JPH04297308A - Tire corresponding to slippery road travelling - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible for a car to travel on the usual paved road and the slippery road by arranging snow/ice crunching means capable of projecting by the introduction of fluid pressure and retracting by discharging the fluid pressure on the ground contact surface of a tire, and connecting the crunching means to pressure loading means. CONSTITUTION:Peripheral grooves 3 are respectively formed near both sides of the ground contact surface 2 of a tread, and small-sized cylinders 4 are buried in the grooves at fixed intervals. The output shafts 5 of pistons are arranged on the outer ends of the small-sized cylinders 4, and air pressurizing pipes 6 are connected to the inner ends of the pistons. The two small-sized cylinders 4 are formed in sets, and the output ends 7 of the pistons of the cylinders 4 forming each set are connected to each other by chains 8. When air pressure is supplied to the respective small-sized cylinders 4 to project the pistons, the chains 8 are projected together with the pistons and tensed between the pistons to crunch snow/ice on the road surface. When the supply of air pressure is interrupted, the chains 8 are retracted along with the pistons, and sunk into the grooves 3 to release the slip preventing function.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention of this application relates to a tire suitable for running on slippery roads, which can run on both paved roads and slippery roads such as snowy roads.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, when a car is driven on a slippery road such as a snowy road or an icy road, normal tires are extremely prone to skidding or locking during braking. To ensure this, it is common practice to attach chains to tires and use snow tires or spiked tires.

However, attaching the chain is often difficult to work with, and it is very troublesome because it has to be done on snow for the first time on a snowy road or the like. In particular, it is particularly difficult to attach the chain to the inner part of the tire, and it is very difficult for beginners to properly attach the chain. Furthermore, chains are extremely effective on snow-covered roads, but when driving on paved roads without snow, they are nothing but an obstruction and are virtually impossible to drive on. When paved roads with uneven surfaces appear alternately, it is necessary to repeatedly attach and detach the chain each time, and the effort is unbearable.

[0004]Although snow tires can run on both snowy roads and paved roads without snow, their braking performance on snowy roads is far inferior to chains, and spiked tires generate dust. This is likely to be prohibited by law as it seriously damages roads.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, the invention of this application is designed to provide an easy-to-use vehicle that can be driven on paved roads under normal conditions and that can ensure safety even when driving on slippery roads such as snowy roads. The challenge is to develop tires that can be used on smooth roads.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the invention of this application takes the following technical means. That is, the snow/ice trapping means is disposed at an appropriate location so that at least a part of the snow/ice trapping means can protrude and retract from the ground surface 2, and the snow/ice trapping means protrudes against the ground pressure. a fluid path for applying fluid pressure to the fluid path, and a connection means to a pressure loading means in the fluid path, and when the fluid pressure applied to the fluid path by the pressure loading means is below a set value, When the snow/ice catching means is recessed into the ground surface 2 and the fluid pressure applied to the fluid path by the pressure loading means is equal to or higher than a set value, at least a part of the snow/ice catching means sinks into the ground surface 2. I made it stand out compared to 2.

[0007] Also, a tube accommodated in a groove formed on the outer periphery of the ground plane 2, an anti-snow/ice catching means disposed outside along the tube, and an anti-snow/ice catching means against the ground pressure. / A fluid path for applying fluid pressure to the tube to cause the ice-biting means to protrude; and a connection means to the pressure loading means in the fluid path, and fluid pressure applied to the fluid path by the pressure loading means. is below a set value, the anti-snow/ice trapping means sinks into the ground plane 2, and the fluid pressure applied to the fluid path by the pressure loading means exceeds the set value, causing the outer periphery of the tube to expand enormously. In this state, at least a portion of the snow/ice catching means may protrude with respect to the ground plane 2.

[0008] Furthermore, it may include a pressure loading means to be connected to the connecting means of the fluid path, and the fluid pressure may be pneumatic pressure or hydraulic pressure. Further, a snow/ice trapping means is provided at an appropriate location so that at least a portion of the snow/ice trapping means can come out and retract from the contact surface 2, and the snow/ice trapping means is connected from the inside side. a wire for winding the wire, a drum for winding the wire formed on the opposite end side of the wire, and a mechanism for maintaining and releasing the winding state of the drum,
A biasing force directed outward from the ground plane 2 and a tensile force directed inwardly from the ground plane 2 by the wire against the biasing force are applied to the snow/ice catching means, and the When the winding state of the drum is maintained, the snow/ice catching means retracts into the ground surface 2, and when the winding state of the drum is released, the snow/ice catching means retracts into the ground surface 2. At least a portion of the ground surface 2 may protrude from the ground surface 2.

[0009]

[Operations] As a result of the above configuration, the invention of this application has the following functions. (Operation of the invention as claimed in claim 1) In normal times, the pressure loading means is connected to the fluid path connecting means for applying fluid pressure to project the snow/ice catching means against ground pressure. When the fluid pressure applied to this fluid path by the pressure load means is kept below a set value, snow/ice traps are disposed at appropriate locations so that at least a portion of the fluid pressure can be exposed to and retracted from the ground surface 2. The means can be recessed into the ground plane 2.

[0010] When reaching a slippery road such as a snowy road, if the fluid pressure applied to this fluid path by the pressure load means exceeds a set value, at least a part of the snow/ice trapping means is activated. It can be made to protrude from the ground plane 2. (Operation of the invention as claimed in claim 2) In normal times, the pressure loading means is connected to the fluid path connecting means for applying fluid pressure to project the snow/ice catching means against the ground pressure. When the fluid pressure applied to this fluid path is lowered to a set value or less by the pressure loading means, the anti-snow/ice trapping means disposed outside the tube accommodated in the groove formed on the outer periphery of the ground plane 2 can be recessed into the ground plane 2.

[0011] When reaching a slippery road such as a snowy road, if the fluid pressure applied to this fluid path by the pressure loading means exceeds a set value, the pressure causes the fluid to be disposed outside of the expanded tube. At least a part of the snow/ice catching means can be made to protrude with respect to the ground plane 2. (Action of the invention according to claim 6) A biasing force directed outward from the ground plane 2, which is disposed at an appropriate location so that at least a part thereof can be retracted from the ground plane 2 under normal conditions; the opposite end of the wire to be connected from the inside to the anti-snow/ice-engaging means on which a tensile force directed inward from the ground plane 2 is exerted by the wire against the biasing force; If the winding state of the wire winding drum is maintained, the snow/ice catching means can be recessed into the ground plane 2.

[0012] When reaching a slippery road such as a snowy road, by releasing the winding state of the drum, at least a part of the snow/ice catching means can be made to protrude from the ground surface 2. can.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a tire compatible with easy running on slippery roads according to the invention of this application will be explained with reference to the drawings showing examples thereof. Figure 1
represents the first embodiment. This tire suitable for running on slippery roads has circumferential grooves 3 formed toward the outer circumferential direction near both sides of the contact surface 2 of the tread 1, and small cylinders 4 buried at regular intervals within the circumferential grooves 3. There is.

The output shaft 5 of the piston is taken out from the outer end of the small cylinder 4 toward the diameter expansion method, and the inner end is connected to a pneumatic pipe 6 as a fluid path. The small cylinders 4 are configured as a set of two, and a chain 8 of a certain length is fixed between the output ends 7 of the pistons of the set of small cylinders 4. chain 8
The length of the output shaft 5 of the piston when protruding and retracting is adjusted so that when the output end 7 of the piston is in an extended state, it is in a state of protruding from the ground plane 2.

A plurality of sets of two small cylinders 4 and chains 8 are attached along the outer periphery. It is better to keep the length of each chain 8 short and to attach multiple sets. Further, it is more preferable to arrange a piano wire (not shown) in parallel with the chain 8 so as to work together with the chain 8, since the chain 8 is less likely to loosen. Pneumatic pipes 6 connected to each small cylinder 4 are connected and integrated, and their ends are connected to an air inlet 9 which is a connection means to a pressure loading means.

[0016] Next, the usage conditions of this easy-slip road compatible tire will be explained. When driving on a normal paved road, if the air pressure applied to the pneumatic pipe 6 by the air inlet 9 is below the set value, no force is transmitted to the output end 7 of the piston of the small cylinder 4, resulting in a shortened state. Therefore, the chain 8 fixed there is also recessed into the ground plane 2.

