JPH04367782A - Water treatment and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To modify a water optionally by applying a low alternating current to first and second electrodes in a process for modifying the water with the voltage applied alternately to the first and second electrodes located underwater. CONSTITUTION:A low alternating current is applied to first and second electrodes 3A and 3B located under water by using a low-current and oscillation- frequency setting division 6, first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B, a switch command generating circuit 14, a setting section for reference voltage 15, a direct current source 4, a high-frequency oscillating condenser 13, a comparator 19, speed-up capacitors 12, 21 and 23, a chattering preventive resistor 20 and the like. In this way, a water can be modified to have a desired quality with, for example a beautiful taste, a bitter taste or a sweet taste by choosing appropriate oscillation frequency and voltage.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water treatment method and apparatus for reforming water by applying a voltage to the water.

0002

[Prior Art] In a conventional water treatment device of this kind, first and second electrodes are arranged in water, and a DC voltage lower than the electrolysis voltage of water is periodically applied between these electrodes. It provided energy and treated water.

[0003] Water that has been subjected to such water treatment has the following advantages. (1) Sludge is less likely to adhere to water pipes. (2) Treated tap water loses the smell of chlorine and becomes more delicious. (3) Treated water will not corrode pipes, etc. (4) It has the effect of deterring red water.

However, if one of the first and second electrodes is always used with one positive and the other negative, deposits are deposited on the electrode surface due to electroplating, and this deposit becomes an insulator. This impedes the movement of electrons, making it impossible to obtain water treatment effects.

[0005] Furthermore, if the DC voltage applied between the first and second electrodes is high, water electrolysis occurs, making it impossible to obtain water treatment effects.

[0006] In order to solve such problems, first,
A water treatment method and apparatus having a structure in which the polarity of the DC voltage applied between the second electrodes is periodically changed has been proposed.

By periodically changing the polarity of the applied DC voltage, it is possible to prevent deposits from accumulating on the electrode surface due to electroplating.

[0008]

However, there is a problem in that simply changing the polarity of the DC applied voltage periodically does not allow water to be reformed arbitrarily. Furthermore, this water treatment device requires a constant voltage circuit, a low current circuit, a polarity reversing circuit, etc. in order to periodically change the polarity of the applied DC voltage, which has the problem of making the device expensive.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment method and apparatus that can optionally reform water.

0010

[Means for Solving the Problems] The means of the present invention for achieving the above object will be explained as follows.

[0011] The invention as set forth in claim 1 provides the first aspect of the invention.
, a water treatment method in which a first electrode is disposed and a voltage is alternately applied between the first and second electrodes to reform the water; It is characterized by applying a low current of .

[0012] The invention as set forth in claim 2 provides that the first
, a water treatment device in which a second electrode is disposed and a voltage is alternately applied between the first and second electrodes to reform the water; first and second switching circuits that are connected to each other via an oscillation frequency setting section, and alternately apply a sawtooth alternating current voltage at a low current from the DC power supply through the current and oscillation frequency setting section; , a capacitor connected between the output terminals of the first and second switching circuits, a switching command generation circuit that alternately supplies switching commands to the first and second switching circuits, and a switching command generation circuit that generates a desired reference voltage. The generated reference voltage setting section compares the voltage applied between the electrodes with the reference voltage of the reference voltage setting section, and when the former voltage exceeds the latter voltage, the switching command generation circuit and a comparator that outputs a switching signal.

[0013]

[Operation] When a low alternating current is applied between the first and second electrodes as claimed in claim 1, water can be reformed while preventing water electrolysis. Furthermore, water can be reformed to a desired quality by setting the oscillation frequency and voltage.

[0014] According to the configuration of claim 2, the low current and oscillation frequency setting section makes it possible to set a low current at a desired frequency. Further, a desired reference voltage can be set by the reference voltage setting section. Therefore, it is possible to set the applied voltage according to the oscillation frequency.

