JPH044165B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

<Field of Application of the Invention> The present invention relates to an anti-slip device that is attached to a tire when a vehicle runs on a snowy or icy road surface. <Prior art> Tire anti-skid devices made of rubber or synthetic resin have been proposed in recent years because conventional metal tire chains tend to damage the road surface and make a lot of noise when running on paved roads without snow or ice. . For example, the
Tire anti-slip device of Publication No. 14763, 1976-
Anti-slip tire cover published in No. 1444, published in 1973
−Tire chain of Publication No. 90305, U.S. Pat. No. 60, Showa 60−
There is a tire anti-slip device disclosed in Publication No. 160214. All of these have a structure in which a rubber belt-like body or cover is installed in place of the metal chain attached to the conventional tire contact area, and the contact area is equipped with spikes or something equivalent to spikes. It is being The spikes are provided in such a way that they are embedded and fixed in the rubber part of the ground contact part, and have a stopper part, as in conventional spiked tires. <Problems to be Solved by the Invention> There is a problem in that spikes in conventional rubber tire anti-skid devices tend to fall off after a short period of use, impairing the effectiveness of the spikes. <Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention forms an anti-slip member by embedding a reinforcing material in an elastic body such as rubber or synthetic resin, and providing spikes having a retaining portion. , an anti-slip device for a vehicle tire in which both ends of the anti-slip member are attached to the tire with cables and fixing fittings, the reinforcing material being made of a synthetic fiber fabric, and a spike preventing the spike from falling out between the reinforcing materials. The main feature is that the spikes are fixed by positioning the parts. <Function> According to the present invention, the spike provided on the anti-slip device made of rubber or synthetic resin has the stopper portion located between the reinforcing members made of synthetic fiber fabric, and prevents the slipping off. The part that extends from the top and has an anti-slip effect on the ground contact surface passes through the reinforcing material and reaches the ground contact surface, so the reinforcing material strengthens the slip prevention part against the force acting when the spike tries to slip out. In particular, since the reinforcing material is made of synthetic fiber fabric, it can be buried with high affinity with elastic materials such as rubber or synthetic resin, so that the reinforcing material and the elastic material can be buried easily. The joint strength is high, and the restraint effect of the spikes is greater than when holding with rubber alone, or when a reinforcing material made of fabric is placed only on one side, and it provides a reliable anti-slip effect and increases the holding strength for a long period of time. The spikes do not fall off even when used. <Example> An example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a rubber cross belt 1 as an anti-slip member. 2 is a first rubber layer, 3 is a rubber-coated textile cord layer, 4 is one folded layer of the textile cord layer, 5 is the other folded layer of the textile cord layer, 6 is a second rubber layer, 7 is a spike, and 8 is a fixing metal fitting. Joint part, 9 is groove part, 10 is spike stopper part, 1
1 is a spike main body, and 12 is a tire. The cross belt 1 as a whole has an inverted U-shape as shown in the figure, and has an inner surface shape and a required width that match the tread surface and both side surfaces of the tire 12, and as shown in FIG. They are placed at appropriate intervals. By forming the cross belt 1 as a whole into an inverted U-shape in cross section, it is possible to prevent the risk of the cross belt 1 slipping in the tire radial direction during driving, and also to prevent each cross belt 1 from treading when installed on the tire. It can be easily installed with good centering just by fitting it into the holder. In addition, the thickness of the ground contact part of cross belt 1
By setting the thickness SD of the TD and the side parts to be approximately the same and approximately 5 mm or more, twisting of the ground contact part during running can be effectively prevented. The first rubber layer 2 and the second rubber layer 6 are arranged so that the textile cord layer 3 and its folded layers 4 and 5 are connected to the tire contact side (the inside of the inverted U shape) and the ground contact side (the inside of the inverted U shape). It is continuous at both ends. Incidentally, the second rubber layer 6 may have a two-layer structure including a grounding part and a non-grounding part. Textile cord layers 3, 4,
5 is a cord weave made of synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, and Kevlar, coated with rubber. Note that plain weave may also be used. When a plain weave rubber coated cord layer is used, it is more effective in preventing cracks under the spikes. The spike 7 is a pin-shaped spike, has a circular flange as a retaining portion 10, and a short cylindrical body portion 11 extends from the retaining portion 10 to one side. The retaining part 10
The side end surface is in contact with the textile cord layer 3, and the main body portion 11 is in contact with the folded layers 4, 5 of the textile cord layer 3 and the second rubber layer 6.
