JPH0313783A - Control system of drying of grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To dry grains stably by reducing the quantity of the flowing-down of grains in a drying chamber and the quantity of air passing in the drying chamber on the basis of the dispersion of the initial moisture of grains and controlling the temperature of hot air so as to approximately equalize drying heat given to grains. CONSTITUTION:The quantity of the flowing-down of grains flowing down in a drying chamber 1, the quantity of ventilation passing in the drying chamber 1 and the temperature of hot air passing in the drying chamber 1 are controlled by the dispersion of the initial moisture of grains to be dried detected by a moisture sensor 2. Consequently, when the dispersion of the moisture of grains is large, both the quantity of flowing-down and the quantity of ventilation are controlled so as to be increased, and drying heat given to grains is controlled so as to approximately equalize, thus drying grains by an air-quantity type, not a hot air type. Accordingly, the barrel-cracking generation rate of grains is also reduced, the drying factor of grains is not lowered, and grains are dried stably.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a drying control method for a grain dryer.

Conventional technology Conventionally, while grains are repeatedly circulated through a drying chamber, a hot air temperature is set based on the amount of grains to be dried and the initial moisture content of the grains detected by a moisture sensor. This is a drying control method in which the grains passing through the drying chamber and flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to the hot air and dried, and depending on the initial moisture content of the grains detected by the moisture sensor,
A drying control method in which the temperature of hot air is not controlled so that the amount of grain flowing down the drying chamber, the amount of air passing through this drying chamber, and the drying heat given to the grains flowing down are almost the same. there were.

Problems that the invention aims to solve The grains flow down the drying chamber in a repeated cycle.

Depending on the amount of grain to be dried and the initial grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor, for example, if the amount of grain to be dried is large and the grain moisture is high, the hot air temperature may be set to a high temperature. This set high temperature hot air passes through the drying chamber, and the grains flowing down the drying chamber are exposed to this hot air and dried.

If there is a large variation in the initial moisture content of the grains during drying, if the grains are dried using a hot air temperature that matches the high moisture content of the grains, the high moisture content will be higher than that of the low moisture content of the grains. The drying rate of the grain becomes high, which makes the high-moisture grain more likely to develop shell side, and when moisture transfer occurs from the high-moisture grain to the low-moisture grain, Due to the large variation in grain moisture, the incidence of low-moisture grains on the body side increases, and the quality of the grains deteriorates. Means for Solving the Problems This invention provides: In a grain dryer that circulates and transfers grains to a drying chamber (1) while blowing hot air to dry them, a moisture sensor (2) detects the initial control of the grains being transported, and The drying control method is characterized in that drying is performed by controlling the increase or decrease of the air volume to make the drying heat given to the grains almost the same.

Ru.

Effect of the invention While the grains are repeatedly circulated down the drying chamber (1),
The hot air temperature is set based on the amount of grain to be dried and the initial grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (2), and the set hot air passes through the drying chamber (1). The grains flowing under the water are exposed to dryness, and the moisture sensor (2) detects the initial moisture content of the grains to detect variations in the grains. The amount of flow flowing down the drying chamber (1) is controlled to increase by a predetermined amount, and this drying chamber (1)
The amount of air passing through the drying chamber (11) is also controlled to increase by a predetermined amount, and the temperature of the hot air set above is controlled to increase by a predetermined temperature so that the drying heat imparted to the grains flowing down the drying chamber (11) is approximately the same. The grains are then dried.

Effects of the Invention With this invention, depending on the initial moisture content of the grains to be dried, the amount of grains flowing down the drying chamber (11), the amount of ventilation passing through this drying chamber (1), and the amount of air flowing through this drying chamber (1) By controlling the temperature of the hot air that passes through it, for example, if there is a large variation in the moisture content of the grains, both the flow rate and the ventilation amount are controlled to be large, and the drying heat applied to the grains is controlled to be approximately the same. By being controlled, the drying of the grains is done by the air flow type rather than the hot air type, which reduces the incidence of grain development on the shell side, and also controls the drying heat to be almost the same. As a result, the drying rate of the grains does not decrease and stable drying of the grains is performed.

