JPH04321547A - Concrete panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a concrete panel which can be produced by demolding immediately after a short-time compression molding. CONSTITUTION:The concrete panel A is produced by placing a concrete raw material 19 into a mold 20, compression-molding the material to form a formed article 24 having uneven surface pattern and demolding the formed article 24 after application of pressure. The concrete raw material 19 to be used for the production of the concrete panel is composed of cement, fine aggregate, a water-reducing agent, reinforcing fibers and water. The water-content of the concrete raw material 19 to be kneaded is preparatorily reduced by the use of the water-reducing agent. The fine aggregate is coal ash and/or fly ash having high water-absorption and easy to compact to obtain a panel resistant to collapse even by demolding immediately after press-forming.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to concrete panels used as partition walls of concrete housing complexes, exterior walls of buildings, and other general fences and walls, and particularly to concrete panels suitable for use as sound insulating walls.

0002

[Prior Art] In general, walls used in concrete buildings include cast-in-place concrete walls, or hollow sound-insulating walls made up of two sets of relatively thin concrete panels spaced apart. Are known.

By the way, when the wall thickness is increased in order to increase the transmission loss (TL) of the wall body, a valley portion may occur where the TL value is smaller than the theoretical value indicated on the mass side. The cause of such valleys is thought to be due to a resonance phenomenon in which the wavelength of the sound obliquely incident on the wall surface matches the propagation wavelength of the resulting bending vibration of the plate. It's called the coincidence effect.

[0004] The present applicant has proposed a sound insulating concrete panel and a sound insulating concrete panel disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 1-50356 with the aim of providing a light and high-strength concrete panel that can theoretically reduce such coincidence effects. I suggested a soundproof wall.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this concrete panel A is reinforced with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 1, and has a plurality of damping ribs 2 on one side.
... are formed parallel to each other at predetermined intervals, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 1 are formed in the thin wall portions 3 between the vibration damping ribs 2 so as to extend between the vibration damping ribs 2. The shortest distance B between the tops of adjacent damping ribs 1 is 1/4 wavelength C of the wavelength corresponding to the limit frequency of the coincidence effect.
, and the distance D between the mutually opposing edges of each of these apexes is set to be larger than the 1/4 wavelength C, and
1 of the wavelength corresponding to the limit frequency of the coinsides effect
/4 wavelength is replaced with 1/8 wavelength or 1/12 wavelength.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the sound insulating wall is composed of two sets of wall portions 4, 4 formed by connecting a plurality of the concrete panels A, and these wall portions 4, 4
In the sound insulating wall configured such that concrete panels A are arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined interval and a hollow part 5 is provided between them, connecting ribs 6 are formed at both ends of each concrete panel A and protrude in the same direction as the damping ribs 2. , each concrete panel A is connected by connecting the connecting ribs 6, 6 with each other with the connecting ribs 6, 6 at both ends facing toward the hollow portion 5.

Based on this configuration, when a sound wave in the coincidence region is incident on the concrete panel A, the peaks and nodes of the bending wave propagating inside the concrete panel A are suppressed by the damping ribs 2... At the same time, the reduction in transmission loss due to the coincidence effect is suppressed and the sound insulation performance is improved.

[0008]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The actual shape of the sound insulating concrete panel is, for example, 15 mm thick at the thinnest part and 25 mm high x 30 mm wide on the entire back surface.
~50mm grid-like ribs are provided and the width is 450mm
, with a standard length of 2,700 mm. Generally, such thin, long, uneven panels with complex shapes are manufactured using a pouring steam curing method, which takes a long time to manufacture.

[0009] Furthermore, the formwork used to form concrete panels is relatively expensive, and the concrete panels in particular have complex irregularities on their surfaces, so the formwork also has a complicated shape, making it difficult to manufacture. It takes time and effort.

According to the pouring steam curing method,
One formwork is required to form one concrete panel during a long curing period, so in order to manufacture many concrete panels in a short period of time and increase production efficiency,
There was a problem that many formworks were required and the equipment cost was high.

