JPH04506236A - Insulating products of mineral fiber wool, especially for the insulation of pipes, and methods for producing such products. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat insulation product of mineral fibre wool and to a method of producing this. The curable binding agent of the product is an aqueous suspension containing water glass and slag. The slag reacts hydraulically with the alkalis of the water glass, yielding water resistant bonds. During the preparation of the product, the suspension of water glass and slag is agitated before being applied onto the product. The curing of the binding agent can be carried out at once or later, at the prevailing outer temperature or at a raised temperature.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Insulating products of mineral fiber wool, especially for the insulation of pipes, and methods for producing such products. The present invention relates to mineral fiber insulation products, particularly for the insulation of pipes. This product includes Good temperature resistance, moisture resistance and high temporary loads, i.e. on pipes during installation work On the other hand, the pipe installation should have enough strength to withstand the above process. Insulating material instantly or It can then be formed into the desired shape and subsequently exposed to ambient or elevated temperature. Can be cured under 30 degrees.

From a manufacturing point of view, this product is economically optimal. It must be possible to produce roll-up sheets. The curing temperature should be adapted to the situation. Therefore, the curing time must be short.

Finnish Patent Specification No. 67751 describes the production of insulators based on mineral wool. is disclosed. To achieve the desired compression and temperature resistance, viscous slug The material, preferably bentonite, is added to the preformed and hardened tubular body or insulating plate. It is absorbed into it by applying pressure. The process requires several hours of curing in an oven. do. The insulation has good temperature resistance above 800℃, but it is slow and expensive. It is expensive due to the process and expensive raw materials. Further disadvantages of bentonite bodies is that its surface is rough, which requires additional surface treatment, i.e., sealing. This increases the price of the product.

Phenol cured insulators are also known. Phenol is fairly cheap and quickly It is a fast curing binder.

Phenol-cured products can withstand temperatures up to 250°C, but if the temperature remains above 250°C for an extended period of time. If exceeded, the bond is broken. At high temperatures of 400°C or higher, the binder residue will catch fire. The temperature rises rapidly and the product disintegrates. Another disadvantage of phenolic insulators is , releasing toxic gases during combustion.

SE design publications (SE 1ay-out prlnt) 420, 488 are examples discloses, for example, the use of compact bodies based on water glass and clay mineral substances as binders. There is. The binder provides good water and heat resistance in the product. On the other hand, this product The product has poor compression resistance and is made of mineral fibers and treated according to the above design publication. Tubular bodies cannot withstand temporary loads. Additionally, this product is brittle and therefore generates dust. do.

According to the present invention, it has been found that the following insulating products can be manufactured. vinegar i.e. especially suitable for tubular bodies, based on water glass as a binder, with the addition of slag Mineral fiber winding system prepared by conventional methods by using a binder prepared by It is an insulating product consisting of

Main features of the invention are apparent from the characterizing parts of claims 1 to 7.

Slag imparts many beneficial properties to insulating materials.

The alkaline substances in water glass act as activators for slag (slag alkali (See cement). Along with water glass, slag is also used in water glass without slag added. The compression resistance of this cured product compared to products treated with lath-containing binders Hydration bond that improves properties and reduces brittleness, thus reducing dusting and large dust particles form.

Furthermore, in products containing water glass-based binders and with slag additions, Good moisture resistance is achieved. Due to hydration bonding of slag to water glass, water Tightly bonded and chemically bonded to the structure. Chemically combined water has an ignition temperature of The water that evaporates at 500 degrees keeps the temperature low for long periods of time, increasing the material's fire-resistance ability. . Water glass-based binders resist long-term sustained temperature attack up to 800°C .

Combined with water glass, slag increases the crystallinity of the material, resulting in a tendency towards moisture absorption and Reduce dampness.

Furthermore, more rapid curing and the possibility of selecting curing conditions are provided. . Products containing water glass and slag in a binder are placed in a conventional curing chamber. The curing time for thin-walled products is about 20 to 60 seconds, and at most for thick-walled tubular products. It takes about 20 minutes for the body. Similarly, good curing times can be achieved by However, these binders are unsuitable in other respects. Other known bonds The agents require curing times of up to several hours.

Another advantage of this "water glass/slag" system is that the binder is It is possible to form non-swelling compounds even when the swelling temperature exceeds 160°C. .

A further advantage of slag is its reactivity at room temperature.

This means, among other things, that the slag completely prevents carbonation, which should be noted. This is an advantage that should be noticed.

Other mineral hardeners such as fly ash and clay do not have this property. clay and similar substances act primarily as fillers.

According to the invention, the beneficial effect of slag is on both water glass content and fiber content. , was found to be achieved with a relatively small amount of slag. In the binder, The (water glass dry matter) to (slag) weight ratio is approximately 100:1 to 100:5. 0, preferably 10:1 to 10:2. In products (mineral fibers) The fiber ff1) to (water glass dry matter) ratio is about 100:1 to 100:20. , preferably 100:5 to 100:15.

The binder slag is preferably blast furnace slag.

This "slag/water glass" system is perfectly controllable and, as a result, Provides great flexibility in how mineral wool insulation products are prepared. control Possible elements are among others:

Slag water glass curing conditions Slag chemistry Types of water glass Temperature Slag Mineralogy Molar Ratio Time Fineness of grinding Modifier Environment (humidity) Particle distribution Water glass composition modifier Knowledge of the behavior of various slags in alkaline environments will improve the properties of the final product. It is possible to control the

The slag reacts with the alkali in the water glass. That is, it is activated. This way In this way, a water-resistant hydrated phase of the zeolite type is obtained. Because of this mechanism, residual Molar ratio Rg to the reaction water glass (mole of silicon and mole of alkali in the water glass) ratio) increases to such a magnitude that this residue also becomes water resistant. Contains alkali The higher the amount, i.e. the lower the molar ratio Rs, the more the alkali is present in the water-resistant form. Requires high slug components for anchoring.

The molar ratio Rs of commercially available water glass is approximately 3.3. According to the present invention, very low motor ratios can also be used, in which case to provide water resistance of the final composite. It was recognized that high slag content is required.

Even NaOH or NaCOa can be used.

However, it is desirable to use a molar ratio of Rs≧2.3. Regarding slag reactivity The optimum moisture resistance is obtained for R5m2.7-3.0.

The main component of slag-glass is CaO5Mg0SSiO-A/20a . For “slag/water glass” systems, hydration bonds can be achieved within a reasonable length of time. In order to obtain It is generally true that a lower molar ratio Rs should be used. Rs≦2. If a lower molar ratio of 7 is used, the slag content must be increased. 1 ．． In case of high Ca　O/　S　iO2 ratio of 3 or more, water glass with Rs≧3.3 can be used, and sufficient reactivity can be obtained.

The degree of reactivity is controlled by temperature and curing time.

The higher the curing temperature, the shorter the curing time; the lower the former, the longer the latter.

The lower Rs, the shorter the curing time at a constant temperature.

Higher Rs requires longer curing times or higher temperatures.

Preliminary reaction of slag and water glass with stirring at room temperature or elevated temperature The degree of reactivity and the rate of curing can be further increased by. result, final, hydration A phase is formed which speeds up curing if a binder is applied to the mineral wool.

If the curing temperature exceeds approximately 160°C, it is necessary to use a scrubber to prevent the water glass from swelling. The lag content must be increased (see slag alkaline cement).

Milling the slag increases the reaction rate and reactivity.

This allows the use of high Rs water glasses, or alternatively low R Very rapid curing can be achieved in s. Using finely ground slag The stability of the water glass and slag slurry can also be improved by

Water glass can be made of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate or ammonium silicate. It may also be a solution of um. If the slag content is high, hydroxide and/or or carbonates can be added.

Preparation of mineral wool products and binding agents based on water glass and containing slag The addition is carried out in a conventional manner in conventional equipment. Binding agent inside traditional machine line is added to the fibers as a solution through a nozzle in the wool chamber. water moth The lath and slag are pre-mixed in water and kept agitated before being spread onto the wool. Ru. Curing of wool materials mixed with binders can occur immediately or later, at room temperature or at elevated temperatures. It is carried out at a temperature that is

Besides water glass and slag, the binder solution probably contains additional hardeners, modifiers and dust. It may contain binders and/or hydrophobes.

The binder solution and additives are applied immediately after fiber formation, preferably onto the wool chaff. It is carried out in the room.

This is an essential advantage. Because here the wool is fresh This is because it has good adhesion.

The binder mixture is sprayed onto the wool via a centrifugal binder nozzle, while the surrounding Both the spray container and the center spray container can be used. The options are different Two solutions are fed to the wool, resulting in modifier and/or additional curing agent. On the one hand, the spray is supplied from a vessel (water glass/slag slurry) + (a potential modifier) can be supplied from the other sprayer. It is possible.

The additional binder solution may be added to the wool in subsequent steps in the production of the insulating material. can be added. By applying more binder solution to the primary winding sheet, A composite product with better resistance is obtained. -Additional additives to the next winding sheet By adding , special properties can be imparted to the material.

Before supplying the binder, only compatible substances need to be premixed, the other Other necessary additional ingredients are mixed only at the point of application. Mixing can be done quickly, e.g. This is done by rapid mixing, ie in a tube mixer.

In this way, the residence time is such that no gelation or precipitation reactions occur. It would be short enough. Any additional water required can also be fed into the quick mixer. prepared from The amount of water is - to provide appropriate moisture to the next rolled sheet and prevent dust generation. adjusted so that The evaporation of water that occurs in the wool chamber causes the water to evaporate onto the fibers. Increase the viscosity of the applied fiber composition. If the viscosity increases, the movement of ions becomes becomes lower, resulting in a decrease in reaction rate. In this way, - the next winding sheet maintains its elasticity and hardening ability for several days to 7 weeks if further water drainage is prevented. do.

When manufacturing insulating sheets, these sheets are mostly mineral rolled sheets or It is cut out from The mineral sheet is made into the desired thickness by reciprocating motion in a conventional manner. It is expanded and then cured.

According to one preferred method, the mineral fiber wound sheet is e.g. Cured at room temperature. In this way the sheet has better flexibility. Dew. As is well known, slow-curing fibrous bodies must be cured at high temperatures. It has greater flexibility and elasticity than a thin fibrous body.

According to another preferred embodiment, the secondary winding sheet having a desired thickness is non-woven. taken up in the cured state and in a non-curing environment, i.e. at a suitable temperature for at most a given time. During this time, it is sealed in plastic and stored. This insulating material is For insulation in areas that are not easily accessible and have difficult to handle shapes, e.g. for repair objects. used. The insulation is then cured at normal temperatures. Appropriate thickness Applying insulating mats with a It's relatively easy. Curing occurs naturally at normal temperatures and requires special handling. No steps or equipment required.

This method is also suitable for wool blowing applications. In this use it is drawn into small tufts. The cracked uncured fiber material is pasted onto the pipe where the wool is exposed to normal temperatures. can be cured at

When manufacturing tubular bodies, the secondary winding sheet is formed into the desired shape of the tubular body and This is followed by curing in a known manner. Its curing is rapid at high temperatures and slow at low temperatures. It is carried out as follows.

Additional additives such as additional hardeners, modifiers, dust binders and hydrophobic agents are Works with "Russ/Slab" system.

According to the invention, additional hardening agents include mineral salts and mineral compounds, suitable acids, esters, etc. or alcohol, or a combination thereof. Mineral salts are e.g. It can be a magnesium, aluminum or calcium salt or compound.

For example, phosphoric acid is a usable acid. Buffer hardeners are also used to adjust storage times It is possible. The additional curing agent may be a combination of the above curing agents.

For water glass, organic polymers, inorganic polymers, cellulose, organosilicon polymers, Various modifiers are suitably used, such as silicones, such as silicones. During curing Monomers polymerized by e.g. pH change or temperature increase may also be used. obtain. Water glass modifiers do not form a film together. Modifiers reduce water vapor. The aim is to soften the glass, thereby increasing the adhesion of water glass to the fiber surface.

Water glass modifiers improve the elastic properties, water resistance, carbonation resistance, etc. of water glass.

