JPH04331789A - Compost producing device - Google Patents
Compost producing deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04331789A JPH04331789A JP3100757A JP10075791A JPH04331789A JP H04331789 A JPH04331789 A JP H04331789A JP 3100757 A JP3100757 A JP 3100757A JP 10075791 A JP10075791 A JP 10075791A JP H04331789 A JPH04331789 A JP H04331789A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- air
- compost
- heat
- heat exchanger
- fermentation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001478887 unidentified soil bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は有機性の廃棄物を醗酵さ
せて堆肥を製造する装置に関し、更に詳しくは堆肥を製
造すると同時に発生する醗酵熱を農業や畜産等に有効に
利用するための装置に関する。[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing compost by fermenting organic waste, and more specifically, an apparatus for effectively utilizing fermentation heat generated at the same time as producing compost for agriculture, livestock raising, etc. Regarding equipment.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】植物の枝や葉、或いは家畜の屎尿などの
有機性の廃棄物を堆積し醗酵させて堆肥を製造すること
は昔より行われてきたが、堆積物の中心部分は醗酵熱が
籠もりまた周辺部分は乾燥しやすい為に、中心部分の醗
酵が進んで醗酵むらが生ずる傾向がある。従って醗酵む
らを解消するためには、醗酵の途中で何度も堆積物を切
り返しまた積み替えて、温度や湿度を均等化させる作業
が必要であり、労力を多く必要とするばかりでなく生産
能率も低いものであった。[Prior Art] It has been practiced for a long time to produce compost by depositing and fermenting organic waste such as plant branches and leaves or livestock excrement, but the core of the deposit is heated by fermentation. Since the surrounding area tends to become dense and dry, fermentation tends to proceed in the center area, resulting in uneven fermentation. Therefore, in order to eliminate uneven fermentation, it is necessary to turn over and reload the sediment many times during fermentation to equalize the temperature and humidity, which not only requires a lot of labor but also reduces production efficiency. It was low.
【０００３】近時、このような堆肥の製造を大量にしか
も能率よく行うために、周囲を断熱性材料で囲んで形成
した醗酵槽を用いることが提案されている。こうした醗
酵槽は、時々散水するなどして醗酵熱による水分の蒸発
を補うと同時に温度や湿度の均等化を図ることにより、
醗酵むらのない堆肥を能率よく製造できるようにしたも
のであった。Recently, in order to produce such compost in large quantities and efficiently, it has been proposed to use a fermenter surrounded by a heat insulating material. In these fermentation tanks, water is sprinkled occasionally to compensate for evaporation of water due to fermentation heat, and at the same time, by equalizing temperature and humidity,
This made it possible to efficiently produce compost with even fermentation.
【０００４】0004
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の堆肥の製造装置
においては、簡易な装置で堆肥を能率よく製造するとい
う点が重視されており、醗酵熱の回収は非効率的であっ
てその利用はコスト的に引き合わないものと考えられて
いた。そこで本発明は、堆肥を効率的に製造すると同時
に効率的に醗酵熱を回収して利用することができる堆肥
製造装置を提供することを目的とした。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In conventional compost manufacturing equipment, emphasis is placed on efficiently manufacturing compost with a simple device, and recovery of fermentation heat is inefficient and its utilization is limited. It was thought that the cost would not be competitive. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a compost production apparatus that can efficiently produce compost and at the same time efficiently recover and utilize fermentation heat.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
め本発明の堆肥製造装置は、断熱性材料で形成されて内
容物の出し入れができかつ密閉可能な醗酵槽であってそ
の下部に空気分配器をまたその上部に集気器を設けたも
のと、該集気器から温空気を吸入して再び該空気分配器
へ送り込む空気循環ラインと、該空気循環ラインの途中
に設けた送風機と、該空気循環ラインの途中に設けた熱
交換器とを備えてなる。[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the compost production apparatus of the present invention is a fermentation tank made of a heat insulating material, the contents of which can be taken in and taken out, and which can be sealed, with air in the lower part of the fermentation tank. A distributor with an air collector installed above it, an air circulation line that sucks hot air from the air collector and sends it back to the air distributor, and a blower installed in the middle of the air circulation line. , and a heat exchanger provided in the middle of the air circulation line.
