JPH0350486A - Malfunction position detecting system for grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent delay of dry finishing time of cereals and body cracks due to overdrying by calculating differences between theoretical temperature, moisture of discharging air and temperature, moisture detected at present of the discharging air based on detected moisture value of the cereals, and controlling to determine a predetermined malfunction position based on the difference. CONSTITUTION:Theoretical temperature, moisture of discharging air are calculated according to set temperature of hot blast set by the operations of temperature setting knobs 34 and moisture of cereals detected by a moisture sensor 6 during drying operation, differences between the theoretical temperature, moisture of the discharging air and the temperature of the air detected by a discharging air temperature sensor 4 and the moisture of the air detected by a discharging air moisture sensor 5 are calculated, and if a malfunction occurs at a cover 17 of a scavenging port, a stop of circulation of cereals, temperature sensors 3, 4, the sensor 5 and an operation unit 9, etc. the malfunction position is determined based on the calculated differences.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a method for detecting abnormalities in a grain dryer.

Conventional technology In the past, grains flowing down a drying chamber were exposed to hot air and dried by the hot air generated from a burner passing through the drying chamber and being discharged outside the machine. When the drying is detected to have the same grain content as the finishing target moisture content, the drying is controlled to stop. During this drying, the hot air temperature is detected by the hot air temperature sensor, and the exhaust air temperature is detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor. Drying control is carried out based on the detected results of air temperature and exhaust air temperature, but this method does not perform control to determine specific abnormalities. The problem that the invention aims to solve is that grains are repeatedly circulated downward in the drying chamber. The hot air generated from the burner passes through this drying chamber and is discharged outside the machine, where it is exposed to the hot air and dried, and when the moisture sensor detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture, the grains are dried. During this drying, the hot air temperature is detected by a hot air temperature sensor, and the hot air temperature is controlled so that the detected hot air temperature is the same as the set hot air temperature, and the exhaust air temperature is The temperature of the grains being dried is calculated based on the detected exhaust air temperature and the detected hot air temperature, and the hot air temperature is controlled so that this calculated grain temperature does not rise above the set grain temperature. The grain is then dried,
During this drying process, for example, if you forget to close the cover of the cleaning port for cleaning the inside of the dryer, or if a circulation stoppage occurs in the grains that are being circulated downstream, these abnormalities will be identified and controlled. It is something. Means for Solving the Problems This invention provides a hot air temperature sensor (3) that detects the temperature of hot air that is passed through a drying chamber (2) in which hot air is passed through a burner (1) and dried while the grains are flowing down. ), an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature and humidity of the exhaust air discharged from the drying room (2) to the outside of the machine, an exhaust air humidity sensor (5),
In a grain dryer equipped with a moisture sensor (6) that detects the moisture content of f2 grains during drying, the theoretical exhaust air temperature and exhaust air humidity based on the detected moisture value of the grains and the currently detected The structure of the abnormal point detection method is characterized in that the difference between the exhaust air temperature and the exhaust air humidity is calculated, and a predetermined abnormal point is controlled based on this difference. Effect of the invention The grains, which are repeatedly circulated in the drying chamber (2), are passed through the burner (
The hot air generated from 1) is passed through this drying chamber (2) and exhausted to the outside of the machine, where it is exposed to the hot air and dried, and the wood fraction sensor (6) is activated. When grain moisture is detected, the drying of the grains is controlled to stop, but the hot air temperature during this drying is detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3), and the hot air is adjusted so that the detected hot air temperature becomes the same as the set hot air temperature. The temperature is controlled and the exhaust air temperature is measured by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4)
The exhaust air humidity is detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (5), and the temperature of the grains being dried is calculated based on the detected exhaust air temperature and the detected hot air temperature, and this calculated grain temperature is The grains are dried because the hot air temperature is controlled so as not to rise above the set grain temperature, and the theoretical exhaust air temperature and exhaust air humidity are determined based on the set hot air temperature and the detected grain moisture. The difference between the calculated theoretical exhaust air temperature and theoretical exhaust air humidity and the detected exhaust air temperature and exhaust air humidity is calculated.
