JPH0464655B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0464655B2
JPH0464655B2 JP62329291A JP32929187A JPH0464655B2 JP H0464655 B2 JPH0464655 B2 JP H0464655B2 JP 62329291 A JP62329291 A JP 62329291A JP 32929187 A JP32929187 A JP 32929187A JP H0464655 B2 JPH0464655 B2 JP H0464655B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
algae
fish reef
shellfish
fibers
denier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62329291A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH01168218A (en
Inventor
Hiromichi Iijima
Naosuke Yoshida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toray Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Toray Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
Priority to JP62329291A priority Critical patent/JPH01168218A/en
Publication of JPH01168218A publication Critical patent/JPH01168218A/en
Publication of JPH0464655B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0464655B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は表層浮き魚礁に関するものである。更
に詳しくは、特に防藻性、防貝性に優れ、また浮
力安定性にも優れた浮き魚礁に関する。 〔従来の技術〕 近年、水産資源の枯渇化が叫ばれ、単に魚介類
を集めるに止まらず、魚介類の胞子、卵の付着、
孵化、幼稚子の保護育成を人工的に行う魚礁の設
置が多方面にわたつて行われている。海底に投下
する魚礁については、早期に藻類、貝類等の付着
が必要であるが、表層に浮く魚礁に関しては、貝
類の付着が多く、経過とともに魚礁が沈降し、本
来の浮き魚礁としての役目を果たさなくなり、更
には波浪抵抗により、流失、損傷と言つた問題点
が発生している。 一方、特開昭57−54540号公報、特開昭57−
54541号公報、特開昭58−190337号公報、特開昭
58−67134号公報、特開昭61−96929号公報等にて
提案されている従来技術においては、藻類、貝類
が付着し易い構造体のみが提供されており、何ら
上述の問題点の解決には到つていないのが現状で
ある。 本発明者らの知見によれば、表層浮き魚礁は浮
力安定性があり、かつ幼稚子の保護育成効果を有
する構造体が必要である。従つて、魚礁の不必要
な部分には、極力、藻類、貝類が付着しない構造
の魚礁が望まれてきた。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 本発明の目的は、かかる問題点に鑑み、藻類、
貝類等の付着を防止し、安定した浮力を有する浮
き魚礁を提供せんとするものである。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 上記した目的を達成する本発明の浮き魚礁は、
以下の構成からなる。 すなわち、本発明の浮き魚礁は、浮遊可能な魚
礁基体の表面に0.5デニール以下の極細繊維から
なる立毛を多数付設せしめてなることを特徴とす
る防藻、防貝効果を有する浮き魚礁である。 〔作 用〕 以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。 従来、魚礁を構成する基体素材は、一般にプラ
スチツク製、金属製、木製、竹製、セメント製、
陶器製、発泡スチレン製、ポリウレタン製等が用
いられているが、本発明でいう浮遊可能な魚礁基
体とは、基体を構成する素材の如何に関わらず、
魚礁単体で浮遊可能なものは勿論のこと、更には
浮子、ブイ等の浮力を利用して水中に浮遊可能に
した魚礁等の全てを含むものである。また、これ
