JPH0458470B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0458470B2 JPH0458470B2 JP24137684A JP24137684A JPH0458470B2 JP H0458470 B2 JPH0458470 B2 JP H0458470B2 JP 24137684 A JP24137684 A JP 24137684A JP 24137684 A JP24137684 A JP 24137684A JP H0458470 B2 JPH0458470 B2 JP H0458470B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- benzotriazolylphenol
- present
- compound
- methylenebis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- ZOEXQRSGICVVTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)-6-[[3-(2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxy-5-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenyl]methyl]-4-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=3N=NNC=3C=CC=2)O)=C(O)C(C=2C=3N=NNC=3C=CC=2)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZOEXQRSGICVVTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- YHCGGLXPGFJNCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)phenol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=C1N=NN2 YHCGGLXPGFJNCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 2
- XCPFSALHURPPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 XCPFSALHURPPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRRSZPBVIHXNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)c1ccc(O)c(c1)-c1cccc2[nH]nnc12 JRRSZPBVIHXNBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFPNWTYWZRBZOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)-4-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)C1=CC=CC=2NN=NC21)O IFPNWTYWZRBZOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUULCLDVQVCDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)-6-(diethylaminomethyl)-4-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C(C)N(CC)CC1=C(C(=CC(=C1)C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=2NN=NC21)O HUULCLDVQVCDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSKABHKQRSJYCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)-6-[[3-(2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)-2-hydroxy-5-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenyl]methyl]-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)C=2C=3N=NNC=3C=CC=2)O)=C(O)C=1C1=CC=CC2=C1N=NN2 PSKABHKQRSJYCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXOPJJPCBRTSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methylicosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)(C(O)=O)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 OXOPJJPCBRTSLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHKWEDRAPLIPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-hydroxy-5-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenyl]methyl]-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=2C(=CC=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)O)=C1 NHKWEDRAPLIPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHZQOKUDQQISEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Cumylphenol Natural products C1=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YHZQOKUDQQISEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Didodecyl thiobispropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCC GHKOFFNLGXMVNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003508 Dilauryl thiodipropionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical class O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical group N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 1
- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRGNPJFAKZHQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethene;ethene Chemical group C=C.ClC=C KRGNPJFAKZHQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019304 dilauryl thiodipropionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000447 dimerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QBDSZLJBMIMQRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Cumylphenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 QBDSZLJBMIMQRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP24137684A JPS61118374A (ja) | 1984-11-15 | 1984-11-15 | ビス(ベンゾトリアゾリルフエノ−ル)化合物 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP24137684A JPS61118374A (ja) | 1984-11-15 | 1984-11-15 | ビス(ベンゾトリアゾリルフエノ−ル)化合物 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS61118374A JPS61118374A (ja) | 1986-06-05 |
JPH0458470B2 true JPH0458470B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1992-09-17 |
Family
ID=17073362
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP24137684A Granted JPS61118374A (ja) | 1984-11-15 | 1984-11-15 | ビス(ベンゾトリアゾリルフエノ−ル)化合物 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS61118374A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011055817A2 (ja) | 2009-11-09 | 2011-05-12 | Yamamoto Genshi | 繊維材料又は皮革材料のペーパー捺染法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3709779A1 (de) * | 1987-03-25 | 1988-10-06 | Bayer Ag | Polydiorganosiloxan-polycarbonat- blockcokondensate mit verbessertem schutz gegen uv-licht |
JPH05187955A (ja) * | 1992-07-16 | 1993-07-27 | Sumitomo 3M Ltd | 漏水検知帯及びその製造方法 |
JP2001106677A (ja) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-17 | Osaka Seika Kogyo Kk | ベンゾトリアゾール系化合物及び光安定剤 |
-
1984
- 1984-11-15 JP JP24137684A patent/JPS61118374A/ja active Granted
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011055817A2 (ja) | 2009-11-09 | 2011-05-12 | Yamamoto Genshi | 繊維材料又は皮革材料のペーパー捺染法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS61118374A (ja) | 1986-06-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR20050058505A (ko) | 폴리비닐 클로라이드 가소화제로서 유용한 게미날 이치환된올레핀-일산화탄소-에틸렌 중합체 및 이를 제조하는 방법 | |
EP0070388B1 (en) | Novel light stabilizers for polymers | |
US3939201A (en) | Esters | |
JPH0458470B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | ||
JPH0458469B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | ||
JPH0566938B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | ||
US3956220A (en) | Vinyl resins plasticized with mixed mellitate compounds | |
US5068356A (en) | Hindered phenolic n-(amido)imides | |
US5164436A (en) | Waxy compounds of aromatic alcohols, their preparation and their use | |
US4292237A (en) | Polymeric ultraviolet light stabilizers containing hindered alkyl amines | |
US3433661A (en) | Plasticizer compositions consisting of polynuclear aromatic compounds | |
US2839571A (en) | Ester products | |
US2683701A (en) | Plasticized polyvinyl chloride polymers | |
JPS62198682A (ja) | ヒドロキシフエニルカルボン酸アマイド化合物 | |
US2569404A (en) | Vinyl chloride polymers plasticized with esters of (1', 2'-dicarboxyethyl) octadecenoic acid | |
US3023185A (en) | Plasticizers for vinyl-type resins | |
JPH0625330A (ja) | 安定剤として使用するのに好適な立体障害アミノ基を含有する重合体化合物およびそれを含む重合体組成物 | |
US2757180A (en) | Tris (tetrahydrofurfuryl) (1', 2'-dicarboxyethyl) octadecenoate | |
US5100940A (en) | Polymeric compositions stabilized with hindered phenolic N-(amido)imides | |
Magne et al. | Fatty acid morpholides as plasticizers for vinyl chloride resins. II. The morpholides of selectively hydrogenated and of epoxidized cottonseed fatty acids | |
CN115703901B (zh) | 一种abs树脂加工助剂及其制备方法、abs树脂复合加工助剂 | |
US2569407A (en) | Vinyl chloride polymers plasticized with alkoxyethyl esters of (1', 2'-dicarboxyethyl) octadecenoic acid | |
US2889300A (en) | Vinyl chloride polymers plasticized with a condensate of a tetrahydrofurfuryl ester of a mono-olefinic mono-carboxylic acid and a dialkyl fumarate | |
US2569405A (en) | Vinyl chloride polymers plasticized with esters of (1', 2'-dicarboxyethyl) undecylenic acid | |
US2809947A (en) | Vinyl chloride resin plasticized with tris (tetrahydrofurfuryl) (1', 2'-dicarboxyethyl) octadecenoate |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |