JPH044817A - Method for approach grafting - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To readily carry out approach grafting of vegetable seedlings, etc., according to mechanization by bending hypocotyls and installing a scion and a stock sideways in a seedling holder, forming notches in the hypocotyls, successively leading the stock and the scion with opened cut ends to a place for grafting and meshing the cut ends. CONSTITUTION:A scion 2 and a stock for grafting are directed sideways and hypocotyls thereof are respectively bent and installed on each seedling holder 4 provided on the outer edges of rotating disks 3. Notches are formed in the hypocotyls with cutters 11 and 12 and the stock 1 having the cut end opened with bending of the hypocotyl is led to a place for initially carrying out grafting and the scion 2 having the similarly opened cut end of the hypocotyl is led to the aforementioned place so as to arrange the hypocotyls side by side. Mutual cut ends are meshed and the meshed parts are nipped with a grafting clip 13, taken out and placed in a pot. Compost is then filled to carry out approach grafting.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a mechanizable call-grafting method among the grafting methods for vegetable seedlings and petal seedlings.

(Traditional techniques!) Grafting of young seedlings has been widely used in the cultivation of fruits and vegetables to eliminate soil-borne diseases and improve ecological characteristics. Efforts are being made to improve elongation at low temperatures.Watermelons are grafted using Yugao and Nihon Kapocha as rootstocks.The penetration rate of these grafts is over 95% for watermelons, and 80% for watermelons grown in greenhouses. It is said to be over 40% for greenhouse melons and over 95% for eggplant cultivation in greenhouses.

The grafting methods include hiratsugi, satsugi, m-gi, and kimonogi, all of which are performed manually.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Conventionally, grafting has been performed manually and requires skill, which has sometimes been an obstacle to processing in large quantities. Additionally, as farmers got older, grafting, which required detailed work, caused visual fatigue, making it difficult to continue working for long periods of time.

Mechanization of the grafting process may be considered as a way to solve this problem, but it is not yet widely used.

One of the reasons for this is that the price of grafted seedlings needs to be kept low and it is not possible to spend a large amount of money on mechanized equipment. For example, one of the necessary technologies for automating the grafting process is There is position detection of seedlings to match and join the scion stems.

This position detection may be technically possible using electronic sensors, but in reality, because the unit cost of grafted seedlings is low, there is no room for grafting equipment to use electronic sensors, so we need to develop an inexpensive and effective method. is awaited.

Recently, the Biological Industrial Technology Research Promotion Organization has adopted single-leaf cutting grafting as a mechanical grafting method, and a grafting machine using this method has been developed. Kofu Suzuki: Grafting Automation,
Agriculture and Horticulture, Vol. 65, No. 1, pp. 123-130). In this method, one cotyledon of the rootstock is grown, α is cut off, and the cotyledon side of the scion, which has been cut diagonally from the hypocotyl, is grafted onto it. As shown in the figure.

FIG. 6(A) shows single-leaf cutting splicing, and FIG. 6(B) shows conventional splicing.

Single-leaf cutting and grafting is an excellent method for mechanization, but some growers still wish to mechanize the traditional method of call grafting. This is because the number of grafted cucumbers accounts for almost 50% of all vegetable grafts, and the call grafting method is the most popular method of grafting cucumbers. In the call grafting method, a diagonal cut is made in the hypocotyl of the rootstock and scion, and they are interlocked with each other and held together with grafting clips. Immediately after grafting, the rootstock and scion each leave their roots and are The hypocotyl of the rootstock is cut approximately one week after the joints have healed, and the acclimatization of the grafted root is easier than with other methods of cutting the hypocotyl, and the survival rate of the grafted root is also lower. It has the advantage of

The key to success in the call grafting method is the engagement of the cut ends of the rootstock and scion. The diameter of a scion cucumber is approximately 2
mm, the diameter of the hypocotyl of the rootstock Kapocha is about 4! I! 1, it is a process that requires skill even by hand, making it difficult to mechanize. For these reasons, mechanization of the call splicing method has not yet been put into practical use.

The present invention provides a mechanizable calling method.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention involves placing scion and rootstock for grafting in a conventional orientation and bending the hypocotyl in a seedling holder, making a cut in the hypocotyl,
The rootstock with an open cut end due to the bending of the hypocotyl is first guided to the grafting location, and then the scion, which also has an open cut end of the hypocotyl, is guided to that location so that the hypocotyls are parallel to each other, or the cut ends of each other are aligned. This is a method of joining together.

(effect) The operation of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an outline of the present invention. A rootstock 1 and a scion 2 for grafting are each fixed to a seedling holder 4 provided on the outer edge of a rotary disk 3 by bending their hypocotyls.

