JP2004238961A - Rectangular cross section excavating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rectangular cross section excavating device capable of smoothly excavating the ground into rectangular cross section and constructing an accurate pipeline with easy direction control during excavation. <P>SOLUTION: An auxiliary excavator 20 provided with auxiliary cutters 24 for excavating to shape the cross section of a hole excavated in circular cross section, into rectangular shape is mounted to the rear part of a circular shape excavator 10 provided at its tip with cutters 12 for excavating the ground G into circular cross section. A jacking pipe H of rectangular cross section is connected to the rear end of the auxiliary excavator 20. After performing primary excavation into circular shape by the circular shape excavator 10, secondary excavation is performed by each auxiliary cutter 24 of the auxiliary excavator 20 to construct the pipeline of approximately rectangular cross section. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a digging device, and more particularly to a technique for easily digging a rectangular cross section.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a propulsion pipe was connected to the rear end of a cylindrical excavator equipped with a cutter at the tip, pressed in the direction of excavation from the shaft, and the excavator was digging the ground to replenish the propulsion pipes one after another and embedded. There is a digging device that builds a pipeline underground with a propulsion pipe. The cross-sectional shape of a pipeline constructed with this device is generally circular.
[0003]
By the way, a pipe with a rectangular cross section is preferably used for an underground passage, a rainwater channel, an urban sewer, a communication pipe and the like. Therefore, the conventional circular excavator excavates a portion that is not originally used to secure the required rectangular cross-sectional area, and the cost increases due to uneconomical construction that creates useless space in the ground. It was one factor.
[0004]
On the other hand, there is an excavator that directly excavates a rectangular cross section to construct a rectangular pipeline, but a cutter with a special structure that excavates the rectangular cross section at once is provided at the front end of the excavator, and the structure is complicated and large. However, it is not suitable for constructing small and medium-sized pipelines, and depending on the condition of the ground, loosening occurs, so that additional improvement such as ground injection is required, and there has been a problem that the excavation cannot be performed smoothly.
[0005]
In addition, when excavating a rectangular cross section at one time, it is difficult to control the direction up, down, left and right during excavation due to the shape, it is easy to lift up and directional displacement, and the bit and cutter exchange during excavation also have a complicated structure Therefore, there was a problem that it was impossible in the airplane, and it was impossible to cope with it without forming a replacement shaft or a repair shaft.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve these conventional problems, to make it possible to excavate a rectangular cross-section smoothly without load, to construct an accurate pipe line with easy directional control during excavation, and to improve maintenance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a rectangular section excavating apparatus suitable for constructing a good medium-sized pipe.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The configuration of the present invention that has solved such a problem includes:
1) An excavator that connects a propulsion pipe to the rear end of an excavator and presses the excavator in the direction of excavation to construct a pipeline in the ground by successively adding propulsion pipes having a rectangular cross section while excavating the ground with the excavator. The excavator was provided with an auxiliary cutter for excavating the cross section of a drilled hole excavated to a circular cross section into a substantially rectangular cross section at the rear of a circular excavator having a cutter for excavating the ground to a circular cross section at the tip. A structure with an auxiliary excavator attached, a propulsion pipe with a rectangular cross section connected to the rear end of the auxiliary excavator, and a primary excavation into a circular cross section with a circular excavator, followed by an auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator into a substantially rectangular cross section. 2) A rectangular cross section excavating apparatus characterized by being able to construct a pipe having a substantially rectangular cross section by excavation 2) Excavating the earth and sand excavated by the auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator on the rear surface of the circular excavator. Set up a sediment intake and sediment intake path to take in the dirt 3) A rectangular cross section excavating apparatus according to the above 1) 3) A discharging channel is provided at a central portion surrounded by each auxiliary cutter, and an opening / closing window is detachably provided on the discharging channel. The rectangular section excavating device according to 2), wherein the cutter can be replaced. 4) A crushing bit is provided on the rear surface of the circular excavator in front of each auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator. The rectangular section excavating apparatus according to any one of the above 1) to 3), which can be finely crushed 5) The casing of the auxiliary excavator has the same shape and the same size as the propulsion pipe, and a shaping blade is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the front end of the casing. The drilling device with a rectangular cross section according to any one of the above 1) to 4), wherein the drilling hole enables the propulsion pipe to be smoothly propelled. The auxiliary cutter is provided at the four corners of the casing of the auxiliary excavator, and the rectangular cross-section propulsion device according to any one of the above 1) to 5) 7) The auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator has a plurality of cutters mounted on a rotating shaft. The rectangular cross-section propulsion device according to any one of the above 1) to 5), wherein the auxiliary cutter has a structure, and the auxiliary cutter is provided vertically in the left-right direction or in the up-down direction of the casing of the auxiliary excavator.
