JPH0447098B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0447098B2 JPH0447098B2 JP2256844A JP25684490A JPH0447098B2 JP H0447098 B2 JPH0447098 B2 JP H0447098B2 JP 2256844 A JP2256844 A JP 2256844A JP 25684490 A JP25684490 A JP 25684490A JP H0447098 B2 JPH0447098 B2 JP H0447098B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- quick
- cement
- setting
- air
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 Calcium aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、セメントを結合材とする急結性吹付
材の吹付方法、さらに詳しくは、セメント急結材
を粉末状で添加する急結性吹付材の取付方法に関
するものである。
〔従来の技術及びその問題点〕
従来より、吹付工事には、材料のリバウンド防
止、肌落ち防止、短時間強度の発現を主たる目的
として、セメント急結材を配合した急結性取付材
が用いられている。
吹付法の一つとしては、吹付機にセメント、
砂、砂利の空練り混合物をベルトコンベアにて供
給する一方、別のベルトコンベアからセメント急
結材を供給し、あとは水を加えるだけで急結性吹
付材となるインスタント混合物を混合しながらノ
ズルに向けて圧送し、ノズル先端近くで水と合流
させて施工されている。
この方法による吹付工事は、通常、吹付機から
ノズルまでの距離が、数十ｍ、場合によつては、
百ｍをこえて行なわれているのが実情であり、そ
のため、砂、砂利に水分が５％程度以上含まれて
いると、インスタント混合物がその圧送途中で反
応して圧送ホースを詰まらせて施工ができなかつ
たり、急結性の強い材料を十分に使用できないと
いう欠点があつた。
このため、トンネル内壁への吹付工事において
トンネル内に湧水があると工事ができなくなるの
が現状で、止水材の注入工事や水抜きボーリング
を行なう必要があり、この間工期の延長および大
幅な工事費の上昇を余儀なくされていた。さらに
は、セメント急結材の使用量を多く必要とし経済
的でないばかりか、吹付材の長期強度の低下があ
り実用上大きな問題があつた。又、セメント、
砂、砂利にあらかじめ水を加えて混練りしたりモ
ルタルコンクリートを吹付けるいわゆる湿式吹付
工法においては、モルタルコンクリートには水が
混合されているためこれに急結剤を混合すると直
ちに凝結し吹付施工ができないという問題点があ
つた。
〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
本発明者は、これらの問題点を解決するために
種々検討した結果、カルシウムアルミネートを含
有する強力なセメント急結材粉末を空練り混合物
又は湿式混合物の送給圧力よりも0.1〜３気圧高
い圧力で空気圧送し、吹付ノズルから40ｍ以内の
任意の位置で、セメントを含む空練り混合物又は
湿式混合物の流れに対し10〜60度の角度で合流さ
せる際にカルシウムアルミネートを圧送する空気
として脱水空気又はドレンぬきを充分に行なつた
高圧空気を用いればよいことを見い出し、本発明
を完成したものである。セメントの空練り混合物
にカルシウムアルミネートを含有するセメント急
結材粉末を加える場合同時にまたは前後に水を混
合するのは当然である。
すなわち、本発明は、吹付ノズルに向けて送給
されている、必要に応じて骨材を含有するセメン
トの空練り混合物又は湿式混合物に、吹付ノズル
先端より40ｍ以内の任意の位置でセメント空練り
混合物又は湿式混合物の送給圧力より0.1〜３気
圧高い圧力で定量的に空気圧送されてくるカルシ
ウムアルミネートを含有するセメント急結材粉末
を、セメントを含む空練り混合物又は湿式混合物
の流れに対し10〜60度の角度で混合し、ついで必
要に応じて水を混合し、連続的に急結性吹付材を
調製しながら吹付ノズルから噴射させて急結性吹
付材を吹付ける方法において、カルシウムアルミ
ネートを圧送する空気として脱水空気又はドレン
ぬきを充分に行つた高圧空気を用いることを特徴
とする急結性吹付材の吹付方法である。
以下、本発明方法を詳しく説明する。
本発明方法で使用されるカルシウムアルミネー
トとしては、CaO・Al2O3、12CaO・7Al2O3、
CaO・2Al2O3、3CaO・Al2O3、3CaO・3Al2O3・
CaF2、11CaO・7Al2O3・CaF2及びこれらカルシ
ウムアルミネートの水和物、カルシウムアルミネ
ート水和物の加熱脱水物、カルシウムアルミネー
ト水和物の加熱脱水無定形物など、種々のカルシ
ウムアルミネートを用いることができるが、とく
に、カルシウムアルミネートの熔融物を急冷して
得られる無定形カルシウムアルミネート、中で
も、12CaO・7Al2O3又は11CaO・7Al2O3・CaF2
の組成もしくはこれに近似した組成を有する無定
形カルシウムアルミネートは、急結性が強いので
好ましい。なお、これらカルシウムアルミネート
に、炭酸ソーダ、アルミン酸ソーダ、硫酸ソー
ダ、ミヨウバン石、焼成ミヨウバン石、半水石こ
う、セピオライト等天然鉱物、カルシウムサルフ
オアルミネートを併用することも可能である。と
くに、無定形カルシウムアルミネートと炭酸ソー
ダなどのアルカリ炭酸塩の併用は好ましい。
セメント急結材の粉末度は、プレーン値で3000
cm2／ｇ程度以上、好ましくは、4500〜7000cm2／ｇ
とするのが、反応性と経済性の点で好ましい。
本発明では、前記した従来の問題点を解消する
ために、カルシウムアルミネートを含有するセメ
ント急結材を特定の条件下に、脱水空気又はドレ
ンぬきを十分に行つた高圧空気を用いて空気圧送
し、混合するところに主たる特徴を有するもので
あるが、これの圧送中に配合材料が比重差、粒度
差により分離し、セメントの急結反応がバラツク
ことがあるので、これを解決するには、急結材中
の成分の比重差が0.1増加するごとに、セメント
急結材の粉末度を200〜300cm2／ｇの割合で微粉砕
すればよい。
セメント急結材の空気圧送機については、通常
使用されている定量圧送が可能なものであればよ
く、乾式吹付機や粉末吹付機の別なく使用でき
る。その圧送条件は、種々検討を加えた結果、セ
メントを含む空練り混合物、又は湿式混合物の送
給圧力よりも0.1〜３気圧高くして圧送合流させ
るのがよいことを見いだした。とくに、この条件
は後者の湿式混合部とセメント急結材とを合流さ
せる際に好適となり、セメント急結材粉末の圧送
圧力が前記空練り混合物又は湿式混合物の送給圧
力よりも低いとセメントや骨材が急結材圧送管へ
逆流してセメントや骨材中の水分によりカルシウ
ムアルミネートが固化するので詰りやすくなる。
セメント急結材の圧送用ホースの径としては、
10〜50mm程度、とくに20〜30mm程度が好ましい。
圧送用ホース径があまりにも太すぎると流速が遅
くなつて詰りやすくなるし、またセメント急結材
の分離が起りやすくなる。一方、ホース径があま
りにも細すぎると、圧力損失が大きくなつて好ま
しくない。
空気が多量の水分を含有していると、本発明で
用いるカルシウムアルミネートは、セメントに対
し急硬性を付与すると共にそれ自身水に接触する
と急硬性を有する物質がある故に、セメント急結
材がホース内で詰つたり、硬化したりすることが
ある。従つて、セメント急結材を圧送する空気と
しては、脱水空気を用いる必要がある。特に空気
を圧縮する場合、空気中の湿分が結露するので、
十分にドレーンぬきする必要がある。セメント急
結材粉末と前記空練り混合物又は湿式混合物との
合流には、Ｙ字管を使用するのが望ましい。Ｙ字
管の角度は10〜60度好ましくは20〜45度とするの
が詰り防止と空練り混合物又は湿式混合物との混
合性向上の点で好ましい。また、Ｙ字管の断面積
は圧送量に比例させておくと逆流を防止できる。
Ｙ字管の取付け位置は、吹付ノズル先端よりも
40ｍ以内の任意の位置、好ましくは５〜20ｍに設
置するのが、混合性と詰り防止の点でよい。吹付
ノズル先端よりも40ｍをこえた位置にＹ字管を設
置したのでは、急結性吹付材が骨材中の水分と反
応して詰りやすくなり、また１ｍ程度よりも著し
く吹付ノズルに近接した位置であつては、セメン
ト急結材の混合性が悪くなる。
本発明で送給される空練り混合物又は湿式混合
物は、例えば、リグニンスルホン酸塩、β−ナフ
タレンスルホン酸塩ホルマリン縮合物、スルホン
化メラミンなどを主成分とするセメント減水剤等
が添加されたものであつてもよい。
このような本発明方法を採用することによつ
て、吹付材のホースでの詰りがなくなり、前記し
た従来法の問題を解消できる。
なお、空練り混合物又は湿式混合物を送給する
ための機械やその輸送ホースについては、従来使
用されているものが使用され、送給機械として
は、通常の吹付機や粉体吹付機、輸送ホース径と
しては、10〜100mm程度、その送給圧力は２〜10
Kg／cm2程度である。
又、本発明方法はコンクリート以外の用途にも
使用可能である。例えば耐火物の吹付にも使用可
能である。この場合セメントのかわりにアルミナ
セメント等の耐火物のバインダーが使用できる。
又バインダーが少量の場合はバインダーと急結材
を混合して同時に吹付機で吹付けることができ
る。
以下、参考例及び実施例をあげてさらに詳しく
説明する。
参考例 １
第１表に示すコンクリート配合となるように、
材料を供給し、吹付試験を行なつた。使用材料の
セメントは、商品名「デンカ普通ポルトランドセ
メント」、砂及び砂利は姫川産、セメント急結材
として、カルシウムアルミネートの無定形物を主
材とし、その粉末度がプレーン値4500cm2／ｇ程度
である商品名「デンカナトミツクＴ−５」（電気
化学工業(株)）を用いた。
試験は、砂の表面水を、３％、５％、７％及び
９％と変化させて、それぞれ５m3吹付けた。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for spraying a quick-setting spray material using cement as a binder, and more particularly, to a method for installing a quick-setting spray material to which a cement quick-setting material is added in powder form. It is. [Conventional technology and its problems] Conventionally, quick-setting fixing materials containing quick-setting cement materials have been used in spraying work, with the main purposes of preventing material rebound, preventing peeling, and developing strength in a short period of time. It is being One of the spraying methods is to use a spraying machine with cement,
A dry mixture of sand and gravel is supplied by a belt conveyor, while a cement quick-setting agent is supplied from another belt conveyor, and the instant mixture, which can be made into a quick-setting spray material by simply adding water, is mixed and transferred to the nozzle. The construction is carried out by pumping it towards the water and merging it with water near the tip of the nozzle. In spraying work using this method, the distance from the spraying machine to the nozzle is usually several tens of meters, and in some cases,