らの魚礁の表面に人工海藻やロープ、網等が取り
付けてあつてもよい。重要な点は、これらの魚礁
基体の表面に少なくともその一部を被覆する繊維
の立毛を付設せしめることである。 自然海における藻類、貝類は比較的柔らかい
物、あるいは表面凹凸の少ない平滑な物、あるい
は揺れ動き易い物には付着し難いと言われてい
る。本発明者らは、人工的にこのような性質を有
する魚礁を如何にして作るかを魚礁表面と藻類及
び貝類胞子の着生状況を検討する過程において、
魚礁表面を繊維の立毛で被覆することによつて、
従来の生物付着防止性を有する試薬を被覆あるい
は練り込み等の手段を特にとらなくとも、良好な
防藻性、防貝性効果が得られることを見出したも
のである。 即ち、魚礁の表面を前述した付着し難い構造に
することが重要であり、まず、魚礁表面の硬軟性
は繊維デニール、素材によつても左右され、潮
流、波浪による揺動作用を伝えるという性質は、
繊維の立毛長、デニール及び素材の親水性、疎水
性によつて左右される。藻類、貝類の放出する胞
子あるいは遊走子を如何に着生し難い表面状態に
するか、あるいは着生しても根付きし難いものと
し脱落させるか、上記の性質を魚礁表面に如何に
組み合わせて作るかが重要なポイントとなるが、
本発明者らの知見によれば、繊維の立毛を構成す
る素材としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート及
びその共重合体、ポリブチレンテレフタレート及
びその共重合体等のボリエステル類、ナイロン
6、11、12、66、610等に代表されるポリアミド
類及びそれらの共重合体、アクリル系重合体類、
ポリウレタン、低密度、中密度、高密度ポリエチ
レン及びそれらの共重合体類、ポリプロピレン及
びそれらの共重合体類、ポリスチレン及びそれら
の共重合体類、ポリビニールアルコール、レーヨ
ン、天然繊維類等ほとんど全ての繊維が適用可能
である。これらの繊維を単独または混繊あるいは
複合化して用いることができる。また更には立毛
を有する天然皮革などを用いることもできる。 繊維の断面形状は特に限定されるものではな
く、円形、変形、中空型、芯鞘型等あらゆる形状
のものが用いられ得る。 本発明の浮き魚礁において、立毛を構成する繊
維デニールは、立毛の耐久性、立毛の揺動性等を
加味すると、0.5デニール以下、好ましくは0.2デ
ニール以下の極細繊維とするのがよく、立毛の形
態は、上述した如き0.5デニール以下の極細繊維
が緻密に分繊した状態、あるいは根元が上述した
如き0.5デニール以下の極細繊維の束からなり、
先端部に向かつて緻密に分繊している状態、ある
いは根元が太デニールの繊維で、先端が0.5デニ
ール以下の極細繊維に分割された立毛が緻密に分
繊している所謂筆状態や、あるいは更にこれらの
組み合わせによる立毛状態が挙げられるが、特に
限定されるものではない。特に、0.5デニール以
下の極細繊維を用いることにより、本発明の所期
の効果(防藻・防貝性効果)が非常に長く永続す
る浮き魚礁を実現できるものである。 また、本発明において、立毛を構成する繊維が
捲縮を有していてもよい。捲縮を有しているもの
を用いると、立毛繊維間に海水が入り易く、かつ
保水性が著しく向上し、常に魚礁表面に滑り感を
与え、潮流、波浪による揺動作用に敏感に感応
し、藻類、貝類等の胞子が付着し難く、付着して
も容易に脱落し得るという効果をより発揮するこ
とが可能になるものである。 捲縮形態については、2次元的捲縮、3次元的
捲縮等があるが、特に限定されるものではなく、
例えば、収縮差を利用した捲縮ミツクス状のも
の、あるいは仮撚加工で発生する捲縮、あるいは
クリンパーにより機械的に発生させる捲縮等が一
般的である。 また魚礁表面を繊維の立毛が被覆しているだけ
でも藻類、貝類の付着防止効果はあるものの、よ
り本発明の効果を発揮せしめる上で、立毛長を長
くすることが好ましい。該立毛長については経済
性、作業性、使用する場所、目的等を考慮して調
整すればよいが、目安としては立毛長05mm以上、
より好ましくは2mm以上がよい。かかる立毛長が
0.5mm未満となると、該立毛が潮流、波浪抵抗に
よつて十分な揺動作用が伝わらず、藻類、貝類の
胞子が付着し易くなり好ましくない。本発明者ら
の知見によれば、立毛長は長いほど、かつ繊維デ
ニールが細いほど防藻性、防貝性効果を発揮する
うえで好ましいが、立毛の形成性の観点から考え
ると45mm程度までが実用的である。従つて、立毛
を形成する繊維のデニールと立毛長との組み合わ
せは、一概に言えない点もあるが、耐久性、経済
性、作業性等と防藻性、防貝性等のバランスを加
味すると、太デニールであると繊維長を長めに
し、細デニールであると繊維長を短めにする方向
