JPH042160B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (a) Industrial application field The present invention excavates a hole in the ground with a rotating cutter head, propels a leading pipe and a small-diameter pipe connected thereto from the wall of the vertical shaft, and drills into the ground. This invention relates to an improvement of a rotary crusher for crushing gravel in a small diameter pipe propulsion device in which a small diameter pipe is buried.

In recent years, the small-diameter pipe propulsion method has become frequently used as a construction method for burying small-diameter pipes (usually pipe inner diameter 1000 mm or less) underground, such as sewerage branch pipes. The reason for this is that the open-cut method, which has traditionally been used to bury small-diameter pipes of this kind, in which a trench is dug from the surface of the ground and the pipes are laid, increases the amount of traffic, and when the pipes are being laid, other underground pipes are buried. For example, water pipes,
This is because gas pipes and the like have become unsuitable due to problems such as getting in the way and labor costs.

This type of small diameter pipe propulsion method differs in the method of removing shear after excavation (auger type, earth removal pipe type, etc.) and the rotation drive method of the rotating cutter head, but in all methods, the tip of the lead pipe is The present invention is an improvement of a rotary crusher for crushing gravel in a small diameter pipe propulsion device using such a rotary cutter head.

(b) Prior art and problems to be solved by the present invention By the way, there are various underground strata, and sand layers, clay layers, gravel layers, etc. are often mixed together during the burying process.

In particular, in the case of a gravel layer, gravel is mixed in, and in the conventional small-diameter pipe propulsion method using a rotating cutter head of an excavator, the cutter head was severely worn, making it difficult to crush the gravel. In addition, the size of the shear after crushing was uneven, which sometimes caused the auger and soil discharge pipe to become clogged during subsequent transport.

So when we encountered a gravel layer during the burial process,
In many cases, there is no choice but to switch to the open-cut construction method, but as mentioned above, the open-cut construction method is time-consuming and undesirable.

The following conventional techniques are available for crushing gravel without switching to the open cut construction method.

First, in JP-A No. 60-37400, a large number of crushing blades are attached to the mortar-shaped inner wall (expanded inner circumferential wall 7) at the tip of the leading pipe and the auger screw 10 to crush gravel.

Next, in JP-A No. 60-192091, a rotary crusher (conical part 3a) having a shape corresponding to the conical inner wall (guiding recess 3a) of the leading pipe and having a gentle slope so that the distance at the back becomes narrower is disclosed. 4a) is accommodated in the guide recess, and the guide recess 3a and the conical part 4
Attach a large number of Katsutabitsu 7 and 8 to the surface of a,
The cylindrical casing 3 having the guide recess 3a is also configured to be rotatable, and gravel is crushed by rotating the cylindrical casing 3 together with the conical portion 4a or by rotating only the cylindrical casing 3.

Similarly, in JP-A-59-131000, a large number of drilling bits 10 are mounted on an auger head 11.

Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-26799, a truncated conical crusher rotating body 15 is provided with a large number of lock bits 16 mounted on a conical crusher casing 8.
This circular crusher rotating body 15
The gravel is crushed by rotating.

Furthermore, in JP-A No. 53-62333, gravel is crushed using a truncated conical rotor 42 and a stator 22, but the rotor 42 has a rotating shaft eccentric from the central axis, which facilitates gravel crushing. There is.

However, in the device of JP-A No. 60-37400,
The crushing blades are severely worn, and the devices of JP-A-60-192091, JP-A-60-26799, and JP-A-59-131000 have mortar-shaped crushing blades (cut bits, rock bits, and drilling bits). A rotary crusher is housed within the inner wall, and the space between the mortar-shaped inner wall and the rotary crusher is narrowed toward the back, and the compressive force due to the advancement of the leading pipe and the rotary crusher equipped with a crushing blade are In No. 60-192091, gravel is crushed by the rotation of the cylindrical casing (which also rotates), but the crushing force was not sufficient.

In the device disclosed in JP-A No. 53-62333, the rotor 42 has a rotating shaft eccentric from the central axis, which facilitates gravel crushing, but the rotor 42 itself is simply eccentric (the eccentric shaft of the rotor 42 is ), so the gravel crushing force could not be said to be sufficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary crusher for a small-diameter tube propulsion device that has excellent gravel crushing power.

(C) Means for Solving the Problems The rotary crusher of the present invention that achieves the above object is housed in a conical inner wall 9 whose diameter decreases from the front to the rear of the leading end of the leading pipe 8. , a rotary crusher 3 of a tube propulsion device with a rotary cutter head 2 attached to the front end and an auger 10 attached to the rear end, and the rotary crusher 3 has a substantially truncated conical shape whose diameter increases from the front to the rear. and a large number of circular plates P11 to P2 whose periphery is circular and whose diameter increases toward the rear.
1. A rotary crusher 3 comprising a multi-stage crusher 3 arranged in series, the centers C ₄ to _{C 0} of each stage of the crusher 3 being eccentric from the rotation axis.

