JPH0141796B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0141796B2 JPH0141796B2 JP56009409A JP940981A JPH0141796B2 JP H0141796 B2 JPH0141796 B2 JP H0141796B2 JP 56009409 A JP56009409 A JP 56009409A JP 940981 A JP940981 A JP 940981A JP H0141796 B2 JPH0141796 B2 JP H0141796B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cement
- quick
- setting
- spraying
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 11
- -1 Calcium aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、セメントを結合材とする急結性吹付
材の吹付方法、さらに詳しくは、セメント急結材
を粉末状で添加する急結性吹付材の吹付方法に関
するものである。
〔従来の技術及びその問題点〕
従来より、吹付工事には、材料のリバウンド防
止、肌落ち防止、短時間強度の発現を主たる目的
として、セメント急結材を配合した急結性吹付材
が用いられている。
一般に、その吹付法は、吹付機にセメント、
砂、砂利の空練り混合物をベルトコンベアにて供
給する一方、別のベルトコンベアからセメント急
結材を供給し、あとは水を加えるだけで急結性吹
付材となるインスタント混合物を混合しながらノ
ズルに向けて圧送し、ノズル先端近くで水と合流
させて施工されている。
吹付工事は、通常、吹付機からノズルまでの距
離が、数十ｍ、場合によつては、百ｍをこえて行
なわれているのが実情であり、そのため、砂、砂
利に水分が５％程度以上含まれていると、インス
タント混合物がその圧送途中で反応して圧送ホー
スを詰まらせて施工ができなかつたり、急結性の
強い材料を十分に使用できないという欠点があつ
た。
このため、トンネル内壁への吹付工事において
トンネル内に湧水があると工事ができなくなるの
が現状で、止水材の注入工事や水抜きボーリング
を行なう必要があり、この間工期の延長および大
幅な工事費の上昇を余儀なくされていた。さらに
は、セメント急結材の使用量を多く必要とし経済
的でないばかりか、吹付材の長期強度の低下があ
り実用上大きな問題があつた。又、セメント、
砂、砂利にあらかじめ水を加えて混練りしたモル
タルコンクリートを吹付けるいわゆる湿式吹付工
法においては、モルタルコンクリートには水が混
合されているためにこれに急結剤を混合すると直
ちに凝結し吹付施工ができないという問題点があ
つた。
〔発明の構成〕
本発明者は、これらの問題点を解決するために
種々検討した結果、カルシウムアルミネートを含
有するセメント急結材粉末を空練り混合物又は湿
式混合物の送給圧力よりも0.1〜３気圧高い圧力
で空気圧送し、吹付ノズルから40ｍ以内の任意の
位置で、セメントを含む空練り混合物又は湿式混
合物の流れに対し10〜60度の角度で合流させれば
よいことを見い出し、本発明を完成したものであ
る。セメントの空練り混合物にカルシウムアルミ
ネートを含有するセメント急結材粉末を加える場
合同時にまたは前後に水を混合するのは当然であ
る。
すなわち、本発明は、吹付ノズルに向けて送給
されている、必要に応じて骨材を含有するセメン
トの空練り混合物又は湿式混合物に、吹付ノズル
先端より40ｍ以内の任意の位置でセメント空練混
合物又は湿式混合物の送給圧力より0.1〜３気圧
高い圧力で定量的に空気圧送されてくるカルシウ
ムアルミネートを含有するセメント急結材粉末
を、セメントを含む空練り混合物又は湿式混合物
の流れに対し10〜60度の角度で混合し、ついで必
要に応じて水を混合し、連続的に急結性吹付材を
調製しながら吹付ノズルから噴射させることを特
徴とする急結性吹付材の吹付方法である。
以下、本発明方法を詳しく説明する。
本発明法で使用されるカルシウムアルミネート
としては、CaO・Al2O3、12CaO・7Al2O3、
CaO・2Al2O、3CaO3・Al2O3、3CaO・3Al2O3・
CaF2、11CaO・7Al2O3・CaF2及びこれらカルシ
ウムアルミネートの水和物、カルシウムアルミネ
ート水和物の加熱脱水物、カルシウムアルミネー
ト水和物の加熱脱水無定形物など、種々のカルシ
ウムアルミネートを用いることができるが、とく
に、カルシウムアルミネートの溶融物を急冷して
得られる無定形カルシウムアルミネート、中で
も、12CaO・7Al2O3又は11CaO・7Al2O3・CaF2
の組成もしくはこれに近似した組成を有する無定
形カルシウムアルミネートは、急結性が強いので
好ましい。なお、これらカルシウムアルミネート
に、炭酸ソーダ、アルミン酸ソーダ、硫酸ソー
ダ、ミヨウバン石、焼成ミヨウバン石、半水石こ
う、セピオライト等天然鉱物、カルシウムサルフ
オアルミネートを併用することも可能である。と
くに、無定形カルシウムアルミネートと炭酸ソー
ダなどのアルカリ炭酸塩の併用は好ましい。
セメント急結材の粉末度は、プレーン値で3000
cm2／ｇ程度以上、好ましくは、4500〜7000cm2／ｇ
とするのが、反応性と経済性の点で好ましい。
本発明では、前記した従来の問題点を解消する
ために、カルシウムアルミネートを含有するセメ
ント急結材を特定の条件下に空気圧送混合すると
ころに主たる特徴を有するものであるが、これの
圧送中に配合材料が比重差、粒度差により分離
し、セメントの急結反応がバラツクことがあるの
で、これを解決するには、急結材中の成分の比重
差が0.1増加するごとに、セメント急結材の粉末
度を200〜300cm2／ｇの割合で微粉砕すればよい。
セメント急結材の空気圧送機については、通常
使用されている定量圧送が可能なものであればよ
く、乾式吹付機や粉体吹込機の別なく使用でき
る。この圧送条件は、種々検討を加えた結果、セ
メントを含む空練り混合物、又は湿式混合物の送
給圧力よりも0.1〜３気圧高くして圧送合流させ
るのがよいことが見いだした。とくに、この条件
は後者の湿式混合物とセメント急結材とを合流さ
せる際に好適となり、セメント急結材粉末の圧送
圧力が前記空練り混合物又は湿式混合物の送給圧
力よりも低いとセメントや骨材が逆流して詰りや
すくなる。
セメント急結材の圧送用ホースの径としては、
10〜50mm程度、とくに20〜30mm程度が好ましい。
圧送用ホース径があまりにも太すぎると流速が遅
くなつて詰りやすくなるし、またセメント急結材