[0011] Therefore, the present applicant has developed a method for manufacturing concrete panels in which, instead of the pouring and steam curing method, concrete raw materials are poured into the formwork and then the concrete raw materials inside the formwork are pressurized and shaped. By using pressure forming, removing the pressure-formed concrete panel from the mold immediately after pressurizing, and returning the formwork to the production of the next concrete panel, the manufacturing time of concrete panels can be shortened and the necessary The idea was to reduce the number of formworks.

[0012] However, in order to reduce the number of formworks using the above method, a concrete raw material that is easily compacted by pressure forming and hardens to the extent that it does not lose its shape in a short time is required. .

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a concrete panel that can be manufactured by being immediately removed from the mold after being press-formed for a short time.

[0014]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the concrete panel of the present invention, concrete raw materials are placed in a formwork,
A concrete panel obtained by pressure molding to obtain a molded body having an uneven shape on the surface, and then demolding the molded body after pressurization, wherein the concrete raw materials include cement, fine aggregate, and a water reducing agent. , reinforcing fibers, and water, and the fine aggregate is made of at least one of coal ash and fly ash.

[0015] Furthermore, the concrete panel is formed into a rectangular plate shape, and connecting ribs protruding toward the surface are provided along the sides on both sides, and by connecting and arranging a plurality of these connecting ribs, This concrete panel constitutes a wall surface, and is characterized in that reinforcing steel wires are embedded in the connecting ribs along the longitudinal direction of the connecting ribs. In addition, the concrete panel is formed into a rectangular plate shape, and a plurality of damping ribs are formed on one surface in parallel with each other at predetermined intervals, and the damping ribs are connected to the thin parts between the damping ribs. It is characterized in that a plurality of reinforcing ribs are formed so as to span the length.

[0016]

[Operation] According to the above structure, the raw material for concrete consists of cement, fine aggregate, water reducing agent, reinforcing fibers, and water, and since the raw material for concrete contains the water reducing agent, water in the raw material for concrete is The fine aggregate is easy to compact and consists of at least one of coal ash and fly ash, which have a high water absorption rate, so that the concrete raw materials mixed during pressure forming can be easily compacted. It can be hardened and molded in a short time.

[0017] Furthermore, concrete panels formed from the above concrete raw material are arranged to form a wall surface, and the concrete panels are provided with connecting ribs for connecting adjacent concrete panels. In this case, the concrete panel can be easily reinforced by embedding reinforcing steel wires in the connecting ribs. Furthermore, by forming damping ribs and reinforcing ribs on one side of a concrete panel formed from the above concrete raw material, a panel with high sound insulation properties can be easily formed in the same manner as the above-mentioned concrete panel. can.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. 4 to 7 schematically show a method for manufacturing a sound insulating wall or concrete panel A made of the concrete panel A, and the concrete panel A of this embodiment is the same as the concrete panel A described in the conventional example. The same reference numerals are given to the same components, and the explanation thereof will be simplified.

A plurality of concrete panels A are connected to form a sound insulating wall, and as shown in FIG. 4, are rectangular plate-shaped, and have connecting ribs 6 at both ends thereof protruding to one side.
are formed along with vibration damping ribs 2 extending in the vertical direction along the one surface and reinforcing ribs 1 extending in the horizontal direction.
A plurality of ribs 1 and 2 are provided in parallel at predetermined intervals, and the ribs 1 and 2 are orthogonal to each other and are formed in a lattice shape.

[0020] In this concrete panel A,
Adjacent damping ribs 2 are provided at intervals defined in the conventional example. In addition, the distance between each reinforcing rib 1, 1 is also
The spacing is the same as the spacing between the damping ribs 2, 2.

[0021] When using this concrete panel A, a plurality of concrete panels A are connected together with the upper and lower ends attached to the steel liner 12 provided on the ceiling surface 10 and the floor surface 11. Two sets of wall portions 4, 4 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and a heat insulating fiber 13 is provided in a hollow portion 5 between them. Each concrete panel A is connected with the connecting ribs 6 in such a manner that the connecting ribs 6 on both ends thereof are oriented toward the hollow portion 5 so as to alternate with the connecting ribs 6 on the opposing wall 4. It is joined by

[0022] The concrete raw materials forming the concrete panel A are composed of cement, fine aggregate, water reducing agent, reinforcing fibers, and water. The cement is
For example, the cement may be ordinary Portland cement, early strength Portland cement, blast furnace type A cement, etc. In this embodiment, for example, ordinary Portland cement is used. As the fine aggregate, coal ash with a grain size of 0.15
Coal ash sand granulated to a size of mm to 2.5 mm was used. As the water reducing agent, a high performance water reducing agent (for example, Mighty 150, manufactured by Kao Corporation), which has a higher water reduction rate than ordinary water reducing agents, was used.

[0023] As the reinforcing fiber, vinylon fiber,
Synthetic resin fibers such as polypropylene fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, etc. can be used, but in this example, vinylon fibers (Kuraray Co., Ltd.) with a length of 8 mm to 16 mm and a thickness of 300 deniers to 400 deniers are used. was used. In addition, an admixture for immediate demolding (for example, Brocaster F manufactured by Kao Corporation) may be added.

The mixing ratio of these concrete raw materials is 80 to 150 parts by weight of coal ash sand, 0.5 to 2.0 parts by weight of high performance water reducer, and 30 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of cement.
~33 parts by weight, and 1.7 to 5.1 parts by weight of vinylon fiber. In this embodiment, for example, water is
51kg/m3, cement 761kg/m3, coal ash sand 913kg/m3, vinylon fiber 19.5kg/m3
m3, and a concrete raw material mixed with a high performance water reducing agent at a rate of 4.6 kg/m3 was used.

[0025] The high performance water reducing agent shortens pressurization time,
It is also used to lower the mixing ratio of water in concrete raw materials so that it can be demolded immediately after pressurization. Then, when kneading concrete raw materials, there is no need to add more water than necessary, and the amount of water removed when a molded product made of concrete raw materials is dehydrated to the extent that it does not lose its shape even if it is immediately demolded after pressurization. By being able to lower the pressure, the pressurization time can be shortened. If more than 2.0 parts by weight of such a high-performance water reducing agent is added to 100 parts by weight of cement in the above mixing ratio, material separation may occur, and if less than 0.5 parts by weight, the water reducing agent The effect as a result will be insufficient. Then, add 100% water to cement.
By keeping the content at 30 to 33 parts by weight, it is possible to reduce the pressurizing time.

[0026] Furthermore, the vinylon fiber is added as a reinforcement to increase the strength of the concrete panel, and even if more than 5.1 parts by weight is added, no increase in the strength of the concrete panel is observed; Even if the amount is less than .7 parts by weight, a sufficient increase in strength cannot be expected.

[0027] Coal ash, etc. as the fine aggregate is
It has a high water absorption rate and is not normally used as an aggregate for mortar or concrete. However, in the present invention, in order to pressure-form concrete panels and reduce equipment costs and manufacturing costs, short-time heating is used. Since it is necessary to remove the mold immediately after pressure forming to speed up the reuse of the formwork, compaction into the formwork is easy, and the water absorption rate is high, eliminating excess water in the cement of the compact after pressurization. Coal ash sand is effective to reduce the amount. Further, even if the amount is more than 150 parts by weight or less than 80 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cement, a sufficient effect cannot be expected. Next, a method for manufacturing a concrete panel using such a concrete raw material will be explained.

As shown schematically in FIGS. 5 and 6, first, concrete raw materials 19, cement a, coal ash sand b,
, vinylon fiber c, water d, high performance water reducing agent e, etc. are weighed and kneaded using a mixer (f).

