JP2011163603A - Circulation type grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circulation type grain dryer capable of reducing electric power consumption and performing energy-saving drying operation without declining drying efficiency when performing drying operation. <P>SOLUTION: The circulation type grain dryer reduces the rotational frequency of an air exhaust fan by any rotational frequency along with decline in a measured grain moisture value and increases a hot air temperature set value by any temperature, during hot air operation. Thus, even when the rotational frequency of the air exhaust fan is lowered, since the hot air temperature set value is raised, decline in the drying energy is prevented. Since the grain is dried in the state where the grain temperature is further increased, the drying efficiency can be further improved so as to shorten drying time. As a result, this can reduce consumption of kerosene fuel corresponding to the shortened drying time and reduce electric power consumption due to decline in the rotational frequency of the air exhaust fan, so as to enable energy-saving drying operation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a circulation type grain dryer that dries grains such as rice cakes and wheat, and more particularly to energy saving by reducing power consumption in a drying operation.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a circulation type grain dryer has been known that aims to reduce power consumption (for example, Patent Document 1). The device described in Patent Document 1 measures the exhaust air humidity from the exhaust fan with a sensor during the drying operation, and decreases the rotational speed of the exhaust fan as the measured exhaust air humidity decreases. The amount of electric power was reduced.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-181783

However, although the thing of the said patent document 1 obtains the effect that the amount of power consumption reduces by reducing the rotation speed of the said exhaust fan, since the ventilation rate of the air which ventilates a grain falls, it dries a grain. There has been a concern that the drying time may be prolonged due to a decrease in energy and a decrease in drying efficiency.
Accordingly, in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a circulation type grain dryer that can reduce energy consumption and perform energy-saving drying operation without lowering drying efficiency when performing drying operation. It is a subject.

In order to solve the above problems, the circulation type grain dryer of the present invention,
A storage tank section for storing grains;
A drying unit for drying the grain by passing the hot air generated by the hot air generator to the grain flowing down from the storage tank through the suction of the exhaust fan;
A discharge section for discharging grain in the drying section;
A reflux part for returning the grain discharged from the discharge part to the storage tank part via a bucket-type elevator and an upper lateral conveying means of the storage tank part;
A grain moisture measuring unit for measuring grain moisture;
An operation control unit that controls the hot air generation device so that the temperature of the hot air becomes an arbitrarily set temperature, and that controls the drying operation until the grain moisture value measured by the grain moisture measurement unit reaches a dry finish moisture value; ,
In the circulating grain dryer with
The operation control unit is configured to reduce the rotational speed of the exhaust fan by an arbitrary rotational speed as the grain moisture value decreases during hot air drying, and increase the hot air temperature set value by an arbitrary temperature. Measures were taken.

  In addition, an outside air humidity sensor may be provided, and the operation control unit may further reduce the rotational speed of the exhaust fan according to an outside air humidity value measured by the outside air humidity sensor.

  Furthermore, the said operation control part is good to reduce the rotation speed of the said exhaust fan only by arbitrary rotation speed according to the amount of grain sticking.

  Moreover, the said operation control part is good to raise the said hot-air temperature setting value only by arbitrary temperature according to the amount of grain pasted.

  Furthermore, a grain temperature sensor for measuring the grain temperature is provided, and when the grain temperature measurement value reaches an arbitrary temperature that adversely affects grain quality, the rotational speed of the exhaust fan is increased by an arbitrary number of revolutions, and the hot air temperature It is better to lower the set value by an arbitrary temperature.

  The circulating grain dryer according to the present invention reduces the rotational speed of the exhaust fan by an arbitrary rotational speed as the measured grain moisture value decreases during hot air operation, and increases the hot air temperature setting value by an arbitrary temperature. I did it. As a result, even if the rotational speed of the exhaust fan decreases, the hot air set temperature is increased, so that the drying energy does not decrease, and the grain is dried in a state where the grain temperature is further increased. Improves and shortens drying time. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of kerosene fuel consumption corresponding to the shortened drying time, reduce the power consumption due to the decrease in the rotational speed of the exhaust fan, and perform energy-saving drying operation.

The front perspective view in the circulation type grain dryer of the present invention is shown. The rear perspective view in the circulation type grain dryer of the present invention is shown. The front longitudinal cross-sectional view in the circulation type grain dryer of this invention is shown. The block diagram in the operation control part of this invention is shown. The flowchart of the energy saving drying operation program in this invention is shown. The setting value of an example at the time of controlling the rotation speed of an exhaust fan with the fall of the grain moisture value in the energy saving drying operation program of this invention is represented. The setting value of an example at the time of controlling a hot air temperature setting value with the fall of the grain moisture value in the energy saving drying operation program of this invention is represented.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the circulation type grain dryer 1 according to the present invention as seen from the front upper side, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the same as seen from the rear upper side, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view as seen from the front side. The circulation type grain dryer 1 includes a storage part 2 for storing grains, a drying part 3 for drying grains by passing dry air, and a take-out part 4 for taking out the grain subjected to the ventilation outside the machine. Further, the take-out part 4 is connected to a grain recirculation means 5 for recirculating the taken-out grain to the storage part 2. The grain recirculation means 5 refers to the elevator 5a and the upper transport unit 5b. A grain dispersal device 5c facing the storage unit 2 is disposed at the conveyance end of the upper conveyance unit 5b. The storage part 2 is formed by being surrounded by a ceiling wall or a side wall. The drying unit 3 includes a hot air drum 6 horizontally disposed in the center, a grain flow passage (drying chamber) 7 horizontally disposed on both sides of the hot air drum 6, and an exhaust wind tunnel horizontally disposed on each side of the drying chamber 7. 8.

  A hot air generating means (burner) 9 is connected to one end opening of the hot air drum 6 so as to supply hot air. Then, the hot air supplied from the hot air generating means 9 to the hot air drum 6 passes through the hot air drum 6, the drying chamber 7 and the exhaust air drum 8, and is sucked by the air exhaust device 10 provided at the exhaust port of the exhaust air drum 8. Configure to be exhausted outside the machine. The rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 can be changed by an inverter control signal from an operation control unit 14 described later. A hot air temperature sensor 25 for measuring the temperature of the hot air is disposed inside the hot air drum 6, and a grain temperature sensor 16 for measuring the grain temperature is disposed below the grain flow passage (drying chamber) 7. . An outside air humidity sensor 17 is disposed on the outside air intake side of the burner 9. The side plate in the drying unit 3 is provided with an opening / closing lid 3a for tensioning.

  The take-out unit 4 includes a rotary valve 11 that is horizontally provided at a central position where the lower ends of the left and right grain lower layers 7 intersect, a lower conveyance unit 12 that is provided horizontally below the rotary valve 11, and the lower conveyance unit 12. And a funnel-shaped grain collection board (dashboard) 13 installed horizontally on both sides, so that the grain fed from the rotary valve 11 is collected in the lower transport section 12 and carried out of the machine. It has become. In addition, the conveyance termination | terminus side of the said lower conveyance part 12 is connected with the conveyance start end side of the said elevator 5a, and the conveyed grain is conveyed by the said elevator 5a. A known grain moisture meter 15 is disposed on the side of the elevator 5a.

  Next, the operation control unit 14 that controls the operation of the circulating grain dryer 1 will be described. An example of the operation control unit 14 is shown in a block diagram in FIG. The operation control unit 14 constitutes a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as “CPU”) 19, an input / output circuit (hereinafter referred to as “I / O”) 20 electrically connected to the CPU 19, and a write-only memory. The unit 21 (hereinafter referred to as “ROM”) and the writing / reading storage unit 22 (hereinafter referred to as “RAM”). In addition, an operation button 23 including a dry operation button, a tension operation button, a tension amount setting dial, a finishing moisture value setting dial and the like electrically connected to the I / O 20 is also configured. The operation operation button 23 includes an energy saving drying operation mode button related to the present invention in addition to a normal drying operation button and an air blowing operation button. In addition, the I / O 20 inputs the grain moisture meter 15, the hot air generating means 9, the power system drive circuit 24 for driving each motor (not shown) such as the elevator 5a and the rotary valve 11, and the drying operation conditions. In addition to the input setting unit 18 for setting, the grain temperature sensor 16, the outside air humidity sensor 17, and the hot air temperature sensor 25 are electrically connected.

  The ROM 21 stores a so-called energy saving drying operation program (FIG. 5) which is a characteristic configuration of the present invention.