The reality is that the process is carried out over 100 meters, so if the sand or gravel contains more than 5% water, the instant mixture will react during the pumping process, clogging the pumping hose and causing problems during construction. However, there were disadvantages in that it was not possible to use a material with strong rapid setting properties. For this reason, the current situation is that spraying work on the inner walls of tunnels cannot be carried out if there is spring water in the tunnel, and it is necessary to inject water-stopping material and perform drainage boring, which will extend the construction period and significantly Construction costs were forced to rise. Furthermore, it requires a large amount of cement quick-setting material, which is not only uneconomical, but also causes a decrease in the long-term strength of the sprayed material, which poses a serious problem in practice. Also, cement,
In the so-called wet spraying method, which involves adding water to sand or gravel in advance and kneading it, or spraying mortar concrete, the mortar concrete contains water, so when a quick-setting agent is mixed with it, it sets immediately and spraying is impossible. There was a problem that I couldn't do it. [Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of various studies to solve these problems, the present inventor has determined that a strong cement quick-setting agent powder containing calcium aluminate can be mixed into a dry mix or a wet mix. When pneumatically feeding at a pressure 0.1 to 3 atmospheres higher than the feeding pressure and merging at an angle of 10 to 60 degrees with the flow of air-mixed mixture or wet mixture containing cement at any position within 40 m from the spray nozzle. The present invention has been completed based on the discovery that dehydrated air or high-pressure air that has been sufficiently drained can be used as the air for pumping calcium aluminate. Naturally, when adding the cement quick setting agent powder containing calcium aluminate to the dry mix of cement, water is mixed at the same time or before or after the addition. That is, the present invention is capable of dry-mixing cement at any position within 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle into a dry mix or wet mixture of cement containing aggregate as required, which is being fed toward the spray nozzle. The cement quick setting agent powder containing calcium aluminate, which is quantitatively pneumatically fed at a pressure 0.1 to 3 atmospheres higher than the feeding pressure of the mixture or wet mixture, is applied to the flow of the dry mixture or wet mixture containing cement. In this method, calcium is mixed at an angle of 10 to 60 degrees, then mixed with water as necessary, and sprayed from a spray nozzle while continuously preparing a quick-setting spray material. This is a method for spraying a quick-setting spray material, characterized in that dehydrated air or high-pressure air that has been sufficiently drained is used as the air for pumping aluminate. The method of the present invention will be explained in detail below. Calcium aluminates used in the method of the present invention include CaO.Al 2 O 3 , 12CaO.7Al 2 O 3 ,
CaO・2Al 2 O 3 , 3CaO・Al 2 O 3 , 3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・
Various types of calcium such as CaF 2 , 11CaO・7Al 2 O 3・CaF 2 and hydrates of these calcium aluminates, heat-dehydrated calcium aluminate hydrates, heat-dehydrated amorphous calcium aluminate hydrates, etc. Aluminates can be used, in particular amorphous calcium aluminates obtained by rapidly cooling a melt of calcium aluminate, especially 12CaO.7Al 2 O 3 or 11CaO.7Al 2 O 3.CaF 2
An amorphous calcium aluminate having a composition of or a composition similar to this is preferable because it has a strong rapid setting property. In addition, natural minerals such as soda carbonate, sodium aluminate, sodium sulfate, alumite, calcined alumite, hemihydrate gypsum, and sepiolite, and calcium sulfoaluminate can also be used in combination with these calcium aluminates. In particular, the combined use of amorphous calcium aluminate and an alkali carbonate such as soda carbonate is preferred. The powder level of cement quick-setting material is 3000 in plain value.
About cm 2 /g or more, preferably 4500 to 7000 cm 2 /g
This is preferable in terms of reactivity and economy. In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, in the present invention, a cement quick setting material containing calcium aluminate is pneumatically delivered under specific conditions using dehydrated air or high-pressure air that has been sufficiently drained. However, the main feature is that it is mixed, but during pumping, the blended materials may separate due to differences in specific gravity and particle size, and the rapid setting reaction of cement may vary. For every 0.1 increase in the specific gravity difference between the components in the quick-setting material, the cement quick-setting material may be finely pulverized at a rate of 200 to 300 cm 2 /g. As for the pneumatic feeder for the quick-setting cement material, any commonly used pneumatic feeder that can feed a fixed amount under pressure may be used, and it can be used regardless of whether it is a dry sprayer or a powder sprayer. As a result of various studies, it has been found that the pumping conditions are preferably 0.1 to 3 atmospheres higher than the feeding pressure of the air-kneaded mixture or wet mixture containing cement. In particular, this condition is suitable when the latter wet mixing section and the cement quick-setting material are combined, and if the feeding pressure of the cement quick-setting material powder is lower than the feeding pressure of the air-kneaded mixture or the wet mixture, the cement or Aggregate flows back into the quick-setting material pressure feed pipe and the moisture in the cement and aggregate solidifies the calcium aluminate, making it more likely to become clogged. The diameter of the hose for pressure-feeding cement quick-setting material is as follows:
It is preferably about 10 to 50 mm, particularly about 20 to 30 mm.