Next, the mixed concrete raw material 19 is put into the formwork 20. As shown in FIG. 6, this formwork 20 has unevenness corresponding to the concrete panel A on its bottom surface, and the side wall 21 of the formwork 20 extends outward to the side edge of the bottom plate 22. It is rotatably mounted. Further, on the bottom surface 23 of the formwork 20, the formwork 20
The molded body 24 can be easily peeled off from the mold frame 2.
It is pre-covered with oil paper to prevent it from getting dirty. Then, the formwork into which the concrete raw material has been introduced is vibrated to fill the formwork with the concrete raw material without any gaps, compact it, and flatten the upper surface (g).

[0030] A water-permeable sheet 25 is then laid on the upper surface of the filled concrete raw material 19. This is formwork 2
When pressurizing from the upper surface side of 0, dehydration is carried out smoothly from the pressurized surface (h).

Next, the concrete raw material 19 in the formwork 20 is pressurized by the pressure plate 26 (i). A wire mesh 27 is attached to the pressure surface 26a of the pressure plate 26, and a punching metal 28, which is a metal plate having a large number of through holes, is further attached to the lower surface of the wire mesh 27. Then, when the concrete raw material 19 is pressurized, the concrete raw material 1
9, and the water that has passed through the water-permeable sheet is quickly released. Such a configuration promotes dehydration during pressurization and can shorten the pressurization time.

Next, after releasing the pressure, a curing plate 29 is placed on the water-permeable sheet 25 on the molded body (j). Then, the formwork 20 is rotated 180 degrees so that the curing plate 29 faces downward (k). Then, the side plates 21, 21 constituting the side walls of the formwork 20 are opened, and the molded body 24 is removed from the mold with the curing plate 29 facing down (l).

The demolded molded body 24 is stacked on a rack while being placed on the curing plate 29 (m) and cured (n) until it hardens to a certain degree of strength. Further, the demolded formwork 20 is turned over again (o). And formwork 2
The oil paper 30 covered on the inner surface is removed and cleaned (p). After cleaning, the side plates 21, 21 are closed and molded (q). Then, put a new oil paper 30 on the bottom surface 23.
It is wrapped in cloth and returned to the concrete raw material input process (r).

The cured molded body 24 is taken down from the rack and turned over, and the curing plate 29 and water-permeable paper 25 are peeled off (s). Then, concrete panels A are formed, products are stacked (t), and stored (u). The curing plate 29 peeled off from the molded body 24 is cleaned and returned to the step of placing the curing plate on the molded body after the pressurizing process (v).

[0035] By repeating the above steps, concrete panel A can be manufactured. Since the pressurization is completed in a few minutes by using the concrete raw material 19, there is no need to prepare a large number of formworks 20, and the formworks 20 from which the molded bodies 24 have been removed are sequentially returned to the pressurization process. By doing so, concrete panel A can be manufactured. Then, the formwork 20 for each of the above steps,
The curing plate 29 and the molded body 24 are moved by a conveyor.

The concrete panel A of this example uses the above-mentioned concrete raw material 19, especially coal ash sand as the fine aggregate, so that it can be easily manufactured by pressure forming in a short time. can be compacted to
In addition, because of its high water absorption rate, excess water in the mixed concrete raw materials can be absorbed into the coal ash sand, so even if it is demolded immediately after a short pressurization, it will not lose its shape. It can be cured in the unmolded state. Further, since excess water is absorbed by the coal ash sand, a large pressure is not required for dehydration during pressurization, and molding can be performed with a small pressure. In addition, since a water reducing agent is added to the concrete raw material 19 and the water content is suppressed to a low level in advance, in combination with the effect of the coal ash sand, the pressurization time can be further shortened.

[0037] Therefore, the concrete panel A can be manufactured in a single time. In addition, the formwork 20 is occupied only by the short pressurization process, the step of charging the concrete raw material 19 before and after that, the cleaning process of the formwork 20, etc. Since the concrete panel A can be returned to the factory and used for manufacturing the next concrete panel A, the concrete panels A can be manufactured continuously without using a large number of expensive formworks 20, and the manufacturing cost of the concrete panel A can be reduced. be able to.