Action:
Next, the operation of the circulation type grain dryer 1 will be described.
First of all, raw material graining operation is performed. After the operation is over, the input setting unit 18 sets and inputs conditions such as the dry finish moisture value and the amount of grain to be applied. Thereafter, the energy saving drying operation program (energy saving drying) is executed as follows.

Step 1, 2:
The energy-saving drying operation mode button (operation operation button 23) is pressed to start execution of the energy-saving drying operation program. When the execution of the energy-saving drying operation program is started, first, driving of the grain recirculation means 5, the rotary valve 11, the lower conveyance unit 12, and the like, which are the circulation system driving unit of the circulation type grain dryer 1, is started.

Step 3:
In this step, the hot air generating means 9 (burner) is driven to start hot air drying, and the hot air temperature is controlled in accordance with the set value of the grain tension (). For example, as shown in the standard drying of FIG. 7A, for example, when the amount of tension is “4”, the hot air temperature set value is 54 ° C., and the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor 25 is 54 ° C. Thus, the combustion of the burner 9 is controlled. On the other hand, at this time, the driving of the exhaust fan 10 (exhaust fan) is also started, and the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is controlled according to, for example, FIG. For example, when the tension amount is “4”, the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is controlled to 1250 rpm.

Step 4:
The grain moisture meter 15 measures grain moisture and reads the value.

Step 5:
The outside humidity sensor 17 measures the outside air humidity and reads each value.

Steps 6 and 7:
It is determined whether or not the measured moisture value is the dry finish moisture value. If the measured moisture value is the dry finish moisture value, the drying is finished (step 7). On the other hand, the dry finish moisture value is not reached. If yes, go to Step 8.

Steps 8 and 9:
In this step, it is determined whether or not the grain has been gradually dried and the grain moisture measurement value has become a predetermined moisture value or less. In the present embodiment, it is determined and monitored whether or not the grain moisture measurement value is, for example, 24% or less (step 7). If the grain moisture measurement value is 24% or less, the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is decreased (step 9). For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is decreased from 1250 rpm to 1100 rpm when the tension amount is “4”. Thereby, power consumption can be reduced. When the grain moisture measurement value is higher than 24%, the process proceeds to step 13 described later.

Steps 10 and 11:
Next, in order to determine how much the outside air humidity measurement value is, it is determined whether or not it is a predetermined value or more (step 10). The predetermined value is, for example, 65%, and when the measured value of outside air humidity is higher than 65% (high outside air humidity), the rotation speed of the exhaust fan 10 is not changed, and the exhaust fan according to FIG. 6B described above. The number of rotations of 10 is controlled. On the other hand, when the outside air humidity measurement value is 65% or less (low outside air humidity), control is performed to further reduce the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 according to FIG. 6C (step 11). For example, when the tension amount is “4”, the tension is reduced from 1100 rpm to 1030 rpm. Thereby, power consumption can further be reduced.

Step 12:
In this step, the hot air temperature set value is changed. The change of the hot air temperature set value is caused by reducing the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 in the step 9 and step 11, thereby reducing the amount of hot air passing through the drying chamber 7 and the associated drying energy. In order to compensate for the decrease, the hot air temperature set value is increased by an arbitrary temperature. Specifically, for example, when the tension amount is “4” and the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is decreased from 1250 rpm to 1100 rpm, the hot air temperature set value is controlled to increase from 54 ° C. to 59 ° C. (FIG. 7 (A) and FIG. 7 (B)). Further, as described above, when the outside air humidity measurement value is less than 65% (low outside air humidity) and the rotation speed of the exhaust fan 10 is further reduced, the hot air temperature set value is controlled to be further increased. For example, when the amount of tension is “4” and the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is decreased from 1100 rpm to 1030 rpm, the hot air temperature set value is controlled from 59 ° C. to 61 ° C. (FIG. 7B and FIG. 7 ( C)).
As a result, a decrease in drying energy is compensated for, so that the drying speed does not decrease. Rather, since the hot air temperature set value is raised and the hot air whose temperature has been raised is passed through the grains, the grain temperature rises more than before, and thereby the drying process is accelerated.

Step 13:
The grain temperature is measured by the grain temperature sensor 16 and the value is read.