の分離が起りやすくなる。一方、ホース径があま
りにも細すぎると、圧力損失が大きくなつて好ま
しくない。
セメント急結材の圧送空気は、脱水空気又はド
レーンぬきを充分に行なつた高圧空気の使用が推
奨される。多量の水分を含有していると、セメン
ト急結材がホース内で詰つたり、硬化したりする
ことがある。セメント急結材粉末と前記空練り混
合物又は湿式混合物との合流には、Ｙ字管を使用
するのが望ましい。Ｙ字管の角度は10〜60度好ま
しくは20〜45度とするのが詰り防止と空練り混合
物又は湿式混合物との混合性向上の点で好まし
い。また、Ｙ字管の断面積は圧送量に比例させて
おくと逆流を防止できる。
Ｙ字管の取付け位置は、吹付ノズル先端よりも
40ｍ以内の任意の位置、好ましくは５〜20ｍに設
置するのが、混合性と詰り防止の点でよい。吹付
ノズル先端よりも40ｍをこえた位置にＹ字管を設
置したのでは、急結性吹付材が骨材中の水分と反
応して詰りやすくなり、また１ｍ程度よりも著し
く吹付ノズルに近接した位置であつては、セメン
ト急結材の混合性が悪くなる。
本発明で送給される空練り混合物又は湿式混合
物は、例えば、リグニンスルホン酸塩、β−ナフ
タレンスルホン酸塩ホルマリン縮合物、スルホン
化メラミンなどを主成分とするセメント減水剤等
が添加されたものであつてもよい。
このような本発明法を採用することによつて、
吹付剤のホースでの詰りがなくなり、前記した従
来法の問題を解消できる。
なお、空練り混合物又は湿式混合物を送給する
ための機械やその輸送ホースについては、従来使
用されているものが使用され、送給機械として
は、通常の吹付機や粉体吹込機、輸送ホース径と
しては、10〜100mm程度、その送給圧力は２〜10
Kg／cm2程度である。
又、本発明方法はコンクリート以外の用途にも
使用可能である。例えば耐火物の吹付にも使用可
能である。この場合セメントのかわりにアルミナ
セメント等の耐火物バインダーが使用できる。又
バインダーが少量の場合はバインダーと急結材を
混合して同時に吹付機で吹込むことができる。
以下、実施例をあげてさらに詳しく説明する。
実施例 １
第１表に示すコンクリート配合となるように、
材料を供給し、吹付試験を行なつた。使用材料の
セメントは、商品名「デンカ普通ポルトランドセ
メント」、砂及び砂利は姫川産、セメント急結材
として、カルシウムアルミネートの無定形物を主
材とし、その粉末度がプレーン値4500cm2／ｇ程度
である商品名「デンカナントミツクＴ−５」（電
気化学工業(株)製）を用いた。
試験は、砂の表面水を、３％、５％、７％、及
び９％と変化させて、それぞれ５m3吹付けた。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for spraying a quick-setting spray material using cement as a binder, and more particularly, to a method for spraying a quick-setting spray material in which a cement quick-setting material is added in powder form. It is. [Conventional technology and its problems] Conventionally, quick-setting spraying materials containing cement quick-setting materials have been used for spraying work, with the main purposes of preventing material rebound, preventing skin fall, and developing strength in a short period of time. It is being Generally, the spraying method uses a spraying machine with cement,
A dry mixture of sand and gravel is supplied by a belt conveyor, while a cement quick-setting agent is supplied from another belt conveyor, and the instant mixture, which can be made into a quick-setting spray material by simply adding water, is mixed and transferred to the nozzle. The construction is carried out by pumping it towards the water and merging it with water near the tip of the nozzle. The reality of spraying work is that the distance from the spraying machine to the nozzle is usually several tens of meters, in some cases over 100 meters. If the content exceeds a certain level, the instant mixture reacts during the pumping process, clogging the pumping hose, making it impossible to perform the work, or making it impossible to use materials with strong rapid setting properties. For this reason, the current situation is that spraying work on the inner walls of tunnels cannot be carried out if there is spring water in the tunnel, and it is necessary to inject water-stopping material and perform drainage boring, which will extend the construction period and significantly Construction costs were forced to rise. Furthermore, it requires a large amount of cement quick-setting material, which is not only uneconomical, but also causes a decrease in the long-term strength of the sprayed material, which poses a serious problem in practice. Also, cement,