[0015]

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a water treatment apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a waterway or water tank,
2 is water in the waterway or aquarium 1, 3A and 3B are first and second electrodes placed in the water 2, 4 is a DC power supply, and 5A and 5B are a low current and oscillation frequency setting unit 6 connected to the DC power supply 4. These are first and second switching circuits which are connected to each other through the low current and oscillation frequency setting section 6 and alternately apply a sawtooth high frequency voltage from the DC power source 4 at a low current. These first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B are
Resistors 7A, 7B and transistors 8A, 8B, 9A, 9
They are each made up of B. The low current and oscillation frequency setting section 6 includes a series circuit of an oscillation frequency setting resistor 10 and a delay coil 11 connected in series between the DC power supply 4 and the first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B. , and a speed-up capacitor 12 connected in parallel to the series circuit. 13 is a high frequency oscillation capacitor connected between the output terminals of the first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B. Reference numeral 14 designates a switching command generation circuit that alternately provides switching commands to the first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B, and 15 represents a reference voltage setting section that sets a reference voltage. In this embodiment, the reference voltage setting section 15 includes two diodes 16 connected in series and a reference voltage setting variable resistor 17 connected in series with these diodes 16. The anode side of these series-connected diodes 16 is grounded, and the cathode side is connected to a reference voltage setting variable resistor 17 and a resistor 1.
It is connected to the DC power supply 4 via 8. 19 is the first,
The voltage applied between the second electrodes 3A and 3B is compared with the reference voltage of the reference voltage setting section 15, and when the former voltage exceeds the latter voltage, the switching command generation circuit 1
4 is a comparator that outputs a square wave switching signal, 20 is a comparator 19
21 is a speed-up capacitor connected in parallel to the resistor 20, and 22 is the voltage of the first and second electrodes 3A and 3B. A resistor 23 is connected to the electric path that provides the comparator 19 with a speed-up capacitor connected in parallel to the resistor 22.

24 is a waveform correction circuit consisting of a flip-flop circuit that shapes the waveform of the switching signal output from the comparator 19 and also corrects the pulse width so that the duty ratio is 1:1; 25 is a waveform correction circuit; A frequency detector 26 includes a counter or tacho generation for detecting the frequency of the switched switching signal. Reference numeral 26 is a display that displays the detection result of the frequency detector 25, for example, as an alarm. 27,2
Reference numerals 8 and 29 denote a resistor, a capacitor, and a light emitting diode connected in series between the output terminal of the waveform correction circuit 24 and the ground. The light emitting diode 29 acts as another indicator other than the indicator 26. 30 is a bias diode connected in parallel to the light emitting diode 29.

Next, a water treatment method for reforming water using such a water treatment apparatus will be explained. The reference voltage setting unit 15 sets the reference voltage to 1V depending on the modification of water, for example, when modifying water to be delicious, and setting the reference voltage to 1V when modifying water to have a bitter taste but with a large deodorizing effect. The voltage is set to 5V, and the voltage is set to 30V when modifying water suitable for lotion, etc. This reference voltage is used as one input of the comparator 19. The comparator 19 connects one of the electrodes 3A,
The voltage applied to 3B is the other input. in this case,
The low current and oscillation frequency setting unit 6 sets the current to, for example, 40 μA/cm 2 when reforming into delicious water.
The frequency is set to, for example, 0.1 Hz to 1 KHz, and when modifying water to have a bitter taste but a large deodorizing effect, the current is set to, for example, 400 μA/cm2, and the frequency is set to, for example, 1 KHz to 50 KHz. , when modifying water suitable for lotion etc., the current is, for example, 4000μA/c.
m2, and the frequency is set to 50kHz/500KHz. Setting of each current value is performed by adjusting the distance between the electrodes and the area of the electrodes. Comparator 19 connects electrode 3
A rectangular wave switching signal is sequentially output every time the voltage applied to A and 3B exceeds the reference voltage. Every time this switching signal is applied, the switching command generation circuit 14 sends a switching command to the first and second switching circuits 5A.
, 5B alternately. As a result, the first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B are alternately made conductive, and the DC power supply 4
The DC voltage reverses the polarity and connects the first and second electrodes 3A, 3.
For example, an AC voltage with a waveform as shown in FIG.
(waveform when the frequency is 0 KHz or higher) is applied. The voltage applied to the electrode 3A or 3B at this time is determined by the comparator 19 as described above.
is input. When the polarity of the DC voltage applied to the electrodes 3A and 3B is switched in this way, when the frequency is low, the DC voltage applied to the electrodes 3A and 3B changes every time it reaches the reference voltage as shown in FIG. The polarity will be reversed. Therefore, the time period during which the peak voltage exists becomes shorter. On the other hand, when the frequency is high, the polarity is reversed at the oscillation frequency determined by the high-frequency oscillation capacitor 13, coil 11, resistor 10, capacitor 12, etc. Further, when the frequency is low, when the water quality changes, the capacitance between the electrodes 3A and 3B changes, so the rise characteristics of the DC applied voltage change, and the polarity switching period changes automatically.

The reason why the charge and discharge waveforms are different as shown in FIG. 2 is due to the semiconductor action of water.

