JPH04211313A - Fish reef for spiny lobster utilizing water-permeable concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a fish reef for spiny lobsters, capable of producing moderate tidal currents in the fish reef, having both spaces where the spiny lobsters freely behave and foreign enemies are incapable of invading after the spiny lobsters enter and places where the spiny lobsters hide themselves and having a sufficient structural strength without peeling algae, seaweeds, etc., sticking to the surface. CONSTITUTION:A fish reef for spiny lobsters is obtained by inserting and fixing plural support pedestals (12a), (14a)... composed of super hard kneaded concrete between plural pieces of similar super hard kneaded concrete, forming shaped units 11, 13... in many stages, forming hollow chambers 25, 26... where tidal currents communicate along straight lines facing to the inside of the aforementioned shaped units and simultaneously providing openings (11a) for admitting the spiny lobsters into the aforementioned hollow chambers at nearly the central positions in the lowermost stage of the above-mentioned shaped units. The dimensions (S1) in the vertical directions at nearly the central positions of the aforementioned hollow chambers is formed to about 2 times the dimensions (S2) in the vertical directions of windows opened and formed in the mutual opposite surfaces of the fish reef.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention utilizes water-permeable concrete to firmly root algae, seaweed, etc. that adhere to the surface, while also allowing current to flow inside and allowing spiny lobsters to move freely. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a fish reef for cultivating spiny lobsters that has a structure in which they can hide.

0002

[Prior Art] Since our country is surrounded by the sea,
Seafood has been consumed as a major protein source since ancient times. On the other hand, a large amount of industrial wastewater flows into the coastal areas of nearby seas, polluting the seawater, which is having a negative impact on the catch of seafood. Therefore, in recent years, attempts have been made to install artificial reefs in the sea and allow algae, seaweed, etc. to take root on these artificial reefs in an attempt to guide seafood back to coastal areas. Development research has been carried out and has achieved considerable results.

[0003] The artificial reefs include seaweed reefs, shellfish reefs,
There are fish reefs, etc., and the materials for these fish reefs are generally shaped bodies made of ready-mixed concrete, cast steel, ceramics, plastic, etc., and the shape of the shaped bodies depends on the ocean currents and seabed conditions. Various products are manufactured and used.

[0004] When these artificial fish reefs are immersed in the sea,
Algae, seaweed, etc. adhere to the surface and grow. As a result, small shrimp, shellfish, and fish gather, which attracts mesosized organisms that eat these small organisms, and in turn attracts large organisms that eat these mesosized organisms. By repeating this process, many fish and shellfish gather on the reef, so the stocks of these fish and shellfish can be increased. In order to make it easier for algae, seaweed, etc. to adhere to the artificial reef, attempts have also been made to form irregularities on the surface of the artificial reef in advance so that the algae, etc. can settle thereon.

[0005]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, among such conventional artificial fish reefs, fish reefs specifically designed for the purpose of growing spiny lobsters have been proposed and tested by various companies and research institutes. However, the current situation is that no significant effect has been achieved in any of the Ise lobster reefs. In other words, the essential conditions required for a spiny lobster reef are that there is a moderate current within the reef, the water is clean, that foreign enemies cannot enter once the spiny lobster has entered the reef, and that the spiny lobster can move freely within the reef. There must be enough space and a place for the spiny lobsters to hide, and the shellfish, algae, and seaweed that the spiny lobsters feed on can be attached to the reef and not be detached by the current.