Dust binders include alcohols, polyols, film-forming polymers, and gelling polymers. Rimers, waxes, oils, fats, paraffin, etc. are suitably used. dust binder The action can be either physical (film formation) or chemical (surface-active properties). This means joining cars together, or joining dust to raw materials. high temperature hardness If oxidation is carried out, dust melt binders such as stearates or A hardened dust binder may be used that forms a film over the surface. Very large number of dust binders At the same time, it has a water repellent effect.

The action of hydrophobes is to prevent water and moisture from entering the product.

Hydrophobic agents include silanes, silicones, oils, various hydrophobic compounds, and hydrophobic starches. used. It is important to note that potential hydrophilic emulsifiers are destructive. Ru. This can occur by increasing the pH value or by increasing the temperature.

Polybutene silane compounds have been found to be particularly useful as dust binders and hydrophobic agents. Proven. The polybutene acts as a dust binder and the silane as a hydrophobic agent.

Within the various groups, compatible compounds may be mixed together, while incompatible compounds may be mixed together. Are the compounds mixed immediately before application or applied through separate nozzles? ,Must.

The present invention is illustrated by various embodiments and of various important characteristics of the manufactured insulating products. It will be explained below by showing numerical values.

Example 1 83% of water glass (Rs = 2.7, dry content 39%) and 13% of blast furnace slag. % of the suspension contains silane as the hydrophobic agent and polybutene as the film-forming layer binder. (8% dry content) in a tubular mixer.

When calculated as dry matter, water glass forms 11.2% of the wool and The additives form 13% of the water glass and the modifiers form 1.8% of the water glass. Woo The production of 2.8 tons/hour is 2.8 tons/hour, and the dosing of various solutions is water glass/slag suspension. The rate was 10°217 minutes, the modifier solution 3.217 minutes, and the water rate 101/minute. -Next winding The sheet is wrapped into a tubular body with a diameter of 350 mm and a wall thickness of 60 mm. Cure for 3 minutes. Cut a specimen of 63.5 m × 63.5 m from the tubular body. The sample was sampled and tested for linear shrinkage at 600°C in accordance with ASTM 356-60. Product density At a temperature of 101 kg/m3, the shrinkage was only 1.4%.

Example 2 95% of water glass (Rs = 3.3, dry content 37%) and 5% of blast furnace slag The suspension is treated with additional curing agent (5% Hs P O4) as a hydrophobic agent and dust binder. of a film-forming polymer (5% dry content); mixed in the kisa. When calculated as dry matter, water glass is 1 part of wool 1.4% of water glass, and slag, phosphoric acid, and modifier form 5% and 2.5% of water glass, respectively. , 088%. The production of wool is 3.2 tons/hour, and the Added water glass/slag suspension 12.51/min, additional hardener 5.317/min, modified The agent solution was 4.217 minutes, and the water was 111 minutes. − From the next winding sheet, the winding sheet A sample was prepared in a curing chamber at 140°C. 5FS4193 compliant Fire tests have been carried out on specimens with a thickness of only 26 mm and densities of 217 and 225 kg/m3 respectively. The results were 52 and 58 minutes of fire resistance, respectively. It was. The large side temperature increase due to 5F84193 is shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.

The test lasted for 1 hour and the temperature at the end of the test was 925°C. C The figures should not be deformed or bent in any way; they simply represent representative values obtained. You should be careful. The results show that testing over 70 different formulations1 The results were collected from one different full-scale test.

FIG. 2 shows a representative relationship between split resistance and density for sheet products according to the present invention.

Figure 3 shows the relationship between tensile bending strength and density for a number of sheet products according to the present invention. show.

required to compress a cured sheet product according to the invention by 5 and 10%, respectively. The forces applied are shown in Figure 4.

Water absorption was tested according to B52972:1975. Intended for good hydrophobicity The water absorption of the sheet product was as follows.

