JPH01219491A - Control system for cereals grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To properly use temperature control and airflow control according to the moisture content of cereals powder and to stabilize dry of cereals, by a method wherein automatic control is effected through combination of airflow control to control dryness by varying an amount of air fed to cereals to be dried and temperature control to control dryness by varying the heating temperature of hot air. CONSTITUTION:During a drying work, from a detecting moisture content detected by a moisture content sensor 26, a dry reduction ratio of cereals powder is computed. The detecting dry reduction ratio is compared with a set dry reduction ratio set by control of a dry reduction ratio knob, and when they are different from each other, dry control is made so that it is adjusted to the set dry reduction ratio. In the dry control, when a detecting moisture content detected by a moisture content sensor 26 is low or unevenness in a detecting moisture content is low, cereals powder is dried through temperature control in which the temperature of hot air generated by a burner 4 is controlled. Reversely, when a detecting moisture content is high and unevenness in a moisture content is high, cereals is dried by airflow control in which an amount of the open air sucked and exhaust by an exhauster 8 and fed to the cereals powder is controlled. Since, as noted above, dry control of the cereals powder is effected in a way that the cereals powder are dried by temperature control or airflow control according to the moisture content of the cereals powder or unevenness in a moisture content, drying of the cereals powder is stabilized.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a grain drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology Conventionally, drying of grains has been controlled by either air volume control that changes the amount of air blown to the grains or temperature control that changes the heating temperature of hot air so that the drying rate is the same as the set drying rate. It was a drying control method in which grains were dried by controlling either one of them.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The grains are exposed to hot air generated from a burner and a blast of outside air passing around the burner to dry them, and during this drying, the detected drying rate of the grains increases. If the drying rate is not the same as the set drying rate, regardless of the moisture content of the grains being dried or variations in this moisture content, if the temperature control method is used, if the detected drying rate is greater than the set drying rate, the hot air temperature will be changed. By controlling the hot air temperature to a low temperature to dry the grains, and when the detected drying rate is less than the set drying rate, controlling the hot air temperature to a high temperature to dry the grains, drying the grains with high moisture. When grains with high moisture content are exposed to hot air at high temperatures, the difference between the average moisture content and the maximum moisture content is large. Grain quality may deteriorate,
In addition, the taste sometimes deteriorated.

In addition, if the air volume control method is used, when the detected drying rate is higher than the set drying rate, the amount of outside air is controlled to decrease to dry the grains, and when the detected drying rate is lower than the set drying rate, By increasing and controlling the amount of outside air blown to dry the grains, if the moisture content of the grains falls into a low moisture range, the drying rate may not improve even if only the amount of outside air blown is increased and controlled. For this reason, drying of the grains may not be completed within a predetermined time.

Means for Solving the Problems This invention provides a grain dryer that blows hot air onto grains to dry them. The structure of the grain drying control system is characterized in that automatic control is performed in combination with temperature control and drying control.

Effect of the Invention The grains are exposed to hot air and outside air blowing from the burner to dry them, and when the drying rate of the grains is less than the set drying rate, When the moisture content of the grain is more than a predetermined moisture content and the moisture variation of the grain is more than a predetermined value, only the amount of outside air blown to the grain is controlled to increase by a predetermined amount, and the grain is dried. When the drying rate is less than the set drying rate, the moisture content of the grains being dried is less than the predetermined moisture content, and the moisture variation of the grains is less than the predetermined moisture content, only the hot air temperature is controlled to a predetermined high temperature. The grains are dried.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, grains are dried by controlling the drying loss rate, and when the moisture content of the grains during drying is high and the moisture content of the grains varies widely, the amount of air blown is reduced. The drying loss rate of the grains is controlled by controlling the air flow rate, and when the moisture content of the grains during drying is low and the moisture variation of the grains is small, the temperature control of the hot air temperature is used to control the drying rate of the grains. By controlling the drying rate of the grains, when the grains have high moisture content or a large variation in moisture content, they will not be dried with high-temperature hot air, which will reduce the quality of the grains or reduce the taste. Good drying of grains can be achieved without any decrease in grain content.