Here, the above-mentioned air pressure (fluid pressure) setting value means that the chain 8 (anti-snow/ice catching means) is operated against the ground pressure, which is the pressure applied to tires suitable for running on easy roads. This refers to the pressure value set so as to protrude from the ground plane 2. Therefore, when the vehicle is traveling on a normal road, the unnecessary chain 8 is retracted between the circumferential grooves 3 formed in the tread 1, so that the vehicle can easily travel.

Next, when the vehicle reaches a slippery road such as a snow-covered road, a pressure load means such as a compression cylinder is connected to the air inlet 9 so that the air pressure applied to the air pressure pipe 6 is equal to or higher than the set value. . Then, the output end 7 of the piston of the small cylinder 4
Since force is transmitted to the chain 8 and the chain 8 is in an expanded state, at least a portion of the chain 8 can be made to protrude from the ground surface 2.

That is, safety can be ensured even when driving on such snowy roads. Fig. 2 shows the second embodiment, and the main difference from the first embodiment is snow protection/
The point is that a pin 10 is used instead of the chain 8 as the ice catching means. The differences will be mainly explained below.

In the first embodiment, the chain 8 was fixed to the output end 7 of the piston of the small cylinder 4, but in this embodiment, the output end 7 of the piston was directly fixed to the pin serving as the snow/ice catching means. 10. Figure 3
This shows a third embodiment of the tire suitable for running on easy slip roads according to the invention of this application. The main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that hydraulic pressure, rather than air pressure, is used as the fluid pressure. The difference from the first embodiment resulting from this difference will be explained.

Since hydraulic pressure is used as the fluid pressure instead of air pressure, the hydraulic pressure adjusting cock 11 is connected to a known hydraulic pressure adjustment cock 11 for hydraulic control as pressure loading means. When driving on an ordinary paved road, when the oil pressure adjustment cock 11 is operated to reduce the oil pressure applied to the hydraulic pipe to a set value or less, no force is transmitted to the output end 7 of the piston of the small cylinder 4. Since the chain 8 is shortened, the chain 8 fixed thereto is also recessed into the ground plane 2.

On the other hand, when the vehicle reaches a snowy road, the hydraulic pressure adjustment cock 11 is operated to make the hydraulic pressure applied to the hydraulic pipe equal to or higher than the set value. Then, force is transmitted to the output end 7 of the piston of the small cylinder 4, and it becomes in an expanded state, so that at least a part of the chain 8 is connected to the ground surface 2.
It can be made to stand out against the others. In this case, the oil pressure adjustment cock 11 is linked to a temperature sensor (not shown). For example, when the temperature drops to 0°C, the oil pressure adjustment cock 11 responds to a command sent from the temperature sensor that has detected this.
1 may be operated to automatically increase the hydraulic pressure to a high pressure.

FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a tire suitable for running on easy roads according to the invention of this application. The tube 12 is accommodated in a circumferential groove 3 that is a groove formed on the outer periphery of the ground plane 2. This tube 12 has a two-layer structure (not shown), with the inner layer being a tube layer into which air is to be injected, and the outer layer being a rubber/elastomer layer. In other words, it is designed to have a structure similar to a small tire with improved strength. Further, in order to avoid the risk of puncture of the tube 12, the structure of the tube 12 may be of a so-called tubeless tire type.

When air is injected into the tube 12 to expand it, the shape may be a trapezoid with the bottom side of the circumferential groove 3 on the long side of the trapezoid, or a shape inverted from the trapezoid. Various shapes can be adopted. A pneumatic pipe 6 is connected to the tube 12 as a fluid path for injecting air. The opposite end of this pipe is connected to an air inlet (not shown) serving as a connection means, and when reaching a snowy road or the like, a pressure loading means such as a compression cylinder is connected to this air inlet.

A chain 8 serving as snow/ice catching means is wound around the outside of the tube 12. This chain is chain-shaped and can be made of both metal and resin. In addition, in this embodiment, one chain 8 that was connected all the way around the tire suitable for running on slippery roads was used, but the chain 8 and tube 12 were divided into several short lengths, and each chain Alternatively, both ends of the tube 8 may be fixed to the groove portion, and air may be injected into each tube 12.