で調整すればよい。また前述した筆状の立毛形態
である場合には、分割された場所から先端までの
長さを立毛長とみて、該長さは上述のように0.5
mm以上有するように構成するのがよい。 魚礁表面を被覆する繊維立毛密度は、繊維デニ
ール、立毛長或いは捲縮数等によつても異なるた
め、一概に言えない点もあるが、繊維デニールが
太い場合は立毛長を長めにして立毛密度は粗くす
る方向で、また繊維デニールが細い場合は立毛長
を短めにして立毛密度は密にする方向で調整をす
るのがよい。 また魚礁表面を被覆する繊維は着色されていて
もよい。藻類の成長は光合成が大きく左右する。
藻類の胞子の発芽、発芽体の伸長は光量、光質に
よつて異なり、浅い所では明るく赤色部の長波長
部が多く、深くなるにつれて暗くなり、緑、青、
紫色の部だけに変化し、生息する藻類種も異なつ
てくる。従つて、積極的に藻類を付着、生育せし
めるためには光合成に適する波長域の色調に着色
したものが効果を有するが、本発明の目的からす
ると、逆に付着、生育のしにくい色調のものを用
いるのが、より本発明の効果を高め得るものであ
る。このような観点から、最終的な立毛の色調の
選定は、魚礁を使用する深度や、その海域に着生
する藻類種などにも応じて、それらの藻類の光合
成に適する波長域の光を吸収しにくいように着色
を選ぶことも有効である。 魚礁表面を被覆する繊維が、適宜の生物付着防
止性効果を有する物質が塗布されたもの、あるい
は練り込み、あるいはマイクロカプセルの如き微
粒子の中に該物質を包み込んだ物質をポリマー中
に含有させて繊維化されてなるものなどであつて
もよく、より強い本発明の効果を得る上で、これ
らの手段を併用することが望ましいことである。 魚礁表面に立毛を付設する方法としては、例え
ば、電植技術を用いた植毛方法、あるいは2重パ
イル織布帛、あるいは針布、サンドペーパー等に
よる起毛布帛を接着剤で張り付ける方法等が挙げ
られるが、特に限定されるものではない。また立
毛を付与する部分は、全面でもよく、あるいは部
分的であつてもよく、使用する目的、場所等に応
じて適宜選択すればよいものである。 〔実施例〕 以下に本発明を添付図を用いて、実施例により
詳細に説明するが、これら実施例によつて本発明
が制約、限定されるものではない。むしろ、次の
応用発展をもたらすものである。 比較例 1 ベース地を形成する地タテ糸にポリエチレンテ
レフタレートの75デニール(D)−48フイラメント
(f)、地ヨコ糸にポリエチレンテレフタレートの
100D−24fの糸を用い、上下2段の織物を連結す
るパイル糸に単糸デニール4.2dからなるポリエチ
レンテレフタレートの75D−18fの糸を用い、二
重ベルベツト織機にてパイル長が11mmになるよう
に製織した。このときの地組織の織密度は、地タ
テ90本/in、地ヨコ105本/inであつた。次いで、
一般織物の加工法に従つて糊抜き精練、乾燥を行
つた。得られた織物は、織密度が地タテ96本/
in、地ヨコ113本/inでパイル長10mmのものであ
つた。次いで、第1図に示したようなプラスチツ
ク製(FRP)の魚礁基体1の側面に取り付けた
プラスチツク製板(FRP)2の表面に、上記の
立毛布帛3を裁断し、立毛が表面にくるようにし
て接着剤で張り付けた。この魚礁基体1にナイロ
ン製係留ロープ4を結び、該ロープの一方を固定
用アンカー5に取り付け、海面に浮くように設置
した。海中投下後の藻類、貝類の付着状態につい
て評価した結果は、第1表に示した通りである。
このものは、12カ月などの長期になつてくると海
藻等の付着が認められ、後述する本発明のものに
比べると、効果の永続性において明らかに劣るも
のであつた。 実施例 1 ベース地を形成する地タテ糸にポリエチレンテ
レフタレートの75D−48f、地ヨコ糸にポリエチ
レンテレフタレートの100D−24fの糸を用い、上
下2段の織物を連結するパイル糸に単糸デニール
0.42dからなるポリエチレンテレフタレートの
60D−144fの糸を用い、二重ベルベツト織機にて
パイル長が5.5mmになるように製織した。この時
の地組織の織密度は、地タテ63本/in、地ヨコ
110本/inであつた。次いで、一般織物の加工法
に従つて糊抜き精練、乾燥を行つた。得られた織
物は、織密度が地タテ99本/in、地ヨコ118本/
inでパイル長約5.0mmの立毛布帛であつた。次い
で、第1図に示した実施例1と同様なプラスチツ
ク製の魚礁基体1の側面に取り付けたプラスチツ
ク製板2の表面に、上記の立毛布帛3を裁断し、
立毛が表面にくるようにして接着剤で張り付け
た。この魚礁基体1に係留ロープ4を結び、該ロ
ープの一方を固定用アンカー5に取り付け、海面
に浮くように設置した。海中投下後の藻類、貝類
の付着状態について評価した結果は、第1表に示
した通りである。 実施例 2 ベース地を形成する地タテ糸にポリエチレンテ
レフタレートの75D−48f、地ヨコ糸にポリエチ
レンテレフタレートの100D−24fの糸を用い、上
下2段の織物を連結するパイル糸に海島型の高分
子相互配列体繊維(島成分がポリエチレンテレフ
タレート、海成分がポリスチレンで、島成分/海
成分=80/20重量%、島本数=16本、島繊度=
0.1d)からなる75D−36fの糸を用い、二重ベルベ
ツト織機にて、パイル長が1.2mmになるように製
織した。この織物の織密度は、地タテ93本/in、
地ヨコ107本/inであつた。次いで、乾熱セツト
し、更にトリクロールエチレン中に浸漬しマング
ルで圧搾して海成分を溶出除去せしめ、その後、
乾燥した。得られた織物は、パイル長約1.0mmの
超極細繊維で被覆された織密度が地タテ99本/
in、地ヨコ115本/inのものであつた。次いで、
第1図に示した実施例1と同様なプラスチツク製
の魚礁基体1の側面に取り付けたプラスチツク製
板2の表面に、上記の立毛布帛3を裁断し、立毛
が表面にくるようにして接着剤で張り付けた。こ
の魚礁基体1に係留ロープ4を結び、該ロープの
一方を固定用アンカー5に取り付け、海面に浮く
ように設置した。海中投下後の藻類、貝類の付着
状態を評価した結果は、第1表に示した通りであ
る。 実施例 3 ベース地を形成する地タテ糸にポリエチレンテ
レフタレートの75D−48f、地ヨコ糸にポリエチ
レンテレフタレートの100D−24fの糸を用い、上
下2段の織物を連結するパイル糸に島成分/海成
分=ポリエチレンテレフタレート/ポリスチレ
ン、島/海成分比=80/20重量%、島本数16本の
高分子相互配列体型繊維と島成分/海成分=共重
合ポリエチレンテレフタレート/ポリスチレン、
島/海成分比=80/20重量%、島本数16本の高分
子相互配列体型繊維とが50/50重量%に紡糸工程
で混繊された81D−18fの糸を用い、二重ベルベ
ツト織機にて、パイル長が12.5mmになるように製
織した。この織物の織密度は、地タテ90本/in、
地ヨコ105本/inであつた。次いで、乾熱180℃で
5分間処理し、その後、トリクロールエチレン中
に浸漬しマングルで圧搾して海成分を溶出除去せ
しめ、その後、乾燥した。得られた織物は、パイ
ル長約10mmの微細捲縮を有する繊維デニール約
0.23dの超極細繊維で被覆された織密度が地タテ
99本/in、地ヨコ115本/inのものであつた。次
いで、第1図に示した実施例1と同様なプラスチ
ツク製の魚礁基体1の側面に取り付けたプラスチ
ツク製板2の表面に、上記の立毛布帛3を裁断
し、立毛が表面にくるようにして接着剤で張り付
けた。この魚礁基体1にナイロン製係留ロープ4
を結び、該ロープの一方を固定用アンカー5に取
り付け、海面に浮くように設置した。海中投下後
の藻類、貝類の付着状態を評価した結果は、第1
表に示した通りである。 比較例 2 実施例1と同様な魚礁基体1を用い、プラスチ
ツク製板2の表面には何も張り付けず、実施例1
と同じように係留ロープ4を取り付け、更に固定
用アンカー5に設置した。 このときの海中投下後の藻類、貝類の付着状態
は、第1表に示した通りである。 第1表に示した評価結果からわかるように、繊
維の立毛を付設していない魚礁の表面には、海中
投下わずか1ケ月において、フジツボ、カキ等の
稚貝が付着し、長期にわたつては更に多量の貝類
および緑藻類、褐藻類が付着し、魚礁自体の沈降
が確認された。これに比し、本発明による魚礁
は、長期の海中投下にも関わらず、優れた防藻
性、防貝性を有し、また浮力の安定したものであ
つた。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a surface floating fish reef. More specifically, the present invention relates to a floating fish reef that is particularly excellent in anti-algae and shellfish properties, and also has excellent buoyancy stability. [Conventional technology] In recent years, the depletion of marine resources has been called out, and it is not enough to simply collect seafood, but to collect spores, eggs, etc. of seafood.