If the diameter of the pressure feeding hose is too large, the flow rate will be slow and clogging will occur easily, and the quick-setting cement material will likely separate. On the other hand, if the hose diameter is too small, the pressure loss will increase, which is undesirable. When the air contains a large amount of moisture, the calcium aluminate used in the present invention is a substance that imparts rapid hardening to cement and has rapid hardening properties when it comes into contact with water. It may become clogged or harden inside the hose. Therefore, it is necessary to use dehydrated air as the air for pumping the cement quick setting material. Especially when compressing air, moisture in the air condenses,
It is necessary to remove the drain thoroughly. It is desirable to use a Y-shaped pipe to join the cement quick setting agent powder and the dry mix or wet mix. The angle of the Y-shaped tube is preferably 10 to 60 degrees, preferably 20 to 45 degrees, from the viewpoint of preventing clogging and improving the mixability with the air-kneaded mixture or wet mixture. Further, backflow can be prevented by making the cross-sectional area of the Y-shaped pipe proportional to the pumping amount. The installation position of the Y-tube is closer to the tip of the spray nozzle.
It is best to install it at any position within 40 m, preferably from 5 to 20 m, in terms of mixing performance and prevention of clogging. If the Y-shaped pipe is installed at a position more than 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle, the quick-setting spray material will react with the moisture in the aggregate and become easily clogged, and if the Y-shaped pipe is installed more than 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle, it will easily become clogged. In such a position, the mixing properties of the cement quick-setting agent will be poor. The air-kneaded mixture or wet mixture supplied in the present invention is, for example, one to which a cement water reducing agent containing lignin sulfonate, β-naphthalene sulfonate formalin condensate, sulfonated melamine, etc. as a main component is added. It may be. By employing the method of the present invention, clogging of the spray material hose can be eliminated, and the problems of the conventional method described above can be solved. The machines and transportation hoses used for feeding the dry-kneaded mixture or wet mixture are those that are conventionally used. The diameter is about 10 to 100 mm, and the feeding pressure is 2 to 10 mm.
It is about Kg/ cm2 . Furthermore, the method of the present invention can be used for applications other than concrete. For example, it can also be used for spraying refractories. In this case, a refractory binder such as alumina cement can be used instead of cement.
If the amount of binder is small, the binder and quick-setting agent can be mixed and sprayed at the same time using a spray machine. Hereinafter, a more detailed explanation will be given with reference examples and examples. Reference example 1 The concrete composition shown in Table 1 is as follows:
Materials were supplied and a spray test was conducted. The cement used is the trade name ``Denka Ordinary Portland Cement'', the sand and gravel are from Himekawa, and the cement quick-setting material is mainly amorphous calcium aluminate, with a plain value of 4500cm 2 /g in powderiness. The product name "Denka Tomikku T-5" (Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), which is a standard product, was used. In the test, the surface water of the sand was varied to 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%, and 5 m 3 of each was sprayed.
【表】
吹付方法は、吹付材料としてのセメント、砂、
砂利の空練り混合物を吹付機（アリバー(株)製アリ
バー400）で、その送給条件を、ホース内径50mm、
ホース長さ100ｍ、空気圧６Kg／cm2、空気量５
m3／分として吹付ノズルに向けて送給すると共
に、吹付ノズル先端より10ｍ手前に吹付材料の流
れ方向とセメント急結材の流れ方向との角度が45
度のＹ字管を設置し、そこでセメント急結材粉末
と合流させたのち、さらに水と合流させて吹付け
た。
セメント急結材粉末の圧送合流には、空気圧送
方式の「ブロマート」（技術資源開発(株)製）を用
い、その圧送条件は、ホース内径30mm、ホース長
さ100ｍ、空気圧７Kg／cm2にして、圧送し、前記
空練り混合物と合流させた。
比較のため、従来法として、前記空練り混合物
を「アリバー400」にベルトコンベアーにより供
給すると共に、そのベルトコンベアー上にセメン
ト急結材を自動散布する方法により供給し、この
インスタント混合物を「アリバー400」を用いて
前記条件で取付ノズルに向けて圧送すると共に、
取付ノズル先端付近で水を合流配合して吹付け
た。
その結果、従来法では、表面水が５％までは問
題なく施工できたが、表面水が７％、９％の砂を
用いたときには、ホースが詰まり圧送することが
できなかつた。これに対し、本発明方法において
は、詰りがなく施工でき、トンネル内の湧水（２
トン／分）に対しても問題なく施工できた。
また、本発明方法では、砂の表面水の多いもの
程、リバウンド量とセメントの粉塵発生が少なか
つた。そのリバウンド量の測定結果を第２表に示
す。[Table] The spraying method uses cement, sand,
A dry mixed gravel mixture was fed using a spraying machine (Aribar 400 manufactured by Alibar Co., Ltd.) under the following conditions: a hose with an inner diameter of 50 mm;
Hose length 100m, air pressure 6Kg/ cm2 , air volume 5
m 3 /min toward the spray nozzle, and 10 m before the tip of the spray nozzle at an angle of 45 m between the flow direction of the spray material and the flow direction of the cement quick-setting material.