Furthermore, the concrete panel P shown in FIG. 7 has the same shape as the concrete panel A, and reinforcing steel wires 31 are embedded in the connecting ribs 6 of the concrete panel P along the connecting ribs 6. ing.

In order to manufacture the concrete panel P reinforced in this way, in the manufacturing process, before putting the concrete raw material 19 into the formwork 20, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. By providing a step (v) of arranging, for example, several bundled and twisted wires (steel wires 31) along the groove portions for forming the connecting ribs 6 on both sides of the inner groove, as shown in FIG. It is possible to manufacture a concrete panel P in which wires are embedded as reinforcing steel wires 31 in the connecting ribs 6 as shown in FIG. Therefore,
The strength of concrete panel A can be increased easily and inexpensively.

[0040] Instead of or in addition to the coal ash sand, fly ash granulated to a particle size of 0.15 mm to 5.0 mm may be used.

[0041]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved. First, by using at least one of coal ash and fly ash as the raw material for concrete as described above, especially as a fine aggregate, it can be easily manufactured by pressure forming in a short time. It can be compacted, and the high water absorption rate of coal ash and fly ash allows the excess water in the mixed concrete raw materials to be absorbed into the coal ash sand, so it can be immediately compressed after a short pressurization. Even if it is removed from the mold, it will not lose its shape, and it can be cured in the removed state.

Second, since excess moisture is absorbed by the coal ash sand, a large pressure is not required for dehydration during pressurization, and molding can be performed with a small pressure. Therefore, concrete panels can be manufactured in a short time.

Thirdly, by using coal ash or the like as the fine aggregate and adding a water reducing agent to the concrete raw materials, it is possible to keep the water content low when mixing the concrete raw materials from the beginning. Therefore, in combination with the effect of the coal ash, the pressurization time can be further shortened.

Fourthly, the formwork is occupied by a short pressurizing process etc. in the production of one concrete panel;
Since it can be immediately returned and used to manufacture the next concrete panel, concrete panels can be manufactured continuously without using a large number of expensive formworks, reducing the manufacturing cost of concrete panels. .

[0045] Furthermore, a wall surface is constructed by arranging the concrete panels in series, and the concrete panels are provided with connecting ribs for connecting adjacent concrete panels. In this case, the concrete panel having the above structure can be easily reinforced by embedding reinforcing steel wires in the connecting ribs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the shape of the concrete panels of the conventional example and example.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a horizontal cross section of the concrete panel.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a sound insulating wall formed using the concrete panel.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the sound insulating wall.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing process of the concrete panel.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the manufacturing process of the concrete panel.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a concrete panel in which reinforcing steel wires are embedded in connecting ribs.

[Explanation of symbols]

6 Connecting rib 19 Concrete raw materials 20 Formwork 24 Molded object 31 Steel wire for reinforcement A Concrete panel

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claim 1: Concrete raw material is placed in a mold and press-formed into a molded body having an uneven surface,
Furthermore, a concrete panel obtained by demolding the molded body after pressurization, wherein the concrete raw material is composed of cement, fine aggregate, a water reducing agent, reinforcing fibers, and water, and the fine aggregate is , coal ash, and fly ash. 2. It is formed into a rectangular plate shape, and connecting ribs protruding toward the front surface are provided along the side portions on both sides, and a wall surface is formed by connecting and arranging a plurality of these connecting ribs. 2. The concrete panel according to claim 1, wherein reinforcing steel wires are embedded in the connecting ribs along the longitudinal direction of the connecting ribs. 3. It is formed into a rectangular plate shape, and a plurality of damping ribs are formed on one surface in parallel with each other at predetermined intervals, and the damping ribs are spanned by the thin parts between the damping ribs. 3. The concrete panel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of reinforcing ribs are formed as shown in FIG.