The installation of artificial reefs for hatching, protecting and nurturing young fish is being carried out in a variety of fields. For fish reefs that are dropped onto the seabed, it is necessary to have algae, shellfish, etc. attached to them at an early stage, but for fish reefs that float on the surface, many shellfish are attached to them, and over time the reefs sink and lose their original role as floating fish reefs. Furthermore, problems such as washing away and damage are occurring due to wave resistance. On the other hand, JP-A No. 57-54540, JP-A No. 57-54540,
54541, JP 58-190337, JP 58-190337, JP 58-190337
The conventional techniques proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 58-67134 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 61-96929 provide only structures to which algae and shellfish easily attach, and do not solve the above-mentioned problems. The current situation is that this has not yet been achieved. According to the findings of the present inventors, a surface floating fish reef requires a structure that has buoyancy stability and has the effect of protecting and growing young. Therefore, it has been desired to have a fish reef structure that prevents algae and shellfish from adhering to unnecessary parts of the fish reef as much as possible. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of algae,
The purpose is to provide a floating reef that prevents shellfish from adhering to it and has stable buoyancy. [Means for solving the problems] The floating reef of the present invention that achieves the above-mentioned objects has the following features:
It consists of the following composition. That is, the floating fish reef of the present invention is a floating fish reef having an anti-algae and anti-shellfish effect, which is characterized by having a large number of raised fluffs made of ultrafine fibers of 0.5 denier or less attached to the surface of a floating fish reef substrate. [Function] The present invention will be explained in detail below. Traditionally, the base materials that make up fish reefs are generally made of plastic, metal, wood, bamboo, cement,
Although ceramic, styrene foam, polyurethane, etc. are used, the floating fish reef substrate in the present invention refers to any material that constitutes the substrate.
It includes not only fish reefs that can float on their own, but also all fish reefs that can float in water using the buoyancy of floats, buoys, etc. Furthermore, artificial seaweed, ropes, nets, etc. may be attached to the surface of these fish reefs. The important point is that the surface of these fish reef substrates is provided with fiber naps that cover at least a portion of the surface. It is said that algae and shellfish in the natural sea have difficulty adhering to relatively soft objects, smooth objects with few surface irregularities, or objects that are easily shaken. The present inventors investigated how to artificially create a fish reef with such properties in the process of examining the surface of fish reefs and the adhesion status of algae and shellfish spores.
By covering the surface of the fish reef with standing fibers,
It has been discovered that good algae- and shellfish-proofing effects can be obtained without special measures such as coating or kneading with conventional reagents having biofouling prevention properties. In other words, it is important to make the surface of the fish reef have a structure that is difficult to stick to, as mentioned above.Firstly, the hardness and softness of the surface of the fish reef depends on the fiber denier and material, and it has the property of transmitting the rocking action caused by currents and waves. teeth,
It depends on the nap length and denier of the fiber, and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the material. How can we create a surface condition that makes it difficult for spores or zoospores released by algae and shellfish to settle on the reef surface, or make it difficult for them to take root and cause them to fall off even if they do settle, or how to combine the above properties to create a fish reef surface? The important point is,
According to the findings of the present inventors, materials constituting the nap of the fibers include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and its copolymers, polybutylene terephthalate and its copolymers, nylon 6, 11, 12, 66, Polyamides such as 610 and their copolymers, acrylic polymers,
Almost all polyurethane, low density, medium density, high density polyethylene and their copolymers, polypropylene and their copolymers, polystyrene and their copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, rayon, natural fibers, etc. Fibers are applicable. These fibers can be used alone, mixed, or composited. Furthermore, natural leather having raised naps can also be used. The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is not particularly limited, and any shape such as circular, deformed, hollow, core-sheath type, etc. can be used. In the floating fish reef of the present invention, the fiber denier constituting the nape is preferably ultrafine fibers of 0.5 denier or less, preferably 0.2 denier or less, taking into consideration the durability of the nape, the swingability of the nape, etc. The form is a state in which ultrafine fibers of 0.5 denier or less are finely divided as described above, or a bundle of ultrafine fibers whose root is 0.5 denier or less as described above,
A state in which the fibers are finely divided toward the tip, or a so-called brush state in which the root is a thick denier fiber and the tip is a finely divided napped fiber divided into ultrafine fibers of 0.5 denier or less, or Further examples include, but are not limited to, a piloerection state resulting from a combination of these. In particular, by using ultrafine fibers of 0.5 denier or less, it is possible to realize a floating fish reef that maintains the desired effects of the present invention (algae-proofing and shellfish-proofing effects) for a very long time. Further, in the present invention, the fibers constituting the nap may have crimps. If a material with crimps is used, seawater easily enters between the napped fibers, and the water retention property is significantly improved.It always gives a slippery feel to the surface of the reef and is sensitive to rocking motion caused by currents and waves. This makes it possible to further exhibit the effect that spores of algae, shellfish, etc. are difficult to adhere to, and even if they do adhere, they can easily fall off. Regarding the crimp form, there are two-dimensional crimp, three-dimensional crimp, etc., but there are no particular limitations.
For example, crimp mixes that take advantage of shrinkage differences, crimp that occurs during false twisting, or crimp that is mechanically generated using a crimper are common. Furthermore, even if the surface of the fish reef is simply covered with raised fibers, there is an effect of preventing the adhesion of algae and shellfish, but in order to bring out the effects of the present invention even more, it is preferable to increase the length of the raised fibers. The raised length may be adjusted taking into account economic efficiency, workability, place of use, purpose, etc., but as a guide, the raised length is 05 mm or more,
More preferably, the thickness is 2 mm or more. This hair length is
If it is less than 0.5 mm, sufficient rocking action will not be transmitted to the raised floes due to tidal currents and wave resistance, and spores of algae and shellfish will easily adhere to them, which is undesirable. According to the findings of the present inventors, the longer the nap length and the thinner the fiber denier, the better the anti-algae and shellfish effects.However, from the viewpoint of the formation of naps, it is preferable that the length of the nap is about 45 mm. is practical. Therefore, the combination of the denier of the fibers that form the nap and the nap length cannot be generalized, but when considering the balance between durability, economy, workability, etc., and algae-proofing and shellfish-proofing properties, If the denier is thick, the fiber length may be made longer, and if the denier is fine, the fiber length may be made shorter. In addition, in the case of the above-mentioned brush-like piloerection, the length from the divided place to the tip is regarded as the piloerection length, and the length is 0.5 as described above.
It is preferable to configure it so that it has a diameter of mm or more. The density of the fibers covering the surface of the fish reef varies depending on the fiber denier, the length of the fibers, the number of crimps, etc., so it cannot be generalized, but if the fiber denier is thick, the density of the naps can be adjusted by increasing the length of the fibers. If the fiber denier is thin, it is best to adjust the nap length by shortening the nap length and making the nap density denser. Furthermore, the fibers covering the surface of the fish reef may be colored. The growth of algae is largely determined by photosynthesis.
The germination of algae spores and the elongation of germinated bodies vary depending on the amount of light and light quality. In shallow areas, there are many bright and red long-wavelength parts, and as you get deeper, it becomes darker, green, blue,
Only the purple part changes, and the species of algae that inhabit it also change. Therefore, in order to actively cause algae to attach and grow, it is effective to use a color that has a wavelength range suitable for photosynthesis, but from the purpose of the present invention, on the contrary, a color that makes it difficult for algae to attach and grow is effective. The use of these can further enhance the effects of the present invention. From this point of view, the final color tone of the standing piloereux should be selected depending on the depth at which the fish reef will be used and the species of algae that grow in the area. It is also effective to choose a color that is difficult to stain. The fibers that cover the surface of the fish reef may be coated with a substance that has an appropriate biofouling prevention effect, or may be kneaded into the polymer, or may contain a substance in which the substance is encapsulated in fine particles such as microcapsules. It may be made into fibers, and in order to obtain stronger effects of the present invention, it is desirable to use these means in combination. Methods for attaching standing fluff to the surface of fish reefs include, for example, a flocking method using electroplating technology, a method of attaching a double pile woven fabric, a raised fabric made of needle cloth, sandpaper, etc. with adhesive, etc. However, there are no particular limitations. Further, the part to which the raised naps are applied may be the entire surface or only partially, and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use, location, etc. [Examples] The present invention will be explained in detail below using Examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not restricted or limited by these Examples. Rather, it brings about the next application development. Comparative Example 1 75 denier (D)-48 filament of polyethylene terephthalate is used as the warp yarn forming the base material.
(f), polyethylene terephthalate in the ground weft
Using a 100D-24f yarn, a 75D-18f polyethylene terephthalate yarn with a single yarn denier of 4.2d was used as the pile yarn connecting the upper and lower two layers of fabric, and the pile length was 11 mm using a double velvet loom. It was woven into The weave density of the ground texture at this time was 90 threads/in in the vertical direction and 105 threads/in in the horizontal direction. Then,
Desizing and scouring and drying were performed according to general textile processing methods. The obtained fabric has a weaving density of 96 pieces per vertical direction.