【０００６】本発明の堆肥製造装置においては、上記の
構成に加えて空気循環ラインの途中に空気加湿器を設け
、醗酵槽内容物の含有水分が減少しないようにすること
が好ましい。また、上記の熱交換器は醗酵槽の天井裏部
分に設けることができるが、この場合は集気器が熱交換
器と併設されていることが好ましい。しかし、場合によ
っては醗酵槽の外部に設けてあってもよく、更には堆肥
製造装置の運転に支障のないかぎり所望の熱利用施設な
どに付帯させて設けることも可能である。In the compost production apparatus of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned configuration, it is preferable to provide an air humidifier in the middle of the air circulation line to prevent the moisture content of the contents of the fermentation tank from decreasing. Further, the above-mentioned heat exchanger can be installed in the attic part of the fermentation tank, but in this case, it is preferable that an air collector is installed together with the heat exchanger. However, depending on the case, it may be provided outside the fermentation tank, or furthermore, it may be provided attached to a desired heat utilization facility as long as it does not interfere with the operation of the compost production apparatus.
【０００７】かかる熱交換器は空気で空気を加温する所
謂気−気型か、又は空気で水等を加温する所謂気−液型
のいずれかであることが好ましく、これらは醗酵熱利用
施設の態様に合わせて選択されることが望ましい。[0007] Such a heat exchanger is preferably either a so-called air-air type that heats air with air, or a so-called air-liquid type that heats water etc. with air, and these are heat exchangers that use fermentation heat. It is desirable that the selection be made in accordance with the type of facility.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明の堆肥製造装置は、先ず醗酵槽内に堆肥
の原料を積み込み、必要に応じて種菌や栄養成分を追加
し、含有水分を調整したのち密閉する。次いで送風機を
運転して醗酵槽上部の空気を集気器から吸入し、醗酵槽
下部の空気分配器から槽内に送り込む。送り込まれた空
気は原料層内を上昇し、再び集気器から吸入されて装置
内を循環する。[Operation] The compost manufacturing apparatus of the present invention first loads compost raw materials into a fermentation tank, adds seed bacteria and nutrients as necessary, adjusts the water content, and then seals the tank. Next, the blower is operated to suck air from the upper part of the fermentation tank through the air collector, and send it into the tank through the air distributor at the bottom of the fermentation tank. The fed air rises within the raw material layer, is sucked in again from the air collector, and circulates within the device.
【０００９】こうすると原料は徐々に醗酵を開始し、そ
の発熱により循環空気の温度は上昇して例えば６０〜９
０℃程度にも達するが、空気循環ラインの途中に設けた
熱交換器において空気又は水等の２次流体と熱交換して
冷却され、例えば３０〜５０℃の温空気となって醗酵槽
に戻り、醗酵温度が上昇し過ぎることを抑制する。この
際、戻り空気には加湿器によって水分を補充し、原料の
含有水分が過度に低下することを防ぐようにする。こう
して盛んであった原料の発熱が徐々に弱まって醗酵槽上
部の空気の温度が低下して来ると、原料は良質な堆肥に
転換しているから、醗酵槽を開放して堆肥を取り出して
利用する。[0009] In this way, the raw materials gradually start to ferment, and the temperature of the circulating air rises due to the heat generated, for example, 60 to 90%.
Although it reaches around 0℃, it is cooled by exchanging heat with a secondary fluid such as air or water in a heat exchanger installed in the middle of the air circulation line, and becomes warm air of, for example, 30 to 50℃, and enters the fermentation tank. This prevents the fermentation temperature from rising too high. At this time, the return air is replenished with moisture by a humidifier to prevent the moisture content of the raw materials from decreasing excessively. As the heat generated by the raw materials gradually weakens and the temperature of the air above the fermentation tank drops, the raw materials have been converted into high-quality compost, so the fermentation tank can be opened and the compost taken out for use. do.