On the other hand, conventional fish reefs are generally made of ready-mixed concrete, cast steel, ceramics, plastic, etc., and even if algae, seaweed, etc. adhere to the surface, they will not be affected by ocean currents during the growth process. These algae, seaweeds, etc. are often washed away, resulting in a low colonization rate.Furthermore, the above-mentioned essential conditions required for a spiny lobster reef, such as a moderate tidal current, cannot be met, so the reef is It has the disadvantage that the effect of inducing spiny lobster cannot be obtained. In particular, when fresh concrete is used as the material, there is a problem in that lye is difficult to remove from the fresh concrete after molding, and the strength is easily deteriorated. Furthermore, when the spiny lobsters are gathered together, they are susceptible to poaching.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention solves the problems that conventional artificial fish reefs have, fully satisfies the above-mentioned essential conditions required for a spiny lobster reef, and carries out the collective growth of spiny lobster. The purpose of this project is to create a fish reef that can be used for fishing, and prevent damage from poaching.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention first provides a structure in which a similar structure is formed between a plurality of pieces of water-permeable concrete having openings of a predetermined appropriate shape. Multiple supports made of permeable concrete are interposed and fixed to form a multi-tiered shaped body, and inside the shaped body a hollow chamber is formed in which the tidal currents communicate with each other along the straight line facing the fish reef. At the same time, an opening for the spiny lobster to enter the hollow chamber is provided at the lowest stage of the shaped body, and the vertical dimension at approximately the center position of the hollow chamber is
The Ise lobster reef is constructed using water-permeable concrete that is approximately twice the vertical dimension of windows formed on opposing sides of the reef. Furthermore, according to claim 2,
The vertical dimension at approximately the center position of the hollow chamber is 14
0 to 200 mm, and the vertical dimension of the window formed on the opposing surfaces of the fish reef is set to be 70 to 100 mm. The Ise lobster reef is constructed using permeable concrete with porosity, which is made by adding a certain amount of granular aggregate such as limestone and silica stone, and if necessary, cement setting agent and surface stabilizer. There is. Furthermore, claim 4
Accordingly, the above-mentioned shaped body contains 20-25% by weight of cement, 75-80% by weight of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone crushed into a predetermined mesh, and 0-0.6% by weight of cement coagulant.
The structure is made of water-permeable concrete that is integrally formed with the remainder of water added.

[0009]

[Operation] According to the present invention having the above structure, when a fish reef is immersed in the sea, shellfish, algae, and seaweed, which are food for spiny lobsters, adhere to the surface and each hollow part of the fish reef, and these shellfish and algae In addition to not separating the reefs, the hollow chambers are formed in which the tidal currents communicate with each other along the facing straight lines of the reef, so that the tidal currents that enter through the windows formed on the opposing sides of the reef can circulate within the reef appropriately.

[0010]Furthermore, the fish reef is constructed by using a multi-stage shaped body obtained by inserting and fixing a plurality of supports made of similar water-permeable concrete between a plurality of water-permeable concrete as the basic structure. Because of this, lye can be easily removed from the concrete compared to when ordinary ready-mixed concrete is used, and sufficient structural strength can be obtained, so that the reef will not deteriorate even during long-term use.

Furthermore, since the vertical dimension at the approximate center of the hollow chamber is approximately twice the vertical dimension of each window, there is space for the spiny lobster to move freely within the fish reef, and Multiple support stands inserted and fixed inside provide a place for the spiny lobster to hide. Furthermore, since the vertical dimension of the window is 70 to 100 mm, large predator fish cannot enter through the window after the spiny lobster has entered the reef, which prevents poaching and prevents the collection of spiny lobster. The effect is that the action is enhanced.

0012

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows a fish reef 1 for spiny lobster according to the present invention.
This fish reef 1 is constructed using permeable concrete, and in the illustrated example is a square measuring 2.5 m x 2.5 m in plan view and 1.4 m in height. It has the shape of

A suitable space is formed inside the fish reef 1, as will be described later, and a large number of windows 2, 2 are provided on the opposing outer wall surfaces of one side of the fish reef 1, communicating with the space. ... are formed, and a large number of windows 3, 3 are similarly formed on the opposing outer wall surface of the other side of the fish reef 1, which communicate with the above-mentioned space.
...is being formed. The above windows 2, 2... and windows 3, 3...
are formed with openings for the purpose of allowing the tidal current to flow linearly in the directions facing each other within the fish reef 1. A plurality of drainage holes 4, 4, . . . are provided in the top plate 33 constituting the fish reef 1.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. There are openings 11a, 11a for the Ise lobster to enter near the approximate center of the
is formed. That is, since the fish reef 1 is placed on the boulders 8, 8 on the seabed, a gap is formed between the fish reef 1 and the seabed by the boulders 8, 8, and this gap and the opening are The setting is such that the spiny lobster enters the fish reef 1 via the sections 11a, 11a.