In the so-called wet spraying method, which sprays mortar concrete that has been mixed with sand or gravel by adding water in advance, the mortar concrete contains water, so when a quick-setting agent is mixed with it, it sets immediately and spraying is impossible. There was a problem that I couldn't do it. [Structure of the Invention] As a result of various studies to solve these problems, the inventor of the present invention has determined that the cement quick setting agent powder containing calcium aluminate is supplied at a pressure of 0.1 to 0.1 to less than the feeding pressure of the dry mix or wet mix. We discovered that it is sufficient to feed air under pressure 3 atm higher and merge it at an angle of 10 to 60 degrees with the flow of the dry mix or wet mix containing cement at any position within 40 m from the spray nozzle. It is a completed invention. Naturally, when adding the cement quick setting agent powder containing calcium aluminate to the dry mix of cement, water is mixed at the same time or before or after the addition. In other words, the present invention provides dry mixing or wet mixing of cement, which optionally contains aggregate, which is being fed toward a spray nozzle, at any position within 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle. The cement quick setting agent powder containing calcium aluminate, which is quantitatively pneumatically fed at a pressure 0.1 to 3 atmospheres higher than the feeding pressure of the mixture or wet mixture, is applied to the flow of the dry mixture or wet mixture containing cement. A method for spraying a quick-setting spray material, which comprises mixing at an angle of 10 to 60 degrees, then adding water as necessary, and spraying the quick-setting spray material from a spray nozzle while continuously preparing the quick-setting spray material. It is. The method of the present invention will be explained in detail below. Calcium aluminates used in the method of the present invention include CaO・Al 2 O 3 , 12CaO・7Al 2 O 3 ,
CaO・2Al 2 O, 3CaO 3・Al 2 O 3 , 3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・
Various types of calcium such as CaF 2 , 11CaO・7Al 2 O 3・CaF 2 and hydrates of these calcium aluminates, heat-dehydrated calcium aluminate hydrates, heat-dehydrated amorphous calcium aluminate hydrates, etc. Aluminates can be used, in particular amorphous calcium aluminates obtained by rapidly cooling a melt of calcium aluminate, especially 12CaO.7Al 2 O 3 or 11CaO.7Al 2 O 3.CaF 2
An amorphous calcium aluminate having a composition of or a composition similar to this is preferable because it has a strong rapid setting property. In addition, natural minerals such as soda carbonate, sodium aluminate, sodium sulfate, alumite, calcined alumite, hemihydrate gypsum, and sepiolite, and calcium sulfoaluminate can also be used in combination with these calcium aluminates. In particular, the combined use of amorphous calcium aluminate and an alkali carbonate such as soda carbonate is preferred. The powder level of cement quick-setting material is 3000 in plain value.
About cm 2 /g or more, preferably 4500 to 7000 cm 2 /g
This is preferable in terms of reactivity and economy. In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention has a main feature in that a cement quick setting material containing calcium aluminate is mixed by air pressure under specific conditions. The materials mixed in the cement may separate due to differences in specific gravity and particle size, and the rapid setting reaction of cement may vary.To solve this problem, the cement The rapid setting material may be finely pulverized to a powder level of 200 to 300 cm 2 /g. As for the pneumatic feeder for the quick-setting cement material, any commonly used pneumatic feeder that can feed the fixed quantity under pressure may be used, and it can be used regardless of whether it is a dry sprayer or a powder blower. As a result of various studies, it has been found that the pumping conditions are preferably 0.1 to 3 atmospheres higher than the feeding pressure of the air-kneaded mixture or the wet mixture containing cement. In particular, this condition is suitable when the latter wet mixture and the cement quick-setting agent are combined, and if the pumping pressure of the cement quick-setting powder is lower than the feeding pressure of the dry mix or wet mixture, cement and bone Material may flow backwards and cause blockages. The diameter of the hose for pressure-feeding cement quick-setting material is as follows:
It is preferably about 10 to 50 mm, particularly about 20 to 30 mm.
If the diameter of the pressure feeding hose is too large, the flow rate will be slow and clogging will occur easily, and the quick-setting cement material will likely separate. On the other hand, if the hose diameter is too small, the pressure loss will increase, which is undesirable. It is recommended to use dehydrated air or high-pressure air that has been sufficiently drained as the pressurized air for cement quick-setting materials. If it contains a large amount of water, the cement quick-setting material may become clogged or harden inside the hose. It is desirable to use a Y-shaped pipe to join the cement quick-setting agent powder and the dry mix or wet mix. The angle of the Y-shaped tube is preferably 10 to 60 degrees, preferably 20 to 45 degrees, from the viewpoint of preventing clogging and improving the mixability with the air-kneaded mixture or wet mixture. Further, backflow can be prevented by making the cross-sectional area of the Y-shaped pipe proportional to the pumping amount. The installation position of the Y-tube is closer to the tip of the spray nozzle.
