JPH04250877A - Method and device for separation recovering of waste mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the efficiency of a waste treatment by transporting a waste mixture, separating iron-components by a magnetized roll, separating relatively heavy materials and relatively light materials by means of elastic wires, and dividing the materials of a heavy sp. gr. and the materials of a light sp. gr. by utilizing water and further screening these materials by wind force, then separately recovering these materials. CONSTITUTION:The waste A mixed with different kinds of refuse is continuously transported by a transporting conveyor 1 and the iron-components are separated and recovered by the magnetized roll 3. The waste is then separated to the relatively heavy materials, such as glass, and the relatively light materials, such as foamed styrol and wooden pieces, by using a separating roll 6 projectingly provided with the elastic wires 7. After the relatively light waste released into the crusher 9 is crushed, the waste is separated to the materials floating on a water surface and the materials sinking under the water according to the sp. gr. differences by a water recovering rotary drum 11. These materials are respectively separately recovered. Further, the waste is divided by the sp. gr. differences is in succession screened by the air screening using air spraying nozzles 19, 20 at need, by which the waste is separated and recovered.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a mixed waste separation and collection system that separates and collects waste mixed with various types of dust such as paper, metal, and styrofoam materials to facilitate subsequent processing. It is related to.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art Dust discharged from households and other wastes discharged from various fields usually contain a variety of different materials such as paper, metal, and synthetic resin materials. Therefore, when attempting to dispose of these wastes, it is simply impossible to treat them all at once, and they are generally separated into different types, such as paper, metals, synthetic resins, and glass such as bottles. There is. Conventionally, such separation by type from mixed waste has been done manually, or depending on the type, it has been roughly divided into several types and then mechanically carried out according to each type of waste. Although different collection devices have been developed, it is possible to continuously separate more types of waste than mixed waste.
A system capable of continuous separation and recovery has not yet been developed.

0003

Problem to be Solved by the Invention The present invention deals with the above-mentioned situation, finds different standards for the various types of waste contained in mixed waste, without subdividing the mixed waste, and
The purpose of this invention is to easily and efficiently separate and collect mixed waste all at once by sequentially taking appropriate separation and recovery means.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, one of the features of the separation and recovery system of the present invention that satisfies the above objectives is the separation and recovery method that consists of a series of steps (a) to (c) below. . (a) A step of sequentially transporting the waste made of a mixture of the different types. (b) Next, the transported waste is first separated into iron and other waste using a magnet, and the iron is separated and recovered, and the other waste is further separated according to its weight and disposed of as light. A process in which heavy waste is separated and collected while sending the material to the next destination. (c) Next, the separated light waste is crushed to reduce its bulk and sent into a rotating drum containing water in its lower half, and is moved through the drum to utilize the difference in specific gravity. A process in which waste is separated into waste that floats in the water and waste that sinks into the water, and the former is discharged by falling onto the drain conveyor below at the end of the rotating drum. Each of the above steps.

[0005] In the above step, the waste finally discharged onto the draining conveyor can be further sorted and separated by wind force after draining, and the invention of claim 2 is characterized by such a method. Another invention according to claim 3 is an apparatus used for the separation and recovery,
a) a conveying conveyor which is a roll stretched between the front and rear rolls and magnetized at least on most of the outer periphery from the rear roll; (b) disposed at the terminal end of the conveyor;
(c) a separation roll with a large number of elastic lines protruding from its outer periphery;
(d) a crusher disposed adjacent to the separation roll for receiving and crushing the separated waste; (d) a crusher disposed adjacent to the crusher and having a receiving port facing the outlet end of the crusher; (e) A rotating drum that rotates while containing water in its half, and has a screw blade on its inner surface, a floating waste outlet on the rear end, and a sinking waste outlet on a part of the peripheral wall; The apparatus consists of a series of parts of a draining conveyor, which is located immediately adjacent to the rear end and below the submerged waste discharge position at the rear end.

[0006] The invention as set forth in claim 4 makes the above apparatus more suitable for practical use, and is characterized in that each of the tail draining conveyors is further provided with a sorting, separating and collecting section including a wind blowing mechanism.