Steps 14, 15, 16:
In this step, the grain temperature is checked so that the temperature of the grain during drying does not rise too much and adversely affects grain quality. Specifically, it is determined whether or not the grain temperature measurement value in step 13 is a predetermined temperature (for example, 40 ° C.) or more (step 14), and when the grain temperature measurement value is 40 ° C. or more, the grain temperature is too high. And the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is increased (step 15), and the hot air temperature set value is decreased (step 16). For example, when the tension amount is “4” and the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is 1100 rpm, the temperature is increased to 1250 rpm (see FIGS. 6B and 6A), and the hot air temperature set value is changed from 59 ° C. to 54 ° C. The temperature is lowered to ° C. (see FIGS. 7B and 7A). Similarly, for example, when the amount of the tensioner is “4” and the rotation speed of the exhaust fan 10 is 1030 rpm, it is increased to 1100 rpm (see FIGS. 6A and 6B), and the hot air temperature set value is set to 61. The temperature is lowered from 0 ° C. to 59 ° C. (see FIGS. 7B and 7A). After this process, the process returns to step 4 and the above steps are repeated. On the other hand, when the measured grain temperature is less than 40 ° C., it is determined that the grain temperature is a safe temperature that does not adversely affect grain quality, and the process returns to step 4 and repeats the above steps.

  According to the present invention, by executing the energy saving drying operation program, the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 can be reduced and the power consumption can be reduced as the grain moisture value decreases. Further, since the hot air set temperature is increased as the rotational speed of the exhaust fan 10 is decreased, drying is performed without lowering the drying energy and further increasing the grain temperature. As a result, the drying efficiency is improved, the drying time is shortened, and the amount of kerosene fuel consumption can be reduced because it is not necessary to use kerosene fuel by the amount of the shortened drying time. As described above, the energy-saving drying operation and the drying time can be shortened.

  In the above embodiment, only whether or not the outside air humidity is 65% or less is determined, but this is further determined stepwise by a plurality of values to control the exhaust fan and hot air temperature set value. You may do it.

  With the circulation type grain dryer of the present invention, when grain is dried, energy saving and drying time can be further shortened.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Circulating grain dryer 2 Storage part 3 Drying part 3a Opening / closing lid 4 Extraction part 5 Grain recirculation means 5a Elevator 5b Upper conveyance part 5c Grain disperser 6 Hot air drum 7 Drying chamber 8 Exhaust air drum 9 Hot air generating means (burner)
10 Ventilator (exhaust fan)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Rotary valve 12 Lower conveyance part 13 Grain collection board 14 Operation control part 15 Grain moisture meter 16 Grain temperature sensor 17 Outside air humidity sensor 18 Input setting part 19 Central processing part (CPU)
20 I / O circuit (I / O)
21 Write-only memory (ROM)
22 Write / read memory unit (RAM)
23 Operation button 24 Power system drive circuit 25 Hot air temperature sensor

Claims (5)

A storage tank section for storing grains;
A drying unit for drying the grain by passing the hot air generated by the hot air generator to the grain flowing down from the storage tank through the suction of the exhaust fan;
A discharge section for discharging grain in the drying section;
A reflux part for returning the grain discharged from the discharge part to the storage tank part via a bucket-type elevator and an upper lateral conveying means of the storage tank part;
A grain moisture measuring unit for measuring grain moisture;
An operation control unit that controls the hot air generation device so that the temperature of the hot air becomes an arbitrarily set temperature, and that controls the drying operation until the grain moisture value measured by the grain moisture measurement unit reaches a dry finish moisture value; ,
In the circulating grain dryer with
The operation control unit reduces the rotational speed of the exhaust fan by an arbitrary rotational speed as the grain moisture value decreases during hot air drying, and increases the hot air temperature set value by an arbitrary temperature. Circulating grain dryer.   The circulation type grain dryer according to claim 1, further comprising an outside air humidity sensor, wherein the operation control unit further reduces the rotational speed of the exhaust fan according to an outside air humidity value measured by the outside air humidity sensor.   The circulation type grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the operation control unit reduces the rotational speed of the exhaust fan by an arbitrary rotational speed in accordance with the amount of grain to be stretched.   The circulation type grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the operation control unit raises the hot air temperature set value by an arbitrary temperature in accordance with the amount of grain put in.   A grain temperature sensor for measuring grain temperature is provided, and when the measured grain temperature reaches an arbitrary temperature that adversely affects grain quality, the rotational speed of the exhaust fan is increased by an arbitrary number of revolutions, and the hot air temperature setting value The circulating grain dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the temperature is lowered by an arbitrary temperature.

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