It is best to install it at any position within 40 m, preferably from 5 to 20 m, in terms of mixing performance and prevention of clogging. If the Y-shaped pipe is installed at a position more than 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle, the quick-setting spray material will react with the moisture in the aggregate and become easily clogged, and if the Y-shaped pipe is installed more than 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle, it will easily become clogged. In such a position, the mixing properties of the cement quick-setting agent will be poor. The air-kneaded mixture or wet mixture supplied in the present invention is, for example, one to which a cement water reducing agent containing lignin sulfonate, β-naphthalene sulfonate formalin condensate, sulfonated melamine, etc. as a main component is added. It may be. By adopting such a method of the present invention,
The spray agent hose is no longer clogged, and the problems of the conventional method described above can be solved. The machines and transportation hoses for feeding the dry mix or wet mixture are those that have been used in the past. The diameter is about 10 to 100 mm, and the feeding pressure is 2 to 10 mm.
It is about Kg/ cm2 . Furthermore, the method of the present invention can be used for applications other than concrete. For example, it can also be used for spraying refractories. In this case, a refractory binder such as alumina cement can be used instead of cement. If the amount of binder is small, the binder and quick-setting agent can be mixed together and blown into the mixture at the same time using a spraying machine. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to examples. Example 1 The concrete composition shown in Table 1 was made as follows:
Materials were supplied and a spray test was conducted. The cement used is the trade name "Denka Ordinary Portland Cement", the sand and gravel are from Himekawa, and the quick-setting cement is mainly composed of amorphous calcium aluminate, with a plain value of 4500cm 2 /g in fineness. The product name "Denkanantomiku T-5" (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was used. In the test, the surface water of the sand was varied to 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%, and 5 m 3 of each was sprayed.
【表】
吹付方法は、吹付材料としてのセメント、砂、
砂利の空練り混合物を吹付機（アリバー(株)製アリ
バー400）で、その送給条件を、ホース内径50mm、
ホース長さ100ｍ、空気圧６Kg／cm2、空気量５
m3／分として吹付ノズルに向けて送給すると共
に、吹付ノズル先端より10ｍ手前に吹付材料の流
れ方向とセメント急結材の流れ方向との角度が45
度のＹ字管を設置し、そこでセメント急結材粉末
と合流させたのち、さらに水と合流させて吹付け
た。
セメント急結材粉末の圧送合流には、空気圧送
方式の「ブロマート」（技術資源開発(株)製）を用
い、その圧送条件は、ホース内径30mm、ホース長
さ100ｍ、空気圧７Kg／cm2にして、圧送し、前記
空練り混合物と合流させた。
比較のため、従来法として、前記空練り混合物
を「アリバー400」にベルトコンベアーにより供
給すると共に、そのベルトコンベアー上にセメン
ト急結材を自動散布する方法により供給し、この
インスタント混合物を「アリバー400」を用いて
前記条件で吹付ノズルに向けて圧送すると共に、
吹付ノズル先端付近で水を合流配合して吹付け
た。
その結果、従来法では、表面水が５％までは問
題なく施工できたが、表面水が７％、９％の砂を
用いたときには、ホースが詰まり圧送することが
できなかつた。これに対し、本発明法において
は、詰りがなく施工でき、トンネル内の湧水（２
トン／分）に対しても問題なく施工できた。
また、本発明方法では、砂の表面水の多いもの
程、リバウンド量とセメントの粉塵発生が少なか
つた。そのリバウンド量の測定結果を第２表に示
す。[Table] The spraying method uses cement, sand,
A dry mixed gravel mixture was fed using a spraying machine (Aribar 400 manufactured by Alibar Co., Ltd.) under the following conditions: a hose with an inner diameter of 50 mm;
Hose length 100m, air pressure 6Kg/ cm2 , air volume 5
m 3 /min toward the spray nozzle, and 10 m before the tip of the spray nozzle at an angle of 45 m between the flow direction of the spray material and the flow direction of the cement quick-setting material.