The pile length was 10mm, with 113 piles/in horizontally on the ground. Next, the above-mentioned raised fabric 3 is cut onto the surface of a plastic plate (FRP) 2 attached to the side of the plastic (FRP) fish reef substrate 1 as shown in FIG. I attached it with adhesive. A nylon mooring rope 4 was tied to this fish reef base 1, and one end of the rope was attached to a fixing anchor 5, so as to float on the sea surface. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the state of adhesion of algae and shellfish after being dropped into the sea.
This product showed adhesion of seaweed etc. over a long period of time, such as 12 months, and was clearly inferior to the product of the present invention described later in terms of durability of the effect. Example 1 A 75D-48f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used for the ground warp yarn forming the base fabric, a 100D-24f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used for the ground weft yarn, and a single denier was used for the pile yarn connecting the upper and lower two tiers of fabric.
of polyethylene terephthalate consisting of 0.42d
Using 60D-144f yarn, it was woven on a double velvet loom so that the pile length was 5.5 mm. The weave density of the ground texture at this time was 63 threads/in in the vertical direction and 63 threads/in in the horizontal direction.
It was 110 pieces/in. Next, the fabric was desized and scoured and dried according to a general fabric processing method. The obtained fabric has a weaving density of 99 strands/in in the vertical direction and 118 strands/in in the horizontal direction.
It was a raised fabric with a pile length of about 5.0 mm. Next, the above-mentioned raised fabric 3 was cut onto the surface of a plastic plate 2 attached to the side of a plastic fish reef substrate 1 similar to that of Example 1 shown in FIG.
I attached it with adhesive so that the raised hair was on the surface. A mooring rope 4 was tied to this fish reef base 1, and one end of the rope was attached to a fixing anchor 5, so as to float on the sea surface. The results of evaluating the adhesion status of algae and shellfish after being dropped into the sea are shown in Table 1. Example 2 A 75D-48f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used for the ground warp yarn forming the base fabric, a 100D-24f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used for the ground weft yarn, and a sea-island polymer was used for the pile yarn connecting the upper and lower two layers of fabric. Mutual array fiber (island component is polyethylene terephthalate, sea component is polystyrene, island component/sea component = 80/20% by weight, number of islands = 16, island fineness =
Using a 75D-36f yarn consisting of 0.1d), it was woven on a double velvet loom so that the pile length was 1.2mm. The weaving density of this fabric is 93 strands/in vertically,
It was 107 lines/in horizontally. Next, it was set to dry heat, and further immersed in trichlorethylene and squeezed with a mangle to elute and remove sea components.
Dry. The obtained fabric is covered with ultra-fine fibers with a pile length of approximately 1.0 mm and has a weave density of 99 fibers per vertical length.
It was 115 pieces per inch across the ground. Then,
Cut the above-mentioned raised fabric 3 onto the surface of a plastic plate 2 attached to the side surface of a plastic fish reef base 1 similar to that of Example 1 shown in FIG. I pasted it with A mooring rope 4 was tied to this fish reef base 1, and one end of the rope was attached to a fixing anchor 5, so as to float on the sea surface. The results of evaluating the state of adhesion of algae and shellfish after being dropped into the sea are shown in Table 1. Example 3 A 75D-48f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used for the ground warp yarn forming the base fabric, a 100D-24f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used for the ground weft yarn, and an island component/sea component was used in the pile yarn connecting the upper and lower two tiers of fabric. = polyethylene terephthalate/polystyrene, island/sea component ratio = 80/20% by weight, 16 island fibers and island component/sea component = copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate/polystyrene,
A double velvet loom is made using 81D-18F yarn, which has an island/sea component ratio of 80/20% by weight and a 50/50% by weight blend of 16 Shimamoto polymer mutually arranged type fibers in the spinning process. The fabric was woven with a pile length of 12.5 mm. The weaving density of this fabric is 90 strands/in.
It was 105 lines/in horizontally. Next, it was treated with dry heat at 180° C. for 5 minutes, then immersed in trichlorethylene and squeezed with a mangle to elute and remove sea components, and then dried. The resulting fabric has a fiber denier of about 10 mm with a pile length of about 10 mm and fine crimps.
The weave density covered with 0.23d ultra-fine fibers is vertical.
There were 99 pieces per inch and 115 pieces per inch horizontally. Next, the above-mentioned raised fabric 3 was cut onto the surface of a plastic plate 2 attached to the side surface of a plastic fish reef substrate 1 similar to that of Example 1 shown in FIG. Attached with adhesive. A nylon mooring rope 4 is attached to this fish reef base 1.
