JPH04268041A - High strength spring steel - Google Patents
High strength spring steelInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04268041A JPH04268041A JP4876691A JP4876691A JPH04268041A JP H04268041 A JPH04268041 A JP H04268041A JP 4876691 A JP4876691 A JP 4876691A JP 4876691 A JP4876691 A JP 4876691A JP H04268041 A JPH04268041 A JP H04268041A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- spring
- strength
- high strength
- spring steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910008458 Si—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006639 Si—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Springs (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車、航空機器、各
種産業機械等において使用される高強度ばね用鋼に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to high-strength spring steel used in automobiles, aircraft equipment, various industrial machines, and the like.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】近年、自動車は燃料費節減のため、軽量
化が強く要求されており、この要望は種々のパーツに及
んでいて懸架装置もその例外ではない。その対策として
は、懸架ばねの設計応力を高く設定することが考えられ
る。すなわち、ばねを高強度化することが効果的である
。現在、懸架ばね用鋼としては、Ｓｉ−Ｍｎ系ではＪＩ
ＳのＳＵＰ７、Ｓｉ−Ｃｒ系ではＳＵＰ１２が主に用い
られているが、さらに設計応力を高くするには、これら
の鋼種を高強度化したものを用いる必要がある。一般に
鉄鋼材料の強度は、硬度と相関性が強いので、高強度化
ということはすなわち高硬度化することである。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a strong demand for automobiles to be lighter in weight in order to save on fuel costs, and this demand extends to various parts, and suspension systems are no exception. As a countermeasure, it is possible to set the design stress of the suspension spring to be high. That is, it is effective to increase the strength of the spring. Currently, the Si-Mn steel for suspension springs is JI
SUP7 of S and SUP12 of Si-Cr system are mainly used, but in order to further increase the design stress, it is necessary to use higher strength versions of these steel types. Generally, the strength of steel materials has a strong correlation with hardness, so increasing the strength means increasing the hardness.
【０００３】0003
【発明を解決しようとする課題】しかし、ばね用鋼を高
硬度化すると靭性が低下する心配があった。要するに現
用のばね用鋼以上の硬さを得るには靭性の低下は免れな
いことであった。そこで懸架ばねを高硬度化する際に、
その信頼性を保証するには靭性も現用鋼以上にする必要
があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, if the hardness of spring steel is increased, there is a concern that the toughness will decrease. In short, in order to obtain a hardness higher than that of currently used spring steels, a decrease in toughness was inevitable. Therefore, when increasing the hardness of suspension springs,
To guarantee its reliability, the toughness needed to be higher than that of current steel.
【０００４】0004
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、硬さと靭
性に及ぼす各種元素の影響を調査した結果、次の関係式
が得られた。
硬さ（Ｈｖ）＝３９０．５＋１５８．６（Ｃ％）＋５０
．５（Ｓｉ％）＋２．８６２（Ｍｎ％）
＋２１．６４（Ｃｒ％）＋７１．４５（Ｍｏ％）＋７３
．０３（Ｖ％）＋８２．０８（Ｎｂ％）＋７９．０９（
Ａｌ％）（重相関係数Ｒ＝０．９７２）
靭性（２ｍｍＵノッチシャルピー衝撃値Ｋｇ・ｆ−ｍ／
ｃｍ２）＝６．７７２−６．１０４（Ｃ％）−０．０２
５（Ｓｉ％）−０．５１１（Ｍｎ％）
−０．０３８（Ｃｒ％）＋２．３９４（Ｍｏ％）＋１．
０３３（Ｖ％）−１．３４３（Ｎｂ％）＋９．０９８（
Ａｌ％）（重相関係数Ｒ＝０．８３３）
ただし、上記関係式は焼入れにより十分にマルテンサイ
ト組織にしたものを４００℃の温度で焼戻した場合の計
算式である。これらの結果より、硬さ及び靭性は合金元
素と非常に高い相関性が得られることが判明した。すな
わち、高硬度を得るにはＣ、Ｓｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、
Ｖ、Ｎｂ及びＡｌの量をそれぞれ調整し、一方靭性を高
くするには、Ｍｏ、Ｖ及びＡｌの量を調整することによ
って高硬度でかつ高靭性を有する高強度ばね用鋼が得ら
れるという知見を得て、本発明を完成した。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors investigated the influence of various elements on hardness and toughness, and as a result, the following relational expression was obtained. Hardness (Hv) = 390.5 + 158.6 (C%) + 50
．． 5 (Si%) +2.862 (Mn%) +21.64 (Cr%) +71.45 (Mo%) +73
．． 03 (V%) + 82.08 (Nb%) + 79.09 (
Al%) (multiple correlation coefficient R = 0.972) Toughness (2mm U notch Charpy impact value Kg・f-m/
cm2)=6.772-6.104(C%)-0.02
5(Si%)-0.511(Mn%)-0.038(Cr%)+2.394(Mo%)+1.