penetrates and reaches the ground plane. Therefore, the retaining portion 10 is sandwiched between the textile cord layers. Incidentally, the unevenness on the surface of the second rubber layer 6 substantially corresponds to the unevenness of the tread of a tire, and the grooves 9 function to prevent skidding. Spikes 7 are arranged in convex portions 13 between grooves 9. Although the metal fitting coupling portion 8 is shown in the form of a circular hole, a part of the fixing metal fitting described later is inserted therethrough and connected thereto. The woven fabric cord layer 3 goes around this circular hole portion to become one folded layer 4 and the other folded layer 5, and the first rubber layer 2 goes around the outside of the woven fabric cord layer 3, and the woven fabric cord layer 4 and the first A second rubber layer 6 is arranged to cover the folded portion of the rubber layer 2. An example of a method for manufacturing the cross belt 1 will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. This method includes
The molding plate 20, the patch plate 21 and the fifth plate shown in FIG.
The mold 22 shown in the figure is used, and the molding plate 20 has fixture fixing positions A ₁ , A ₂ , spike fixing positions B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , etc. marked in advance in the form of parallel lines on the top surface. The patch plate 21 is made of plastic and is large enough to cover all spike positions. (a) First, a band-shaped first rubber layer 31 and a textile cord layer 32 are cut into predetermined dimensions on a molded plate 20.
Stack and paste in order. (b) Place the backing plate 21 on the textile cord layer 32. (c) Attachment portions 3 of a pair of left and right fixing fittings 34 and 35 according to attachment positions A ₁ and A ₂ on the textile cord layer 32
6, 37 are placed at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the textile cord layer 32. (D) Fold one outer end of the textile cord layer 32 around the attachment part 36 of the metal fitting 34, overlap the folded part (layer) 38, and temporarily adhere it. Possible). (e) Further, the other outer end side of the textile cord layer 32 is folded up so as to be rolled up, and the folded portion (layer) 39 is overlapped and temporarily bonded. And the first
Both ends 41, 42 of the rubber layer 31 are also rolled up over the folded portions 38, 39 of the textile cord layer 32. (f) A separately prepared band-shaped second rubber layer 40 is temporarily adhered so as to cover both ends 41 and 42 of the first rubber layer 31 and the folded portions 38 and 39 of the textile cord layer 32. (g) Separately prepared tread rubbers 43 and 44 are sequentially laminated and temporarily bonded to the center of the second rubber layer 40. (h) The spike fixing position on the obtained temporary adhesive body
According to the marks B ₁ , B ₂ , and B ₃ , a punch is driven into the center in the width direction until it hits the backing plate 21 to form spike ground holes 45 , 46 , and 47 . Thus, what is shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. (li) Next, the folded portions 39, 3 of the tread rubber layers 44, 43, the second rubber layer 40, and the textile cord layer 32.
Peel off the temporary adhesive in the order of step 8 and remove the backing plate 21. At this time, attach the metal fittings 34, 35 on both sides to the portions 38, 39 near where the mounting parts 36, 37 are rolled up.
And both ends 41 and 42 of the first rubber layer 31 are left as they are. The key is to peel off the temporary adhesive on the upper side of the backing plate 21. ( _N ) Spikes _7a , _7b ,
7c, push it up with the retaining part 10 facing down. (l) In the reverse order of peeling off the temporary adhesive, fold back parts 38, 39 of textile cord 32,
The second rubber layer 40 and the tread rubber layers 43 and 44 are connected to the respective spike installation holes in the spike main body 11.