A Y-shaped pipe was installed, where it was mixed with cement quick-setting agent powder, and then mixed with water and sprayed. For the pressure-feeding and merging of the cement quick-setting powder, an air-feeding system called "Blomato" (manufactured by Gijutsu Shizuhin Kaihatsu Co., Ltd.) was used, and the pressure-feeding conditions were: a hose inner diameter of 30 mm, a hose length of 100 m, and an air pressure of 7 kg/ cm2. The mixture was then pumped and combined with the dry kneaded mixture. For comparison, as a conventional method, the dry kneaded mixture was supplied to "Alivar 400" by a belt conveyor, and a cement quick setting agent was automatically spread on the belt conveyor. ” to the spray nozzle under the above conditions,
Water was mixed and sprayed near the tip of the spray nozzle. As a result, with the conventional method, sand with a surface water content of up to 5% could be applied without any problem, but when sand with a surface water content of 7% or 9% was used, the hose was clogged and the sand could not be pumped under pressure. In contrast, with the method of the present invention, construction can be performed without clogging, and spring water (2
It was possible to carry out the work without any problems even at high speeds (tons/minute). Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, the more surface water the sand had, the lower the amount of rebound and the generation of cement dust. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the rebound amount.
【表】
実施例 ２
実施例１と同様の方法において、セメント急結
材粉末の合流位置にもとづく吹付性の急結性状を
みるため、吹付ノズル先端より05、１、３、５、
10、15、20、40、50、60ｍのそれぞれの位置にＹ
字管を設置し、表面水７％の砂を使用して、それ
ぞれ３m3吹付けた。
その結果、0.5ｍの位置にＹ字管を設置したも
のは、充分に混合されずに急結材状にバラツキが
生じたが、１〜40ｍに設置したものは急結性状に
バラツキがなく施工でき、とくに５〜20ｍに設置
したものでは、すぐれた急結性状を示した。
50ｍ以遠に設置したものは、ホースに詰りが起
り、圧送空気量を増やしてみても圧送することが
困難であつた。又、１ｍ以内での混合を良くする
ためにパイプにねじりを入れたり、管内に混合機
（例えばラインミキサー）を入れたり、吹込み口
を二ケ所以上としたり、これら手段を組合せたり
することにより急結材の吹込み口をノズル先端か
ら10cm程度まで短縮できた。
実施例 ３
実施例１において、「ブロマート」のかわりに
「アリバー400」を用いて吹付けた。セメント急結
材粉末と空練り混合物の圧送条件を共に６Kg／cm2
にして吹付けたところ、５m3の施工量でＹ字管に
詰りが生じたが、直ちに、セメント急結材粉末の
圧送条件を７Kg／cm2にしたところ、その詰りを解
除することができた。
又、急結材とセメント混合物の圧送圧力を変化
させて各１m3の吹付試験を行つた。その結果を第
３表に示す。[Table] Example 2 In the same method as in Example 1, in order to examine the rapid setting properties of the sprayability based on the confluence position of the cement quick setting material powder, 05, 1, 3, 5,
Y at each position of 10, 15, 20, 40, 50, 60m
A double tube was installed and 3 m 3 of each sand was sprayed using sand with a surface water content of 7%. As a result, when the Y-tube was installed at a 0.5 m position, it was not mixed sufficiently and there were variations in the quick-setting properties, but when installed at 1 to 40 m, there was no variation in the quick-setting properties and the construction was successful. It showed excellent rapid setting properties, especially when installed at a distance of 5 to 20 meters. For those installed at a distance of 50 meters or more, the hose would become clogged, making it difficult to pump air even if the amount of pumped air was increased. In addition, to improve mixing within 1 m, twisting the pipe, installing a mixer (for example, a line mixer) in the pipe, installing two or more air inlets, or a combination of these methods can be used. The injection port for quick-setting material could be shortened to about 10cm from the nozzle tip. Example 3 In Example 1, "Alivar 400" was used instead of "Bromato" for spraying. Both the pumping conditions for the cement quick setting agent powder and the dry mixing mixture were 6Kg/ cm2.
