JPH0422071Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a compressor used in a vehicle air conditioner.

(Prior Art and its Problems) In air conditioners for vehicles such as automobiles, a compressor for compressing refrigerant is generally configured to be driven by an engine via an electromagnetic clutch.

However, as soon as the electromagnetic clutch is turned on, the compressor starts operating at its full capacity, which places a sudden load on the engine, resulting in a delay in the operation of the idle rotation speed increaser (FICD), etc. In the worst case scenario, there is a possibility that the engine will stop, and even if the engine does not stop, there will be a shock, which is not favorable in terms of feeling.

(Purpose of the invention) In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention is a vehicle air conditioner that reduces the starting torque of the compressor to eliminate the risk of engine stoppage when starting the compressor and improves the feeling. The purpose is to provide a compressor for

(Structure of the invention) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cylindrical retainer in which a gas passage hole is formed in the peripheral wall and one end is open to communicate with a refrigerant gas inlet; a mover housed in the retainer so as to be movable up and down so as to have a slight gap between the retainer and the inner wall of the retainer to serve as a flow path for refrigerant gas, and to open the gas passage hole and the suction port; and an elastic body that always presses the suction port and the gas vent toward the side that closes the suction port and the gas vent, and when the compressor is stopped, the movable member closes the suction port and the gas vent, and immediately after the compressor starts operating, the retainer closes the suction port and the gas vent. A starting torque reduction mechanism is provided in which the movable element gradually moves due to the difference in gas pressure between the inside and outside, thereby gradually opening the suction port and the gas vent.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. The compressor shown in this embodiment is a vane type compressor, and first the outline of its configuration will be explained.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a housing consisting of a cylindrical case 2 with one end open, and a front head 4 attached to one end of the case 2 with bolts 3 so as to close the opening. It is. A discharge port 5 for refrigerant gas, which is a heat medium, is provided on the top surface of the case 2, and a suction port 6 for refrigerant gas is provided on the top surface of the front head 4, respectively.

A compressor main body 7 is housed inside the housing 1 . The compressor main body 7 includes a cam ring 8,
A front side block 9 and a rear side block 10 are attached to both open ends of the cam ring 8 so as to close the opening surfaces, and a rotor 11 having a circular cross section is rotatably housed inside the cam ring 8.
and a rotating shaft 12 of the rotor 11. The rotating shaft 12 has bearings 13 provided on the front head 4 and both side blocks 9, 10.
and 14. The inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 8 has an elliptical shape as shown in FIG.
is defined. The rotor 11 is provided with a plurality (for example, four) of vane grooves 16 extending in the radial direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
A vane 17 is fitted in the vane 6 so as to be freely retractable along the radial direction. The bottom of each vane groove 16 and the vane 1
A back pressure chamber 18 is defined between the proximal end portions of the respective parts.

A back pressure communication groove 19 is provided on the sliding surfaces of the front side block 9 and the rear side block 10 with respect to the rotor 11.

Back pressure communication groove 1 of both side blocks 9, 10
9 have the same configuration, so the front side block 9 will be explained, and the rear side block 1 will be explained.
0, the same parts in the drawings are given the same reference numerals and their explanations will be omitted. Two back pressure communication grooves 19 of the front side block 9 are provided at 180 degree symmetrical positions along the circumference of the bearing (bearing hole) 14 of the rotating shaft 12, and these back pressure communication grooves 19 are connected to the back pressure chamber 18.
It is connected to. The front side block 9 is provided with suction holes 21, 21 located on the outer peripheral side of the back pressure communication grooves 19, 19. Through these suction holes 21, a suction chamber 22 and a compression chamber 1 are connected between the front head 4 and the front side block 9.
5 is in communication. Discharge holes 23, 23 are bored in both peripheral walls of the cam ring 8, and a discharge chamber 24 inside the case 2 and the compression chamber 15 communicate with each other via these discharge holes 23. These discharge holes 2
3 and 23 are provided with a discharge valve 25 and a discharge valve stop 25a, respectively. Said both side blocks 9, 10
has a passage 26 which has one end opening in the bearings 13 and 14 and the other end opening in the outer peripheral surfaces of both side blocks 9 and 10, respectively;
27 is provided for shaft lubrication. In addition, 1 in Figure 1
2a is a shaft seal member.