By fully adhering them while fitting them together, what is shown in FIG. 4 is obtained. (w) The state shown in FIG. 4 is a state in which molding has been completed, and this is placed in a mold 22 having an inverted U-shaped cavity as shown in FIG. 5, and vulcanized by heating and pressurizing. The recess 23 of the upper mold 22a in the figure is a spike receiving hole, and its depth D determines the protrusion degree of the spike. Note that the convex portion 62 is a rib for forming a sideslip prevention groove. Furthermore, the protrusion 24 shown by the imaginary line on the lower mold 22b is for forming a recess on the back side of the spike position if necessary, so that an air chamber is formed between it and the tire during use. As a result, a cushioning effect is produced and the effect of preventing wear of the spikes is obtained. In this way, a rubber cross belt similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with fixing fittings 34 and 35 is manufactured. As shown in FIG. 6, this cross belt 1 is attached to a pair of ropes 52, 53 as a pair of cables having connecting fittings 50, 51 so that the ends thereof can be connected to each other to form a ring-shaped body. The hook portions 34a and 35a of the tires are caulked and connected to form a ladder-like tire slip prevention device 70.
It is said that FIG. 7a shows an example of connection of the rope end of the rope 52 located inside the tire. Both ends of the rope 52 are folded back to form engagement holes 54 and 55, and the hook portion 34a of the fixing fitting 34 is swaged and locked at the folded overlapping portion, and the connecting fitting 50 is inserted into the engagement hole 5.
4, 55 and connected. This metal fitting 50 can be removed by moving the nut 56 to prevent it from coming off as shown in FIG. 7b. FIG. 8 shows an example of a rope end connection fitting for a rope 53 located outside the tire.The fitting 57 directly locks one end of the rope 53 using slide members 57a and 57b, and the rope engagement hole at the other end. A hook 58 of a metal fitting 57 is hooked onto the hook 62, and a rubber cap 59 for preventing slipping off is fitted onto the hook 58. This cap 59 has a small hole 60 in the center as shown in FIG. 8b, and a cut 61 reaching the small hole.
have. The sixth example using the rubber cross belt 1 of the example
Table 1 shows the results of an actual vehicle durability test of the tire anti-skid device 70 shown in the figure. The test conditions were: dry paved road;
The test vehicle was a small passenger car, the test tire size was 165SR13, the mounting method was on the drive wheels (both left and right), and the average speed was 30km/h.The comparative example in the table has holes made and spikes installed after vulcanization molding. This is a conventional type of spike, and the value indicates the percentage of missing spikes.

[Table] Next, Table 2 shows the results of pitching force, braking force, noise, and vibration tests conducted on a similar tire anti-slip device 70.
Shown below. Although the test conditions were different from those in the durability test described above, the road surface was different, but the other test cars, tire sizes, and mounting methods were the same. The comparative example in the table is a conventional steel chain, and the numerical value is expressed as an index with the comparative example as 100. A larger value indicates better performance.

[Table] From the results in Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the examples of the present invention obtained good results in all of the test items, and were particularly durable with no spikes coming off.
It is also recognized that there is less noise and vibration. In the climbing force test, the transmission of the test car was set to low gear, and the time required to start and accelerate from the middle of a slope to pass 20 meters was investigated. The road surface was flat with more than 10 cm of compacted snow, and the slope was 7%. The braking force test was conducted according to the method specified in JIS D 1013, and the initial speed was 50 km/h on a flat road with 10 cm or more of compacted snow. When the signal was given, the driver released the accelerator pedal, applied the brakes suddenly, and stopped the vehicle, and measured the distance from the vehicle's position at the time of the signal to the stopped position. The noise test was conducted using an actual vehicle coasting test specified in JASO C 606, at a test speed of 40 km/h, on a 100 m straight road with a flat, dry asphalt road surface.
Using a JIS C 1505 type sound level meter, measure from the center line of travel.