A Y-shaped pipe was installed, where it was mixed with cement quick-setting agent powder, and then mixed with water and sprayed. For the pressure-feeding and merging of the cement quick-setting powder, an air-feeding system called "Blomato" (manufactured by Gijutsu Shizuhin Kaihatsu Co., Ltd.) was used, and the pressure-feeding conditions were: a hose inner diameter of 30 mm, a hose length of 100 m, and an air pressure of 7 kg/ cm2. The mixture was then pumped and combined with the dry kneaded mixture. For comparison, as a conventional method, the dry kneaded mixture was supplied to "Alivar 400" by a belt conveyor, and a cement quick setting agent was automatically spread on the belt conveyor. '' under the conditions described above, and
Water was mixed and sprayed near the tip of the attached nozzle. As a result, with the conventional method, sand with a surface water content of up to 5% could be applied without any problem, but when sand with a surface water content of 7% or 9% was used, the hose was clogged and the sand could not be pumped under pressure. In contrast, with the method of the present invention, construction can be performed without clogging, and spring water (2
It was possible to carry out the work without any problems even at high speeds (tons/minute). Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, the more surface water the sand had, the lower the amount of rebound and the generation of cement dust. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the rebound amount.
【表】
参考例 ２
参考例１と同様の方法において、セメント急結
材粉末の合流位置にもとづく吹付材の急結性状を
みるため、取付ノズル先端より0.5、１、３、５、
10、15、20、40、50、60ｍのそれぞれの位置にＹ
字管を設置し、表面水７％の砂を使用して、それ
ぞれ３m3吹付けた。
その結果、0.5ｍの位置にＹ字管を設置したも
のは、充分に混合されずに急結性状にバラツキが
生じたが、１〜40ｍに設置したものは急結性状に
バラツキがなく施工でき、とくに５〜20ｍに設置
したものでは、すぐれた急結性状を示した。
50ｍ以遠に設置したものは、ホースに詰りが起
り、圧送空気量を増やしてみても圧送することが
困難であつた。又、１ｍ以内での混合を良くする
ためにパイプにねじりを入れたり、管内に混合機
（例えばラインミキサー）を入れたり、吹込み口
を二ケ所以上としたり、これら手段を組合せたり
することにより急結材の吹込み口をノズル先端か
ら10cm程度まで短縮できた。
参考例 ３
参考例１において、「ブロマート」のかわりに
「アリバー400」を用いて吹付けた。セメント急結
材粉末と空練り混合物の圧送条件を共に６Kg／cm2
にして吹付けたところ、５m3の施工量でＹ字管に
詰りが生じたが、直ちに、セメント急結材粉末の
圧送条件を７Kg／cm2にしたところ、その詰りを解
除することができた。
又、急結材とセメント混合物の圧送圧力を変化
させて各１m3の吹付試験を行つた。その結果を第
３表に示す。[Table] Reference Example 2 In the same method as Reference Example 1, in order to check the rapid setting properties of the sprayed material based on the joining position of the cement quick setting powder, 0.5, 1, 3, 5,
Y at each position of 10, 15, 20, 40, 50, 60m
A double tube was installed and 3 m 3 of each sand was sprayed using sand with a surface water content of 7%. As a result, when the Y-tube was installed at a 0.5 m position, the quick setting properties varied due to insufficient mixing, but when installed at 1 to 40 m, there was no variation in the quick setting properties and construction was possible. , especially those installed at a distance of 5 to 20 meters showed excellent rapid setting properties. For those installed at a distance of 50 meters or more, the hose would become clogged, making it difficult to pump air even if the amount of pumped air was increased. In addition, to improve mixing within 1 m, twisting the pipe, installing a mixer (for example, a line mixer) in the pipe, installing two or more air inlets, or a combination of these methods can be used. The injection port for quick-setting material could be shortened to about 10cm from the nozzle tip. Reference Example 3 In Reference Example 1, "Alivar 400" was used instead of "Bromato" for spraying. Both the pumping conditions for the cement quick setting agent powder and the dry mixing mixture were 6Kg/ cm2.