Example In addition, when rotating, the dryer +1) model (2) has a rectangular shape long in the front and back direction and consists of 5 front and rear wall plates and left and right wall plates, and the dryer (1) is installed on this front wall plate. , a burner case (5) containing an operating device +3) for performing a stop operation and a burner (4) is provided, a fuel pump (6) having a fuel valve is provided on the outside of the lower plate of the burner case (5),
This fuel pump (6) sucks fuel in the fuel tank (7) and supplies it to the burner (4).A blower is provided on the outside of the upper plate, and this blower is connected to a motor. The blower is rotated by the blower and blows combustion air to the burner (4), and the rear wall plate is equipped with an exhaust fan (8).
This is a configuration with a

A storage chamber (9) is formed in the upper part of the machine W (21), and a drying chamber +In in which a delivery valve 0 is rotatably supported is arranged in parallel and communicated with the lower side of this storage chamber (9). Each drying room (1
On the lower side of υ, a grain collection gutter aδ in which a transfer spiral is rotatably supported is provided and communicated with the drying chambers 0υ, (1υ). and communicates with the burner (4), and each drying chamber C1
1) A ventilation chamber (19) is formed on the outside and communicated with the ventilation fan (8), and a motor (+19) and a variable speed motor (+7) are provided on the rear wall plate. IQ rotates the delivery valve (11) and the transfer spiral, and the variable speed motor rotates the exhaust fan (8) at variable speeds.

At the upper side of the storage chamber (9), there is provided a ceiling plate (former) and a transfer gutter +1'l equipped with a transfer spiral; A supply port is provided, and a diffusion plate 4 is provided below the supply port.

A grain hoist (211) is provided in front of the front wall plate, a packet conveyor +28 belt is stretched between the upper and lower pulleys, and a dispensing tube (211) is installed between the upper end and the starting end of the transfer gutter (Fj). ?
3 is provided for communication, and a supply gutter A!4 is provided between the lower end and the terminal end of the grain hoist (18), and a motor 4 is provided on the upper part of the grain hoist +211. , this motor 4 connects the packet conveyor (23 belts, the transfer gutter t
This is a configuration in which the transfer spiral, the diffusion plate rza, etc. in Fl are rotationally driven.

In addition, there is a moisture sensor (2B) in the center vertically.
This moisture sensor has a structure in which a motor fin is provided inside the sensor, and this motor (5) is rotated by the transmission of an electrical measurement signal from the operation device fi (3). Each part of the moisture sensor (to) is rotated,
The grains that fall while being conveyed to the upper part of the packet conveyor Qa are picked up one by one and crushed under pressure, and at the same time, the moisture content of the 32 crushed grains is detected as grain moisture. The detected moisture content of these 32 grains is input to the operating device (3), the average moisture content of the grains is detected, and the drying rate of the grains is calculated from this detected average moisture content.

The operating device 3) is box-shaped, and the surface plate of the box includes a tensioning start switch +21 for starting the dryer +11 for each operation, a drying start switch (2 m, a discharge start switch O1, and a drying start switch O1). A stop switch 0υ is used to stop (1), a grain type setting (support) is used to set the hot air temperature generated from the burner (4), a setting amount is set 03, and a drying ratio is used to set the grain drying rate. Rate setting (B), Moisture setting (To) to set the grain finishing target moisture, Increase switch OQ to set increase/decrease in drying time, Decrease switch (B), Hot air temperature, grain moisture, remaining time, etc. It has a display window and monitor display that are displayed alternately, and a control device and a drying control device inside. Quantity measurement 03. The drying loss rate wax (B) and the moisture content measurement country are rotary switch systems, and the burner ( The temperature of the hot air generated from 4) is set, and the drying rate of the grain is set depending on the operating position of the drying rate hunting (b),
Further, the finishing target moisture content of the grains is set by the operating position of the moisture trap 09.

