture value of the drying grains is detected by a moisture sensor. As this detected value becomes lower than the high moisture value, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner is changed from the set low temperature to a high temperature, and the detected moisture value detected by the moisture sensor is used to control the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner. Drying the grains by detecting the drying speed of the grains and controlling the hot air temperature generated from the burner by changing the set temperature amount to a high temperature or a low temperature so that the detected drying speed falls within the set drying speed range. It was a control method.

Problem to be Solved by the Invention While the grains stored in the storage chamber are fed out from the storage chamber into the drying chamber and flowed down, the hot air generated from the burner and a certain amount of outside air passing around the burner are exhausted. The drying chamber is ventilated by suction and exhaust by a wind machine, and the grains flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to this hot air and this outside air and dried, while the moisture value of the grains being dried is determined. is detected by a moisture sensor, and as this detected moisture value becomes lower than a high moisture value, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner is changed from a set low temperature to a high temperature. The drying speed of grains is detected based on the moisture value, and when the detected drying speed is lower than the set drying speed, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner is changed to a high temperature by the set amount, and contrary to the above, the detected drying speed is When the drying speed is higher than the set drying speed, the set temperature is changed to a lower temperature.In a dryer using a grain drying control method, as the grains dry, the hot air temperature becomes higher and the drying speed is lower. This results in even higher temperature hot air, which may cause the grain temperature during drying to rise abnormally, and this rise in grain temperature alters the germ and sugar layer of the grain, reducing the quality of the grain. I had something to do.

Means for Solving the Problems This invention has a storage chamber (1) for storing grains, and a drying chamber (2) on the lower side for drying the grains flowing down from this storage (1).
is installed, and the hot air generated from burner (3) and this burner (
3) The outside air passing around the drying room (2) is passed through the drying chamber (2), and the grain dryer is installed to suck and exhaust the air with the exhaust fan (4). A moisture sensor (5) is provided to detect the drying rate of the grains, and as the detected moisture value detected by the moisture sensor (5) becomes lower than the high moisture value, the burner (3) At the same time, the temperature of the generated hot air is successively changed from low to high.
Based on the detected moisture value detected by the moisture sensor (5)
Grain drying in a grain dryer characterized by being equipped with an air volume control device that changes and controls the air volume of the outside air sucked and discharged by the exhaust fan (4) so that the detected drying speed is almost the same as the set drying speed. This is the configuration of the control method.

Effect of the Invention The grains flowing down from the storage chamber (1) into the drying chamber (2) are absorbed by the hot air generated from the burner (3) and the outside air passing through the burner (3). ) Ventilate and discharge JK machine (
By suctioning and exhausting air in step 4), the grains are exposed to this hot air and outside air to dry them, and the moisture value of the drying grains is detected by a moisture sensor (5), and this detected moisture value indicates high moisture content. The temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is controlled to change from low to high as the moisture value becomes lower than the moisture value, and the drying speed of the grains is detected based on the moisture value detected by the moisture sensor (5). The detected drying speed is compared with the set drying speed, and when the detected drying speed is lower than the set drying speed range, the amount of suctioned outside air sucked and discharged by the exhaust air IN (4) is changed to increase by a predetermined amount. Contrary to the above, when the detected drying speed is higher than the set drying speed range, the detected drying speed is changed and controlled to reduce the amount of suctioned outside air sucked and discharged by the exhaust X machine (4) by a predetermined amount. The grains are dried so that the drying speed is within the set drying speed range.

Effects of the Invention According to this invention, as the drying of grain progresses, the burner (3)
The hot air generated by the drying process is gradually controlled to a high temperature, but when the detected drying speed of the grains based on the detected moisture value detected by the moisture sensor (5) is lower than the set drying speed range, the exhaust fan (4) ), the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is set to a low temperature in advance by increasing the amount of outside air sucked and discharged by the exhaust fan. In (4), it is possible to adopt a control method that increases and changes the amount of suctioned outside air that is sucked and exhausted, so that the grain temperature of the grains during drying does not become abnormally high, so that the germ part of the grains and Since the sugar layer does not deteriorate, stable grain quality can always be ensured.

Embodiment In the example shown in Figure 9, the machine wall (7) of the dryer (6) has a rectangular shape in plan view that is long in the front and back direction, and is made up of front and rear wall plates and left and right wall plates. (6) is equipped with an operating device (8) for controlling starting, stopping, etc.