Example In the rotation, (3) is a grain dryer, and the mechanism (4) of this dryer (3) has a rectangular shape that is long in the front and back direction, and consists of front and rear wall plates and left and right wall plates. A burner case (7) containing an operating device (5) for starting and stopping the dryer (3) and a burner (6) is installed on the front wall plate.
A fuel pump (8) having a fuel valve is provided on the outer side of the lower plate of the burner case (7), and when the fuel valve is opened and closed, the fuel pump (8) sucks the fuel in the fuel tank (9), and the burner (6), and a blower (10) and a variable-speed blower motor (11) that drives the blower fl[l to rotate at variable speeds are installed on the outside of the upper plate, and this blower (1 The structure is such that combustion air is supplied to the burner (6), and an exhaust fan +1 is installed on the rear wall plate.
21, This exhaust fan (1δ is a variable speed exhaust fan motor that drives variable speed rotation (1 yen and delivery valve (141) is a speed reduction mechanism +
This configuration includes a variable speed valve motor (1119) which is rotated and driven via variable speed valve motor 151.

In the center of the lower part of the mechanism (4), there is a grain collection gutter (1''A) which is equipped with a transfer spiral in the front and back direction, and this grain collection gutter (17
On the upper side of 1, there are drying chambers (11) formed between ventilation mesh plates that are arranged in parallel and communicated with each other, and in the lower part of this drying chamber (1), there is installed a feeding valve 041 that feeds out the grains and lets them flow down. A hot air chamber the is formed between the inner sides of each drying chamber (1) and is communicated with the burner (6).
19, and an exhaust chamber c! is provided outside each drying chamber (1). This is a configuration in which an exhaust fan is formed and communicated with the exhaust fan.

A storage chamber (211) is formed on the upper side of the drying chamber (1) and communicated with the storage chamber (211), and a transfer gutter (end) equipped with a ceiling plate Qδ and a transfer spiral is provided on the upper side of this storage chamber 21. A supply port for supplying the transferred grains into the storage chamber 2+1 is provided in the storage chamber 2+1, and a diffusion plate 1241 is provided below the supply port to uniformly diffuse and return the grains to the storage chamber Q1). be.

The grain raising machine is installed in the front part of the front wall plate, and a packet conveyor Qe belt is stretched between the upper and lower pulleys inside, and a dumping cylinder (5 ) is provided for communication, and a supply gutter (21) is provided and communicated between the lower end and the terminal end of the grain hoist (171), and a grain hoist motor is installed at the top of this hoist 9. A grain raising machine motor (c) moves the grain through the packet conveyor 126 belt, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter □□□, the spreading plate Q41, and the packet conveyor 126 belt into the grain collection gutter ( The transfer spiral in l9 is rotatably driven, and in the center in the vertical direction, grains falling while being conveyed to the upper part by the packet conveyor c!e are received, and the grains are crushed under pressure. At the same time, a moisture sensor (2) for detecting moisture in the crushed grains is provided, and each part of this moisture sensor (2) is connected to the operating device (5).
), the moisture motor O1 in this moisture sensor (2) rotates, causing the moisture sensor (2) to rotate.
2) is configured to rotate.

The operating device (5) is box-shaped, and the front panel of the box includes a start switch (311) for starting the dryer (3), a start switch (311) for starting the drying machine, and a stop switch (311) for stopping the dryer (3) for each of drying and discharging operations. Switch (support), each temperature setting opening 1 in which the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (6) is set depending on the operating position
, Moisture setting setting in which the grain finishing target moisture is set by the operating position (b), the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (2), the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (9),
The configuration includes a display window 09 and a monitor display for displaying the remaining drying time, etc., and a drying control device OQ and a combustion control device (5) are installed inside, and each setting
11, C33, (to) is a rotary switch, and is configured to set a predetermined numerical value depending on the operating position.

The drying control device ((Q) is an A-D converter (to) that converts the detection value detected by the moisture sensor (2) from A to D, and a conversion value converted by this A-D converter (to). The input circuit (to) to which is inputted, the input circuit to which the operation of each of the switches 0υ, (to) and the moisture setting setting (b) are inputted, the various inputs from these input circuits (to), 6G CPU 14 that performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on input values.
11. The configuration includes an output circuit 142) that receives and outputs various commands from the CPU Iυ.

The combustion control device is configured to convert the detected values detected by the hot air temperature sensor (19 and the outside air temperature sensor) into analog to digital.
- to the input circuit into which the converted value converted by the A-D converter H3 is input), and each of the temperature settings 03
The input circuit (g) into which the operation of is input, the cptJf411 which performs arithmetic and logical operations and comparison operations on various input values input from these input circuits (g), and this CPU.
Drying control, control of the flow rate of grain circulation, and air volume control are carried out by the 6-hour drying control device OE, which has an output circuit he that receives and outputs various commands from the 14υ, and is configured as follows. Yes, the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (2) is input to the CPU H, and when this input detected grain moisture and the moisture setting setting are operated, the CP is set by this operation. A configuration in which the drying control device GQ automatically controls and automatically stops the dryer (3) when the detected grain moisture content is compared with the set finishing target moisture input to the U f411 and becomes the same as the setting finishing target moisture content. The variation in initial grain moisture detected by this moisture sensor (2) is as shown in (a) in Figure 2.
Or it is detected as in (b) and input to the CPU←υ,
This input variation in the detected initial moisture content (a) or (
b) and the standard grain moisture variation (c) set and stored in the CPU @11 are compared, and (b) - (c) = (A) or (b) - (c) = (B) and the amount of variation are detected, and the difference between this detected (A), or (B) and (C) set and stored in each CPU 1) is detected, and the detected amount is When (A) or (B) is detected to be a larger value than (C) in the setting memory, the amount of drying air flowing through the drying chamber (1) and the amount of grain flowing down and circulating. is controlled to increase as described below, and contrary to the above, when a small value is detected, neither the drying air volume nor the downstream circulation volume is changed.

Drying air flow rate at (C) value in setting memory: 0.55 m/se
As shown in Fig. 3, c is the variation amount (A) or (B) the air volume individually set and stored in the CPU U H (
A) If the value is 0.7m/see, then (B)
If the value is 0.6 m/sec, then the rotation speed of the exhaust fan motor (11) is increased to a predetermined rotation speed set and stored in the CPU f411 so that these dry air volumes are achieved. At the same time, the rotation of the exhaust fan is controlled and the amount of suction drying air sucked and exhausted at 1δ is controlled to increase.
Also, the amount of grain circulation at the (C) value in the setting memory is 4.5.
As shown in Fig. 4, t/hr is the variation amount (A) or (
B) If the downstream circulation amount individually set and stored in the CPU@υ is the value (A), it is selected as 5t/hr, and (B
) value, 5.7/hr is selected, and the rotation speed of the valve motor (1e) is selected to achieve these downstream circulation amounts.
The predetermined rotation speed set and stored in the CPUf411 is controlled to increase the rotation speed, and the amount of downstream circulation fed out by the feeding valve 04 is increased and controlled by the drying control device [09, and the amount of variation is The amount of grain flowing down the circulation is .

As shown in FIG. 4, the configuration is such that settings are stored so as to change in three stages.

Combustion control by the combustion control device is performed as follows. The hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (19) is input to the CPU 1411, and the input detected hot air temperature and each of the temperature setting settings are input to the CPU 1411. When 03 is operated, the set hot air temperature set by this operation and inputted to this CPUll11 is compared, and if there is a difference, the number of opening and closing times of the fuel valve is controlled so that the temperature becomes the same as the set hot air temperature. , the amount of fuel sucked by the fuel pump (8) is controlled by this combustion control device, and the value (A) or (B) is larger than the value (C) in the setting memory. When detected in the same way as above, at the same time as controlling the increase in the drying air volume and downstream circulation volume, the drying heat (T) applied to the grains flowing down in the drying chamber (1) is set to be approximately the same. For example, if the grain moisture variation is (A) value,
The drying air volume is 0.7 m/see, and the downstream circulation volume is 5.
Ot/hr, and from these the drying heat (T) is
According to the following formula (1) set and stored in U Mll, the heating temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (6) is 2.
The configuration is calculated to be 6℃, and drying heat (T) = heating temperature (TA) x air volume (Q) x specific heat of air (H) x specific weight of air (W)... (1) This Assuming that the specific heat (H) of air and the specific weight (W) of air are -constant and let α be, then drying heat (T) = heating temperature (TA) x air volume (Q) x α...
・(2) If the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (2) at this time is 25%, the drying heat (T) set and stored for each grain moisture is 18α as shown in Figure 5. was selected,
This is a configuration in which the heating temperature (TA) is calculated to be 26°C from the above formula (2), 18α=heating temperature (TA) X O, 7Xαα humidity temperature TA
) =1810.7=25.7 Now 26℃ This heating temperature (Cho A) 26℃ and the outside air temperature sensor (1
) is 20°C, the burner (
This combustion control device (5) controls the fuel valve and the fuel pump (6) so that the temperature of the hot air generated from the
8) is controlled, and the drying heat (T) given to the grains is controlled by the drying air flow rate of 0.55 m/sec when the grain moisture variation (C) value is
The structure is such that the grains are dried by controlling c to be almost the same as the drying heat (T) when the downstream circulation rate is 4.5 t/hr, and contrary to the above, a small value is detected. , the drying heat (T) remains unchanged.

Hereinafter, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

The grain dryer (3) is started by operating each setting of the operating device (5) to the predetermined position (to), (to), (b) and by operating the start switch (ill) to start drying work. ), the burner (6), the moisture sensor (2), etc. start, and hot air is generated from the burner (6) and this hot air flows into the hot air chamber oa.
This dryer (3
The grains stored in the storage chamber I21) of the storage chamber C211 are exposed to the hot air and dried while flowing down the drying chamber (1) from the storage chamber C211, and are fed out to the lower part by the feeding valve (141). The grains flow down and are supplied into the grain collecting gutter (m), and from this grain collecting gutter (■), they are transferred and supplied into the grain raising machine +25+ by the lower transfer spiral through the feeding gutter ffl, and then transported to the upper part by the packet conveyor Qe and thrown out. It is supplied into the transfer gutter (to) through the cylinder (5), and from this transfer @ (to), it is transferred and supplied onto the diffusion plate +241 by the upper transfer spiral, and in this diffusion plate C24, the storage chamber (21) is supplied.
When the moisture sensor (2) detects the same grain moisture as the finishing target moisture set by operating the moisture setting controller (b), the operating device (5)
) is automatically controlled by the drying control device OQ to automatically stop the dryer (3), thereby stopping the drying of the grains.

At the start of this drying work, moisture variation in the grain is detected from the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor (2), and if this detected grain moisture variation is detected to be greater than a predetermined value, the feeding A valve (14) controls a predetermined amount of increase in the amount of circulation in which the drying chamber 111 is fed and circulated, and the drying chamber (14)
The drying air volume of the hot air passing through the burner (
The temperature of the hot air generated from step 6) is controlled to rise to a predetermined temperature, and the grains are dried.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a block diagram, Fig. 2 is a relation between grain moisture and frequency, and Fig. 3 is a relation between the difference in grain dispersion and drying air volume. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the difference in grain moisture variation and the amount of grain downstream circulation.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the relationship between grain moisture and drying heat, Fig. 6 is an overall side view of the grain dryer that can be partially cut away, and Fig. 7 is A-A in Fig. 6.
A sectional view, FIG. 8 is a rear view of a part of the grain dryer, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged front view, partially cut away, of a part of the grain dryer. In the figure, symbol (1) indicates a drying chamber, and symbol (2) indicates a moisture sensor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a grain dryer that circulates and transfers grains to a drying chamber (1) and dries them by blowing hot air, the moisture sensor (2) detects the initial moisture content of the grains during transport. The flow rate of grains in the drying chamber (1) and this drying chamber (1)
) A drying control method characterized by increasing or decreasing the amount of air flowing through the grains, and controlling the temperature of the hot air so that the drying heat imparted to the grains being transferred is approximately the same.