JPH01176896A - Piping excellent in anti-alga and anti-shell performance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a pipe having excellent anti-alga and anti-shell performance by planting many fibers from at least one of inner or outer face of the pipe. CONSTITUTION:A fiber cloth 2 is fixed to the inner face of a pipe 1, to stand many crops 3. The material composing the fiber crops 3 includes polyethylene terephtalate and copolymer thereof, polyesters such as polybuthylene and copolymer thereof, polyamides such as nylon 6, 11, 12, 66, 610, natural fibers and the like. It is known that alga and shellfish scarcely adhere to a relatively soft material, a relatively smooth material or a rollable material, and such characteristics are realized artificially through this pipe.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to piping. More specifically, the present invention relates to piping with excellent algae- and shellfish-proof properties.

[Conventional technology]

Fish and shellfish farming is mainly carried out on land in areas with poor geographical conditions. Pumping up seawater from the sea is an essential condition for cultivating these species. In addition, nuclear power plants are gradually being built to replace hydropower and thermal power generation. The circulating cooling water for the reactors at this nuclear power plant is also pumped up from seawater. These seawater pumping pipes are
Corrosion-resistant metals or cement are mainly used, but large amounts of shellfish and algae adhere to these pipes, reducing pumping efficiency, causing damage, and even forcing cleaning work in a short period of time. Ru. In order to prevent this even to the slightest extent, we have traditionally used organic tin and chromium.

Methods such as coating the pipes with paint containing compounds such as zinc and lead have been used. However, the use of such compounds always poses problems such as contamination of fish and shellfish in surrounding waters, occurrence of malformed fish, pollution of water quality in drainage waters, and even contamination of the human body. Ta.

However, in an era where the prevention of environmental pollution is emphasized by vehicle height,
It has been desired to develop piping that does not cause the above problems.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In view of these problems, the present invention aims to provide pollution-free piping that prevents the adhesion of algae, shellfish, etc.

[Means for solving problems]

The present inventors have finally arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems.

That is, the piping of the present invention is characterized by having a large number of fiber naps attached to at least the inner and/or outer surfaces of the pipe, and has excellent algae- and shellfish-proofing properties.

[Effect]

The piping of the present invention will be explained in detail below.

The term "pipe" used in the present invention refers to pipes, grooves, and weirs used for pumping up, draining, and distributing water, regardless of whether it is freshwater, seawater, or brackish water. Therefore, the shape of the piping is not limited to a cylindrical shape, but any substantially tubular shape such as a U-shape, a modified U-shape, a concave shape, etc. can be used. The materials used for these pipes are plastic, metal, and wood.

Various types of materials may be mentioned, such as bamboo, cement, ceramic, 5-foam styrene, and polyurethane.

It is not particularly limited. The important point is the large number of fiber naps provided to cover the inner and/or outer surfaces of these pipes.

It is said that algae and shellfish have difficulty adhering to relatively soft objects, smooth objects with few surface irregularities, or objects that are easily shaken. The inventors.

In the process of examining the piping surface and the adhesion of algae and shellfish spores to determine how to artificially create piping with such properties, we discovered that by coating the piping surface with a large number of fibers, we It has been discovered that algae- and shellfish-proofing effects can be obtained without coating or kneading reagents with anti-adhesion properties.

In other words, in the present invention, it is important to more effectively make the inner and/or outer surfaces of the piping have the above-mentioned structure that prevents adhesion.Firstly, the hardness and softness of the piping surface depends on the fiber denier and material, and also depends on the trend. .

The property of transmitting the shaking motion caused by waves is influenced by the nap length and denier of the fibers, and the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the material. How to create a surface condition that makes it difficult for spores or zoospores released by algae and shellfish to settle on the surface.

Alternatively, the important point is how to combine the above-mentioned properties on the piping surface to make it difficult to take root and to make it fall off even if it grows on the pipe.