[0007]

[Operation] By using the above method and device, if waste consisting of a mixture of metals, paper, synthetic resins such as styrofoam, glass such as bottles, wood chips, etc. is fed all at once onto a conveyor, it is possible to The iron content is separated into iron and other waste by the magnetized section at the rear end of the conveyor, and the iron content is recovered.

Next, the remaining waste is separated by a separation roll with elastic wires. Heavy items such as glass bend the elastic wires and fall downward, while lighter wastes such as paper and aluminum are bounced due to the elasticity of the elastic wires. It is blown away and released into the subsequent crusher. Therefore, relatively heavy waste such as Dallas is collected here.

[0009] Relatively light waste discharged into the crusher, such as aluminum cans, is crushed to reduce its bulk and is sent into the next rotating drum. Water is stored in the lower half of the rotating drum, and objects with a heavier specific gravity than water sink into the water, while objects with a lighter specific gravity than water float on the water surface. The waste is separated and advanced by the inner screw blade, and when it reaches the rear end, floating materials such as styrofoam and resin film are sent out onto the rear draining conveyor along with some water.
On the other hand, waste materials such as wood chips that have sunk into the water are discharged through a window-like outlet provided in a part of the rotating drum at the rear end of the drum onto a draining conveyor below, where they are drained and separated separately. It will be collected.

[0010] The waste discharged onto the draining conveyor may be collected as is, but it is also possible to use wind power to sort and collect the waste. Furthermore, the water collected by the draining conveyor may be allowed to flow back into the rotating drum. Thus, through the above-mentioned separations, it is possible to easily separate and recover waste consisting of mixed garbage into various types.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an outline of an apparatus system for carrying out the separation and recovery method of the present invention. It is stretched across both rolls (2) and (3), at least one of which is a drive roll, and the rear roll (3)
is provided with a magnetized portion over at least a majority of its entire circumference, or when the roll (3) consists of a double roll consisting of an outer rotating roll and an inner fixed roll, at least half the circumference of the inner fixed roll; The iron content (4) is adsorbed from the waste (A) on the conveyor, and the iron content (4) is separated and recovered in the lower collection case (5) by demagnetization.

(6) The iron content (
4) is a separation roll installed adjacent to the rear end of the conveyor (1) to receive the remaining separated waste and perform the next separation, and an elastic wire (7) like a piano wire is attached to the outer periphery of the separation roll. A large number of them protrude and rotate at a required rotational speed to collect heavy waste such as glass by bending the elastic wires (7) and transferring them to the collection case (8) at the bottom.
On the other hand, relatively light aluminum, paper, foamed steel, etc. are bounced off by their elasticity to a crusher (9) for the next process installed adjacent to them.

The crusher (9) is made of a known type including a crushing mechanism, such as a cylinder press, and receives the flung waste and crushes the waste with a cylinder press or the like to reduce its bulk; The outlet end (10) has a beak shape to facilitate feeding into the rotating drum (11), which is a subsequent separation step. 11)
A push-in mechanism is provided as required, facing the receiving opening (12).

The rotating drum (11) is connected to the crusher (
9) is disposed adjacent to the outlet end (10) of the drum, and is equipped with screw blades (13) on the inner wall surface of the drum, and usually contains water (14) in the lower half of the drum. Then, the mixed waste sent from the receiving port (12) is transferred to the rear side while being rotated several times at the required rotational speed, for example, for one minute. Waste materials such as Styrofoam and resin films are suspended on the water surface, while relatively heavy materials such as wood chips are allowed to settle in the water. The former relatively light floating matter is removed along with water from the outlet (15) on the rear wall, and the accumulated waste such as wood chips is removed from the window-like outlet (16) provided on the peripheral wall at the end of the rotating drum (11). When the discharge port (16) rotates downward, a drain conveyor (17) such as a net conveyor provided at the discharge ports (15) and (16), respectively.
, (18) Discharge to the top, drain, and collect.