After soaking for 0.5 hours, only 0.3 to 1.6% by volume 1 day //” 3.8 7. 0” Moisture resistance is measured by swelling while stored in a climatic chamber at 40°C and 95% relative humidity. tested by Swelling at 20-30°C is practically zero or very slow. temperature was chosen to be 1:40° C. to obtain rapid results. density The optimal result for a 140 kg/m” sheet product is zero swelling after 1 day and swelling after 7 days. It was only 0.3%.

Table 1 Temperature rise over time Time t Furnace temperature rise T-T.

82% of water glass (Rs-2,4, dry matter content 44%) and 18% of blast furnace slag suspension containing a film-forming polymer as a hydrophobic agent and a dust binder. The solids solution (dry content ff1lo%) was mixed in a tubular mixer. dry matter If calculated as 15.8% of the water glass, the slag will be 15.8% of the wool. At 50%, the modifier represents 3.6% of the water glass. Wool production is 2.8 tons /hour, and the dosing of various solutions is water glass/slag suspension 13.21/min, modified The agent solution was 6.0 min, and the water was 8 min. - Diameter 520 from the next winding sheet A tubular body with a thickness of 120 cm and a density of 96°0 kg/m3 was prepared.

Place the tubular body on top of the steam pipe and raise the temperature of the steam vibe to 520℃. raised. The insulation was tested after 60 hours at this temperature and its λ value was measured. . The λ value was 0.1010 W/m"c at 520°C. The tubular body was 0°C). The notable difference is that the inner surface of the tubular body is harder than the outer surface. This was probably due to continued hardening of the binder.

Time t (minutes) FIG. 1 Splitting resistance 1 kN/m2 Tensile bending strength 1 kN/m2 o 8 Lid Decay 8 ρ Words necessary power Copy and translation of written amendment) Submission (Article 184-7, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Act) October 1991 4 days ~

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. Mineral fiber insulation products, especially for pipe insulation, whose binder is mainly water gas. glass, and a material that forms hydration bonds with water glass, preferably slag. An insulating product characterized by: 2. The molar weight ratio between the amount of mineral fiber and the dry substance of water glass is 100:1 to 100:2. 0, preferably 100:5 to 100:15. An insulating product according to claim 1, characterized in that it is present in an insulating product. 3. The weight ratio of water glass dry matter to slag is preferably 100:1 to 100:50. The slag may be present in the binder in an amount such that the ratio is between 10:1 and 10:2. An insulating product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 4. Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the slag is pulverized blast furnace slag. Insulation products due to deviation. 5. The binder may contain modifiers, dust binders, hydrophobic agents and/or additives for mineral fibers. The insulation product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it contains an additional hardening agent. Goods. 6. The binder contains polybutene silane as a dust binder and hydrophobic agent. An insulating product according to claim 5, characterized in that: 7. Characterized by being uncured and packaged in moisture-proof and gas-proof packaging, An insulating product according to any of claims 1 to 6. 8. The product is formed of mineral fibers treated with a binder, especially for pipe insulation. A method of manufacturing an insulating product, the method comprising: Materials in which the binder is primarily water glass and form hydrated bonds with water glass, as desired. Preferably, it consists of slag, and water glass and the above materials are mixed in water to form a suspension. the suspension is stirred before being applied onto the fibers, and Curing of the binder occurs immediately or at the desired time at normal or elevated external temperatures. A method characterized by being carried out at a certain degree. 9. To further cure, modify, dust bind, and/or render the product hydrophobic additives are applied as a separate solution onto the mineral fiber wool, or this characterized by being mixed into the binder solution immediately before being applied onto the fiber wool. A method according to claim 8. 10. Binders and possible additives are added during preparation immediately after fiber formation and/or or later applied over the mineral fiber wool. Method according to 9. 11. A mineral fiber weighing sheet provided with a binder is placed at room temperature, e.g. on a metal sheet. or at elevated temperatures, e.g. in a curing chamber, and then Claim 8, characterized in that it is cut into desired products such as insulating sheets. A method according to any one of 10 to 10. 12. A wound sheet of mineral fibers equipped with a binder is formed into a tubular-like product. and the product is cured in a mold. method. 13. A mineral fiber web sheet provided with a binder is stored in a non-curing environment. and curing in situ at the desired time after the product has been applied to the insulation object. 11. A method according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that .