Materials that make up the nap of the fibers include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and its copolymers, polybutylene terephthalate and its copolymers, and nylon 6.
．． Polyamides represented by 11.12, 66.610, etc. and their copolymers, acrylic polymers, polyurethane, low density, medium density, high density polyethylene and their copolymers, polypropylene and their copolymers. All kinds of fibers such as copolymers, polystyrene and their copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, rayon, and natural 1a fibers can be used. These fibers can be used alone, mixed, or composited. Furthermore, natural leather with raised naps can also be used.

The cross-sectional shape of the fiber is not particularly limited.

All shapes such as circular, deformed, hollow, core-sheath type, etc. can be used.

The denier of the fibers constituting the nap used in the present invention is:
Considering the durability of the nap, the swingability of the nap, etc., the denier is preferably 5 denier or less. In addition, the shape of the nap is a state in which single fibers of 5 deniers or less are densely packed together, or a state where the root consists of a bundle of single fibers with a diameter of 5 deniers or less, and the nape of the single fibers are densely packed toward the tip, or a state where the root is a bundle of single fibers with a diameter of 5 deniers or less. Examples include, but are not particularly limited to, a so-called brush state in which napped fibers of large denier single fibers whose tips are divided into single fibers of 5 deniers or less are clustered together, and a napped state resulting from a combination of these.

The fibers constituting the nap may have crimps.

That is, if such crimp exists.

Water easily enters between the napped fibers, and the water retention property is significantly improved.It always gives a slippery feeling to the piping surface.It is sensitive to the rocking action of tides and waves, and it is difficult for spores of algae and shellfish to adhere to it. Moreover, even if it adheres, it can be easily removed, which is preferable because it can further enhance the effect.

The crimp form includes two-dimensional crimp, three-dimensional crimp, etc., but is not particularly limited.

For example, a crimped mix that takes advantage of differential shrinkage.

Alternatively, crimps that occur during false twisting or crimps that are mechanically generated using a crimper are common.

Even if the piping surface is covered with fiber naps, it is effective to prevent the adhesion of algae and shellfish, but in order to make the effects of the present invention even more effective, it is preferable to increase the length of the naps. The hair length can be adjusted taking into account economic efficiency, workability, place of use, purpose, etc., but as a guide, the hair length is 0.5.
It is good to set it to ms or more, more preferably 2 dragons or more.

If the piloerection is less than 0.5 W, the piloe will not receive sufficient rocking action due to current and wave resistance, and algae and shellfish spores will easily adhere to it, which is undesirable. The longer the hair is.

The finer the fiber denier, the better the anti-algae and shellfish effects, but there is an upper limit to the nap length.

Taking into account the piloe formation technology, etc., it is realistic to set the length to about 451 m. In reality, the combination of the denier of the fibers that form the nap and the nap length is a thick denier, considering the overall balance of durability, economy, workability, etc., and algae-proofing and shellfish-proofing properties. If the denier is fine, the fiber length should be adjusted to be shorter.

Further, the length of the raised hair in the brush-like raised form described above is the length from the nine-divided area to the tip, for example, 0.5n or more as described above.

The nap density of the fibers that cover the piping surface varies depending on the fiber denier, nap length, number of crimp, etc.

- Although there are some points that cannot be generalized, if the fiber denier is thick, the nap length should be longer and the nap density should be coarser;
When the fiber denier is thin, it is economically preferable to adjust the nap length to be shorter and the nap density to be denser.

The fibers covering the piping surface may be colored.

The growth of algae is largely determined by photosynthesis. Germination of algae spores 2 The elongation of germinated bodies varies depending on the amount and quality of light, and in shallow areas, there are many bright red and long wavelength regions.

As it gets deeper, it gets darker, and the colors change to only green, blue, and purple, and the types of algae that live there are also different. Therefore, in order for algae to actively attach and grow, it is necessary to change the color tone to the wavelength range suitable for photosynthesis. A colored material is necessary, but from the purpose of the present invention, it is rather attached.