Based on this calculation difference, it is determined, for example, that the cover of the cleaning port has been forgotten to be tightened, or that there is a stoppage in the flow-down circulation of grains, and these abnormalities are determined. Effects of the Invention According to this invention, the theoretical exhaust air temperature and exhaust air humidity are calculated, and the calculated theoretical exhaust air temperature and theoretical exhaust air humidity are combined with the exhaust air temperature and exhaust air detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4). The difference between the humidity and the exhaust air humidity detected by the humidity sensor (5) is calculated, and based on this calculated difference, a predetermined abnormality occurring in the grain dryer is detected. For example, by being able to determine if you have forgotten to close the cover of the cleaning port, or if the grains have stopped running, it may be possible to delay the drying of the grains, or cause the grains to become over-dried.
1 no longer occurs. Embodiment In the illustrated example, (7) is a grain dryer, and the wall (8) of this dryer (7) is rectangular in shape in the front and back direction. Consisting of front and rear wall plates and left and right wall plates, this front wall plate has an operating device (9) for starting and stopping the dryer (7).
A burner case (lO) with a burner (1) inside is provided, and a fuel pump (11) for operating a fuel valve is provided on the outer side of the lower plate of the burner case (lO). (11) at the fuel tank (1
2) and supplies it to the burner (1), and a blower (13) and a variable speed motor (
10 is provided, and the rotation of this variable speed motor (14) causes the air blow a to be
(13) is rotatably driven to supply combustion air commensurate with the amount of supplied fuel to the burner (1), and an exhaust air m (15) and a motor (18) are provided on the rear wall plate. The left and right wall panels are provided with cleaning holes, and the sleeve openings are provided with a cover (17). At the center of the lower part of the machine wall (8), there is a grain collection trough (1 day) equipped with a transfer spiral in the front and back direction, and this grain collection trough (l8
) On the upper side, a formal drying chamber (2) is arranged in parallel between the ventilation networks and communicated with each other, and at the bottom of this drying chamber (2), a feeding valve (18) that feeds out the grains by rotation and flows down is mounted on a shaft. A hot air chamber (20) is formed between the inner sides of each of these drying chambers (2), and a hot air temperature sensor (3) for detecting the hot air temperature in this hot air chamber (20) is installed in this hot air chamber (2o). The hot air chamber (20) and the burner (1) are connected to each other,
Each drying room (2) has an air exhaust chamber (2l) on the outside, and inside this air exhaust chamber (2l) there is an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the exhaust air temperature and an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the exhaust air humidity. Exhaust air humidity sensor (5
), and each ventilation chamber (2l) and the ventilation II (15) are provided.
The motor (16) is configured to rotationally drive the transfer spiral in the grain collection gutter (18), each of the delivery valves (19), the exhaust fan (15), etc. A storage chamber (22) is formed above each of the drying chambers (2) and communicated with each other, and a ceiling plate (23) and a transfer gutter (20) equipped with a transfer spiral are provided above the storage chamber (22). A transfer gutter (20) is provided with a supply "1" in the center for supplying the transferred grains into this storage chamber (22), and a supply "1" is provided at the bottom of this supply port for distributing the grains evenly into the storage chamber (22). Reducing diffusion W (25
).

The grain raising machine (2B) is installed in front of the front wall plate, and inside thereof, a packet conveyor (27) belt is stretched between the upper and lower pulleys, and a belt is inserted between the upper end and the starting end of the transfer rod (20). Canister (2)
8) for communication, and a supply gutter (28) is provided between the lower end and the end f2 section of the grain collecting gutter (18) for communication. is the motor (30)
The motor (30) is connected to the packet conveyor (2).
7) The belt, the transfer gutter (the transfer spiral in 20, the diffusion ffl (25), etc.) are rotatably driven, and the packet conveyor (27) has a structure in which the packet conveyor (27) is conveying the packet to the upper part. A water sensor (6) is installed to receive the falling grains, crush the grains under pressure, and at the same time detect moisture in the crushed grains. Each part of the moisture sensor (6) is connected to an internal motor (31). The operating device (9) is box-shaped and has a start switch on the surface plate of the box for starting the drying a (7) for each operation of loading, drying, and discharging. (32), stop switch for stopping operation (
33) , each temperature setting soaker (34) that sets the temperature of the hot air generated from the parna (1) according to the grain type and the operation position of the staking machine, a moisture setting knob (35) that sets the finishing target moisture, and a detection The structure is equipped with a display window (3B) and a monitor display that alternately display hot air temperature, detected grain moisture content, and remaining drying time 1, and a drying control device (37) and a combustion control device (38) are installed inside. Each of the settings (35) and (3B) is a rotary switch type, and a predetermined value is set depending on the operating position. The drying control device (37) includes an A-D converter (39) that converts the detection value detected by the moisture sensor (6) from A to D.
, an input circuit (40) into which the converted value converted by this A-D converter (39) is input, each switch (32), (
33), an input circuit (4-1) into which the operation of the moisture setting knob (35) is input, and each of these input circuits (40).
CPU (42) This CPU (42) performs arithmetic logic @ calculation, comparison rA calculation, etc. on various input values input manually from (41).
The configuration includes an output circuit (43) that receives and outputs various commands issued from 2). The combustion control device (38
) are each temperature sensor (3). (4) and A- to A-D converting the detection value detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (5);
D converter (0), an input circuit (45) into which the converted value converted by this A-D converter (44) is input, an input circuit (45) into which the operation of each temperature setting switch (30, (30) is input circuit(
4B), these CPUs (42), . :(7) CPU
(42) This MA is equipped with an output circuit (43) that receives and outputs various commands from the machine. The drying control and the determination control of abnormal areas by the drying control device 21 (37) are carried out by the moisture sensor (6) adjusting the finishing target moisture and grain moisture set by operating the moisture setting arc (35). When detected and input to the CPU (42), the drying control device 1 (37) automatically controls the drying m (7) to automatically stop the abnormality location determination control. When the hot air temperature set by operating the temperature setting (34) is manually input to the CPU (42), the set heat NL temperature and the detected grain moisture are used to achieve the values shown in Figures 2 and 3. As such, the coefficient of variation (A) and coefficient of variation CB) set and stored in the CPU (42) are selected,
These coefficients of variation (A), (B) and the set hot air temperature are substituted into the following equations (a) and (b) set and stored in the CPU (42) to calculate the theoretical exhaust air temperature (TE ) and the theoretical exhaust air humidity (VE) are calculated. For example, if the set hot air temperature (TA) is 50°C and the detected grain moisture (89) is 17%, the second From the figure, the coefficient of variation (A
) was selected as 0.84, and from Figure 3 the coefficient of variation (B)
is selected as 1.6, and the theoretical exhaust air temperature (TE) is calculated as 32℃. Theoretical exhaust air temperature (TE) = Set hot air temperature (T^) x Coefficient of variation ( A)...(B) ノ/=50 ) X variation coefficient (B)...(mouth) tt =50Xl.El〃
= 80% These calculated theoretical exhaust air temperature (TE) 32°C and theoretical exhaust air humidity (VE) 80% and the exhaust air temperature sensor (4
) The exhaust air temperature (τB) detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (5) is compared with the exhaust air humidity (VB) detected by the exhaust air humidity sensor (5), and the detected exhaust air temperature (TB) is 40 ° C. When the detected exhaust air humidity (VB) is 75%, the exhaust air temperature difference (T) is calculated as 8°C from the following formula (c), and the exhaust air temperature difference (T) = detected exhaust air overflow degree. (TB) - Theoretical exhaust air temperature (T!)... (c) /l = 4 0 - 3 2〃
= 8℃ Also, the exhaust air humidity difference (V) is calculated as 5% from the following formula (2), and the exhaust air humidity difference (V) = detected exhaust air humidity (ve) - theoretical exhaust air humidity (VE) ...(2) // = 7 5 - 8 0〃
= 5% The calculated exhaust air temperature difference (T) 8°C and the calculated exhaust air humidity difference (v) 5%, and the exhaust air temperature difference (T) set and stored in the CPU (42). The system is designed to compare 5°C and the set and memorized exhaust air humidity (V) of 7%, and based on the area of this comparison result, abnormalities are determined and controlled as shown below. As a result of the comparison, the exhaust air temperature difference is outside the 5°C range of the set memory, and the exhaust air humidity difference is within the 7% range of the set memory, so outside air is directly drawn into the exhaust chamber (2L). This is because the cover (17) of the cleaning port
) is not completely tightened or has been forgotten.Contrary to the above, the exhaust air temperature difference is within the 5℃ range of the setting memory, and the exhaust air humidity difference is determined to be abnormal. is outside the range of 7% of the setting memory, it is configured to determine that there is an abnormality in which grains are not flowing down in the drying chamber (2), and the theoretical exhaust air temperature difference and theoretical exhaust air humidity difference 5 of setting memory together
℃ and within the range of 7%, it is determined that there is no abnormality in the dryer (7), and the theoretical exhaust air overflow difference and theoretical exhaust air humidity difference are both 5°C and 7% in the setting memory. If it is outside the range of 7%, the exhaust air temperature sensor (4), the exhaust air humidity sensor (5), and the operation device! ! (9) If an abnormality occurs in the drying control device L? This is a configuration that performs judgment control using (37). Combustion control by the combustion control device (38) includes:
The hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3) is the C
This input value and the hot air temperature set by operating each temperature setting switch (30) are input to the CPU (42).