(d) Embodiments Hereinafter, the rotating crusher of the present invention will be explained based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a rotary cutter head equipped with a rotary crusher according to the present invention, which is applied to an auger-type small-diameter pipe propulsion device.

The rotary cutter head 1 includes a rotary cutter 2 and a multistage rotary crusher 3. This rotary crusher 3 has a rotary cutter 2 attached to its front end via a circular plate P12 divided into three parts, an auger 10 attached to its rear end, and is rotated together with the rotary cutter 2 and auger 10 by a driving means. . The center O of this circular plate P12 coincides with the rotation axis O, and 13 is a hole for pouring water into the rock face formed by the circular plate P12. 10 tubes 14.

The rotating cutter 2 is composed of three radiation plates 4 extending radially from the rotation axis O, and a reinforcing ring 5 attached to the end of the radiation plates 4.
Upright cutting blades 6 that extend radially from the rotation axis 0 are mounted on each radiation plate 4, and 6 to 12 (6 in the example of the drawing) cutting blades 7 are also mounted on the ring 5. .

The rotary crusher 3 is disposed within a conical inner wall 9 whose diameter decreases from the front to the rear of the tip of the leading tube 8, and as shown in FIG. It is formed by stacking circular plates P11 to P2 with increasing diameters, and the center _C4 of each stage of circular plates P11 to P2 is
~C ₁ is eccentric from the rotation axis O. Therefore, the rotating crusher 3 has a substantially truncated conical shape with its central axis eccentric from the rotation axis.

A circular plate P1 having a somewhat smaller diameter is attached to the rear of the circular plate P2 to facilitate feeding of shear to the auger 10.

As shown in Figure 3 and the table below, the center of the circular plates P11 to P4 occupying the majority of each stage.
C ₄ to _{C 1} , therefore, the centers C ₄ to _{C 1} of the circular plates P11 to P4 on the rotary cutter 2 side have the same direction as the spiral direction of the feed blade 11 of the auger 10, and It is arranged on the locus of a spiral that has a different helical axis from the helical axis of the spiral.

Front plate number Center of each plate P1, P2, P3 C ₀ P4, P8 C ₁ P5, P9 C ₂ P6, P10 C ₃ P7, P11 C ₄ P12 O As shown in the table above, circular plates P3 and P2 and the center C ₀ of the circular plate P1 located behind it are located inside the spiral drawn by the centers C _{4 -C 1} , in the illustrated example, the center of the spiral drawn by the centers C ₄ -C ₁ , i.e. A circular plate P3 is located on the spiral axis of the spiral drawn by the centers C ₄ to _{C 1} , and a circular plate P3 is placed on the sent earth and sand.
~Gives directionality toward the center of P1 and facilitates feeding into the auger, but circular plate P3~
The center of P1 may be placed on an extension of the spiral drawn by the centers of circular plates P11 to P4.

The rotating cutter head and leading pipe are made of steel.
The outer periphery of the rotary crusher 3 and the inner wall 9 at the tip of the leading pipe 8 are surface-hardened (not shown) with an electric welding rod to have a hardness of about HRC42 to 55, which is equivalent to the crushing strength of gravel. is increasing.

When using the rotating cutter head 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 to excavate a gravel layer and propel a leading pipe and a small diameter pipe connected thereto,
As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary cutter head 1 is lowered rearward, the space between the rotary crusher 3 and the inner wall 9 at the tip of the leading tube 8 is narrowed, and the rotary cutter head 1 is rotated.

Then, the gravel excavated by the cutting blades 6 and 7 passes through the gap 12 of the cutter 2 and is sent between the inner wall 9 and the rotating crusher 3.

Since each stage of the rotating crusher 3 is eccentric from the rotation axis and rotates, the gravel sandwiched between the rotating crusher 3 and the inner wall 9 is compressed by the rotating crusher 3 in addition to the compressive force caused by the forward movement of the leading pipe 8. It is crushed by the compressive force caused by the decrease in the distance between it and the inner wall 9 due to its rotation.

The diameter of each stage increases toward the rear, and since each stage is eccentric, the gravel is crushed into smaller pieces at each stage and can be sent later by the auger 10.

In other words, the gravel bites into the corners of each stage and is pulled in.
Since the crushing process is performed at each eccentric stage, the crushing force of the crusher 3 is large.

Also, the rotating cutter head 2 occupies most of each stage.
The centers C ₄ to _{C 1} of the respective stages P11 to P4 on the side are arranged along a spiral locus in order from the front. That is, at least the majority of the outer circumference of the rotary crusher 3 has a special spiral auger shape, which bites the sandwiched gravel and applies a force to send it to the rear step, thereby increasing the crushing speed of the gravel. The rear feed speed of shear increases.