A color tone that is difficult to grow can further enhance the effects of the present invention. From this point of view, the final color tone of the raised fluff and the color tone of the piping will depend on the location where the piping is installed.

Depending on the type of algae growing in the sea area, it is effective to select a coloring that makes it difficult for the algae to absorb light in the wavelength range suitable for photosynthesis, although this should vary depending on the depth and other factors.

The fibers that cover the piping surface may be coated with or kneaded with a substance that has an appropriate biofouling prevention effect, or they may be made into fibers by incorporating particles such as microcapsules into a polymer. Even if it's only possible (.

Greater effects of the present invention can also be obtained by using such means in combination.

1 to 3 are model diagrams showing one embodiment of the pipe according to the present invention, in which the above-mentioned raised fabric 2 is attached to the inner surface of the pipe 1, and a large number of raised naps 3 are attached. The piping is shown in Figures 1 and 3.

FIG. 2 shows a pipe according to the present invention having a large number of raised bristles 3 on both the inner and outer surfaces.

In the present invention, the part to which the raised fabric is attached is:

It may be the entire surface of the piping or a portion thereof, or both or one of the inner and outer surfaces. There are two ways to add raised fluff to the piping surface: For example, by electroplating, by sewing a double pile woven fabric or a raised fabric made of needle cloth, sandpaper, etc., or by pasting these fabrics with adhesive. The most common methods are to sandwich these fabrics using cloth or other base materials, etc.

It is not particularly limited.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained in detail below using Examples.

The present invention is not restricted or limited by these examples. Rather, it brings about first-order applied development.

Example 1 75 denier (D)-48 filament (f) of polyethylene terephthalate was used as the ground warp yarn forming the base material.
1000-2 of polyethylene terephthalate for the ground weft
Using a 4f thread, a 75D-18f thread of polyethylene terephthalate with a single yarn denier of 4.2d was used as the pile thread to connect the upper and lower two tiers of fabric, and the pile length was 11mm using a double velvet loom. Weaved. The weaving density of the ground texture of this fabric is 90 threads/1n in the vertical direction and 1 n in the horizontal direction.
05 pieces/in. Next, desizing and scouring and drying were performed according to a general textile processing method. The obtained fabric was a napped fabric with a weave density of 96 strands/in in the vertical direction and 113 strands/in in the horizontal direction, and a pile length of 10 strands. Next, the plastic pipe was cut in half, and the above-mentioned napped fabric was attached to the inside thereof with an adhesive. This pipe was installed at the end of a seawater pump for abalone cultivation.

Example 2 A 75D-48f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used as the ground warp yarn forming the base fabric, a 1000-24f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used as the ground weft yarn, and the pile yarn connecting the upper and lower two layers of fabric had a single yarn denier of 0. Using a 60D-144f yarn made of polyethylene terephthalate of 42d, it was woven on a double velvet loom so that the pile length was 5.5 fins. The weave density of the ground structure of this fabric is
It was 93 lines/in vertically and 110 lines/in horizontally. Next, desizing and scouring and drying were performed according to a general textile processing method. The obtained woven fabric has a weaving density of 90 strands/m in the vertical direction.
, pile length approx. 5. It was a napped fabric from On. Next, using the same plastic pipe as in Example 1, the above-mentioned napped fabric was attached with an adhesive in the same manner. This pipe was connected to the pipe of Example 1.

Example 3 A 75D-48f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used for the ground warp yarn forming the base fabric, a 100D-24f polyethylene terephthalate yarn was used for the ground weft yarn, and a sea-island polymer was used for the pile yarn connecting the upper and lower two tiers of fabric. Mutual array fiber (island component is polyethylene terephthalate, sea component is polystyrene.

Island component/sea component = 80/20% by weight, number of islands = 16,
Using a 75D-36f yarn with a fineness of 0.1 d), it was woven with a double velvet loom so that the pile length was long and the length was 2 cranes. The weaving density of the ground structure of this fabric was 93 threads/in in the vertical direction and 107 threads/in in the horizontal direction. Next, it was set to dry heat, further immersed in trichlorethylene, and squeezed with a mangle to elute and remove the polystyrene, which is a sea component.