033 (V%) - 1.343 (Nb%) + 9.098 (
(Al%) (Multiple correlation coefficient R=0.833) However, the above relational expression is a calculation formula when a material sufficiently made into a martensitic structure by quenching is tempered at a temperature of 400°C. These results revealed that hardness and toughness have a very high correlation with alloying elements. That is, to obtain high hardness, C, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo,
Knowledge that a high-strength spring steel having high hardness and high toughness can be obtained by adjusting the amounts of V, Nb, and Al, while increasing the toughness by adjusting the amounts of Mo, V, and Al. With this, the present invention was completed.
【０００５】すなわち本発明は、重量％で、Ｃ：０．５
０〜０．７０％、Ｓｉ：１．００〜２．５０％、Ｍｎ：
０．３０〜０．５０％未満、Ｃｒ：０．８０〜１．２０
％未満、Ｍｏ：０．０５〜０．３０％、Ｖ：０．０５〜
０．３０％、Ｎｂ：０．０１〜０．３０％、Ａｌ：０．
００５〜０．１００％を含有し、残部はＦｅ及び不可避
的不純物からなることを特徴とする高強度ばね用鋼であ
る。That is, in the present invention, C: 0.5 in weight %
0-0.70%, Si: 1.00-2.50%, Mn:
0.30 to less than 0.50%, Cr: 0.80 to 1.20
%, Mo: 0.05-0.30%, V: 0.05-0.05%
0.30%, Nb: 0.01-0.30%, Al: 0.
This is a high-strength spring steel characterized by containing 0.005 to 0.100%, with the remainder consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
【０００６】[0006]
【作用】本発明における成分の限定理由は、次のとおり
である。Ｃ：Ｃは鋼の強度を高めるのに、有効な元素で
あるが、０．５０％未満ではばねとしての必要な強度を
得ることができず、０．７０％を超えるとばねが脆くな
り過ぎるので、０．５０〜０．７０％の範囲とした。[Operation] The reasons for limiting the components in the present invention are as follows. C: C is an effective element for increasing the strength of steel, but if it is less than 0.50%, the strength required for a spring cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.70%, the spring becomes too brittle. Therefore, the content was set in the range of 0.50 to 0.70%.
【０００７】Ｓｉ：Ｓｉはフェライト中に固溶すること
により鋼の強度を向上させるのに有効な元素であるが、
１．００％未満では、ばねとしての必要な強度を得るこ
とができず、２．５０％を超えると、ばねを熱間で加熱
成形する際、表面の脱炭を生じ易く、ばねの耐久性に悪
い影響を与えるので、１．００〜２．５０％の範囲内と
した。Si: Si is an effective element for improving the strength of steel by forming a solid solution in ferrite.
If it is less than 1.00%, it will not be possible to obtain the necessary strength as a spring, and if it exceeds 2.50%, decarburization of the surface will easily occur when hot forming the spring, and the durability of the spring will deteriorate. Since it has a bad influence on
【０００８】Ｍｎ：Ｍｎは鋼の焼入性を向上させるのに
有効な元素であり、０．３０％を超えて必要であるが、
０．５０％以上になると靭性を阻害するため、その範囲
を０．３０〜．０．５０％未満とした。Mn: Mn is an effective element for improving the hardenability of steel, and is necessary in an amount exceeding 0.30%.
If it exceeds 0.50%, the toughness will be impaired, so the range should be limited to 0.30~. It was set to less than 0.50%.
【０００９】Ｃｒ：Ｃｒは鋼の強度を高めるのに有効な
元素であるが、０．８０％未満ではばねとしての必要な
強度を得ることができず、１．２０％以上では靭性が劣
化するので、その範囲を０．８０〜１．２０％未満とし
た。Cr: Cr is an effective element for increasing the strength of steel, but if it is less than 0.80%, it will not be possible to obtain the strength necessary for a spring, and if it is more than 1.20%, the toughness will deteriorate. Therefore, the range was set to 0.80 to less than 1.20%.