Further, as the snow/ice catching means, for example, a spring wire type can be used instead of the usual chain-like chain as described above. This is an elastic ring made of resin or metal, and its cross-sectional shape can be either plate-like or linear. Convex bodies are formed on this annular body at appropriate intervals, and these convex bodies bite into snow, ice, etc. If this elastic annular body is wound around the tube, it will normally fit around the tube due to its elasticity, and when the tube expands, it will follow this and protrude from the ground surface.

Furthermore, as the snow/ice catching means, it is possible to use a snow/ice catching member fixed on a tube. This can be, for example, a plurality of resin-made biting members glued onto the tube at regular intervals, or a piece in which the biting members are integrally molded onto the tube. Above the chain 8, there is a wire 17 coated with a rubber material that is biased toward both ends.
A plurality of locations are bridged between both sides of the circumferential groove 3. This prevents the chain 8 from protruding onto the ground plane 2 during normal times. As the biasing means, an appropriate method such as a metal spring, a rubber spring, a spring wire of an appropriate length, etc. can be used, but a rubber spring is preferable from the viewpoint of compatibility with the tread 1.

Next, the usage conditions of this easy-slip road compatible tire will be explained. Normally, the air pressure injected into the pneumatic pipe 6 from the air inlet 9 formed in the pneumatic pipe 6 for applying air pressure to make the chain 8 protrude against the ground pressure is below the set value. At this time, since the tube 12 accommodated in the circumferential groove 3 formed on the outer periphery of the ground plane 2 is in a deflated state, it is impossible to sink the chain 8 wound outwardly into the ground plane 2. can.

When reaching a snowy road, if the air pressure injected into the pneumatic pipe 6 from the air inlet 9 formed in the pneumatic pipe 6 exceeds the set value, the air pressure will increase enormously due to the injection of said pressure. At least a portion of the chain 8 wound on the outside of the tube 12 can be made to protrude with respect to the ground plane 2. FIGS. 5 and 6 show a fifth embodiment of a tire suitable for running on easy-to-run roads according to the invention of this application.

In this embodiment, a plate member 14 having a plurality of rows of snow/ice entraining strips 13 is used as the snow/ice entrainment means. Appropriate materials such as metal, synthetic resin, rubber/elastomer, etc. can be used for this material, but from the viewpoint of road protection, synthetic resin or rubber/elastomer is preferable. An advancing/retracting shaft 15 is rotatably attached to the retracting side end of this plate-like body 14, and this advancing/retracting shaft 15 is always biased by a spring 18 in a direction outward from the ground plane 2. . Further, a wire 16 is attached to the inner end of the forward and backward shaft 15.
A winding drum (not shown) for winding the wire 16 is fixed to the opposite end of the wire 16 by known means.

That is, the plate-like body 14 is subjected to a biasing force of a spring 18 directed outward from the ground plane 2, and a tensile force directed inwardly from the ground plane 2 by the wire 16 against the biasing force of the spring 18. power is being exerted. Normally, if the winding state of the winding drum for the wire 16 formed at the opposite end of the wire 16 to be connected from the inside is maintained, the plate-shaped body 14 is placed on the ground plane 2. You can immerse yourself in it.

When a snowy road is reached, at least a portion of the plate-like body 14 can be made to protrude from the ground surface 2 by releasing the winding state of the drum. FIG. 7 shows a sixth embodiment of the tire suitable for running on slippery roads according to the invention of this application. In the fifth embodiment, a plurality of rows of snow/ice trapping means are used. Ice biting line 1
The pin 10 as described in the second embodiment is used in place of the plate-like member 14 having the pin 3, and the other aspects are the same as in the fifth embodiment.

It goes without saying that this easy-to-run-on-slip-road tire can be applied not only to private automobiles but also to various types of automobiles such as trucks and special automobiles.

[0034]

[Effects of the Invention] The tire suitable for running on slippery roads according to the invention of this application has the above-mentioned configuration, and under normal conditions, the anti-snow/ice-engaging means cannot be recessed into the ground contact surface. This makes it possible to drive on paved roads. Further, even when reaching a slippery road such as a snowy road, safety can be ensured because at least a portion of the snow/ice catching means can be made to protrude from the ground surface.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a tire suitable for running on easy-slip roads according to the invention set forth in claim 1 of this application, and a main part is broken to explain a state in which the anti-snow/ice-engaging means is recessed into the ground contact surface. Perspective view.