When the spraying was carried out, the Y-shaped pipe became clogged after 5m3 of work was done, but when the conditions for pumping the cement quick-setting powder to 7Kg/ cm2 were immediately applied, the clog was cleared. Ta. In addition, a spraying test of 1 m 3 of the quick-setting material and cement mixture was carried out by varying the pumping pressure. The results are shown in Table 3.
【表】
急結材の圧送圧力がセメント混合物の圧送圧力
と同等以下では急結材側のホース及びセメント混
合物側の両ホースの混合部につまりが生じ、急結
材の圧送圧力が11Kg／cm2ではセメント混合物のホ
ースの混合部より圧送機側につまりが生じた。こ
の結果より急結材の圧送圧力はセメント混合物の
圧送圧力よりも0.1〜３Kg／cm2高い場合につまり
がなく好ましいことがわかる。
又、急結材の吹付角度を変化させて、つまりや
混合性を試験した。結果を第４表に示す。[Table] If the pumping pressure of the quick-setting material is equal to or lower than the pumping pressure of the cement mixture, clogging will occur in the mixing section of both the hose on the quick-setting material side and the hose on the cement mixture side, and the pumping pressure of the quick-setting material will be 11 kg/cm. In No. 2 , a blockage occurred on the side of the pumping machine from the mixing section of the cement mixture hose. These results show that it is preferable that the pressure of the quick-setting material is 0.1 to 3 kg/cm 2 higher than the pressure of the cement mixture to prevent clogging. In addition, clogging and mixing properties were tested by varying the spraying angle of the quick-setting material. The results are shown in Table 4.
本発明においては、急結性に優れると共に、そ
れ自体水分に触れることにより硬化する性質を有
するカルシウムアルミネートを含有する急結材粉
末を用いてセメントを吹付する方法において、吹
付ノズル先端より40ｍ以内の位置で、空練り混合
物又は湿式混合物の送給圧力よりも0.1〜３気圧
高い圧力で急結剤粉末を、空練り混合物又は湿式
混合物の流れに対し10〜60度の角度で混合し且つ
急結材を圧送する空気として脱水空気又はドレン
抜きを充分に行なつた高圧空気を用いることによ
り、目づまりを起こすことなく、セメント材料と
の混合性もよくかつ急結材の定量性も問題なく確
保できるという優れた効果を奏するものである。
In the present invention, in a method of spraying cement using a quick-setting material powder containing calcium aluminate, which has excellent quick-setting properties and has the property of hardening itself when exposed to moisture, within 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle. At the position of By using dehydrated air or high-pressure air that has been sufficiently drained as the air to pump the binding material, it does not cause clogging, has good mixability with cement materials, and ensures the quantitative ability of the quick-setting material without any problems. This has excellent effects.