When the spraying was carried out, the Y-shaped pipe became clogged after 5m3 of work was done, but when the conditions for pumping the cement quick-setting powder to 7Kg/ cm2 were immediately applied, the clog was cleared. Ta. In addition, a spraying test of 1 m 3 of the quick-setting material and cement mixture was carried out by varying the pumping pressure. The results are shown in Table 3.
【表】
急結材の圧送圧力がセメント混合物の圧送圧力
と同等以下では急結材側のホース及びセメント混
合物側の両ホースの混合部につまりが生じ、急結
材の圧送圧力が11Kg／cm2ではセメント混合物のホ
ースの混合部より圧送機側につまりが生じた。こ
の結果より急結材の圧送圧力はセメント混合物の
圧送圧力よりも0.1〜３Kg／cm2高い場合につまり
がなく好ましいことがわかる。
又、急結材の吹込角度を変化させて、つまりや
混合性を試験した。結果を第４表に示す。[Table] If the pumping pressure of the quick-setting material is equal to or lower than the pumping pressure of the cement mixture, clogging will occur in the mixing section of both the hose on the quick-setting material side and the hose on the cement mixture side, and the pumping pressure of the quick-setting material will be 11 kg/cm. In No. 2 , a blockage occurred on the side of the pumping machine from the mixing section of the cement mixture hose. These results show that it is preferable that the pressure of the quick-setting material is 0.1 to 3 kg/cm 2 higher than the pressure of the cement mixture to prevent clogging. In addition, clogging and mixing properties were tested by changing the blowing angle of the quick-setting material. The results are shown in Table 4.
【表】
吹込角度90°より大きい角度ではつまりが生じ、
90°以下ではつまりがなかつたが、混合性は60°〜
10°の角度良好となり、急結材の量が少なくても
リバウンドを少くすることができた。
実施例 ４
実施例１と同じ材料を使用して、Ｗ／Ｃ＝0.55
の１：３モルタルを混練した。このモルタルに
は、セメント減水剤として「マイテイ150」（花王
石鹸(株)登録商標）をセメントに対して１重量％添
加した。このモルタルのフロー値は200mmである。
これをスクイズポンプで吹付ノズルに向けて５
Kg／cm2の圧力で圧送すると共に、セメント急結材
粉末を「ブロマート」により5.5Kg／cm2の圧力で
圧送し、吹付ノズル先端より10ｍ手前で実施例１
で用いたのと同じＹ字管で混合した。セメント急
結材粉末の圧送量はセメントに対して５重量％の
割合である。その結果、粉塵もなくリバウンド率
10％でトンネルの吹付工事が可能であつた。
実施例 ５
耐火骨材としてマグネシアクリンカー（５mm
下）、バインダーとしてアルミナセメントをそれ
ぞれ93重量部、７重量部混合して、吹付機により
5.5Kg／cm2の圧力で圧送した。又同時に急結材を
別の吹付機にて6.0Kg／cm2の圧力で圧送し、ノズ
ル手前２ｍで実施例１で用いたのと同じＹ字管を
用いて合流させた。
500℃の炉内にこの混合物を吹付け、熱間吹付
施工を行つたところ、粉ジンも少なく、リバウン
ドも少なく、すぐれた吹付施工が可能となつた。
実施例 ６
実施例１のコンクリート配合において、セメン
ト急結剤として、“デンカナトミツクＴ−３”、
を使用して実施例１と同様に吹付施工した。又、
急結剤を除いて同じコンクリート配合を使用して
湿式コンクリート（スランプ10cm）を作り、同様
に吹付コンクリート試験を行つた。
急結材は対セメント６％で粉ジンのない、吹付
施工が可能となつた。作業性に優れ、多少の湧水
でも施工が可能であつた。[Table] If the blowing angle is greater than 90°, clogging will occur.
There was no clogging at 90° or less, but the mixing property was from 60°
A good angle of 10° was obtained, and even with a small amount of quick-setting material, it was possible to reduce rebound. Example 4 Using the same material as Example 1, W/C = 0.55
A 1:3 mortar was kneaded. To this mortar, 1% by weight of "Mighty 150" (registered trademark of Kao Soap Co., Ltd.) was added as a cement water reducing agent. The flow value of this mortar is 200mm.