A microphone was installed 7.5 meters away to read the noise as the vehicle passed through the test track. In the vibration test, the vertical vibration of the axle while traveling at a speed of 40 km/h on a flat, dry asphalt concrete pavement straight road was measured using a piezoelectric acceleration pickup. In the embodiment, the textile cord layers 3, 4, 5
is formed from a series of one piece of fabric 32, but in some cases, the ends of the folded portions at both ends may be connected to the fixing metal fitting 3 on one side.
The spikes may be located near the mounting portions 36 and 37 of the spikes 4 and 35, and the other may cover all the spike mounting positions and terminate, or may be formed of a plurality of sheets instead of one. The degree of lamination may be increased.
Incidentally, the method of locking the ropes of the fixing fittings 34 and 35 is not limited to the above embodiment. In addition, in another embodiment of the manufacturing method, spike insertion holes can be made in advance at predetermined positions in each of the constituent materials to be laminated, that is, the rubber layer and the textile cord layer. 21 is no longer necessary,
Suitable for mass production. Furthermore, if the spikes of the present invention are coated in advance with a vulcanized adhesive, such as Chemlock (trademark), the degree of anchoring of the spikes within the cross belt 1 will be further improved, thereby further preventing them from coming off during use. In another embodiment, the fiber cord layers that sandwich the spike retaining portion from above and below may have a configuration in which the upper cord layer and the lower cord layer are not continuous, but are independent and separated from each other. Furthermore, the anti-slip device of the present invention may be of the so-called net type (having a fiber cord reinforcing layer) in addition to the ladder type of the above embodiment, and in the case of the net type, pin-shaped spikes are arranged at the intersections of the mesh. The retaining portion is sandwiched between the fiber cord layers. <Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention, there is provided a tire skid preventer that has extremely high durability without falling off due to the structure in which the spike retaining portion is sandwiched between the reinforcing material, that is, the textile cord layer, and also has low noise and vibration. can get. Further, by forming the cross belt in an inverted U shape, it is possible to achieve an effect of allowing the cross belt to be installed with good centering when it is installed on a tire as a tire anti-slip device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of the cross belt of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional end view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a portion of the temporarily bonded body of the cross belt in the middle of manufacture of the same embodiment. 4 is a partially omitted longitudinal sectional front view showing a completed state of molding during the manufacture of the cross belt; FIG. 5 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the mold used for vulcanization of the cross belt; FIG. A perspective view of a tire anti-skid device using a cross belt according to the same embodiment, FIG. 7a is a perspective view showing an example of a connection structure of the tire inner rope end that connects the cross belt, and FIG. 7b shows a connecting fitting. FIG. 8a is a perspective view showing the connection structure of the tire outer rope end, and FIG. 8b is an enlarged perspective view of the rubber cap for preventing slipping off. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rubber cross belt, 2... First rubber layer, 3... Fabric cord layer, 4... One folded layer of the fabric cord layer, 5... Other folded layer of the fabric cord layer, 6... Second folded layer. Rubber layer, 7, (7a, 7b, 7c)
...Spike, 10...Spike retaining part,
11... Spike main body, 20... Molded plate, 21
... Backing plate, 31, 40, 43, 44 ... Rubber layer, 32 ... Textile cord layer, 34, 35 ... Fixing metal fittings, 45, 46, 47 ... Spike installation hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An anti-slip member is formed by embedding a reinforcing material in an elastic body such as rubber or synthetic resin, and providing spikes with a stopper. An anti-slip device for vehicle tires that is attached to a tire, characterized in that the reinforcing material is made of synthetic fiber fabric, and the spikes are fixed by positioning a stopper for the spikes between the reinforcing materials. anti-slip equipment for tires. 2. The vehicle tire according to claim 1, wherein the anti-slip member is a belt-shaped body having an inner shape and a required width that match the tread surface and both side surfaces of the tire, and is arranged at appropriate intervals around the tire. anti-slip equipment. 3. The anti-slip device for a vehicle tire according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing material is a blind weave rubber coated cord layer.