[0008]
[Action]
According to the present invention, after primary excavation in a circular cross section with a circular excavator, secondary excavation at the four corners with the auxiliary cutter of the rear auxiliary excavator enables continuous smooth excavation without load on any ground. Since the front is a circular excavator, the direction control can be easily performed and an accurate pipeline is constructed as in the related art, and the rear is a rectangular excavator, so that rolling due to reaction force during excavation hardly occurs. In addition, the replacement and inspection of the auxiliary cutter can be performed directly from the opening / closing window of the earth discharging path, and the maintenance is excellent.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
On the rear surface of the circular excavator of the present invention, a sediment inlet is provided for smoothly processing the sediment excavated by the auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator, and the sediment taken in from the sediment intake is provided in the auxiliary excavator. A sediment intake path for guiding to the discharge path is provided. In addition, this discharge channel is provided at the center surrounded by each auxiliary cutter, and by providing an opening / closing window in the discharge channel, the replacement and inspection work of the auxiliary cutter on the outer periphery of the discharge channel can be easily performed directly from inside the machine, and the maintainability is improved. improves.
[0010]
By providing a crushing bit on the rear surface of the circular excavator facing each auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator, it becomes possible to further finely crush the earth and sand excavated by the auxiliary cutter with the crushing bit and to discharge smoothly. In addition, it is preferable to provide a shaping blade on the outer peripheral edge of the casing front end of the auxiliary excavator, since the ground can be excavated into a more accurate rectangle after secondary excavation by the auxiliary cutter, and the propulsion pipe can be propelled without any load.
[0011]
As an auxiliary cutter, an auger screw in which a spiral blade provided with a bit is attached to a rotating shaft is generally used, but a structure in which one or a plurality of cutters are attached to a rotating shaft is provided vertically or horizontally horizontally. It is preferable that a corner portion is excavated to a shape close to a right angle with a cutting edge of a cutter, and a more accurate and wide duct having a rectangular cross section can be constructed.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a rectangular section excavator of an embodiment, FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view of an auxiliary excavator of the embodiment, FIG. 3 is a front view of a circular excavator of the embodiment, and FIG. , FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a driving mechanism of the auxiliary cutter of the embodiment, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a propulsion pipe of the embodiment, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing excavation by a rectangular excavating apparatus of the embodiment, FIG. 10 to 10 are sectional views taken along lines AA, BB, and CC in FIG. 7, and FIG.
[0013]
In the figure, 10 is a circular excavator, 11 is a casing, 12 is a cutter, 13 is a casing, 14 is a directional control jack, 15 is a soil discharge path, 16 is a pressure valve, 17 is a sediment intake port, and 18 is a sediment intake path. , 19 is a crushing bit, 20 is an auxiliary excavator, 21 is a casing, 22 is an earth removal path, 23 is an opening / closing window, 24 is an auxiliary cutter, 24a is a rotating shaft, 24b is a spiral blade, 24c is a bit, 24d is a driven sprocket, 25 is a motor, 25a is a drive sprocket, 26 is a drive chain, 27 is a shaping blade, G is ground, Ga is earth and sand, H is a propulsion pipe, and S is a drill hole.
[0014]
The circular excavator 10 according to the present embodiment has a total length of 3 to 5 m, and a cutter 12 that rotates along the outer periphery is radially provided at the tip of a cylindrical casing 11 as shown in FIGS. A casing 13 having the same diameter is provided at the rear end of the casing 11 so that the tip can be adjusted up, down, left and right by a direction control jack 14. 15, a balloon-shaped pressure valve 16 for adjusting the earth discharging pressure is provided, and a sediment inlet 17 and a sediment intake passage 18 are provided on the rear surface of the casing 13 to temporarily store the sediment Ga taken into the rear of the casing 13. A crushing bit 19 is provided near the sediment intake 17 as a storage room.