【００１０】一方、熱交換器で温められた２次流体は、
例えば温室暖房や家畜飼育室の暖房或いは水産動物飼育
水槽の温度調節等の種々の用途に有効に利用することが
できる。On the other hand, the secondary fluid heated by the heat exchanger is
For example, it can be effectively used for various purposes such as greenhouse heating, livestock breeding room heating, and temperature control of aquatic animal breeding tanks.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】本発明の堆肥製造装置を図１の実施例に基づ
いて説明する。図において、１は醗酵槽であり、断熱性
の良い壁体２と、同じく断熱性の良い扉体３とを用いて
、周囲を囲むように作られている。扉体３は開閉可能で
あって、原料の装填や堆肥の取出をするための開口部を
閉鎖し密閉できるように取り付けられている。４は断熱
性の良い天井体であり、壁体２との間に隙間がないよう
に設けられている。[Embodiment] The compost manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be explained based on the embodiment shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a fermentation tank, which is surrounded by a wall 2 with good heat insulation and a door 3 with good heat insulation. The door body 3 can be opened and closed, and is installed so that the opening for loading raw materials and taking out compost can be closed and sealed. 4 is a ceiling body with good heat insulation properties, and is provided so that there is no gap between it and the wall body 2.
【００１２】また５は空気分配器であって多数の散気口
を設けた複数の空気ダクトからなっており、醗酵槽１の
底部に配設されている。６は集気器であって多数の集気
口を設けた空気ダクトからなっており、熱交換器７を組
み込んで天井体４の下に取り付けられている。Reference numeral 5 denotes an air distributor, which is comprised of a plurality of air ducts provided with a large number of air diffusers, and is disposed at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1. Reference numeral 6 denotes an air collector, which consists of an air duct provided with a large number of air collection ports, and is installed under the ceiling body 4 with a heat exchanger 7 incorporated therein.
【００１３】醗酵槽１の外部には送風機８と加湿器９と
が設けられ、熱交換器７から送風機８、加湿器９を経て
空気分配器５までを結ぶ空気ダクトを設けて空気循環ラ
イン１０が形成されている。A blower 8 and a humidifier 9 are provided outside the fermentation tank 1, and an air duct is provided that connects the heat exchanger 7, the blower 8, the humidifier 9, and the air distributor 5 to form an air circulation line 10. is formed.
【００１４】このように構成された本発明の堆肥製造装
置において、寸法が幅４ｍ、長さ１１ｍ、高さ４．５ｍ
である醗酵槽１に堆肥製造原料として、豚糞尿の液状部
分を分離したもの５２．８ｔと牛糞尿の液状部分を分離
したもの４．２２ｔとに土壌菌を含む生成堆肥３３．９
ｔを混合して装填し、原料中の水分含有量が約６０％、
ｐＨが約１０となるように調整した。[0014] The compost manufacturing apparatus of the present invention configured as described above has dimensions of 4 m in width, 11 m in length, and 4.5 m in height.
Fermentation tank 1 contains 52.8 tons of separated liquid portions of pig manure, 4.22 tons of separated liquid portions of cow manure, and 33.9 tons of compost containing soil bacteria as raw materials for compost production.
t is mixed and loaded, the moisture content in the raw materials is about 60%,
The pH was adjusted to about 10.