Next, the starting torque reduction mechanism 30 provided in the suction chamber 22 will be explained with reference to FIG. 3 as well. 31 is a cylindrical retainer with an open upper surface, and the open end thereof is connected to the inner wall surface 32 of the front head 4.
Fixed. Inside the retainer 31, a cylindrical movable member 33 whose lower surface is open is housed so as to be movable in the vertical direction.
is normally pressed against the valve seat 40 on the inner wall surface 32 of the front head 4 to close the suction port 6 by a spring 34 disposed between the inner surface of the upper wall and the inner surface of the lower wall of the retainer 31. (Figure 3A).

A slight gap 39 exists between the outer circumferential surface of the movable element 33 and the inner circumferential surface of the retainer 31, and the gap 39 serves as a flow path for the refrigerant gas. Further, an appropriate number of gas holes 35 are formed in the upper part of the peripheral wall of the retainer 31, and a strainer 36 made of a wire mesh is wrapped around the gas holes 35. Furthermore, a gas inlet port 37 is provided in the center of the lower wall of the retainer 31, and a gas inlet port 37 is provided on the inner wall surface of the retainer 31 to prevent gas from flowing out from the retainer 31 side to the suction chamber 22 side. A check valve 38 which can be opened and closed so as to normally close the port 37 is attached.

(Function) First, when the compressor is stopped for a long time, the gas pressure P ₁ of the refrigerant gas at the suction port 6 and the suction chamber 22
gas pressure P ₂ inside the retainer 31 and gas pressure inside the retainer 31
Since P ₃ is P ₁ = P ₂ = P ₃ , the mover 33 is pressed against the valve seat 40 on the inner wall surface 32 of the front head 4 by the spring 34 as shown in FIG. 6 and the gas vent 35 are closed.

Further, when the compressor is stopped for a short time due to the on/off operation of the thermo switch while the compressor is in operation, P ₁ is smaller than P ₂ and P ₃ .

Next, when an electromagnetic clutch (not shown) is turned on, the compressor is connected to the engine and starts operating. That is, when the rotating shaft 12 rotates and the rotor 11 rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. During the suction stroke to expand the volume of the compression chamber 15, the compressor rotates while sucking gas, which is a heat medium, into the compression chamber 15 through the suction port 6, the suction chamber 22, and the suction hole 21,
The gas is compressed in the compression stroke to reduce the volume of the compression chamber 15, and in the discharge stroke at the end of the compression stroke, the compressed gas is sequentially passed through the discharge hole 23, the discharge valve 25, the discharge chamber 24, and the discharge port 5 (not shown). Supplies the heat exchange cycle of air conditioners.

Immediately after the compressor starts operating, that is, immediately after the suction of refrigerant gas starts, the gas compressor P ₂ in the suction chamber 22 is slightly lowered, but the mover 33 is affected by the gas pressure P ₃ in the retainer 31 and the pressure of the spring 34. The resultant force with the pressure overcomes the suction gas pressure P ₁ and is pressed against the valve seat 40, and the suction port 6 and gas vent 35 are closed as shown in FIG. 3A, so there is no flow of refrigerant gas. Therefore, the starting torque of the compressor is extremely small.

Furthermore, when the compressor is in operation during the cycling clutch due to on/off control of the thermo switch, the stop time of the compressor is short, so P ₁ becomes P ₂
and P ₃ . When the compressor is restarted in such a state, the torque increases even more slowly.