Aim this at the spray nozzle with a squeeze pump and
In addition to pumping at a pressure of Kg/cm 2 , cement quick-setting powder was pumped at a pressure of 5.5 Kg/cm 2 using "Bromato", and the powder was pumped 10 m before the tip of the spray nozzle in Example 1.
The mixture was mixed in the same Y-tube used in . The amount of cement quick-setting agent powder pumped was 5% by weight relative to the cement. As a result, there is no dust and the rebound rate is
Tunnel spraying work was possible with 10%. Example 5 Magnesia clinker (5 mm
(Bottom), 93 parts by weight and 7 parts by weight of alumina cement were mixed as a binder, respectively, and mixed with a spray machine.
It was pumped at a pressure of 5.5Kg/cm 2 . At the same time, a quick-setting material was pumped out at a pressure of 6.0 kg/cm 2 using another spray machine, and the materials were merged using the same Y-shaped pipe as used in Example 1 2 m before the nozzle. When this mixture was sprayed into a furnace at 500°C for hot spraying, excellent spraying was possible with less dust and less rebound. Example 6 In the concrete formulation of Example 1, “Denkanato Miku T-3” was used as a cement quick setting agent.
Spraying was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 using. or,
Wet concrete (slump 10 cm) was made using the same concrete mix except for the quick-setting agent, and the same shotcrete test was conducted. The quick-setting material has a 6% cement content and can be sprayed without powder. It has excellent workability and can be constructed even with a small amount of spring water.
Claims (1)
応じ骨材を含有するセメントの空練り混合物又は
湿式混合物に、吹付ノズル先端より40ｍ以内の任
意の位置で、空練り混合物又は湿式混合物の送給
圧力よりも0.1〜３気圧高い圧力で定量的に空気
圧送されてくるカルシウムアルミネートを含有す
るセメント急結材粉末を、空練り混合物又は湿式
混合物の流れに対し10〜60度の角度で混合し、つ
いで必要に応じて水を混合して、連続的に急結性
吹付材を調製しながら吹付ノズルから噴射させる
ことを特徴とする急結性吹付材の吹付方法。1. At any position within 40 m from the tip of the spray nozzle, feed the dry mix or wet mixture of cement containing aggregate if necessary, which is being fed towards the spray nozzle. Cement quick setting agent powder containing calcium aluminate, which is quantitatively pneumatically fed at a pressure 0.1 to 3 atmospheres higher than the supply pressure, is mixed at an angle of 10 to 60 degrees with respect to the flow of the dry mix or wet mix. A method for spraying a quick-setting spray material, which comprises: then mixing water as necessary to continuously prepare the quick-setting spray material and spraying it from a spray nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56009409A JPS57122972A (en) | 1981-01-24 | 1981-01-24 | Spraying method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56009409A JPS57122972A (en) | 1981-01-24 | 1981-01-24 | Spraying method |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25684490A Division JPH03176565A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Spraying method for quick setting spray material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57122972A JPS57122972A (en) | 1982-07-31 |
| JPH0141796B2 true JPH0141796B2 (en) | 1989-09-07 |
Family
ID=11719598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56009409A Granted JPS57122972A (en) | 1981-01-24 | 1981-01-24 | Spraying method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57122972A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003003794A (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-01-08 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Wet spraying method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5322781A (en) * | 1976-08-16 | 1978-03-02 | Hoechst Ag | Nonndestructive leakage test for plastic vessel and closed plastic vessel |
-
1981
- 1981-01-24 JP JP56009409A patent/JPS57122972A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5322781A (en) * | 1976-08-16 | 1978-03-02 | Hoechst Ag | Nonndestructive leakage test for plastic vessel and closed plastic vessel |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003003794A (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2003-01-08 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Wet spraying method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS57122972A (en) | 1982-07-31 |
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