[0015]
The auxiliary excavator 20 is provided with a discharge channel 22 communicating with the discharge channel 15 of the circular excavator 10 at the center of a casing 21 having a substantially rectangular cross section as shown in FIGS. Auxiliary cutter 24 configured as an auger screw by attaching a spiral blade 24b provided with a bit 24c to a rotating shaft 24a having a driven sprocket 24d attached to the rear end of the casing 21 at the rear end of the casing 21 is provided with an opening / closing window 23 detachably. A motor 25 having a driving sprocket 25a is provided on the left and right sides in a casing 21 and a driving chain 26 is suspended between upper and lower driven sprockets 24d to mesh with each driving sprocket 25a. A shaping blade 27 is attached to the periphery.
[0016]
In the present embodiment, the circular excavator 10 is pushed forward with a hydraulic jack in the starting shaft, and the ground G is primarily excavated in a circular cross section corresponding to the length (3 to 5 m) of the casings 11 and 13 as shown in FIGS. I do. After the primary excavation is completed, the auxiliary excavator 20 is connected to the rear end of the casing 13 and the propulsion pipe H is connected to the rear end. After operating the motor 25, each auxiliary cutter 24 is rotated to push out the propulsion pipe H. Next, the corner portion of the drilled hole S having a circular cross section previously drilled by each auxiliary cutter 24 is secondarily drilled to shape the drilled hole S into a substantially rectangular cross section, and the subsequent propulsion pipe H is embedded in the drilled hole. Let it. Thereafter, another propulsion pipe H is added one after another, and the above-described steps are repeated to construct a pipe having a rectangular cross section to be obtained.
[0017]
Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, after the primary excavation is performed on the circular cross section by the circular excavator 10, the corner portion is secondarily excavated by the auxiliary cutter 24 of the rear auxiliary excavator 20, so that any ground may be used. It can continuously excavate smoothly without load, the front is a circular excavator, so it is easy to control the direction as before and an accurate pipeline is constructed, and the rear is a rectangular excavator, so it can be used for excavation. Rolling due to reaction force is unlikely to occur.
[0018]
In addition, a sediment inlet 17 for taking in the sediment Ga excavated by the auxiliary cutter 24 of the auxiliary excavator 20 is provided on the rear surface of the circular excavator 10. Can be processed smoothly. Further, since the discharging channel 22 is provided at the center surrounded by the auxiliary cutters 24, the opening / closing window 23 of the discharging channel 22 is removed so that the auxiliary cutter 24 can be easily replaced and inspected, thereby improving the maintenance.
[0019]
Further, since the crushing bits 19 are provided on the rear surface of the circular excavator 10 facing the respective auxiliary cutters 24 of the auxiliary excavator 20, the soil Ga excavated by the auxiliary cutters 24 is further finely crushed by the crushing bits 19 and smoothly discharged. Becomes possible. Further, since the shaping blade 27 is provided at the outer peripheral edge of the front end of the auxiliary excavator 20, the ground G can be excavated into a more accurate rectangle after secondary excavation by the auxiliary cutter 24, and the propulsion pipe H can be embedded without any load.
[0020]
12 to 14 show another example of the auxiliary excavator of the embodiment. FIG. 12 is a plan view of an auxiliary cutter of another example of the embodiment, FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an auxiliary excavator of another example of the embodiment, and FIG. 14 is a sectional view of an auxiliary excavator of another example of the embodiment. is there. In the figure, 25b is a bevel gear, 28 is an auxiliary cutter, 28a is a rotating shaft, 28b is a cutter, 28c is a bit, and 28d is a bevel gear.
[0021]
In another example of the embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, a plurality of cross-shaped cutters 28b of different diameters each having a tip at upper and lower portions of a vertical rotating shaft 28a and a bit 28c at upper and lower surfaces are axially mounted. A pair of left and right auxiliary cutters 28 each having a bevel gear 28d pivotally mounted in the center thereof, and the same pair of auxiliary cutters 28 are pivotally supported on the front left and right sides of the casing 21 to be pivotally mounted on the motor 25 and the bevel gear 28d. And are engaged.