The drying control device 11 (I is the hot air temperature sensor (13)
1 and the detection value detected by the moisture sensor Qe A-D
A-D converter 1411 to convert, this A-D converter ll
The input circuit into which the converted value converted in step 11 is input @no, the grain type (to), the filling amount (0) and the drying rate (
(b) and an input circuit θ into which the operation of the water trap 09 is input.
j, each of these input circuits 6, a CPU that performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values inputted from the old CPU, and an output circuit that receives and outputs various commands from this CPU. It is.

The control device (to) controls each of the starting switches for loading, drying and discharging +21. +21. (to), the stop switch G
υ, an input circuit into which operations such as the increase switch (to) and the decrease switch are input; the CPU which performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from this input circuit; This configuration includes an output circuit that receives various commands from - and outputs them.

When performing stakeout work, when the stakeout start switch is operated, this operation is input to the control device eiO1, and this control device (to) starts the dryer (to which grains are required for stakeout). Each part of 1) is rotationally driven and controlled.

This dryer +11 has a structure that allows grain to be loaded.
When the dryer (1) is full of grains, the grain sensor detects this full amount, and the control device (1) automatically controls the dryer (1).
) is configured to automatically stop.

When carrying out drying work, the above-mentioned grain type hunting (support),
When you operate the filling amount o3, the drying loss rate (b), and the moisture absorbing country, this operation is the drying control bag! !
- and when the drying start switch +21 is operated, this operation is input to the control device I@, and the dryer (
Each part of 11 is rotationally driven to dry the grains, and the moisture sensor Qe detects the moisture content of the grains.
Until the drying rate of the grain is calculated from this detected moisture, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (4) is the same as that of the grain type and amount of grain. The amount of outside air that is controlled to the set hot air temperature set by the operation and sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan (8) is blown to the grains according to the above C.
The rotation of the variable speed motor (m) is controlled so that the standard air blowing amount set and stored in the PU is blown.

The detected grain drying rate and the set drying rate set by operating the drying rate setting (b) are compared in the drying control device 6G, and if there is a difference, the drying rate is adjusted so that the drying rate is the same. Although the configuration is controlled by a control bag [441], when the detected drying rate is less than or equal to the set drying rate, the detected moisture detected by the moisture sensor 4 is set and stored in the CPU 1441. For example, if the moisture content is 18% or more, or if the variation in the 32 moisture particles detected by the moisture sensor 4 is
For example, when the CP is set to 3% or more, the drying control device (G)
Control the variable speed motor (lη) set and stored in U14@ to a predetermined high speed rotation, and set and store the standard amount of air to be sucked and blown by the exhaust fan (8) by the predetermined amount set and stored in the CPU sakia. The air volume is controlled so that the drying rate is the same as the set drying rate, and contrary to the above, the detected moisture is 18%.
In the following cases, or when the detected moisture variation is 3% or less,
In any of these cases, use the drying control table! At 2210,
The number of opening and closing times of the fuel valve set and stored in the CPUf44 is controlled to increase by a predetermined number of times, and the fuel pump (6)
The amount of fuel sucked in and supplied to the burner (4) is controlled to increase, and the set hot air temperature generated from this burner (4) is controlled to a predetermined high temperature, and the temperature is adjusted to be the same as the set drying rate. This is a control configuration.

Also, when the detected drying rate is higher than the set drying rate, the detected moisture is 1
8% or more, or when the detected moisture variation is 3% or more, in either of these cases, contrary to the above, the drying control device I (company) controls the standard air flow rate to decrease by a predetermined amount,
It is configured to control the air flow so that it is the same as the set drying rate, and contrary to the above, when the drying loss rate is 18% or less, or when the detected moisture variation is 3% or less, in either of these cases, the The drying control device 60 controls the set hot air temperature to a predetermined low temperature and controls the temperature to be the same as the set drying loss rate.