The hypocotyls of scion 2 and rootstock 1 are bent, so if you make a diagonal cut in the hypocotyl with a razor blade, the cut will open.6 For rootstock 1, cut from the leaf toward the base. , the rootstock 1 with the cut end facing toward the leaves is guided to the narrowest part of two rotary disks 3 installed side by side.

Next, cut the hypocotyl of scion 2 from the root toward the leaves, and guide the scion 2 with the cut end in the direction of the roots to the same location, and the cut end of rootstock 1 and the cut end of scion 2 form a shape that interlocks with each other. Grafting the interlocking parts with grafting clips, removing them, placing them in a pot and filling with soil, the grafting process is complete.

(Example) A plan view of an example is shown in FIG. Rotary discs 3 which form the main body of the irrigation device and rotate in steps of 45 degrees are provided in parallel, and holders 6 are provided on the outer edge of the rotary discs 3 at intervals of 45 degrees. Grafting work can also be done by inserting seedlings into the seedling holder 4 shown in Figure 1, but in actual work, the slowness of the insertion work becomes a bottleneck process, limiting the efficiency of the entire grafting work. Put it away. In order to solve this problem, we inserted the seedling for -degree grafting into the seedling Holgou 5 in parallel, and then the seedling Holgoo 5 into which the seedling was inserted.
I decided to put it in the Holgu holding soldier 6 attached to the turntable 3. This makes it possible to perform the bottleneck process of attaching seedlings to the seedling holder in multiple steps, and it is also possible to store seedlings with bacteria attached, thereby increasing the efficiency of grafting work.

The seedling holder 5, whose shape is shown in FIG.
That hypocotyl attachment? The bottom of l17 has a hole 8 through which a rod for pushing out the grafted hypocotyl is passed. It also has a space r11 for inserting a clip into the main graft, and a thin plate 9 that supports the back surface of the hypocotyl passing through the space.

#1%2 Explain the grafting process using diagrams. Seedling Holgu 5 with rootstock 1 attached is attached to rotation 113 on the left side of the same figure.
The growing point is removed with a drill 10 at the Bfll position which is attached to the holder holder 14c6 at the l1 position and rotated by 45 degrees, and the hypocotyl is further cut in the direction from the leaf to the root with the cutter 11. Next, wait at the grafting station C 8 Meanwhile, the seedling holder 5 with the scion 2 attached is attached to the holder holder 6 at a certain point, and the hypocotyl is cut in the direction from the root to the leaf at the point E with the cutter 12 . When moving to the grafting and wood cutting station F, the open cut end of the scion 2 is bitten into the open cut end of the rootstock 1. Fig. 4 shows the jammed state.

Furthermore, FIG. 5 shows a portion corresponding to the AA cross section in FIG. 4 in a state where the grafting clip 13 is manually hung on the biting portion. The grafting clip 13 is manually hung by sandwiching the thin plate 9. Next, by climbing up the foot switch and pushing up the operating push plate 14, the clip is pushed up together with the hypocotyl of the rootstock and scion, and the hypocotyl is automatically clamped. At the same time, the entire hypocotyl is moved evenly by pushing up the hypocotyl with a push-up rod that penetrates the hole 8 of the hypocotyl mounting groove 7 of the seedling Holgoo 5 in conjunction with the foot switch. The rest of the process is the same as the traditional method: the grafted tree, which is held between clips, is manually placed in a pot and filled with soil.

In the upper air embodiment, a rotary disk type was described, but other types, such as a chain conveyor, for moving the seedlings are also not outside the scope of the present invention.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention mechanizes the most labor-intensive process in the call grafting method, which is one of the most reliable grafting methods for vegetable seedlings, that is, the cutting and interlocking of scions and rootstocks. This makes it possible to reduce the burden of grafting work, and even non-experts can perform grafting work by call grafting, which has commercial reliability. Furthermore, by mechanizing grafting work, the proportion of labor costs in grafting costs will be relatively reduced, making it possible to expand the range of crops that can be grafted.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an overview of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a view showing the shape of a graft holder.
Figure 4 is a diagram showing the state in which the hypocotyl is bitten, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the clip is hung on the biting part, MS6
The figure is a diagram showing one-leaf cutting and grafting and nominal laying. 1... Rootstock, 2... Scion, 3... Turning board, 4...
- Seedling holder, 5... Seedling holder, 6... Holder holding, 7... Hypocotyl mounting groove, 8... Hole, 9... Thin plate, 10... Growing point removal drill, 11 .12... Cutter 13... Grafting clip, 14... Push board. Agent: Patent attorney Masamitsu Akizawa and 1 other person': A'1 Figure 6 (A) (B)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Place the scion and rootstock for grafting horizontally and bend the hypocotyl, place it in a seedling holder, make a notch in the hypocotyl, and graft the rootstock with the cut end opened by bending the hypocotyl first. Next, the scion with the hypocotyl cut open is guided to the location so that the hypocotyls are lined up in parallel, and the cut ends are interlocked.