【００１５】送風機８を運転して毎分約３６ｍ３ の空
気を循環して醗酵を進めたところ、運転開始後４８時間
で醗酵槽１の上部空間の空気温度は８０〜９０℃に達し
、熱交換及び加湿されて空気分配器５に戻った空気の温
度は約５０℃、湿度はほぼ１００％であった。熱交換器
７から２次流体ライン１１を介して送出された温水の温
度は約５０℃であり、回収熱量は約１１２×１０３ ｋ
ｃａｌ／ｈｒであった。こうして５乃至７日間運転を継
続することにより、均質な堆肥が得られた。When the blower 8 was operated to circulate air at a rate of about 36 m3 per minute to advance the fermentation, the air temperature in the upper space of the fermenter 1 reached 80 to 90°C 48 hours after the start of operation, and the heat exchange The temperature of the humidified air returned to the air distributor 5 was approximately 50° C., and the humidity was approximately 100%. The temperature of the hot water sent out from the heat exchanger 7 via the secondary fluid line 11 is approximately 50°C, and the amount of recovered heat is approximately 112 x 103 k
It was cal/hr. By continuing the operation in this manner for 5 to 7 days, homogeneous compost was obtained.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】本発明の堆肥製造装置は、従来技術のよ
うな積み替えを行うことなく醗酵むらを解消できるうえ
に、醗酵熱を回収して例えば家畜舎や温室等の暖房、融
雪など種々の用途に利用できるので、均質の堆肥を効率
よく生産するに当たって労力とエネルギーとを有効に活
用することにより運転経費を回収することができる特長
がある。[Effects of the Invention] The compost production device of the present invention can eliminate uneven fermentation without reloading as in the prior art, and can also recover fermentation heat and use it for various purposes such as heating livestock barns and greenhouses, and melting snow. Since it can be used for various purposes, it has the advantage of being able to recover operating costs by effectively utilizing labor and energy in efficiently producing homogeneous compost.
【図１】本発明の堆肥製造装置の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a compost production apparatus of the present invention.
１ 醗酵槽 ２ 壁体 ３ 扉体 ４ 天井体 ５ 空気分配器 ６ 集気器 ７ 熱交換器 ８ 送風機 ９ 加湿器 １０ 空気循環ライン １１ ２次流体ライン 1 Fermentation tank 2 Wall 3 Door body 4 Ceiling body 5 Air distributor 6 Air collector 7 Heat exchanger 8. Blower 9 Humidifier 10 Air circulation line 11 Secondary fluid line
Claims (4)
入れができかつ密閉可能な醗酵槽であってその下部に空
気分配器をまたその上部に集気器を設けたものと、該集
気器から温空気を吸入して再び該空気分配器へ送り込む
空気循環ラインと、該空気循環ラインの途中に設けた送
風機と、該空気循環ラインの途中に設けた熱交換器とを
備えてなる堆肥製造装置。Claim 1: A fermentation tank made of a heat insulating material, allowing the contents to be taken in and taken out and sealed, which is provided with an air distributor in the lower part and an air collector in the upper part; A compost comprising an air circulation line that sucks hot air from a container and sends it back to the air distributor, a blower installed in the middle of the air circulation line, and a heat exchanger installed in the middle of the air circulation line. Manufacturing equipment.
設けてなる請求項１記載の堆肥製造装置。2. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an air humidifier provided in the middle of the air circulation line.
てなる請求項１記載の堆肥製造装置。3. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is provided in the attic of the fermentation tank.
から選ばれたものを用いてなる請求項１記載の堆肥製造
装置。4. The compost production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is selected from a gas-air type or a gas-liquid type.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3100757A JPH04331789A (en) | 1991-05-02 | 1991-05-02 | Compost producing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3100757A JPH04331789A (en) | 1991-05-02 | 1991-05-02 | Compost producing device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04331789A true JPH04331789A (en) | 1992-11-19 |
Family
ID=14282388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3100757A Pending JPH04331789A (en) | 1991-05-02 | 1991-05-02 | Compost producing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04331789A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010264447A (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 2010-11-25 | Herhof Verwaltungs Gmbh | Process for biological-thermal treatment of refuse |
| US20120237963A1 (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Apparatus and method for assessing compostability or biodegradability |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55113690A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-02 | Ebara Mfg | Method of composting waste |
| JPS57123882A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-08-02 | Sankyo Yuki Kk | Horizontal fermentation cell |
-
1991
- 1991-05-02 JP JP3100757A patent/JPH04331789A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55113690A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-02 | Ebara Mfg | Method of composting waste |
| JPS57123882A (en) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-08-02 | Sankyo Yuki Kk | Horizontal fermentation cell |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010264447A (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 2010-11-25 | Herhof Verwaltungs Gmbh | Process for biological-thermal treatment of refuse |
| US20120237963A1 (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-09-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Apparatus and method for assessing compostability or biodegradability |
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