[0015] First stage supports 12a, 12a made of water-permeable concrete and integral with the molded body are fixed to the upper surface periphery of the first stage shaped body 11 at an appropriate distance from each other. A hollow chamber 25 communicating with the opening 11a is formed in a region surrounded by the supports 12a, 12a, and a second stage shaped object 13 is placed above the supports 12a, 12a. Fixed. A plurality of openings 13a, 13a are formed in this second stage shaped body 13.

Due to the spacing maintained between the supports 12a, 12a, a large number of windows 2 are located on opposite sides of the reef 1 and communicate with the hollow chamber 25 within the reef 1.
, 2... and windows 3, 3... (see FIG. 1) are formed. The support stands 12a, 12a have a large number of windows 2, 2... and a window 3.
, 3... are arranged parallel to the windows 2, 2... or windows 3, 3... so that the current flows within the fish reef without obstructing the flow of the current flowing in from the windows 2, 2... or the windows 3, 3.... Therefore, in the hollow chamber 25, the tidal currents mutually flow along the straight line where the fish reefs face each other.

[0017] The support stands 12a, 12a serve as objects for the Ise lobsters to hide when they enter, and the Ise lobsters can gather there with peace of mind. The first-stage support stands 12a, 12a are provided with tapers 40, 40 that gradually descend from the inside of the fish reef 1 toward the peripheral edge. The thickness of the shaped body 13 in each step is set to gradually increase toward the peripheral edge. By adopting such a shape, the vertical dimension S1 of the hollow chamber 25 is approximately twice the vertical dimension S0 of the windows 2 and 3. In other words, the large number of windows 2, 2... and windows 3, 3... formed on the outer wall surface of the fish reef 1 have small vertical dimensions at the entrance of the tidal current, and gradually widen from the entrance toward the center. It's meant to be.

As a specific example of dimensions, the dimension S1 in the vertical direction at approximately the center position of the hollow chamber is 140 to 200 mm.
, and windows 2 and 3 are formed with openings on opposite sides of the reef.
The vertical dimension S0 of is set to be 70 to 100 mm.

Second stage supports 14a, 14a made of water-permeable concrete are further fixed to the upper surface periphery of the above-described second stage shaped body 13 at an appropriate interval. A hollow chamber 26 is formed in the area surrounded by the supports 14a, 14a, and furthermore, the supports 14a, 1
A third stage shaped body 15 is placed and fixed above 4a. This third stage shaped body 15 has openings 15a, 15
a is formed.

The above-mentioned support stands 14a, 14a are also provided with tapers 40, 40 similar to the above-mentioned support stands 12a, 12a, and a third taper is provided along these tapers 40, 40.
The thickness of the shaped body 15 in each step is set to gradually increase, and the vertical dimension S1 of the hollow chamber 26 is approximately twice the vertical dimension S0 of the windows 2 and 3. ing.

[0021] In the same manner, the fourth stage shaped body 17, the fifth stage shaped body 19, and the sixth stage shaped body 21 are respectively attached to the third stage supports 16a, 16a and the fourth stage shaped body 17, the fifth stage shaped body 19, and the sixth stage shaped body 21. support stand 1
8a, 18a, 5th stage support stand 20a, 20a, 6th stage support stand 20a, 20a,
They are stacked and fixed with step support stands 22a, 22a interposed therebetween. Hollow chambers 27, 28, 2 are located inside each of the above-mentioned support stands.
9 and 30 are formed.

Each support stand 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a
are all provided with tapers 40, 40 similar to those described above. Further, the top plate 33 is fixed to the upper surface of the sixth stage support stands 22a, 22a, and this top plate 33 is provided with a plurality of drain holes 4, 4, . . . . Each of the above-mentioned objects 1
7, 19, 21 have a plurality of openings 17a, 1, respectively.
9a and 21a are formed so as to communicate with each other via the hollow chambers 27, 28, 29, and 30. Note that the roles of the support stands 14a, 16a, 18a, 20a, and 22a in terms of flow of current and the role of the Ise lobsters in hiding are the same as those of the support stand 12a.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the fish reef 1 according to the present invention is partially cut away to expose, in particular, the fourth stage shaped body 17 and the fourth stage supports 18a, 18a. As shown in FIG.
a is located, and each shaped object 11, 13, 15
, 17, windows 2, 2, . . . and windows 3, 3, . In the above example, a total of six support stands 18a, 18a are used, and four openings 17a are formed at approximately the center position of the support stand 17. As shown in the figure, the support stand 18a
, 18a are arranged parallel to the windows 2, 2... or the windows 3, 3... so as to flow within the fish reef without obstructing the flow of the tidal current flowing in from the numerous windows 2, 2... and windows 3, 3... It is located in Therefore, in the hollow chamber 25, the tidal currents mutually flow along the straight line where the fish reefs face each other. In addition, since the support stands 18a, 18a are appropriately arranged within the hollow chamber 25, they serve as objects for the Ise lobster to hide, which is a condition for the Ise lobster to gather safely. becomes.

A shown in FIG. 4 is the first stage shaped body 11.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of four rectangular openings 11a formed at symmetrical positions with respect to the center point. B shown in FIG. 4 is a plan view of the second stage shaped object 13, and
Four rectangular openings 13a are formed in the tiered shaped body 13 at symmetrical positions with respect to the center point. This second stage shaped body 13 is located at a position where the first shaped body 11 is rotated by 90 degrees.

[0025] Below, the third stage, the fourth stage, the fifth stage, and the sixth stage
The shapes of the shaped bodies 15, 17, 19, and 21 in the tiers are the same as the shaped bodies 11 in the first tier and the shaped bodies 13 in the second tier, and are located at symmetrical positions with respect to the center point. Four rectangular openings 15a, 17a, 19a, and 21a are formed. Since the openings set in the shaped bodies are formed at positions rotated 90 degrees between the vertically shaped bodies, it is easy to mold the shaped bodies, and productivity as a fish reef is increased. be enhanced.

On the other hand, C shown in FIG.
Support stands 12a, 16a, 20a fixed on 5, 19
D shown in FIG. 5 also shows an example of the arrangement of the shaped object 1.
Support stands 14a, 18a fixed on 3, 17, 21,
22a is shown. Each of the above-mentioned shaped bodies 6 and the support base are integrally constructed using water-permeable concrete.

[0027] This permeable concrete is formed by adding a predetermined amount of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone to cement, and adding a cement setting agent and a surface stabilizer as necessary and kneading the mixture. It is something. From the viewpoint of wet strength, etc., it is preferable that the kneaded material maintains its formed shape, that is, has such a formability that it can be shaped by grasping with hands. The proportion of granular aggregates such as limestone and silica stone, cement coagulants, and surface stabilizers mixed into cement is not particularly limited, and in order to create permeable concrete with a porosity suitable for each fishing ground. The content of each of the above components can be appropriately selected experimentally.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, cement 20~
To 25% by weight, add 75 to 80% by weight of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone (e.g. No. 7 crushed stone) crushed to a specified mesh, 0 to 0.6% by weight of cement coagulant, and the balance water. It is preferable to use water-permeable concrete that is integrally molded, and the obtained Ise lobster fish reef has good compressive strength and water permeability, and can satisfy the performance required for a fish reef. For example, the plan view shown in Figure 1 is 2.5m x 2
．． Fish reef 1 with a 5m square shape and a height of 1.4m
When manufacturing, the mixing ratio of granular aggregate such as limestone and silica stone, cement setting agent, and water was adjusted based on the distribution example shown in Table 1, and three types of samples were manufactured.

[0029]

[Table 1]

Sample 1 manufactured based on the above Table 1,
Table 2 shows the results of measuring the compressive strength after 1 day, the compressive strength after 28 days, and water permeability for samples 2 and 3.

[0031]

[Table 2]

Sample 1 in Table 2 has a water permeability of 29 g/c.
m2·min, and the water permeability is the best among the three samples, but the compressive strength after 1 day and after 28 days is the weakest among the three samples. Therefore, if the compressive strength becomes weaker than sample 1 above, there is a risk that the molded body will be destroyed by waves during long-term use, so the appropriate lower limit of the cement mixing ratio is 20% of the amount of cement in sample 1. be. On the other hand, sample 3 has the highest compressive strength among the three samples after 1 day and 28 days, and does not break due to waves even during long-term use, but because there are few voids in the concrete reef, water permeability The gender is the least among the three samples. Therefore, this water permeability is sample 3
If the amount is below, there is a risk that the colonization rate of algae and seaweeds will be weakened, and the viscosity during mixing will become too large, making it difficult to pack the mixture into the mold. A suitable upper limit of the mixing ratio is 25%. Furthermore, when the mixing ratio of cement is determined, the mixing ratio of granular aggregate such as silica stone is also determined, and from Samples 1 and 3 in Table 1, this mixing ratio is suitably 75 to 80% by weight. Furthermore, since a cement setting agent may be added as necessary, the appropriate mixing ratio is 0 to 0.6% by weight. On the other hand, Sample 2 in Table 1 has good strength and water permeability, and is rated as 3.5% as a water permeable concrete for artificial reefs.
The most suitable among the samples.

[0033] The specific manufacturing method for each Ise lobster reef is as follows: granular material having a certain particle size is placed inside a mold as a molding material, and a predetermined amount of limestone is placed in cement within this mold. A method is adopted in which a dough to which granular aggregate such as silica stone is added is inserted, and after the dough is solidified, the form and the granules are removed. The granules used as the mold material for molding mentioned above have a structure that maintains the same particle size as the granular aggregate added to cement, and during manufacturing, after the granules have solidified, high-pressure water is sprayed to remove the granules. be able to.

According to the configuration of the present invention, when the fish reef 1 is immersed in the sea, shellfish, algae, and seaweed that are food for spiny lobsters are attached to each hollow part of the fish reef, and these shellfish and algae are It has the characteristic that it does not peel off due to tidal currents. Furthermore, the windows 2 and 3 formed on the opposite surfaces of the fish reef 1 provide an appropriate tidal current within the fish reef 1, and the vertical dimension at the approximate center of the hollow chamber is equal to that of the vertical direction of each window 2 and 3. Since it is approximately twice the size of the reef, there is space for the spiny lobsters to move freely within the fish reef 1, and the main feature is that foreign enemies cannot enter through the windows 2 and 3 after the spiny lobsters have entered. Furthermore, the support platform provides the effect of forming a place for the spiny lobster to hide, which satisfies the essential conditions required for a spiny lobster reef.

[0035]

Effects of the Invention As explained in detail above, according to the Ise lobster fish reef using the permeable concrete according to the present invention, its basic structure consists of a plurality of openings each having an appropriately shaped preset opening. A plurality of supports made of similar water-permeable concrete are inserted and fixed between the water-permeable concrete to form a multi-tiered structure, and the tide flows inside the structure along a straight line facing the fish reef. form a hollow chamber that communicates with each other, an opening for the spiny lobster to enter the hollow chamber is provided at the lowest stage of the shaped body, and the vertical dimension at approximately the center of the hollow chamber is , approximately 2 of the vertical dimension of the windows formed on opposite sides of the reef
Since the size is doubled, the effects described below are brought about.