A grain collection gutter (9) with a built-in transfer spiral is provided between the machine wall (7) located in the center of the lower part and extending in the front and back direction;
On the upper side of this grain collecting trough (9) there are drying chambers (2) and (2) vertically.
) are provided and communicated with each other, and in the lower part of these drying chambers (2), (2) there are feed-out valves (10), (10
) is rotatably supported on a shaft, and a hot air chamber (11) is formed inside the drying chamber (2), (2), and is built in a burner case (12) provided on the front wall plate. A temperature sensor (17) is provided in the hot air chamber (11) to detect the temperature of the hot air in the hot air chamber (11), and the drying chamber (2), (2) Air exhaust chambers (13), (13) are formed between the outside and the left and right wall plates, and are communicated with an air exhaust fan (4) provided on the rear wall plate, A motor (15) is installed at the lower part of the rear wall plate, and a variable speed motor (18) is installed on the side of the exhaust fan (4). Feeding valve (10)
, (10), and the variable speed motor (
16), the exhaust fan (14) is driven to rotate at variable speeds.

A fuel pump (1) is installed on the outer side of the lower plate of the burner case (12).
8), and the fuel tank (18) is connected to the fuel tank (18) by this fuel pump (18).
9) through a fuel hose, and this fuel pump (18) supplies the fuel into the burner (3) through a fuel supply pipe. The blower (20) is rotated by a blower motor (21) to blow combustion air into the burner (3) through a blower duct.

A storage chamber (1) is formed above the drying chambers (2), (2), and ceiling plates (22), (22) are formed above the storage chamber (1).
) and a transfer gutter (23) with a built-in transfer spiral, a supply port for supplying transferred grains into this storage chamber (1) is opened in the center of this transfer gutter (23), and this supply A diffusion plate (24) is provided below the mouth, and this diffusion plate (24) is configured to uniformly diffuse and return grains into the storage chamber (1).

The grain raising machine (25) is attached to the front part of the front wall plate, and a packet conveyor (2B) belt is stretched between the upper and lower pulleys inside, and a belt is placed between the upper end and the starting end of the transfer gutter (23). A dispensing tube (27) is provided for communication, a supply gutter (28) is provided between the lower end and the terminal end of the grain collecting gutter (9) for communication, and the upper side of the grain hoist (25) is provided for communication. is provided with a motor (29), and this motor (28) operates the bucket conveyor (2B) belt, the transfer spiral in the transfer trough (23), and the spreader plate (24).
), etc.

A moisture sensor (5) is provided on the side of the grain raising machine (25), and this moisture sensor (5) detects grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part of the grain raising machine (25) by the bucket conveyor (26). The grains are received and supplied into the moisture sensor (5), and the supplied grains are crushed under pressure, and at the same time, the moisture value of the crushed grains is detected, and the drying rate of the grains is determined based on this detected moisture value.
For example, the moisture sensor (5) is configured to detect every hour, and the moisture sensor (5) is activated by transmitting an electrical measurement signal from the operating device (8) at predetermined time intervals.
) rotates, and this motor (
30), each part of the moisture sensor (5) is activated to detect the moisture value of the grain.

The operating device (8) is box-shaped, and the surface plate of the box includes a start switch (31) for starting and stopping the dryer (6), a stop switch (32), and grain finishing. A target moisture setting hole (33) for setting a target moisture value, a hot air temperature setting hole (34) for setting the hot air temperature generated from the burner (3), and a detected moisture value detected by the moisture sensor (5). It has a display window (35) that alternately displays the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3), and a control device (36) and an air volume control device (37) inside.
The control device (36) includes the switches (31), (32) and the parts (33), (34).
an input circuit (38) into which the operation is input; an A-to-digital converter (3!) that converts the detected value detected by the temperature sensor (17) from analog to digital; this A-to-digital converter (38) An input circuit (40) into which the converted value is input, an A-D converter (41) that converts the detected value detected by the moisture sensor (5) from analog to digital; A-
The input circuit (42) into which the converted value converted by the D converter (41) is input, the control device (36) and the air volume control device (37) are connected to the respective input circuits (38), (40), (
A CPU (43) that performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from the CPU (42);
) is an output circuit that receives various commands and outputs them.
44), and the control device (38) and the air volume control device (37) control the motors (15) and (1B
), (21), (29), and (30), and also starts, stops, and changes the amount of fuel sucked by the fuel pump (18). The configuration is as follows.