【００１０】Ｍｏ：Ｍｏは焼入性を確保し、鋼の強度と
靭性を高める元素であるが、０．０５％未満ではそれら
の効果を十分に期待することができず、又、０．３０％
を超えると粗大炭化物を析出しやすく、ばね特性を劣化
させるので、その範囲を０．０５〜０．３０％とした。Mo: Mo is an element that ensures hardenability and increases the strength and toughness of steel, but if it is less than 0.05%, these effects cannot be fully expected; %
If it exceeds this amount, coarse carbides tend to precipitate and the spring properties deteriorate, so the range was set to 0.05 to 0.30%.
【００１１】Ｖ：Ｖは、鋼の強度を高める元素であるが
、０．０５％未満ではその効果を十分に期待することが
できず、又、０．３０％を超えるとオーステナイト中に
溶解されない炭化物が増加し、ばね特性を劣化させるた
め、その範囲を０．０５〜０．３０％とした。[0011] V: V is an element that increases the strength of steel, but if it is less than 0.05%, the effect cannot be expected sufficiently, and if it exceeds 0.30%, it will not be dissolved into austenite. Since carbide increases and deteriorates spring properties, the range is set to 0.05 to 0.30%.
【００１２】Ｎｂ：Ｎｂは結晶粒を微細化し、鋼の強度
を高める元素であるが、０．０１％未満ではその効果を
十分に期待することができず、又、０．３０％を超える
とオーステナイト中に溶解されない炭化物が増加し、ば
ね特性を劣化させるため、その範囲を０．０１〜０．３
０％とした。Nb: Nb is an element that refines crystal grains and increases the strength of steel, but if it is less than 0.01%, the effect cannot be fully expected, and if it exceeds 0.30%, Since undissolved carbides in austenite increase and deteriorate the spring properties, the range is 0.01 to 0.3.
It was set to 0%.
【００１３】Ａｌ：Ａｌは鋼の脱酸剤及びオーステナイ
ト結晶粒度の調整を図るために必要な元素であり、０．
００５％を下まわる場合には結晶粒の微細化が図れず、
一方、０．１００％を超えると鋳造性を低下させ易くな
るから、その範囲を０．００５〜０．１００％とした。Al: Al is an element necessary to act as a deoxidizing agent for steel and to adjust the austenite grain size.
If it is less than 0.005%, grain refinement cannot be achieved,
On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.100%, castability tends to deteriorate, so the range is set to 0.005 to 0.100%.
【００１４】本発明鋼は以上のような成分を有するもの
であるが、この製造に際しては、通常の製鋼、造塊ある
いは連続鋳造、分塊圧延さらに棒鋼圧延又は線材圧延の
工程を経てばね鋼を得ることができる。その後熱間コイ
ルばね成形、焼入れ焼戻し、ショットピーニング及びセ
ッチングなどの加工処理を行い、高強度コイルばねが得
られる。[0014] The steel of the present invention has the above-mentioned components, but when producing it, spring steel is produced through the usual steps of steel making, ingot making, continuous casting, blooming, bar rolling, or wire rod rolling. Obtainable. After that, processing treatments such as hot coil spring forming, quenching and tempering, shot peening, and setting are performed to obtain a high-strength coil spring.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】表１に供試鋼の化学成分を示す。[Example] Table 1 shows the chemical composition of the test steel.
【００１６】[0016]
【表１】
上記表１に示す各供試材につき、焼入れ後４００℃で焼
もどしたときの硬さとシャルピ−値との関係を表２に示
す。[Table 1] Table 2 shows the relationship between hardness and Charpy value when tempering at 400° C. after quenching for each sample material shown in Table 1 above.
【００１７】[0017]
【表２】
表２から発明鋼が比較鋼に比べてシャルピ−値が高いこ
とがわかる。次に発明鋼Ｎｏ．２５、比較鋼Ｎｏ．１２
を用いて鋼塊を作成し、圧延比５０以上で熱間圧延し、
熱間ばね成形焼入れ焼もどし、ショットピ−ニング及び
セッチングを行った。[Table 2] Table 2 shows that the invention steel has a higher Charpy value than the comparative steel. Next, invention steel No. 25, comparative steel No. 12
to create a steel ingot and hot-roll it at a rolling ratio of 50 or more,
Hot spring forming, quenching and tempering, shot peening and setting were performed.