Center C ₀ of each stage P3 to P1 just before the auger 10
However, since the gravel is located inside the spiral drawn by the centers C ₄ to _{C 1} of each step in front of the gravel, a centripetal force acts on the gravel, making it easier to transport it to the auger 10.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, since the helical directions of the centers C ₄ to _{C 1} of most of the stages of the rotary crusher 3 are oriented in the same direction as the helical direction of the feeding blades, gravel and shear can be transported smoothly. Become.

Next, when excavating a viscous stratum such as a clay layer and propelling the leading pipe 8 and the small-diameter pipe connected thereto, the rotating cutter head 1 is brought forward as shown in Fig. 4. The space between the rotary crusher 3 and the inner wall 9 at the tip of the leading tube 8 is widened, and the rotary cutter head 1 is rotated. This makes it difficult for the rotary cutter 3 to become clogged with excavated clay between the inner walls 9, and the clay layer can be excavated without replacing the rotary cutter head 1.

In addition, when excavating a clay layer, water is poured into the face from the water injection hole 13 to separate the clay into small pieces and prevent clogging of the gap.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the entire small diameter tube propulsion device equipped with the rotary crusher of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the essential parts of the main body of the device.

In the figure, 30 is a vertical shaft in which the main body is installed, and 31 is a small diameter pipe such as a Huum pipe connected to a leading pipe.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a driving means such as a motor that rotates the auger 10 and the rotary cutter head 1 attached thereto via a gear 33.

Reference numeral 34 denotes an introduction hole for supplying water into the pipe of the auger 10, and when performing the construction method of the present invention on a clay layer, water passes through the pipe of the auger 10 and is supplied to the face from the spout hole 13.

35 is a hydraulic cylinder for moving the auger shaft back and forth, and the auger 10 is connected to a piston rod 36.
The rotary cutter head 1 attached to the tip of the auger 10 is also moved back and forth by this reciprocating motion.

37 is a hydraulic jack for propelling the main body, and the tip 40 of the piston rod pushes the reaction jack 39 mounted on the reaction table 38 to propel the main body, the leading pipe connected to it, the small diameter pipe, the casing,
Propels the auger etc. forward.

(E) Functions and Effects of the Invention The rotating crusher 3 of the present invention has a substantially truncated conical shape and is formed stepwise, and each step is eccentric from the rotation axis, so that the rotating crusher 3 and the inner wall 9
The gravel sandwiched between them is crushed by the compressive force caused by the advancement of the leading pipe 8 as well as by the compressive force caused by the rotation of the rotary crusher 3 which reduces the distance between the crusher and the inner wall 9.

The diameter of each stage increases toward the rear, and since each stage is eccentric, the gravel is crushed into smaller pieces at each stage and can be sent later by the auger 10.

In other words, the gravel bites into the corners of each stage and is pulled in.
The process of pulverization is carried out at each eccentric stage.In other words, at each stage, there is a wide and narrow change between the gravel bite and the mortar-shaped inner wall of the leading pipe. Since strong biting force and compressive force are applied to the gap side, the crusher 3 has a large gravel crushing force.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the tip of a leading pipe equipped with an example of a rotary cutter head 1 equipped with a rotary crusher of the present invention in a state suitable for excavating a gravel layer;
The figure is a front view of the rotary cutter head of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a front view of the rotary crusher of Figure 1, and Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the rotary cutter head of Figure 1 in a state suitable for excavating a clay layer.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the entire device equipped with the rotary crusher of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of a main part of the main body of the device shown in FIG. 1, 21... Rotating cutter head, 2... Rotating cutter, 3, 23... Rotating crusher, 8... Leading pipe, 31... Small diameter pipe, P12-P1... Circular plate, C ₀ - C ₄ ... Circular plates P11-P1
center of.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The guide tube 8 is housed in a mortar-shaped inner wall 9 whose diameter decreases from the front to the rear, and a rotary cutter head 2 is attached to the front end, and an auger 10 is attached to the rear end. The rotary crusher 3 is a rotary crusher 3 of the attached tube propulsion device, and the rotary crusher 3 has a substantially truncated conical shape whose diameter increases from the front to the rear, and whose circumference is circular and whose diameter decreases toward the rear. A large number of circular plates P11 to P2 that grow larger
1. A rotary crusher 3 comprising a multi-stage crusher 3 arranged in series, the centers C ₄ to _{C 0} of each stage of the crusher 3 being eccentric from the rotation axis. 2 The centers C ₄ to C ₁ of the circular plates P11 to P4 on the rotary cutter 2 side, which occupy the majority of each stage, have the same direction as the spiral direction of the feed blade 11 of the auger 10, and the feed blade 11 2. The rotary crusher according to claim 1, wherein the rotary crusher is disposed on the locus of a spiral having a different helical axis from that of the helix. 3 The center C ₀ of the circular plates P3 and P2 on the auger 10 side is connected to the circular plates P11 to P4 in front of them.
The rotating crusher according to claim 2, wherein the rotating crusher is arranged inside a spiral drawn by centers _C4 to _C1 .