Dry.

The resulting fabric was covered with ultrafine fibers having a pile length of about 1.0 m. Weave density is 99 strands/in vertically and 11 strands/in horizontally.
It was a napped fabric with 5 strands/in. Next.

A plastic pipe similar to Example 1 was used.

In the same way, the above-mentioned napped fabric was pasted on with adhesive.

This pipe was connected to the pipe of Example 2.

Example 4 Using 751)-48f of polyethylene terephthalate for the ground warp yarn forming the base fabric and 100D-24f yarn of polyethylene terephthalate for the ground weft yarn, island component/sea was used in the pile yarn connecting the upper and lower two tiers of fabric. Ingredients = polyethylene terephthalate/polystyrene, island/sea component ratio = 80
/20% by weight.

Number of Shimamotos = 16 polymeric mutually arranged fibers and island component/sea component = copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate/poly-styrene, island/sea component ratio = 80/20% by weight, number of Shimamotos = 16
A double velvet loom using 81D-18F yarn mixed with 50150% by weight of real polymer mutually aligned type fibers in the spinning process.

It was woven so that the pile length was 12.5 mW. The weaving density of the ground structure of this fabric was 90 threads/in in the vertical direction and 105 threads/in in the horizontal direction. Next, it was treated with dry heat at 180° C. for 5 minutes, then immersed in trichlorethylene, squeezed with a mangle to elute and remove sea components, and then dried. The resulting fabric is.

Fiber denier approx. 0 with fine crimp of pile length approx.
．． The weave density covered with 23 d ultra-fine fibers is vertical 9.
It was 9 pieces/inch and 115 pieces/inch horizontally. Next, using the same plastic rack pipe as in Example 1, the above-mentioned napped fabric was attached with an adhesive in the same manner.

This pipe was connected to the pipe of Example 3.

Comparative Example The plastic pipe used in Example 1 was not cut in half,
And it was connected to the vibrator of Example 4 without pasting anything.

A total of five connected vibrators of Examples 1.2.3.4 and Comparative Example obtained as described above were installed at the tip of a pump piping for pumping up seawater for abalone cultivation. The results of evaluating the adhesion of algae and shellfish to the inside of the pipe after installation were as follows:
As shown in the table.

As can be seen from these results, young shellfish such as Fujitbo and oysters were attached to the surfaces of plastic pipes without fiber naps, regardless of whether they were inside or outside, after just one month of being dropped into the sea, and over a long period of time. In addition, large amounts of shellfish and green algae,
It was confirmed that brown algae were attached. Compared to this, 1
The vibrator whose inner surface is coated with raised fibers according to the present invention,
Although the outer surface was not much different from the comparative example, the inner surface had very excellent anti-algae and shellfish properties as shown in Table 1.

Table 1 〔Evaluation criteria〕 ◎ mark: No adhesion of algae or shellfish was observed.

○ mark: Very little was observed.

Δ mark: A small amount of was observed.

× mark: Adhesion of algae and shellfish was observed in large amounts.

XX mark: A very large number of marks were observed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

(1) The piping according to the present invention as described above has excellent algae-proofing properties and shellfish-proofing properties. Therefore, it is possible to further obtain specific effects as described below.

(2) It is economically advantageous because the period for removing algae and shellfish adhering to the piping surface is extended.

(3) It is possible to prevent damage to pumping and drainage pumps.

(4) It is possible to secure a stable amount of water.

(5) Improved flow of solids mixed in water.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are model diagrams showing an embodiment of piping according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a piping base material, 2 is a napped fabric, and 3 is a nap. Tomiida

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Piping with excellent algae and shellfish resistance, characterized by having a large number of fiber naps attached to at least the inner and/or outer surfaces of the pipe.