FIG. 2 is an embodiment of the tire suitable for running on slippery roads according to the invention set forth in claim 1 of this application, with a main part broken illustrating a state in which the snow/ice catching means is recessed into the ground contact surface. Perspective view.

FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the tire suitable for running on easy-slip roads according to the invention set forth in claim 1 of this application, and a main part is broken to explain a state in which the anti-snow/ice-engaging means protrudes from the ground contact surface. Perspective view.

FIG. 4 is an embodiment of the tire suitable for running on slippery roads according to the invention set forth in claim 2 of this application, with a main part broken illustrating a state in which the snow/ice catching means is recessed into the ground contact surface. Perspective view.

FIG. 5 is an embodiment of the tire suitable for running on easy slippery roads according to the invention set forth in claim 5 of this application, and a main part is broken to explain the state in which the snow/ice catching means protrudes from the ground contact surface. Perspective view.

FIG. 6 is an embodiment of the tire suitable for running on slippery roads according to the invention set forth in claim 5 of this application, with a main part broken illustrating a state in which the anti-snow/ice-engaging means is recessed into the ground contact surface. Perspective view.

FIG. 7 is an embodiment of the tire suitable for running on easy slippery roads according to the invention set forth in claim 5 of this application, and a main part is broken to explain a state in which the anti-snow/ice-engaging means protrudes from the ground contact surface. Perspective view.

[Explanation of symbols]

2　Ground surface 3 Circumferential groove

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An anti-snow/ice-engaging means disposed at an appropriate location so that at least a part of the anti-snow/ice-engaging means can move in and out of the ground surface 2, and the anti-snow/ice-engaging means resists ground pressure. A fluid path for applying fluid pressure to cause the means to protrude, and a connecting means to the pressure loading means in the fluid path, and in a state where the fluid pressure applied to the fluid path by the pressure loading means is below a set value. , when the snow/ice catching means is recessed into the ground surface 2 and the fluid pressure applied to the fluid path by the pressure loading means is equal to or higher than a set value, at least part of the snow/ice catching means A tire suitable for running on an easy slippery road, characterized in that the tire protrudes from the ground contact surface 2. 2. A tube accommodated in a groove formed on the outer periphery of the ground contact surface 2, an anti-snow/ice catching means disposed outside along the tube, and an anti-snow/ice-engaging means disposed on the outside along the tube; /
a fluid path for applying fluid pressure to the tube to cause the ice trapping means to protrude; and a connection means to the pressure loading means in the fluid path, and the fluid pressure applied to the fluid path by the pressure loading means is When the pressure is below the set value, the anti-snow/ice trapping means sinks into the ground plane 2, and the fluid pressure applied to the fluid path by the pressure loading means exceeds the set value, making the outer periphery of the tube enormous. In the state,
A tire suitable for running on slippery roads, characterized in that at least a part of the snow/ice catching means protrudes from the ground contact surface 2. 3. Pressure loading means to be connected to the connection means of the fluid path.
Or the tire suitable for driving on slippery roads according to 2. 4. The tire suitable for running on easy slip roads according to claim 1, wherein the fluid pressure is pneumatic pressure. 5. The tire suitable for running on easy slip roads according to claim 1, wherein the fluid pressure is hydraulic pressure. [Claim 6] An anti-snow/ice-engaging means disposed at appropriate locations so that at least a part of the anti-snow/ice-engaging means can appear and retract from the contact surface 2, and a snow/ice-engaging means from the inner side. A wire to be connected, a drum for winding the wire formed on the opposite end of the wire, and maintaining and maintaining the winding state of the drum.
The anti-snow/ice trapping means is provided with a biasing force directed outward from the ground plane 2 and a tensile force directed inwardly from the ground plane 2 by the wire against the biasing force. When a force is applied and the winding state of the drum is maintained,
When the snow/ice catching means is recessed into the ground plane 2 and the winding state of the drum is released, at least a part of the snow/ice biting means protrudes from the ground plane 2. A tire compatible with easy running on slippery roads.