42), this input value is compared, and if there is a difference, the number of times the fuel valve is opened and closed is controlled so that the temperature becomes the same as the set hot air temperature, and the fuel pump (l1)
The hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (3) and the exhaust air overflow level detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (4) are controlled by the CPU (42). )
The temperature of the grain being dried is calculated by this CPU (42) based on these input values, and this calculated grain temperature and the grain temperature set and stored in the CPU (42), for example, 43 The system is designed to control the hot air temperature so that the calculated grain temperature does not rise above the set grain temperature of 43°C. The operation of the above embodiment will be explained below. Operating device (
9) to the respective setting positions (34), (34), and (35), and turn the start switch (32) to start the drying work.
), various parts of the grain drying 4m (7), burner (1), moisture sensor (6), etc. are started, hot air is generated from this burner (1), and this hot air is sent to the hot air chamber (2).
0) cross-ventilates the drying room (2). The grains stored in the storage chamber (22) of this dryer (7) are removed from the storage chamber (22) by being suctioned and exhausted by the exhaust fan (15) through the 1-air chamber (2L). While flowing down inside the drying chamber (2), the grain is exposed to the hot air and dried, and the grain is fed out to the lower part by the feeding valve (13) and flows down, from inside the collection gutter (18) to the supply gutter (2).
9), the grains are transferred into the hoisting machine (20) by the lower transfer spiral, are transported to the upper part by the packet conveyor (27), are fed through the dispensing tube (28), and are fed into the transfer gutter (20). (from 20 to the diffusion plate (25) by the upper transfer spiral, and in this diffusion plate (25) it is evenly diffused and reduced into the storage chamber (22), circulated and dried, and the moisture sensor (6)
) detects the same grain moisture as the finishing standard moisture set by operating the moisture setting knob (35), the operating device (9)
The dryer (7) is automatically controlled by the drying control device W1 (37) of the dryer (7).
) will automatically stop. During this drying work, the theoretical exhaust air humidity and exhaust air humidity are calculated based on the set hot air temperature set in step 30 and the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (6). The exhaust air temperature and exhaust air humidity sensor (5) detects this theoretical exhaust air temperature and exhaust air humidity with the exhaust air temperature sensor (4).
The difference between the humidity and the exhaust air humidity detected by the temperature sensor (3) is calculated, and based on this calculation difference, the cleaning port cover (17), the stoppage of grain circulation, and the respective temperature sensors (3) are installed. (4). The exhaust air humidity sensor (
5), the operating device (9), etc., the location of the abnormality is determined.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a block diagram, and Fig. 2 shows set hot air temperature, grain wood fraction, and coefficient of variation (
Figure 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between set hot air temperature, grain moisture and coefficient of variation (B), Figure 4 is an overall side view of the grain dryer that can be partially cut away, and Figure 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between A) and Figure 3. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view of a part of the grain dryer. In the figure, (1) is the burner, (2) is the drying chamber, (3) is the hot air temperature sensor, (4) is the exhaust air velocity sensor, (5) is the exhaust air humidity sensor, and (6) is the moisture sensor. is shown.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A hot air temperature sensor (3) detects the temperature of the hot air that is passed through the drying chamber (2) where the hot air is passed through the burner (1) and dried while the grains are flowing down, and from this drying chamber (2) to the outside of the machine. Grain provided with an exhaust air temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature and humidity of the exhaust air, an exhaust air humidity sensor (5), and a moisture sensor (6) that detects grain moisture during drying. In the dryer, the theoretical exhaust air temperature and exhaust air humidity based on the detected moisture value of the grain, and the currently detected exhaust air temperature,
and exhaust air humidity, and based on this difference, a predetermined abnormal location is determined and controlled.