Since the rotating drum (11) receives and discharges waste while rotating as described above, it is preferable that at least the walls on the inlet side and the outlet side are double walls, and in this case,
It is advantageous from a design point of view that both outer walls are fixed walls.

[0017] In addition, after draining the water, if the collected waste is to be further separated, the draining conhair (17), (
Wind spray nozzles (19), (20), etc. are installed at the end of the waste nozzle (18), and after the wind is used to sort the waste, a collection case (21), (22), (23) or (24) is installed for each sorted waste.
, (25).

Further, the dehydrated water discharged from the rotating drum (11) together with the waste is transferred to the collection tank (2) at any time.
6) and can be recycled and used by a pump (P).

[0019] Thus, by using a series of device configurations as described above, even if the waste is a mixture of various types, the iron content is first separated by the magnetized portion, and then the elasticity is used to separate the iron content from relatively heavy materials such as glass. Relatively light items such as paper, aluminum, styrofoam, resin film, and wood chips are separated, and then items with heavy and light specific gravity are separated using a rotating drum, and then, if necessary, they are sorted by wind blast to produce a wide variety of materials. Under the classification, it is possible to minimize the mixing of different types of waste, making it easier to use it for recycling.

[0020]

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the method and apparatus of the present invention transports mixed waste containing various types of waste, separates the iron content using a magnetized roll, and then transports relatively heavy and light waste using elastic wires. This is a series of systems for separating and collecting mixed waste, which uses water to separate heavy and light items using water, and then separates them using wind power and collects each separately. The work of classifying mixed waste, which used to be done separately, can now be done more efficiently in a series of flow operations, promoting appropriate and efficient waste treatment, and is extremely useful in improving the performance of waste treatment. Along with being,
Since mixed waste can be easily sorted and collected by type, it is easy to use for recycling, and its practical use is expected as part of measures to treat waste from various sources, including household garbage, which has become a social problem. This is a highly desirable invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the separation and recovery method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

(A) Mixed waste (1)
Conveyor (3)
Magnetized roll (4) Iron waste (6
) Separation roll (7)
Elastic wire (9) Crusher (10)
Crusher outlet end (11)
Rotating drum (12) Receiving port (13) Screw blade (14)
Water (15) (16) Discharge port (17) (18) Draining conveyor (19) (20) Wind spray nozzle

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for separating and recovering various mixed wastes of different types, comprising a series of steps (a) to (c) below. (b) A process of transporting waste consisting of a mixture of different types. (b) The mixed waste transported above is extracted with iron by a magnet,
Separate it from other wastes and recover the iron content, and further separate other wastes into light and heavy wastes based on weight, sending the light wastes to the next process while recovering the heavy wastes. Process. (c) The separated lightweight waste is crushed and sent into a rotating drum containing water in the lower half, and the waste is caused to sink into the water while being advanced by the rotation of the drum and the screw blades on the inner surface of the drum. The waste that floats on the water surface is separated into the waste that floats on the water surface, and the waste that floats on the water surface is discharged onto a draining conveyor, while the waste that sinks into the water is discharged onto a draining conveyor installed below at the end of the drum. Drop and discharge, respectively.
Separate collection process. 2. A method for separating and recovering mixed waste, characterized in that each of the wastes discharged from the rotating drum in the method according to claim 1 is further separated into a plurality of pieces and recovered by wind power. 3. A transport conveyor, which is stretched between the front and rear rolls and the rear roll is magnetized at least on most of the outer periphery; a separation roll having;
a crusher provided adjacent to the separation roll to receive and crush the separated waste; and a receiving port opposite to the outlet end of the crusher; A rotating drum having a screw blade on the inner surface, an outlet for discharging floating waste on the rear side, and an outlet for sinking waste on a part of the peripheral wall, and a drainer disposed immediately behind the rotating drum and below the rear end. A mixed waste separation and recovery device characterized by comprising a conveyor. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a sorting separation and collection section including a wind spray mechanism at the conveyance rear end of each draining conveyor disposed at the rear end of the rotating drum. Mixed waste separation and recovery equipment.