Claims (1)
応じ骨材を含有するセメントの空練り混合物又は
湿式混合物に、吹付ノズル先端より40ｍ以内の任
意の位置で、空練り混合物又は湿式混合物の送給
圧力よりも0.1〜３気圧高い圧力で定量的に空気
圧送されてくるカルシウムアルミネートを含有す
るセメント急結材粉末を、空練り混合物又は湿式
混合物の流れに対し10〜60度の角度で混合し、つ
いで必要に応じて水を混合して、連続的に急結性
吹付材を調製しながら吹付ノズルから噴射させて
急結性吹付材を吹付する方法において、カルシウ
ムアルミネートを圧送する空気として脱水空気又
はドレンぬきを充分に行なつた高圧空気を用いる
ことを特徴とする急結性吹付材の吹付方法。1. At any position within 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle, feed the dry mix or wet mixture of cement containing aggregate if necessary, which is being fed towards the spray nozzle. Cement quick setting agent powder containing calcium aluminate, which is quantitatively pneumatically fed at a pressure 0.1 to 3 atmospheres higher than the supply pressure, is mixed at an angle of 10 to 60 degrees with respect to the flow of the dry mix or wet mix. Then, in the method of spraying the quick-setting spray material by continuously preparing the quick-setting spray material by mixing water as necessary, and spraying the quick-setting spray material from a spray nozzle, the calcium aluminate is used as the air to be pumped. A method for spraying quick-setting spray materials, characterized by using dehydrated air or high-pressure air that has been sufficiently drained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25684490A JPH03176565A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Spraying method for quick setting spray material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25684490A JPH03176565A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Spraying method for quick setting spray material |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56009409A Division JPS57122972A (en) | 1981-01-24 | 1981-01-24 | Spraying method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03176565A JPH03176565A (en) | 1991-07-31 |
| JPH0447098B2 true JPH0447098B2 (en) | 1992-08-03 |
Family
ID=17298202
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25684490A Granted JPH03176565A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Spraying method for quick setting spray material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03176565A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4144975B2 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2008-09-03 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Concrete spraying method |
| JP4837821B2 (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2011-12-14 | 日本基礎技術株式会社 | Pressure-feed spraying device for cement-based kneaded materials |
| JPWO2006106879A1 (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2008-09-11 | Ａｇｃセラミックス株式会社 | Spraying method for irregular refractories |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4046357A (en) * | 1976-12-03 | 1977-09-06 | Construction Systems & Equipment, Inc. | Shotcrete accelerator injection apparatus and method |
| JPS543836A (en) * | 1977-06-10 | 1979-01-12 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Dryyspray process |
-
1990
- 1990-09-28 JP JP25684490A patent/JPH03176565A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4046357A (en) * | 1976-12-03 | 1977-09-06 | Construction Systems & Equipment, Inc. | Shotcrete accelerator injection apparatus and method |
| JPS543836A (en) * | 1977-06-10 | 1979-01-12 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Dryyspray process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03176565A (en) | 1991-07-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5687950B2 (en) | Shotcrete production apparatus and method | |
| JPH10317671A (en) | Spraying concrete and spraying system | |
| TWI241996B (en) | Spray method for monolithic refractories | |
| JPH10265257A (en) | Refractory coating composition for wet spraying | |
| JPH0553743B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0447098B2 (en) | ||
| JP2000233954A (en) | Spraying material and spray process using the same | |
| JP2001233660A (en) | Dry cement concrete, spray material and spraying method using the same | |
| JPH0141796B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0437222B2 (en) | ||
| JP2010007230A (en) | Sprayed concrete manufacturing equipment, sprayed concrete spraying method and sprayed concrete manufacturing method, using the same | |
| JPH0573708B2 (en) | ||
| JP3850193B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of cement concrete and spraying method using the same | |
| US5681386A (en) | Method for blending of admixtures in a sprayed concrete mass and agent for application of the method | |
| JP4306064B2 (en) | Rebound reducing agent, cement concrete, method for producing cement concrete, and spraying method using the same | |
| JP2000086319A (en) | Quick-setting spraying cement concrete and spraying method using the same | |
| JPH0724815A (en) | Spraying of cement | |
| JP2001206753A (en) | Cement mixing agent, cement-containing concrete, method for manufacturing the concrete and construction method for spraying the concrete | |
| JP3438850B2 (en) | Spraying method | |
| JP2003252665A (en) | Powdery quick setting agent for shotcrete and method for working shotcrete using it | |
| JP2003292355A (en) | Quick setting agent for shotcrete, production method therefor, and method for application of the shotcrete | |
| JP3883348B2 (en) | Cement admixture, cement concrete, method for producing cement concrete, and spraying method using the same | |
| JP3478451B2 (en) | Spraying material and spraying method using it | |
| JP2000302503A (en) | Quick-setting agent, quick setting agent slurry, spraying material and spraying construction method using the same | |
| JPH0352419B2 (en) |