Compare the detected hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (+31) with the set hot air temperature set by operating the grain type setting (support) and the setting amount setting 03, and set if there is a difference. The number of openings and closings of the fuel valve is changed so that the temperature is the same as the hot air temperature, and the amount of fuel sucked by the fuel pump (6) and supplied to the burner (4) is controlled by the drying control device 1. When the moisture sensor 4 detects the same grain moisture as the set finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture sensor (g), the drying control table e) automatically controls the drying machine. (1) is configured to automatically stop.

For example, within one hour from the start of drying, the temperature control that controls the hot air temperature is not performed, and the air volume control is used to control the amount of air blown. When the moisture content of the grain is high, the grain may be dried by controlling the air flow to prevent the grain temperature from rising, thereby stabilizing the quality of the grain.

When performing discharge work, operate the discharge start switch (to), and this operation will cause the control table to start! ! (to), and this control device (to) rotates each part of the dryer (1) necessary for discharging grains, and is configured to be able to discharge grains. 1) When there are no more grains in the dryer (1), when the stop switch CD@: is operated, this operation is input to the control device (to), which automatically controls this control table MCB to automatically stop this dryer (1). It is the composition.

After operating the loading start switch 4 of the operating device M (3) and loading the grain into the dryer (1), select the type of grain and the amount of loaded grain using the operating device (3). (To), the drying rate control (B) and the moisture control (To) are operated to the predetermined positions, and the drying start switch (To) is operated, the dryer (1),
Moisture sensor I2g and burner (4) start, hot air is generated from this burner (4), and this hot air and this burner (
4) The outside air passing through the surrounding area is passed through the hot air chamber (to) to the drying chamber (1υ), passed through the exhaust chamber (19), sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan (8), and stored in the storage chamber (9). The grains are dried by being exposed to the hot air while flowing down from the storage chamber (9) into the drying chamber 011, and then are delivered to the lower part by the delivery valve (11) and flowed down to be supplied into the grain collecting trough 021. The grain is transferred from this collecting trough, through the supply trough Q4, into the grain hoist 1) by the lower transfer spiral, conveyed to the upper part by the packet conveyor Qi5, and then passed through the dumping tube (toward) to the transfer trough (inside). From this transfer gutter (l), it is transferred to the top of the diffusion plate by the upper transfer spiral, and is circulated and dried to the same finish target moisture as set by the moisture sensor 4 operating the moisture waxing (to). When grain moisture is detected, the dryer (1) is automatically stopped by automatic control using the drying control table gt■ of the operating device (3).

During this drying work, the drying rate of the grain is calculated from the moisture detected by the moisture sensor (a), and the settings are set by operating this detected drying rate and the drying rate (b). The drying loss rate is compared, and if there is a difference, drying is controlled to be the same as the set drying loss rate, but this drying control is performed by the moisture sensor (
When the detected moisture detected by the burner (b) is low or the variation in this detected moisture is small,
) The grains are dried by temperature control that controls the temperature of the hot air generated from the air exhaust fan (8). The grains are dried by air volume control that controls the amount of outside air that is sucked and exhausted to the grains.

Drying of the grains is controlled by temperature control or air volume control depending on the moisture content of the grains and variations in this moisture content, thereby stabilizing the drying of the grains.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is a flowchart, Fig. 3 is an overall side view of the dryer partially cut away, and Fig. 4 is Fig. 3. FIG. 5 is a rear view of a portion of the dryer, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between air volume control and temperature control, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view of a portion of the dryer. In the figure, code (1) is the dryer, (3) is the operating device, and (4)
indicates a burner, and (8) indicates an exhaust fan.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a grain dryer that blows hot air onto grains to dry them,
A grain drying control method characterized by automatically controlling a combination of air volume control that controls drying by changing the amount of air blown to dry grains and temperature control that controls drying by changing the heating temperature of hot air.