JPH04121579A - Drying control system in crops particle drying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent quality of crop particles from being deteriorated by a method wherein a difference in enthalpy between a hot air and a discharged air is calculated in reference to their temperatures and humidities, a temperature of crop particles being dried is estimated on the basis of these values and the drying operation is stopped as this temperature reaches a predetermined value. CONSTITUTION:A moisture sensor 6 detects the same crop particle moisture as a set finished target moisture content. A hot air temperature sensor 21 detects a temperature (TA) of drying hot air. A hot air humidity sensor 22 detects a humidity (HA). An enthalpy (IA) for the drying hot air is calculated on the basis of these values. A discharged hot air temperature sensor 23 detects a temperature (TB) of the discharged air passed and discharged from the drying chamber 2. A discharged air humidity sensor 24 detects a humidity (HB) of the discharged hot air. An enthalpy (IB) of the discharged air is calculated. A crop particle temperature (WT1) of the crop particles being dried is assumed in reference to this enthalpy difference (IH) so as to detect whether the crop particle temperature (WT1) is the same as or more than the set crop particle temperature (WT). The drying device 5 is automatically stopped in reference to the fast got crop particle moisture content and crop particle temperature and thus the over-drying of the crop particles can be prevented.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology When grain moisture is no longer detected due to the moisture sensor, the grain dryer is no longer controlled to stop due to the grain moisture detected by this moisture sensor, and as a result, the grains being dried become over-dried. It has been the case that grains have a shell side, which causes the quality of the grains to deteriorate.

Means for Solving the Problems This invention ventilates hot air generated from a hot air device 3 to the grain drying chamber 2 while letting the grains flow down from the upper grain storage chamber 1 to the lower grain drying chamber 2. In a grain dryer that suctions and exhausts air with an exhaust fan 4 to dry the grains, the temperature and humidity of both the hot air and the exhaust air, and the enthalpy of these hot air and exhaust air are calculated and the enthalpy of both is calculated. A drying control characterized by calculating the difference, estimating the grain temperature during drying based on the calculated enthalpy difference, and controlling the drying of the grains to be stopped when the estimated grain temperature reaches a predetermined value. The structure of the method shall be as follows.

Effect of the Invention When the grain dryer is equipped with a moisture sensor for detecting grain moisture, the grains stored in the grain storage chamber 1 of this grain dryer are removed from the grain storage chamber 1. While the circulation of flowing out and flowing down inside the grain drying chamber 2 is repeated, the hot air generated from the hot air device 3 passes through the grain drying chamber 2 and is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 4, thereby drying the grains. The grains flowing down in the chamber 2 are exposed to this hot air and dried.

The grain moisture during this circulation drying is detected by the moisture sensor,
Either the grain moisture detected by this moisture sensor is the same as the finishing target moisture, or the temperature and humidity of both the hot air and the exhaust air are detected, and these are determined based on the detected temperature and detected humidity. The enthalpy of the hot air and the exhaust air is calculated, the difference between the enthalpy of the hot air and the enthalpy of the exhaust air is calculated, and the grain temperature during drying is estimated from this calculated enthalpy difference. It is assumed that the drying of the grains ends when the temperature reaches the set grain temperature.
The grain dryer is automatically controlled to stop drying the grains when whichever of these two reaches the earliest. Further, if a malfunction occurs in the moisture sensor during the drying operation and the moisture sensor no longer detects grain moisture, drying of the grains is stopped based on the estimated grain temperature.

Effects of the Invention According to this invention, in a grain dryer equipped with a moisture sensor, even when a malfunction occurs in the moisture sensor and the moisture in the grain is no longer detected, the difference between hot air and exhaust air can be improved. The grain temperature is estimated based on the enthalpy difference, and the grain drying is stopped and controlled based on this estimated grain temperature. The occurrence on the shell side is eliminated, and it is possible to prevent the quality of @grain from deteriorating.

Example Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

The ward system indicates a state in which a moisture sensor 6 and the like are attached to a circulation type grain dryer 5 that dries grains.

This dryer 5 has a rectangular shape that is long in the front and back direction, and has a transfer gutter 8 and a ceiling plate 9 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed in the upper part of the mechanism 7, and grains are stored below the ceiling plate 9. A grain storage chamber 1 is formed.

On the lower side of this storage chamber 1, ventilation chambers 10.1 on both left and right sides
0 and the ventilation chamber 11 in the center are the left and right grain drying chambers 2.
．． 2, and in the lower part of the drying chambers 2, 2, there are rotatably supported delivery valves 12 and 12 for feeding out and flowing down the grains.

The lower side of the drying chamber 2.2 is configured to communicate with a grain collecting trough 13 having a rotatably built-in transfer spiral.