Then, as time passes, the gas pressure P ₂ in the suction chamber 22 decreases, so the refrigerant gas in the retainer 31 escapes to the suction chamber 22 through the gap 39, and as a result, P ₃ decreases, and P ₃ and the pressing force of the spring 34 becomes smaller than P ₁ , so the mover 33 begins to descend as shown in FIG. 3B,
The suction port 6 and the gas vent 35 gradually open. This allows the refrigerant gas to flow from the suction port 6 to the gas vent 35.
The gas gradually begins to flow into the suction chamber 22 through the strainer 36, and the mover 33 receives a downward force due to the dynamic pressure of the gas flow. At that time, the refrigerant gas in the retainer 31 passes through the gap 39 into the suction chamber 22.
As the refrigerant gas gradually escapes, the movable element 33 slowly descends, and accordingly, the suction flow rate of the refrigerant gas gradually increases, and the starting torque gradually increases.

Next, when the compressor enters steady operation, the suction chamber 2
The gas compressor P 2 in the gas compressor P ₂ and the gas pressure P ₃ in the retainer 31 are approximately equal, and the dynamic pressure of the refrigerant gas overcomes the pressing force of the spring 34, so the movable element 33 is still compressed by the dynamic pressure of the refrigerant gas. The retainer 31 also descends and stops when it comes into contact with the inner surface of the lower wall of the retainer 31, and in this state, the suction port 6 and the gas passage hole 35 are fully opened.
This state is maintained during steady operation of the compressor.

When the electromagnetic clutch is turned off and the compressor stops operating, there is no flow of refrigerant gas, so P ₁ =
P ₂ = P ₃ , and the movable element 33 quickly rises due to the biasing force of the spring 34 (Fig. 3C), and its upper surface abuts the valve seat 40 of the front head 4, resulting in a closed state (Fig. 3). A). This allows the suction chamber 2
The backflow of refrigerant gas from 2 to the suction port 6 side is quickly stopped.

Note that when the movable element 33 moves up, the check valve 38 at the bottom of the retainer 31 opens and the gas inlet 37 opens.
Since the refrigerant gas is sucked into the retainer 31 from the movable member 33, the mover 33 quickly rises.

In this embodiment, the starting torque reduction mechanism 30 is provided inside the suction chamber 22 of the compressor, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be provided, for example, in the suction side piping outside the compressor. .

(Effects of the invention) As explained above, the present invention includes a cylindrical retainer in which a gas passage hole is formed in the peripheral wall and one end is open to communicate with the refrigerant gas inlet, and a movable element that has a slight gap between it and the inner wall to serve as a flow path for refrigerant gas, and is housed in the retainer so as to be movable up and down so as to be able to open and close the gas vent and the suction port; The movable element always presses the suction port and the gas hole toward the side that closes them, and when the compressor is stopped, the movable element closes the suction port and the gas hole, and immediately after the compressor starts operating, the retainer moves inside and outside the retainer. A starting torque reduction mechanism is provided in which the movable element gradually moves due to the difference in gas pressure to gradually open the suction port and gas vent, so the starting torque when the compressor starts operating is significantly reduced. and increases gradually, avoiding a sudden load on the engine, and as a result,
There is no risk of the engine stopping, shock is also avoided, and the feeling is improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a compressor showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line - - in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the operating state of the starting torque reduction mechanism. be. 6... Suction port, 30... Starting torque reduction mechanism,
31...retainer, 33...mover, 34...
Spring, 35... Gas vent, 39... Gap.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A cylindrical retainer has a gas passage hole in the peripheral wall and is open at one end to communicate with the refrigerant gas inlet, and a small gap is created between the inner wall of the retainer and the inner wall of the retainer. a mover housed in the retainer so as to be movable up and down so as to be able to open and close the gas vent and the suction port; and an elasticity that always presses the mover toward a side that closes the suction port and the gas vent. When the compressor is stopped, the movable element closes the suction port and the gas vent, and immediately after the compressor starts operating, the movable element gradually moves due to the difference in gas pressure inside and outside the retainer to close the suction port. A compressor for a vehicle air conditioner, characterized by being provided with a starting torque reduction mechanism that gradually opens an opening and a gas vent.