The control device (36) and the air volume control device (37) are configured so that the moisture sensor (5) detects a grain moisture value that is the same as the finishing target moisture value set by operating the target moisture setting knob (34). Then, the dryer (6) is automatically stopped, and this detected moisture value is compared with a detected moisture value detected by a timer provided in the operating device (8) after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, for example, one hour. The drying speed of the grains is detected, and the detected drying speed is compared with the set drying speed set and stored in the control device (36), and when the detected drying speed is lower than the set drying speed range, , the air volume control device (37) controls the variable speed motor (16) to speed up by a predetermined amount that is set and stored in the control device (36), and the exhaust fan (
4) is configured to increase the amount of sucked outside air that is sucked and exhausted. Contrary to the above, when the air flow rate is high, the exhaust fan (4) is configured to reduce the amount of outside air sucked and discharged by the exhaust fan (4), depending on the amount of difference between the detected drying speed and the set drying speed. This is a configuration in which the increase/decelerate rotation control amounts are different.

The control device (36) controls the hot air temperature setting device (34).
The fuel pump (18) is controlled so that the set hot air temperature is reached by operating the controller, and when the moisture sensor (5) detects the moisture value of the grains, the control device (36) ), the fuel pump (18) is controlled so that the hot air temperature is set and memorized within 100 ms. The configuration is such that the hot air temperature is stored to be high when the moisture value of the grains is low, and the hot air temperature is controlled to a high temperature as the drying of the grains progresses. The temperature sensor (17) in the room (11) detects the detected hot air temperature, and if the detected hot air temperature and the set hot air temperature are different, the control device (
38) controls the fuel pump (18) to control the burner (
3) It is configured to change and control the amount of fuel supplied into the display window ( 35).

By operating each part (33), (34) of the operating device (8) and operating the start switch (31), the dryer (6) is started and at the same time hot air is generated from the burner (3). This hot air and the outside air passing through the burner (3) are sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan (4), so that the hot air chamber (1)
1), the drying chamber (2) is mixed and ventilated, and the dryer (
The grains stored in the drying chamber (2) from the storage chamber (1) are exposed to this mixed hot air and dried.
), the grains are fed to the lower part and flowed down, are transferred and discharged by the lower transfer spiral through the collection gutter (9) into the supply gutter (28), are conveyed to the upper part by the packet conveyor (28), and are transferred to the transfer gutter (23).
) into this transfer trough (23) with an upper transfer spiral.
is transferred and supplied onto the diffusion plate (24) through the diffusion plate (24).
24), the grains are evenly diffused and returned into the storage chamber (1), and are circulated and dried, and the moisture sensor (5) measures the same grain moisture value as the finished target moisture value set in the target moisture setting unit (33). When detected, the dryer (6) is automatically stopped under automatic control by the control device (38) and air volume control device (37) of the operating device (8).

During this drying work, when the detected moisture value detected by the moisture sensor (5) is high, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) decreases, and as the detected moisture value becomes low, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) decreases. The grains are dried at a high temperature controlled by the controller (38), and the drying rate of the grains is detected based on the detected moisture value detected by the moisture sensor (5), and this detected drying rate and setting When the detected drying speed is lower than the set drying speed range, the air volume control device (3
In step 7), the variable speed motor (1B) is controlled to increase the speed, and the amount of outside air sucked and discharged by the exhaust fan (4) is increased to dry the grains. The grains are dried by reducing the amount of suction air sucked and discharged by the exhaust fan (4).

Even when the detected drying speed of grains is lower than the set drying speed, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is not changed to a high temperature and the amount of outside air sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan (4) is increased. By controlling the increase in temperature, the grain temperature of the grains during drying does not rise abnormally, so that stable drying of the grains is possible at all times.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is a flowchart, Fig. 3 is a partially sectional front view of the dryer, and Fig. 4 is a rear view of the dryer. 5 is a partially sectional side view of the dryer, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view of a portion of the dryer. In the figure, reference numeral (1) indicates a storage chamber, (2) a drying chamber, (3) a burner, (4) an exhaust fan, and (5) a moisture sensor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A drying chamber (2) is provided below the storage chamber (1) for storing grains to dry the grains flowing down from this storage chamber (1), and the hot air generated from the burner (3) and the burner (3) The moisture level of the grains during circulation drying is detected in the grain dryer, which is installed so that the outside air passing around the drying chamber (2) is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan (4). A moisture sensor (5) is provided to detect the drying rate of the grains.
As the detected moisture value detected by the sensor (5) becomes lower than a high moisture value, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is successively changed from a low temperature to a high temperature, and at the same time, the moisture sensor (5) It is characterized by being equipped with an air volume control device that changes and controls the air volume of the outside air sucked and discharged by the exhaust fan (4) so that the detected drying speed based on the detected moisture value is almost the same as the set drying speed. Grain drying control method for grain dryers.