On the front side of the mechanism 7, a hot air device 3 consisting of a burner case 16 equipped with a burner 14, a fuel pump 15, etc. is removably attached so as to correspond to the inlet side of the ventilation chamber 11, and on the outer side of the mechanism 7. An operating device 17 for starting and stopping the hot air device 3 and the dryer 5 for each operation of loading, drying, and discharging is removably attached.

Further, on the back side of the mechanism 7, there are left and right exhaust chambers 10 and 10.
An exhaust duct chamber 18 is formed which can communicate with the
The central rear side exhaust cylinder 19 is provided with an exhaust fan 4 and an exhaust fan motor 20 for rotationally driving the exhaust fan 4.

A hot air temperature sensor 21 and a hot air humidity sensor 22 are installed in the ventilation chamber 11 to detect the temperature and humidity inside the ventilation chamber 11.
The exhaust chamber 10 is provided with an exhaust temperature sensor 23 and an exhaust humidity sensor 24 for detecting the temperature and humidity of the exhaust air inside the exhaust chamber 10. There is.

Reference numeral 25 is a valve motor configured to rotationally drive the delivery valves 12, 12 via a speed reduction mechanism 26.

A supply port for supplying the transferred grains into the storage chamber 1 is provided at the center in the longitudinal direction of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 8, and below this supply port, the grains are evenly diffused and returned to the storage chamber 1. The configuration includes a diffusion plate 27 for

The grain raising machine 28 is provided on the front outside of the mechanism 7, has a belt with a packet conveyor 29 stretched inside, and has an upper end communicating with the starting end of the transfer gutter 8 by providing a discharging tube 30. A supply gutter 31 is provided between the lower end and the terminal end of the grain collecting gutter 13 to communicate with the lower end.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a grain hoist motor, which is configured to rotate the belt with the packet conveyor 29, the transfer spiral in the transfer 811s, the spreader plate 27, etc., and also rotates the transfer spiral in the grain collection gutter 13 to It is configured to be rotationally driven via a belt with a conveyor 29.

The moisture sensor 6 for detecting grain moisture is provided approximately at the vertical center of the grain raising machine 28.

This moisture sensor 6 is operated by transmitting an electrical measurement signal from the operating device 17 to cause the moisture motor 33 to rotate and each part of the moisture sensor 6 to rotate. It receives the grains, crushes the grains under pressure, and at the same time detects the water content of the crushed grains.

The operating device 17 has a box shape, and the surface plate of the box has a
A start switch 34 for starting the dryer 5, the moisture sensor 6, the hot air device 3, etc. for each operation of loading, drying, and discharging, and a stop switch 35 for stopping the dryer 5, the moisture sensor 6, the hot air device 3, etc. Moisture setting scoop 3 that sets the finishing target moisture content of grains depending on the operating position
6. The temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 14 is set depending on the operating position. Grain type setting raking 37 and loading amount setting raking 38, detected grain moisture, detected drying temperature, drying remaining time, etc. are alternately digitally displayed. The configuration includes a digital display section 39, a monitor, etc.

Moreover, there is an A-D converter 40 for A-D converting the detected value,
An input circuit 41 to which the converted value converted by this A-D converter 40 is input, an input circuit 42 to which various detected values are input,
A CPU 43 that performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from these input circuits 41 and 42. The drying controller 45 includes a drying control device 45 including an output circuit 44 that receives various commands from the CPU 43 and outputs them. The setting switches 36, 37, and 38 are of a rotary switch type, and are configured to set predetermined values and types depending on the operating position.

The drying stop control by the drying control device 45 is performed in one of the following ways. That is, on the one hand, the operation details of the moisture setting setting 36 are input to the CPU 43, and the finishing target moisture of the grain is set by this input. On the other hand, the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 6 is also
The detected grain moisture is inputted to U43, and the input detected grain moisture is compared with the set finishing target moisture, and when it is detected that the detected grain moisture has reached the finishing target moisture, each operating part of the dryer 5 is automatically stopped. The structure uses a moisture control system in which the drying of the grains is completed.

Additionally, the drying control device 45 has the following functions. That is, on the other hand, drying hot air which is a mixture of hot air generated by the burner 14 and outside air passing around this burner 14 is drawn into the ventilation chamber 11, but the temperature of this drying hot air (TA ) and humidity (HA) are determined by the hot air temperature sensor 2.
1 and the hot air humidity sensor 22 and the CPU
43, and the Enkleby (IA) of this drying hot air is calculated based on this input. Moreover, this drying hot air passes through the drying chambers 2, 2 and is discharged into the exhaust chamber 10.
．． The temperature (TB) and humidity (HB) of this exhaust air are detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor 23 and the exhaust air humidity sensor 24 and input to the CPU 43. The configuration is such that the enthalpy (IB) of exhaust air is calculated.