[0020] When a low alternating current is applied to the first and second electrodes 3A and 3B as described above, water can be reformed without electrolyzing the water 2, and the water 2 can be reformed. Less current is required. This is thought to be due to an electric dipole effect, and is more pronounced as the frequency is higher. In addition, polar molecules (metallic substances, etc.) also cause a small amount of current to flow through water.

Generally, when alternating current is applied to water 2, alternating current i
is the angular velocity ω, the AC maximum value I (constant), the frequency f,
If time is t, the relationship i=Isin ωt, ω=2πf holds true, and as the frequency f increases, the current i increases. This is the case when the frequency f is 10 KHz or less, and when the frequency is higher than this, when the current is passed directly through the water 2, the current i suddenly decreases when the frequency exceeds 10 KHz. Efficient water treatment uses a frequency of 100KHz and a current of 5 to 1
At 0Vpp, it only requires about 100μA/cm. For this reason,
A battery can be used as the DC power source 4, and can be used in a rooftop aquarium, an outdoor tank, etc. Furthermore, since the treatment time is quick, a large amount of water can be treated. Furthermore, there are demonstration cases where the connection time is long due to water treatment reform, and even after several months, the color becomes red and black. In addition, adding calcium or the like during water treatment will dissolve the calcium, making it possible to produce delicious water with high calcium hardness.

On the other hand, the switching signal of the comparator 19 is shaped and corrected in a waveform correction circuit 24 so that the duty becomes 1:1, and its output is sent to a frequency detector 25 and a light emitting diode 29.
given to. The frequency detector 25 detects the polarity reversal switching frequency, and the result is displayed on the display 26 as, for example, an alarm. The light emitting diode 29 lights up continuously when the polarity reversal switching frequency is high, and blinks when it is low. Therefore, if the water 2 is, for example, circulating water, the indicator 2
Changes in water quality can be detected by the display 6 or the lighting state of the light emitting diode 29. Further, for example, when the outside temperature becomes high, it is necessary to lower the reference voltage, but if the reference voltage setting section 15 is composed of the diode 16 as in this embodiment, the characteristics of the diode 16 may change due to temperature changes. The reference voltage can be corrected automatically.

Note that the reference voltage setting section 15 can also use another power source that can switch and output various voltages.

Next, an example of the effect of water modification by the water treatment of the present invention will be shown. [Modification 1] Delicious water treatment: Voltage 1Vpp to 4Vpp Frequency 0.1Hz to 1KHz Treatment time 10 minutes to several hours Physicochemical changes: 20°C total hardness 15 water surface tension (measured with platinum ring 13φ) 76 dynes/cm is 75
Changed to ~74 dynes/cm Change in pH: No change Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMR Half-width: No change.

Properties: (a) Water with a mellow taste without losing the aroma of favorite foods.

(b) The quality of the water in the bath changes, and it becomes necessary to take a hot bath. For example, a person who took a bath at 41°C will now take a bath at 45°C.

(c) It has a rust-preventing effect and a scale-removing effect. For example, red nails turn black in 6 to 10 hours.

(d) Provides a deodorizing effect. Eliminates chlorine and mold odors from water supply.

(e) When used in cooking, it enhances the flavor of simmered foods, makes rice fluffy, and lasts a long time.

(f) Soaking tofu keeps the taste intact;
long lasting.

(g) When calcium is added during the electrical treatment of water with a calcium hardness of 10 ppm, the calcium hardness increases to 2.
It became 0ppm.

(h) It also has the effect of melting metals. Aluminum is anodized in a few hours.

Physical changes: (a) No change in specific gravity or body weight (b) If red onions are placed in a flask and left for one day, the red rust will fall off, but there will be no change in water turbidity. [Modification 2] Treatment that makes water bitter: Voltage 1Vpp to 4Vpp Frequency 1KHz to 50KHz Treatment time 15 to 30 minutes or more Physicochemical change: 20°C Total hardness 15 Water surface tension is 7
6 dynes/cm changes to 75-74 dynes/cm Change in pH: Becomes weakly alkaline. 0.3 pH properties: (a) Water brings bitterness.

[0034] The taste of coffee becomes more bitter. It tastes less sweet. The astringency of the tea becomes weaker and the bitterness increases.

(b) The bath is the same as Modification 1, but gives a soft feeling to the skin.

(c) The deodorizing effect is greater than that of modified 1.

(d) Rust-preventing effect and scale-removing effect are greater than those of Modification 1. In 3 to 6 hours, the red and black color will appear.