【００１８】表３は供試ばねの諸元である。ばねの硬さ
は発明鋼がＨｖ５８０、比較鋼がＨｖ５３０になるよう
に調整した。Table 3 shows the specifications of the test springs. The hardness of the spring was adjusted so that the invention steel had Hv580 and the comparative steel had Hv530.
【００１９】[0019]
【表３】[Table 3]
【００２０】これらのばねを用いて耐久試験を行った結
果を表４に示す。発明鋼は比較鋼より応力を高めても同
等の寿命は確保できることを示している。Table 4 shows the results of durability tests conducted using these springs. This shows that the invented steel can maintain the same lifespan as the comparative steel even if the stress is increased.
【００２１】[0021]
【表４】[Table 4]
【００２２】又、表５は同じくコイルばねの締付試験の
結果である。発明鋼は比較鋼より高応力な条件の下でも
比較鋼と同等の耐へたり性を確保できることを示してい
る。すなわち、発明鋼は従来鋼より高応力で使用される
ばねに適用することができる高強度ばね鋼である。した
がって、従来よりばねを高強度すなわち高硬度にしても
、シャルピ−値が高いので、ばねの信頼性を保証するこ
とができる。Table 5 also shows the results of the coil spring tightening test. This shows that the invented steel can maintain the same resistance to fatigue as the comparative steel even under conditions of higher stress than the comparative steel. That is, the invention steel is a high-strength spring steel that can be applied to springs used under higher stress than conventional steel. Therefore, even if the spring is made to have higher strength or hardness than before, the reliability of the spring can be guaranteed because the Charpy value is high.
【００２３】[0023]
【表５】[Table 5]
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明鋼は、コイルばねに適用した場合
、耐久回数すなわち寿命及び耐へたり性が優れている高
強度ばね用鋼で、各種産業用機器に組み込んで効果が大
きい。[Effects of the Invention] The steel of the present invention is a high-strength spring steel that has excellent durability, that is, service life, and fatigue resistance when applied to coil springs, and is highly effective when incorporated into various industrial equipment.
Claims (1)
、Ｓｉ：１．００〜２．５０％、Ｍｎ：０．３０〜０．
５０％未満、Ｃｒ：０．８０〜１．２０％未満、Ｍｏ：
０．０５〜０．３０％、Ｖ：０．０５〜０．３０％、Ｎ
ｂ：０．０１〜０．３０％、Ａｌ：０．００５〜０．１
００％を含有し、残部はＦｅ及び不可避的不純物からな
ることを特徴とする高強度ばね用鋼。[Claim 1] C: 0.50 to 0.70% in weight%
, Si: 1.00-2.50%, Mn: 0.30-0.
Less than 50%, Cr: 0.80 to less than 1.20%, Mo:
0.05-0.30%, V: 0.05-0.30%, N
b: 0.01-0.30%, Al: 0.005-0.1
A high-strength spring steel characterized by containing 0.00% Fe and the remainder consisting of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3048766A JP2683960B2 (en) | 1991-02-22 | 1991-02-22 | High strength spring steel |
| CA002057190A CA2057190C (en) | 1991-02-22 | 1991-12-06 | High strength spring steel |
| US07/805,202 US5183634A (en) | 1991-02-22 | 1991-12-09 | High strength spring steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3048766A JP2683960B2 (en) | 1991-02-22 | 1991-02-22 | High strength spring steel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04268041A true JPH04268041A (en) | 1992-09-24 |
| JP2683960B2 JP2683960B2 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
Family
ID=12812404
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3048766A Expired - Lifetime JP2683960B2 (en) | 1991-02-22 | 1991-02-22 | High strength spring steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2683960B2 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5827957A (en) * | 1981-08-11 | 1983-02-18 | Aichi Steel Works Ltd | Spring steel with superior yielding resistance |
| JPH0257637A (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-02-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of spring with high fatigue strength and steel wire for spring for use therein |
-
1991
- 1991-02-22 JP JP3048766A patent/JP2683960B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5827957A (en) * | 1981-08-11 | 1983-02-18 | Aichi Steel Works Ltd | Spring steel with superior yielding resistance |
| JPH0257637A (en) * | 1988-08-23 | 1990-02-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacture of spring with high fatigue strength and steel wire for spring for use therein |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2683960B2 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
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