From the enthalpy (IA) of the drying hot air calculated above and the enthalpy (IB) of the exhaust air, the difference in enthalpy (
IH) is outputted by the CPU 43, and since this calculated enthalpy difference (IH) is equal to the enthalpy of grain, this calculated enthalpy difference (IH) is
The grain temperature (WT 1 ) during drying is estimated by this CPU 43 by IH), and this estimated grain temperature (WT 1 ) is the grain temperature (WT 1 ) set and stored in the CPU 43. When it is detected that the temperature is equal to or higher than WT), each operating part of the dryer 5 is automatically stopped to finish drying the grains.

Enthalpy difference (IH) = Exhaust air enthalpy (IB) -
Drying hot air enthalpy (IA) The drying stop control by automatic stopping of the dryer 5 is configured to be performed by either moisture control or grain temperature control, and if one of these two methods is reached earlier. This is a configuration in which drying stop is controlled on the other hand. Also, if a malfunction occurs in the moisture sensor 6 during the drying operation and the moisture sensor 6 no longer detects the grain moisture, the drying stop control by automatically stopping the dryer 5 is performed by controlling the grain temperature. The configuration is such that only

Hot air temperature for drying set in addition to the above and the hot air temperature sensor 2
1 is compared with the detected drying hot air, and if there is a difference, the fuel pump 15 and the like are controlled so that the temperature becomes the same as the set drying hot air temperature.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

By operating each setting knob 36, 37, 38 of the operating device 17 to a predetermined position and operating the start switch 34 to start drying, each part of the grain dryer 5, the burner 14 of the hot air device 3, and the moisture sensor are controlled. 6 etc. are started, and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 14 is selected and set.

This set hot air is generated from the burner 14, and the drying hot air in which this hot air and outside air are mixed passes through the grain drying chambers 2, 2 from the ventilation chamber 11 to the exhaust chamber 10.10 and the exhaust air. By passing through the passage chamber 18 and being sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 4,
The grains stored in the grain storage chamber 1 are exposed to this drying hot air and dried while flowing down from the storage chamber 1 into the drying chamber 22, and are fed out to the lower part by the feeding valve 12.12. The grains flow down from the collection gutter 13, pass through the feed gutter 31, and are transferred and supplied into the grain raising machine 28 by the lower transfer spiral, and are then fed to the packet conveyor 29.
It is conveyed to the upper part and supplied into the transfer gutter 8 through the dispensing tube 30, and from this transfer gutter 8, it is transferred and supplied onto the diffusion plate 27 by the upper transfer spiral, and from this diffusion plate 27 into the storage chamber 1. Either the grain moisture is uniformly diffused and reduced and circulated and dried, and the moisture sensor 6 detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting knob 36, or the temperature of the drying hot air (TA)
The hot air temperature sensor 21 detects the humidity (HA), the hot air humidity sensor 22 detects the humidity (HA), and from these detected temperature (TA) and detected humidity (HA), the enthalpy (I
A) is calculated, and the exhaust air temperature sensor 23 detects the temperature (TB) of the exhaust air when the drying hot air passes through the drying chamber 2 and is exhausted, and the exhaust air humidity sensor 23 detects the humidity (HB). 24 is detected, and the enthalpy (IB) of this exhaust air is calculated from these detected temperature (TB) and detected humidity (HB), and the enthalpy (IA) of this calculated hot air for drying and the enthalpy (I B) enthalpy difference from (IH)
is calculated, and the grain temperature (WTI) of the grain during drying is estimated from this calculated enthalpy difference (IH), and this estimated grain temperature (WTI) is the set grain temperature (WT).
The operating device 17 detects a value equal to or greater than , or the grain moisture or grain temperature of both of these, whichever reaches earlier.
The dryer 5 is automatically controlled by the drying control device 45 to automatically stop the drying of the grains.

Also, if a malfunction occurs in the moisture sensor 6 during this drying operation and it no longer detects grain moisture, the estimated grain temperature (
When WT 1 ) is detected to be equal to or higher than the set grain temperature (WT), the drying control device 45 of the operating device 17 automatically controls the dryer 5 to stop the drying of the grains. Ru.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between estimated grain temperature, grain moisture and drying time, and Fig. 3 is a partially cutaway diagram. An overall side view of the grain dryer, Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 3, Figure 5 is a rear view of a portion of the grain dryer, and Figure 6 is a partial view of the grain dryer. FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view partially cut away. Explanation of symbols Grain storage room 2 Grain drying room 3 Hot air device 4 Exhaust fan

Claims (1)

[Claims] While the grains are fed out and flowed down from the upper grain storage chamber 1 to the lower grain drying chamber 2, the hot air generated from the hot air device 3 is ventilated into the grain drying chamber 2, and the air is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 4. In a grain dryer for drying, the temperature and humidity of both the hot air and the exhaust air, the enthalpy of these hot air and the exhaust air are calculated, the difference in enthalpy between the two is calculated, and the difference between the calculated enthalpies is calculated. A drying control method characterized by estimating the temperature of grains during drying based on the temperature of the grains and stopping the drying of the grains when the estimated grain temperature reaches a predetermined value.