That is, when the fish reef is immersed in the sea, since the fish reef is made of permeable concrete, algae and seaweeds grow extremely quickly in each hollow part of the fish reef, and
Growth after attachment also progresses smoothly. Furthermore, the roots of algae and seaweeds dig into the tiny pores inside the fish reef, so they are completely rooted, preventing the algae and seaweeds from being washed away by ocean currents, and maintaining a thriving state over a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to enhance the aggregation effect of spiny lobster. In addition, since the fish reef is constructed using only water-permeable concrete, lye can be easily removed from the concrete compared to when ordinary ready-mixed concrete is used, and sufficient structural strength can be obtained. The fish reef will not deteriorate even during use.

[0037]Furthermore, by maintaining a specific spacing between the supporting stands inserted and fixed between each shaped body, and forming a hollow chamber in which the tidal currents communicate with each other along the straight line facing the fish reef, the relationship between the fish reefs The tidal current that enters through the window formed on the facing surface flows moderately within the reef. Furthermore, since the vertical dimension at the approximate center of the hollow chamber is approximately twice the vertical dimension of each window, space is provided for the spiny lobster to move freely within the reef, and it is also possible to create a space for the lobster to move freely within the reef. Multiple support stands inserted and fixed provide a place for the spiny lobster to hide. Furthermore, since the vertical dimension of the window is 70 to 100 mm, large predator fish cannot enter through the window after the spiny lobster has entered the reef, which prevents poaching and prevents the collection of spiny lobster. The effect is that the action is enhanced.

[0038] Furthermore, since the openings set in the plurality of shaped bodies are formed at positions rotated by 90° between the vertically shaped bodies, molding of the shaped bodies is easy, and fish reefs can be easily formed. productivity can be increased. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to satisfy the essential conditions required for a spiny lobster fish reef, and the great effect of increasing the collecting effect of spiny lobster can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall external view of a fish reef for spiny lobster to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway external view of the fish reef according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a structural example of each shaped body in the above embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a structural example of each support stand in the above embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1... Fish reef (for spiny lobster) 2, 3... Window 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21... Molded object 11a,
13a, 15a, 17a, 19a, 21a...Opening portion 12a, 14a, 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a...Support stand 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30...Hollow chamber 33...Top plate

Claims (4)

[Claims] Claim 1: A multi-stage shaped body is constructed by inserting and fixing a plurality of supports made of similar water-permeable concrete between a plurality of water-permeable concrete having openings of an appropriate shape set in advance. A hollow chamber is formed inside the shaped body in which the tidal currents communicate with each other along a straight line facing the fish reef, and an opening for the spiny lobster to enter the hollow chamber at the lowest stage of the shaped body. The hollow chamber has a vertical dimension approximately at the center thereof that is approximately twice the vertical dimension of a window formed in an opening on opposing surfaces of the fish reef. Ise lobster reef using concrete. 2. The vertical dimension of the hollow chamber at approximately the central position is 140 to 200 mm, and the vertical dimension of the window formed in the opposing surfaces of the fish reef is 70 to 1 mm.
A spiny lobster reef using the permeable concrete according to claim 1, which has a thickness of 0.00 mm. 3. The above-mentioned shaped body has a porosity that is manufactured by adding a predetermined amount of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone to cement, and adding a cement setting agent and a surface stabilizer as necessary. A spiny lobster reef using the water-permeable concrete according to claim 1, which is a water-permeable concrete having the following. 4. The shaped body contains 20 to 25% by weight of cement, 75 to 80% by weight of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone crushed into a predetermined mesh, and 0 to 0% of cement setting material.
A spiny lobster reef using the water-permeable concrete according to claim 1 or 2, which is a water-permeable concrete integrally molded with 6% by weight of water and the remainder water.