[0022]
Since the other example of the embodiment is configured as described above, by rotating the cutter 28b horizontally with the vertical rotation shaft 28a, the corner portion of the hole S is formed at a right angle as compared with the embodiment as shown in FIG. It is possible to construct a more accurate and wide duct with a rectangular cross section. The auxiliary cutter 28 is not limited to the vertical, and the same accurate pipe line can be constructed regardless of whether the auxiliary cutter 28 is supported horizontally or vertically and horizontally. In addition, reference numerals and configurations are the same as those of the embodiment.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the primary excavation in the circular cross section is followed by the secondary excavation in which the corner portion is continuously excavated, so that the ground can be excavated smoothly in the rectangular cross section without load, and It is possible to provide a rectangular cross section excavator with good maintainability and capable of easily constructing an accurate pipe line during direction excavation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a rectangular section digging device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged explanatory view of the auxiliary excavator of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the circular excavator according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the auxiliary excavator of the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a driving mechanism of the auxiliary cutter according to the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a propulsion pipe according to the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing excavation by the rectangular section excavation apparatus of the embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 7;
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of drilling of an example.
FIG. 12 is a plan view of an auxiliary cutter according to another example of the embodiment.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of an auxiliary excavator according to another example of the embodiment.
FIG. 14 is a sectional view of an auxiliary excavator according to another example of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Circular excavator 11 Casing 12 Cutter 13 Casing 14 Direction control jack 15 Discharge path 16 Pressure valve 17 Sediment intake 18 Sediment intake path 19 Crushing bit 20 Auxiliary excavator 21 Casing 22 Discharge path 23 Opening window 24 Auxiliary cutter 24a Rotation Shaft 24b spiral blade 24c bit 24d driven sprocket 25 motor 25a drive sprocket 25b bevel gear 26 drive chain 27 shaping blade 28 auxiliary cutter 28a rotating shaft 28b cutter 28c bit 28d bevel gear G ground Ga earth and sand H propulsion pipe S drilling

Claims (7)

In the excavating device, a propulsion pipe is connected to a rear end of the excavator and pressed in the excavation direction, and while excavating the ground with the excavator, a propulsion pipe having a rectangular cross section is successively added to construct a pipeline in the ground. Auxiliary excavation equipped with an auxiliary cutter that excavates the drill into a substantially rectangular cross section at the back of a circular excavator equipped with a cutter at the tip of the excavator to excavate the ground into a circular cross section The excavator is connected to a propulsion pipe with a rectangular section at the rear end of the excavator. The primary excavation is performed on the circular section using a circular excavator, and then the secondary excavator is used on the auxiliary cutter. A rectangular cross section excavating apparatus characterized in that a pipe having a substantially rectangular cross section can be constructed by doing so. The rectangular section excavating device according to claim 1, further comprising a sediment intake port and a sediment intake path for taking earth and sand excavated by the auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator into a discharge path of the excavator on a rear surface of the circular excavator. 3. A discharge channel is provided at a central portion surrounded by each auxiliary cutter, and an opening / closing window is detachably provided on the discharge channel, and the auxiliary cutter on the outer periphery of the discharge channel can be replaced by removing the opening / closing window. Rectangular section excavator. A rectangular section excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a crushing bit is provided on a rear surface of the circular excavator in front of each auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator, and the earth and sand excavated by the auxiliary cutter can be finely crushed by the crushing bit. . 5. A cross section of a casing of the auxiliary excavator has the same shape and the same size as the propulsion pipe, and a shaping blade is provided on an outer peripheral edge of a front end of the casing so that a drilling hole can be formed so that the propulsion pipe can be propelled smoothly. Or a rectangular section excavation device as described above. The rectangular cross-section propulsion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator is an auger screw having a bit attached thereto, and the auxiliary cutter is provided at four corners of a casing of the auxiliary excavator. The rectangular cross-section according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the auxiliary cutter of the auxiliary excavator has a structure in which a plurality of cutters are mounted on a rotating shaft, and the auxiliary cutter is provided vertically or horizontally or vertically on the casing of the auxiliary excavator. Propulsion device.

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