One end of the rope was attached to a fixing anchor 5, and the rope was set so as to float on the sea surface. The results of evaluating the adhesion status of algae and shellfish after being dropped into the sea are as follows:
As shown in the table. Comparative Example 2 Using the same fish reef substrate 1 as in Example 1, nothing was pasted on the surface of the plastic board 2, and the same as in Example 1 was used.
The mooring rope 4 was attached in the same manner as above, and the mooring rope 4 was further installed on the fixing anchor 5. The state of adhesion of algae and shellfish after dropping into the sea at this time is as shown in Table 1. As can be seen from the evaluation results shown in Table 1, barnacles, oysters, and other young shellfish were attached to the surface of fish reefs that did not have fibrous fluff after just one month of being dropped into the sea, and over a long period of time. Furthermore, large amounts of shellfish, green algae, and brown algae were attached, and it was confirmed that the fish reef itself was sinking. In contrast, the fish reef according to the present invention had excellent anti-algae and shellfish properties and stable buoyancy even after being dropped into the sea for a long period of time.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

(1) 以上述べた通りの本発明によれば、比較的簡
単な構成でありながら優れた防藻性、防貝性効
果を有する浮き魚礁が提供されるものである。
そして、かかる効果に基ずき、さらに以下に述
べるような具体的効果を得ることが可能とな
る。 (2) 魚礁表面に付着する藻類、貝類を剥ぎ落とす
必要が無く、長期の効果的な使用を行なうこと
ができ、経済的に優れている。 (3) 魚礁が海中投下中に沈降するのを防止するこ
とが可能である。 (4) 潮流、波浪の抵抗による魚礁の流失、損傷を
防ぐことが可能である。
(1) According to the present invention as described above, a floating fish reef having a relatively simple structure but having excellent algae-proofing and shellfish-proofing effects is provided.
Based on these effects, it becomes possible to further obtain specific effects as described below. (2) There is no need to peel off algae and shellfish adhering to the surface of the fish reef, and it can be used effectively for a long period of time, making it economically superior. (3) It is possible to prevent fish reefs from settling during dropping into the sea. (4) It is possible to prevent fish reefs from being washed away or damaged due to resistance from currents and waves.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の浮き魚礁の1実施態様例を示
す概略モデル図である。 図において、1は魚礁基体、2はプラスチツク
板、3は立毛布帛、4は係留ロープ、5は固定用
アンカーである。
FIG. 1 is a schematic model diagram showing one embodiment of the floating fish reef of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a fish reef base, 2 is a plastic plate, 3 is a raised fabric, 4 is a mooring rope, and 5 is a fixing anchor.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 浮遊可能な魚礁基体の表面に0.5デニール以
下の極細繊維からなる立毛を多数付設せしめてな
ることを特徴とする防藻、防貝効果を有する浮き
魚礁。
1. A floating fish reef having an anti-algae and anti-shellfish effect, characterized by having a large number of standing fluffs made of ultra-fine fibers of 0.5 denier or less attached to the surface of a floating fish reef substrate.
JP62329291A 1987-12-24 1987-12-24 Floating gathering-place for fish Granted JPH01168218A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62329291A JPH01168218A (en) 1987-12-24 1987-12-24 Floating gathering-place for fish

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62329291A JPH01168218A (en) 1987-12-24 1987-12-24 Floating gathering-place for fish

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01168218A JPH01168218A (en) 1989-07-03
JPH0464655B2 true JPH0464655B2 (en) 1992-10-15

Family

ID=18219815

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62329291A Granted JPH01168218A (en) 1987-12-24 1987-12-24 Floating gathering-place for fish

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH01168218A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5116655A (en) * 1988-07-28 1992-05-26 Tuguo Ezoe Preventive method against apposition of a marine organism and a preventive sheet against apposition of a marine organism
CN103404459A (en) * 2013-08-03 2013-11-27 翟玉明 Spherical ground anchor with silt-proof function
CN110367187B (en) * 2019-08-12 2021-06-04 沈阳英特电气科技有限公司 Cooling system for aquaculture farm

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5339673U (en) * 1976-09-09 1978-04-06
JPS56148227A (en) * 1980-04-15 1981-11-17 Daimaru Kogyo Kk Fishery breeding method and flocked plate

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58170962U (en) * 1982-05-10 1983-11-15 酒伊繊維工業株式会社 Fish reefs used for breeding and raising seafood

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5339673U (en) * 1976-09-09 1978-04-06
JPS56148227A (en) * 1980-04-15 1981-11-17 Daimaru Kogyo Kk Fishery breeding method and flocked plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01168218A (en) 1989-07-03

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