(e) When used as water for boiling grains or rice, the taste is better than in Modification 1. [Modification 3] Treatment to give water a sweet taste: Voltage 4Vpp to 10Vpp Frequency 50KHz to 500KHz or more Treatment time Physicochemical changes: 20°C Total hardness 15 Water surface tension is 7
Change from 6 dynes/cm to 73 dynes/cm Change in pH:
Increased alkalinity to 0.3 Characteristics: (a) Coffee with sweet water becomes sweeter and has less bitterness and astringency.

[0039] The taste of tea comes out, but the aroma and astringency are reduced.

(b) The bath is the same as in Modifications 1 and 2, but
It feels soft on the skin and feels like bathing in oil, eliminating irritation.

(c) The deodorizing effect is greater than that of Modifications 1 and 2.

(d) The rust-inhibiting effect and descaling effect are greater than those of Modifications 1 and 2.

[0043] The red onions turn black in 1 to 2 hours.

(e) When used for boiling grains or cooking rice, the rice will be cooked more fluffy than Modifications 1 and 2. [Modification 4] The sweetness of the water increases further.

Processing: Voltage 10Vpp~40Vpp Frequency 50KHz~500KHz Treatment time Physicochemical changes: 20°C Total hardness 15 Water surface tension is 7
Change from 6 dynes/cm to 71 dynes/cm Nuclear magnetic resonance N
MP half value changed from 110Hz to 125Hz Change in pH: 0
．． Changes to 3-0.4 pH alkaline Specific gravity: Lightens to about 0.005.

Weight change: 0.1g/0.0 at 100cc.
15g lighter.

Properties: (a) Red onions turn black in about 30 minutes.

[0048] The effect of removing oil from glasses is increased, and the transparency is increased.

(b) Since the cleaning effect is increased, it is effective to treat it with ultrapure water and use it in the IC manufacturing process.

(c) When used as raw water for a lotion, it improves the mixing of oils and provides a lotion that is smooth on the skin.

(d) When used in car washer fluid,
The oil film will fall off and the oil film will not stick.

(e) When used in boiled grains, the grains become soft and delicious without bursting of the skin. The rice becomes brighter, whiter, softer, and more delicious, like new rice.

(f) The bath is so smooth that it does not irritate the skin and increases the warming effect.

(g) Others are the same as Modification 3.

In the above embodiment, the present invention was applied to a self-excited oscillator, but if the oscillator 31 is connected as shown in the figure and a signal is input from the outside, the present invention can also be applied to a separately excited oscillator. Can be applied.

[0056]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the water treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

In the water treatment method according to claim 1, since a low alternating current is applied between the first and second electrodes, water can be reformed while preventing water electrolysis. Can be done. Further, by setting the oscillation frequency and voltage, it is possible to easily reform water to a desired quality. In the water treatment apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the low current and oscillation frequency setting section enables setting of a low current at a desired frequency. Further, a desired reference voltage can be set by the reference voltage setting section. Therefore, it is possible to set the applied voltage according to the oscillation frequency, and it is possible to easily perform various water quality reforming operations.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a water treatment device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a low frequency applied voltage waveform diagram by the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of high frequency applied voltage waveforms by the device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Waterway or water tank 2 Water 3A, 3B First, second electrode 4 DC power supply 5A, 5B First, second switching circuit 6 Low current and oscillation frequency setting section 7A, 7B First, second switching circuit 8A ,8
B, 9A, 9B Transistor 10 Oscillation frequency setting resistor 11 Delay resistor 12 Capacitor 13 High frequency oscillation tensor 14 Switching command generation circuit 15 Reference voltage setting section 16 Diode 17 Reference voltage setting variable resistor

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A water treatment method in which first and second electrodes are disposed in water, and a voltage is alternately applied between the first and second electrodes to reform the water. 1. A water treatment method characterized by applying a low alternating current between a second electrode. 2. A water treatment device in which first and second electrodes are disposed in water and a voltage is alternately applied between the first and second electrodes to reform the water; and are respectively connected to the DC power source via a low current and oscillation frequency setting section, and alternately apply a sawtooth AC voltage at a low current from the DC power source through the current and oscillation frequency setting section. first and second switching circuits;
a capacitor connected between the output terminals of the second switching circuit; a switching command generation circuit that alternately gives switching commands to the first and second switching circuits; and a reference voltage setting that generates a desired reference voltage. Department and
a comparator that compares the voltage applied between the electrodes and a reference voltage of the reference voltage setting section and outputs a switching signal to the switching command generation circuit when the former voltage exceeds the latter voltage; A water treatment device comprising: