JP3099020B2 - Water treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water treatment method and apparatus for applying a voltage lower than the electrolysis voltage to water to treat the water.

(Prior Art) In a conventional water treatment apparatus of this type, a pair of electrodes are arranged in water, and a DC voltage equal to or lower than the electrolysis voltage of water is periodically applied between the electrodes to give energy to the water. Water treatment was being performed.

Water subjected to such water treatment has the following advantages.

(1) Sludge hardly adheres to a water pipe.

(2) Water treated tap water has no smell such as chlorine,
It tastes good.

(3) The treated water does not corrode pipes and the like.

(4) There is an effect of suppressing red water.

However, if one of the pair of electrodes is always used positively and the other is used negatively, deposits are deposited on the electrode surface by electroplating slightly, and the deposits become insulators and hinder the movement of electrons. The water treatment effect cannot be obtained.

Also, if the voltage applied between the pair of electrodes is high, water electrolysis occurs, and the water treatment effect cannot be obtained.

In order to solve such a problem, a water treatment method and apparatus having a structure in which the polarity of a DC voltage applied between a pair of electrodes is periodically changed has been proposed.

By periodically changing the polarity of the applied DC voltage,
Electroplating can prevent deposits from depositing on the electrode surface.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, there is a problem that water treatment cannot be performed according to water quality simply by changing the polarity of the DC applied voltage periodically. In addition, this water treatment apparatus requires a constant voltage circuit, a constant current circuit, a polarity reversing circuit, and the like in order to periodically change the polarity of the DC applied voltage, and there is a problem that the apparatus becomes expensive. Further, in the past, since the reversal period of the DC applied voltage was determined to a certain extent, the capacitance between the electrodes may be small depending on the water quality. At that time, the rising of the applied voltage is sudden as shown in FIG. , The existence time of the peak voltage becomes longer, the electrolysis of water starts, and there is a problem that proper water treatment cannot be performed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment method and apparatus capable of performing water treatment with a simple apparatus at an appropriate cycle according to water quality.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Means of the present invention for achieving the above object will be described as follows.

The water treatment method according to claim 1, wherein a pair of electrodes is disposed in water, and a DC voltage equal to or lower than an electrolysis voltage of the water is alternately applied between the pair of electrodes to treat the water. Wherein the polarity of the DC voltage applied between the electrodes is inverted when the voltage between the electrodes is detected and the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage value.

The invention according to claim 2 arranges a pair of electrodes in water, and alternately applies a DC voltage equal to or lower than the electrolysis voltage of the water from a DC power supply between the pair of electrodes to treat the water. In the water treatment apparatus, the DC power supply is connected to the DC power supply via a constant current resistor, and alternately applies a DC voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage from the DC power supply via the constant current resistor. 1, a second switching circuit, a switching flip-flop circuit for alternately giving a switching command to the first and second switching circuits, a reference voltage source for generating a reference voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage, A comparator that compares a DC voltage applied between the electrodes with a reference voltage of the reference voltage source and outputs a switching signal to the switching flip-flop circuit when the former voltage exceeds the latter voltage. Have It is characterized by the following.

The invention according to claim 3 arranges a pair of electrodes in water and treats the water by alternately applying a DC voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage from a DC power supply between the pair of electrodes. In the water treatment apparatus, the DC power supply is connected to the DC power supply via a constant current resistor, and alternately applies a DC voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage from the DC power supply via the constant current resistor. 1, a second switching circuit, a switching flip-flop circuit for alternately giving a switching command to the first and second switching circuits, a DC voltage applied between the electrodes, and a reference voltage of the reference voltage source. A comparator that outputs a switching signal to the switching flip-flop circuit when the former voltage exceeds the latter voltage, and a frequency detector that detects the frequency of the switching signal supplied from the comparator. And characterized in that:

The invention described in claim 4 is the invention according to claim 2 or 3.
In the paragraph, the reference voltage source is formed by a diode fed from the DC power supply.

(Operation) As described in claim 1, when the DC applied voltage between the electrodes is detected and the polarity of the DC applied voltage is switched at the time when the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage, according to the water quality, The switching cycle of the DC applied voltage automatically changes, and water treatment can be performed at an optimum cycle. In such a water treatment method,
Since the polarity is switched when the DC applied voltage reaches the peak value, the existence time of the peak voltage is shortened, the occurrence of electrolysis of water can be prevented, and appropriate water treatment can be performed.

According to the configuration of the second aspect, the constant current can be secured by the constant current resistor, and the polarity is switched when the peak voltage is reached, so that the constant voltage circuit becomes unnecessary, and the circuit configuration is simplified. Becomes

According to the configuration of the third aspect, in addition to the operation of the second aspect, the following operation can be obtained. That is, since the polarity switching period of the DC applied voltage is detected, it is possible to determine a change in water quality or the like depending on the length of the period.

According to the configuration of the fourth aspect, the characteristics of the diode change according to the temperature change, and the polarity of the DC applied voltage can be inverted according to the temperature change.

As described above, when the temperature is corrected using the diode, it is not necessary to provide a special temperature correction circuit.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the water treatment apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a waterway or water tank, 2 is water in the waterway or water tank 1, 3A and 3B are a pair of electrodes arranged in the water 2, 4 is a DC power supply, 5A and 5B are DC power supplies 4 for a constant current. The constant current resistors 6 respectively connected via the resistors 6
The first and second switching circuits alternately apply a DC voltage equal to or lower than the electrolysis voltage of the water 2 from the DC power supply 4 via the DC power supply. These first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B are connected to a resistor 7
A, 7B and transistors 8A, 8B, 9A, 9B, respectively. 10 is a switching flip-flop circuit for alternately giving a switching command to the first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B, and 11 is a reference voltage (for example, 0.
7 to 1.0 V). In this embodiment, the reference voltage source 11 is configured by connecting two diodes 12 in series. These series connected diodes
The anode side of 12 is grounded, and the cathode side is connected to the DC power supply 4 via the resistor 13. 14 compares the DC voltage applied between the electrodes 3A and 3B with the reference voltage of the reference voltage source 11 and switches the rectangular wave to the switching flip-flop circuit 10 when the former voltage exceeds the latter voltage. A comparator for outputting a signal, 15 is a resistor connected to an electric circuit for applying the voltage of the electrodes 3A and 3B to the comparator 14, 16 is a waveform for a switching signal output from the comparator 14, and a duty is one pair. A waveform correcting circuit comprising a flip-flop circuit for correcting the pulse width so as to be 1, a frequency detector 17 comprising a counter or a tachogenerator for detecting the frequency of the switching signal whose waveform has been corrected, and a frequency detector 18 17 detection results,
For example, it is a display for displaying an alarm or the like. Reference numerals 19, 20, and 21 denote resistors, capacitors, and light-emitting diodes connected in series between the output terminal of the waveform correction circuit 16 and the ground. The light emitting diode 21 functions as another display other than the display 18. Reference numeral 22 denotes a bias diode connected in parallel to the light emitting diode 21.

Next, a water treatment method using such a water treatment device will be described. In the reference voltage source 11, a reference voltage of, for example, 0.7 to 1.0 V that is optimal for water treatment is set. This reference voltage is used as one input of the comparator 14. The comparator 14 receives the DC voltage applied to one of the electrodes 3A and 3B as the other input. The comparator 14 sequentially outputs a rectangular wave switching signal each time the DC voltage applied to the electrodes 3A and 3B exceeds the reference voltage. Each time the switching signal is applied, the switching flip-flop circuit 10 alternately supplies a switching command to the first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B. As a result, the first and second switching circuits 5A and 5B are turned on alternately, and the DC voltage of the DC power supply 4 reverses the polarity and the pair of electrodes is turned on.
3A and 3B are applied alternately. The voltage applied to the electrode 3A or 3B at this time is input to the comparator 14 as described above. When the polarity of the DC voltage applied to the electrodes 3A and 3B is switched in this manner, the polarity of the DC voltage applied to the electrodes 3A and 3B is inverted every time the DC voltage reaches the reference voltage as shown in FIG. Will be. Therefore, the existence time of the peak voltage is shortened, and the occurrence of water electrolysis can be prevented. Also, when the water quality changes,
Since the capacitance between the electrodes 3A and 3B changes, the rise characteristic of the DC applied voltage changes, and the polarity switching cycle automatically changes.

The difference between the charge and discharge waveforms as shown in FIG. 2 is due to the action of the water semiconductor. If the value of the constant current resistor 6 is set so that the action of the water semiconductor occurs, it is effective. Water treatment is possible. If the value of the constant current resistor 6 is adjusted so as to obtain the waveform shown in FIG. 2, the frequency is not changed much due to the fluctuation of the power supply, the frequency becomes stable, and the electrolysis of water does not occur.

On the other hand, the switching signal of the comparator 14 is shaped and corrected by the waveform correcting circuit 16 so that the duty becomes one-to-one, and the output is given to the frequency detector 17 and the light emitting diode 21.
The switching frequency of the polarity inversion is detected by the frequency detector 17, and the result is displayed on the display 18 as an alarm, for example. The light emitting diode 21 is continuously lit when the switching frequency of the polarity inversion is high, and blinks when the switching frequency is low. Therefore, water 2
However, for example, in the case of circulating water, a change in water quality can be detected based on the display on the display 18 or the lighting state of the light emitting diode 21. Further, for example, when the outside air temperature rises, it is necessary to lower the reference voltage.
When the reference voltage source 11 is constituted by 12, the characteristics of the diode 12 change due to a temperature change, and the reference voltage can be automatically corrected.

It should be noted that another power supply capable of switching and outputting various voltages can be used as the reference voltage source 11.

In addition, the output of the frequency detector 17 uses a voltage switchable reference voltage source.
Control such as automatic switching of the voltage of 11 or automatic switching of the resistance value of the constant current resistor 6 can be performed as required.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the water treatment method and apparatus according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

In the water treatment method according to the first aspect, the DC applied voltage between the electrodes is detected, and when the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage, the polarity of the DC applied voltage is switched. Thus, the switching cycle of the DC applied voltage automatically changes, and the water treatment can be performed at the optimum cycle. In addition, in such a water treatment method, the polarity is switched when the DC applied voltage reaches the peak value, so that the existence time of the peak voltage is shortened, and the occurrence of water electrolysis can be prevented. Water treatment can be performed.

In the water treatment apparatus according to the second aspect, the constant current can be secured by the constant current resistor, and the polarity is switched when the peak voltage is reached. And the manufacturing cost of the apparatus can be reduced.

According to the water treatment apparatus described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention in claim 2, the following effect can be obtained. That is, since the frequency switching period of the DC applied voltage polarity is detected by the frequency detector,
There is an advantage that it is possible to determine a change in water quality.

According to the water treatment apparatus of the fourth aspect, the characteristics of the diode change according to the change in temperature, and the polarity of the DC applied voltage can be inverted according to the change in temperature. Further, when temperature correction is performed using a diode, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to provide a special temperature correction circuit.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a water treatment apparatus according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a switching waveform diagram of the applied voltage between the electrodes by the water treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a switching waveform diagram of the applied voltage between the electrodes by the conventional water treatment apparatus. 1 ... water channel or water tank, 2 ... water, 3A, 3B ... electrodes, 4 ... DC power supply, 5A, 5B ... first and second switching circuits, 6 ... constant current resistance, 10 ... Switching flip-flop circuit, 11: Reference voltage source, 12: Diode, 14: Comparator, 16: Waveform correction circuit, 17: Frequency detector, 18: Display, 21: Light-emitting diode ( display).

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C02F 1/46-1/48 C02F 5/00 610

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A water treatment method comprising: disposing a pair of electrodes in water; and alternately applying a DC voltage equal to or lower than the electrolysis voltage of the water between the pair of electrodes to treat the water. A water treatment method, wherein the polarity of the DC voltage applied between the electrodes is inverted when the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage value. 2. A water treatment apparatus comprising: a pair of electrodes arranged in water; and a DC power supply alternately applying a DC voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage between the pair of electrodes to treat the water. First and second switching units connected to a DC power supply via a constant current resistor, and alternately applying a DC voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage from the DC power supply via the constant current resistor. Circuit, a switching flip-flop circuit for alternately giving a switching command to the first and second switching circuits, a reference voltage source for generating a reference voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage, and a voltage applied between the electrodes. And comparing the DC voltage with the reference voltage of the reference voltage source and outputting a switching signal to the switching flip-flop circuit when the former voltage exceeds the latter voltage. Water treatment equipment. 3. A water treatment apparatus comprising: a pair of electrodes disposed in water; and a DC power supply alternately applying a DC voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage between the pair of electrodes to treat the water. First and second switching units connected to a DC power supply via a constant current resistor, and alternately applying a DC voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage from the DC power supply via the constant current resistor. Circuit, a switching flip-flop circuit for alternately giving a switching command to the first and second switching circuits, a reference voltage source for generating a reference voltage equal to or lower than the water electrolysis voltage, and a voltage applied between the electrodes. A comparator that outputs a switching signal to the switching flip-flop circuit when the former voltage exceeds the latter voltage by comparing the DC voltage with the reference voltage of the reference voltage source, And a frequency detector for detecting a frequency of the switching signal. 4. The water treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the reference voltage source is formed by a diode fed from the DC power supply.