JP2875049B2 - Ise shrimp reef using super-rigid concrete - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses super-hardened concrete to strengthen the roots of algae, seaweed, etc. adhering to the surface, as well as allowing the tide to flow inside and the lobster to behave freely. In addition, the present invention relates to a fish reef for gathering and growing Ise shrimp having a structure that can hide.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since Japan is surrounded by the sea,
Since ancient times, fish and shellfish have been ingested as a major protein source. On the other hand, a large amount of industrial wastewater flows into the coastal area near the sea, and the seawater is polluted, which has adversely affected the fish catch of seafood. Therefore, in recent years, attempts have been made to install artificial fish reefs in the sea, install algae, seaweeds, etc. on these artificial fish reefs, and reintroduce seafood to the coastal area. Development research has been carried out and results have been commensurate.

The above artificial reefs include seagrass reefs, shellfish reefs,
There are fish reefs, etc., and as a material for these reefs, molded bodies made of ready-mixed concrete, cast steel, ceramics, plastics, etc. are generally used in many cases, and the shape of the molded bodies depends on the conditions of the ocean current and the seabed. Various types have been manufactured and used.

When these artificial reefs are immersed in the sea,
Algae, seaweed, etc. adhere to the surface and grow. Then, small shrimps, shellfish, and fish gather, so that medium-sized organisms that eat these small organisms gather, and large organisms that eat these medium-sized organisms gather. Since many fish and shellfish gather on the reef by such repetition, the resources of these fish and shellfish can be increased. In order to facilitate the attachment of algae, seaweed, and the like to the artificial reef, attempts have been made to form irregularities on the surface of the artificial reef in advance so that the algae and the like are fixed.

[0005]

However, among such conventional artificial reefs, fish reefs having the purpose of gathering and growing lobsters have been proposed and tested by companies and research institutions. However, at present, no significant effect has been achieved in any of the lobster reefs. In other words, the essential conditions required for an Ise shrimp reef are that there is a moderate tide in the reef, that the water is clean, that foreign enemies cannot enter after the Ise shrimp enters, and that the Ise shrimp behave freely within the reef. There is space, and
There are places where Ise shrimp hide, and shellfish, algae and seaweed that feed on Ise shrimp adhere to the reef and do not peel off due to tides.

On the other hand, conventional fish reefs are generally made of ready-mixed concrete, cast steel, ceramics, plastics, and the like. These algae, seaweeds, etc. are often washed away, and have a problem of low fixation rate. Furthermore, the above-mentioned essential conditions required for the lobster reefs with moderate tidal currents cannot be satisfied. Has the disadvantage that the effect of inducing shrimp is not obtained. In particular, when ready-mixed concrete is used as a material, there is a problem that lye hardly comes off from the ready-mixed concrete after molding, and there is a drawback that strength is easily deteriorated. Another drawback is that poaching is likely to occur when lobsters gather.

Accordingly, the present invention solves the problems of the conventional artificial reefs and sufficiently satisfies the above-mentioned essential conditions required for the lobster reefs to perform the cultivation and growth of lobsters. The purpose is to obtain a fish reef that can prevent the damage of poaching.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, first, according to claim 1, a plurality of supports are provided on an upper surface.
Molding made of super-hardened concrete with a stand integrally molded
The bodies are stacked in a plurality of stages via the support base to form a hollow chamber in which tidal currents communicate with each other along a straight line facing the fish reef between the shaped bodies, and a lowermost shaped body lobster is an opening for entering the hollow chamber, the upper of each concrete
Openings that intersect with the openings are formed alternately in the form
And, and, vertical dimension at the substantially central position of the hollow chamber, using carbide milling concrete set to be substantially twice the vertical dimension of the window to be opened in opposing surfaces of the reef It has a structure of Ise shrimp reef. According to the second aspect, the vertical dimension at the approximate center position of the hollow chamber is 140 to 200 mm, and the vertical dimension of the window formed on the opposite surface of the fish reef is 70 to 100.
mm, and according to claim 3, the shaped body is obtained by adding a predetermined amount of granular aggregates such as limestone and silica stone to cement and, if necessary, setting cement cement and surface stability. The structure of the Ise shrimp reef is made of super-hardened concrete with porosity made by adding wood. Further, according to claim 4, the shaped body is cement 20 to 25.
75% to 80% by weight of a granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone crushed into a predetermined mesh and 0%
It is configured to be a super-hardened concrete integrally molded with 0.6% by weight and the remaining moisture added.

[0009]

According to the present invention having the above structure, when a fish reef is immersed in the sea, the fish reef is made of ultra-hardened concrete.
The shells, algae, and seaweed that feed on the lobster adhere to the surface and each hollow part of the reef, and the shellfish and algae do not peel off, and the tidal currents communicate with each other along the straight line facing the reef. Since the hollow chamber is formed, the tide flowing from the windows formed on the opposing surfaces of the fish reef appropriately flows through the fish reef.

[0010] In addition, the fish reef has a plurality of supports on the upper surface.
A molded body made of molded super-hardened concrete is
Because the basic structure uses a configuration in which many layers are stacked via a support, lye is easily removed from the concrete compared with the case where ordinary ready-mixed concrete is used, and the structure has sufficient strength. It can be obtained and the fish reef does not deteriorate even after long-term use.

[0011] Further, since the vertical dimension at the substantially central position of the hollow chamber are substantially twice the vertical dimension of the window, there is a space lobster within reef is free to act, and super Integral with rigid concrete on top of model
Spiny lobster by multiple pieces of support base that form is the place where Raising only be obtained. Further, the vertical dimension of the window is 70 to 10
Since it is 0 mm, large fishes, which are enemy, cannot enter through the window after the lobster enters the reef, so that poaching can be prevented and the lobster gathering action is enhanced.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a fish reef 1 for lobster according to the present invention.
In this case, the fish reef 1 is made of super-hardened concrete. In the case of the illustrated example, the plan view is a square of 2.5 m × 2.5 m and the height is 1. It has a shape of 4 m.

As will be described later, a suitable space is formed inside the reef 1 and a large number of windows 2 and 2 communicating with the space are provided on opposing outer wall surfaces on one side of the reef 1. Are formed, and a large number of windows 3 and 3 communicating with the space are similarly formed on the opposing outer wall surfaces on the other side of the reef 1.
... are formed. The above windows 2, 2 ... and windows 3, 3 ...
The opening is formed for the purpose of circulating the tidal current linearly in the facing direction in the fish reef 1. The top plate 33 constituting the fish reef 1 is provided with a plurality of drain holes 4, 4,....

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1. As shown, a first-stage shaped body 11 is disposed at the bottom of the reef 1 as shown in FIG. Openings 11a, 11a for the lobster to enter near the center of
Are formed. That is, since the reef 1 is placed on the boulders 8 on the seabed, a gap is formed between the reef 1 and the seabed by the boulders 8 and 8, and the gap and the opening are formed. The lobster is set so as to enter the fish reef 1 via the portions 11a, 11a.

At the peripheral edge of the upper surface of the first-stage molded body 11, first-stage support bases 12a, 12a made of super-hardened concrete integrated with the molded body are fixed at an appropriate distance from each other. A hollow chamber 25 communicating with the opening 11a is formed in a portion surrounded by the support tables 12a, 12a, and a second-stage shaped body 13 is mounted above the support tables 12a, 12a. Fixed. A plurality of openings 13a, 13a are formed in the second-stage molded body 13.

The plurality of windows 2, 2... Which are located on the opposing surfaces of the above-mentioned reef 1 and communicate with the hollow chamber 25 in the above-mentioned reef 1 due to the distance held between the support tables 12a. (See FIG. 1). The support bases 12a, 12a do not obstruct the flow of the tidal current flowing from the many windows 2, 2,... And the windows 3, 3,.
The windows 2, 2, ... or the windows 3, 3, ... are arranged so as to flow in the reef. Therefore, in the hollow chamber 25, the tide flows mutually along a straight line facing the fish reef.

The support bases 12a and 12a serve as objects to which the lobster enters, and the lobsters can gather together with confidence. The first stage supports 12a, 12a are provided with tapers 40, 40 that gradually descend from the inside of the fish reef 1 toward the peripheral edge thereof. The thickness of the shaped body 13 of the step is set so as to gradually increase toward the periphery. With such a shape, the vertical dimension S _{1 of the} hollow chamber 25 is approximately twice the vertical dimension S ₀ of the windows 2 and 3. In other words, the large number of windows 2, 2,... And windows 3, 3,... Formed on the outer wall surface of the fish reef 1 have small vertical dimensions at the entrance of the tide, and gradually widen from the entrance toward the center. It is made to become.

As a specific example of the dimension, a vertical dimension S _{1 at} a substantially center position of the hollow chamber is 140 to 200 mm.
And windows 2, 3 formed on opposite sides of the reef
Vertical dimension S ₀ of is set to be the 70～100Mm.

At the periphery of the upper surface of the above-mentioned second-stage molded body 13, second-stage supports 14a, 14a made of ultra-hardened concrete are fixed at appropriate intervals. A hollow chamber 26 is formed in a portion surrounded by the support bases 14a, 14a.
A third-stage shaped body 15 is placed and fixed above 4a. Openings 15a, 15
a is formed.

The supports 14a, 14a are also provided with the same tapers 40, 40 as the supports 12a, 12a, and a third taper is provided along the tapers 40, 40.
The thickness of the modeling body 15 of the step is set so as to gradually increase, and the vertical dimension S _{1 of} the hollow chamber 26 is approximately twice the vertical dimension S ₀ of the windows 2 and 3. It has become.

In the same manner, the fourth-stage shaped body 17, the fifth-stage shaped body 19, and the sixth-stage shaped body 21 are respectively connected to the third-stage support bases 16a, 16a, Support table 1
8a, 18a, the fifth stage supports 20a, 20a, the sixth stage
They are stacked and fixed with the stage support bases 22a, 22a interposed therebetween. The hollow chambers 27, 28, 2
9, 30 are formed.

Each support 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a
Are all provided with the same tapers 40, 40 as described above. Further, the top plate 33 is fixed to the upper surface of the sixth stage support bases 22a, 22a, and the top plate 33 is provided with a plurality of drain holes 4, 4,. Each of the above molded objects 1
7, 19, and 21 have a plurality of openings 17a, 1 respectively.
9a, 21a are formed in a state where they are communicated with each other via the hollow chambers 27, 28, 29, 30. Each support 14a, 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a
The distribution of the tide and the role of the lobster are similar to those of the support base 12a.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the fish reef 1 according to the present invention is partially broken, and in particular, the fourth-stage shaped body 17 and the fourth-stage supports 18a, 18a are exposed. As described above, the pillar portions 41a, 41a, 41a, 41 are provided at the four corners.
a is located, and each of the shaped bodies 11, 13, 1
The windows 2, 2,... And the windows 3, 3,. In the above example, a total of six support bases 18a, 18a are used, and four openings 17a are formed substantially at the center of the support base 17. As shown in FIG.
a, 18a are parallel to the windows 2, 2,... or the windows 3, 3,... so as to flow in the fish reef without obstructing the flow of the tidal current flowing from the multiple windows 2, 2,. Are arranged as follows. Therefore, in the hollow chamber 25, the tide flows mutually along a straight line facing the fish reef. In addition, since the support bases 18a and 18a are appropriately arranged in the hollow chamber 25, they serve as an object for the shrimp to hide, which is a condition for the shrimp to gather together safely. Becomes

A shown in FIG. 4 is the first-stage model 11
In this figure, four rectangular openings 11a are formed symmetrically with respect to the center point. B shown in FIG. 4 is a plan view of the second-stage molded body 13,
The rectangular shaped body 13 has four rectangular openings 13a formed symmetrically with respect to the center point. The second-stage shaped body 13 is at a position where the first shaped body 11 is rotated by 90 °.

The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth stages
The shapes of the shaped bodies 15, 17, 19, 21 of the first stage are the same as those of the first shaped body 11 and the second shaped body 13, and are respectively located at symmetrical positions with respect to the center point. Four rectangular openings 15a, 17a, 19a, and 21a are formed. Since the openings set in the formed body are thus formed at positions mutually rotated by 90 ° between the formed bodies in the vertical direction, the formed body is easily formed, and the productivity as a fish reef is reduced. Enhanced.

On the other hand, C shown in FIG.
Supports 12a, 16a, 20a fixed on 5, 19
5 is shown, and D shown in FIG.
Supports 14a, 18a, fixed on 3, 17, 21
The example of arrangement of 22a is shown. Each of the above-described molded bodies 6 and the support base are integrally formed using ultra-hardened concrete.

This ultra-consolidated concrete is formed by adding a predetermined amount of granular aggregates such as limestone and silica to cement and, if necessary, adding a cement coagulant and a surface stabilizer to form a kneaded mixture. Things. When kneaded, it is appropriate from the viewpoint of wet state strength and the like that the shaped shape is maintained as it is, that is, it has a shapeability such that the shape can be grasped by hand. The above-mentioned limestone, granular aggregates such as silica stone and cement aggregates, the mixing ratio of cement to the surface stabilizer is not particularly limited, and in order to produce ultra-hard concrete having a porosity suitable for each fishing ground. In addition, the content of each of the above components can be appropriately selected experimentally.

In a preferred embodiment, cement 20 to
In 25% by weight, 75-80% by weight of granular aggregates (for example, about 7 crushed stones) such as limestone and silica stone crushed into a predetermined mesh, 0-0.6% by weight of cement setting material, and the remaining moisture are added. It is preferable to use ultra-hardened concrete integrally molded, and the obtained Ise shrimp reef has both good compressive strength and porosity, and can satisfy the performance required for a fish reef. For example, the plan view shown in FIG.
When the fish reef 1 having a square shape of 2.5 m and a height of 1.4 m is manufactured, the mixing ratios of the above-mentioned granular aggregates such as limestone and silica stone and the cement setting material and water are shown in Table 1. Adjusted based on the distribution example, three types of samples were manufactured.

[0029]

[Table 1]

Samples 1 and 2 manufactured based on Table 1 above
Table 2 shows the results of measurements of the compressive strength after 1 day, the compressive strength after 28 days, and the water permeability of the samples 2 and 3, respectively.
The water permeability was measured to measure the porosity.
The better the water permeability, the higher the porosity.

[0031]

[Table 2]

Sample 1 in Table 2 has a water permeability of 29 g / c.
m ² · min, the best water permeability and the highest porosity among the three samples, but the compressive strength after 1 day and 28 days is the weakest among the three samples. Therefore, if the compressive strength is weaker than that of the sample 1, the molded body may be broken by waves during long-term use. Therefore, the lower limit of the cement mixing ratio is appropriately 20% from the cement amount of the sample 1. is there. On the other hand, sample 3 has the highest compressive strength after 1 day and after 28 days among the three samples and does not break due to waves even during long-term use, but has the lowest water permeability among the three samples. There are few voids in concrete reefs. Therefore, if this water permeability is less than or equal to sample 3, the porosity decreases and algae,
There is a concern that the fixation rate after the attachment of seaweeds may be weak, and
Since the viscosity at the time of mixing becomes too large and the work of packing the mixture into the mold becomes difficult, the upper limit of the mixing ratio of the cement is suitably 25%. When the mixing ratio of cement is determined, the mixing ratio of granular aggregates such as silica is inevitably determined.
~ 80% by weight is suitable. Further, since the cement setting material may be added as needed, the mixing ratio is from 0 to 0.1.
6% by weight is suitable. On the other hand, Sample 2 in Table 1 has strength,
Both have good porosity, and are the most suitable among the three samples as super-rigid concrete for artificial reefs.

As a specific method for producing each Ise shrimp reef, a granular material having a certain particle size is arranged inside a mold as a molding material, and a predetermined amount of limestone is mixed with cement in the mold. A means is employed in which a kneaded material to which granular aggregates such as silica stone and the like are added is inserted, and after the kneaded material is solidified, the mold and the granular material are removed. The granular material used as the above molding die has a configuration in which the same particle size as the granular aggregate added to the cement is maintained, and at the time of manufacturing, the granular material is removed by spraying high-pressure water after solidification of the kneaded material. be able to.

According to the structure of the present invention, when the reef 1 is immersed in the sea, shells, algae and seaweed serving as bait for Ise shrimp adhere to each hollow portion in the reef, and these shells and algae are attached. Is not separated by the tide. Further, the windows 2 and 3 formed on the opposing surfaces of the fish reef 1 provide an appropriate tidal current in the fish reef 1 and the vertical dimension at the substantially central position of the hollow chamber is the vertical dimension of each of the windows 2 and 3. Since the size is approximately twice as large, there is a space in the reef 1 where the lobster can freely move, and a large enemy cannot enter the enemy from the windows 2 and 3 after the lobster enters. Furthermore, an effect that a place where the Ise shrimp hides is formed by the support stand is obtained, and the essential condition required as the Ise shrimp reef is satisfied.

[0035]

As described in detail above, according to the Ise lobster reef using the super-hardened concrete according to the present invention, as a basic configuration, a plurality of supports are provided on the upper surface.
A molded body made of integrally molded super-hardened concrete,
A plurality of layers are stacked via the support base to form a hollow chamber in which tidal currents communicate with each other along the straight line facing the fish reef between the shaped bodies, and Ise shrimp is provided in the lowermost shaped body by the hollow chamber. an opening for entering the provided to each shaped body of the upper
Are formed in such a manner that openings intersecting with the openings are alternately formed, and a dimension in a vertical direction at a substantially central position of the hollow chamber.
However, since it is set to be approximately twice as large as the vertical dimension of the window that opens on the opposite surface of the fish reef , the following effects are obtained.

That is, when the fish reef is immersed in the sea, the fish reef is made of ultra-rigid concrete, so that the generation of algae and seaweeds in each hollow portion in the fish reef is extremely rapid, and
Growth after adhesion also proceeds smoothly. Furthermore, the roots of algae and seaweeds penetrate into the minute holes inside the fish reef, so that the rooting is complete, preventing these algae and seaweeds from being washed away by the ocean current, and maintaining a prosperous state for a long time. Can increase the gathering effect of Ise prawns. In addition, since the reef is constructed using only super-hardened concrete, lye easily escapes from the concrete as compared with the case of using ordinary ready-mixed concrete, and sufficient structural strength is obtained. The fish reef does not deteriorate even during long-term use.

Further, a plurality of molded bodies are integrally formed on the upper surface.
The tidal currents entered through the windows formed on the opposing surfaces of the fish reef because the tidal currents formed a hollow space that communicated with each other along a straight line facing the fish reef, maintaining a specific distance between the support bases of the fish reef. It circulates moderately. Furthermore, the vertical dimension at the approximate center position of the hollow chamber is approximately two times the vertical dimension of each window.
Because it is doubled, a space where lobsters can freely move within the reef is obtained, and it is integrated on the top of each model
Lobster by multiple pieces of supports which formed was the place where Raising only obtained. Furthermore, the vertical dimension of the window is 70-1.
Since it is 00 mm, large fishes, which are external enemies, cannot enter from the window after the lobster enters the reef, so that poaching can be prevented and the lobster gathering action is enhanced.

Further, since the openings set in the plurality of shaped bodies are formed at positions mutually rotated by 90 ° between the vertically shaped bodies, the shaped bodies can be easily formed, and the fish reef can be easily formed. Productivity can be increased. Therefore, according to the present invention, the essential condition required as the lobster reef can be satisfied, and the great effect that the lobster gathering effect is enhanced can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing an entire fish reef for lobster to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an external view in which a fish reef according to the present invention is partially broken.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a structural example of each molded body in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a structural example of each support base in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reef (for lobster) 2, 3 ... Window 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 ... Model body 11a, 13a, 15a, 17a, 19a, 21a ... Opening 12a, 14a, 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a: support base 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 hollow chamber 33: top plate

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of supports are integrally formed on an upper surface.
A shaped body made of ultra-hard concrete is passed through the support
To form a hollow space between the three-dimensional objects where the tidal currents communicate with each other along the straight line facing the fish reef.
In the lowermost shaped body, an opening is provided for the Ise shrimp to enter the hollow chamber, and each upper shaped body is provided with the opening.
An opening that intersects sequentially formed alternately, and the vertical dimension at the substantially central position of the hollow chamber, becomes approximately double the vertical dimension of the window to be opened in opposing surfaces of the reef
Ise shrimp reef using super-hardened concrete characterized by the following settings . 2. The vertical dimension at the approximate center position of the hollow chamber is 140 to 200 mm, and the vertical dimension of a window formed on an opposing surface of the reef is 70 to 10 mm.
The lobster reef using the super-hardened concrete according to claim 1, which is 0 mm. 3. A porosity manufactured by adding a predetermined amount of granular aggregates such as limestone and silica to cement and, if necessary, adding a cement coagulant and a surface stabilizer. An Ise shrimp reef using the super-hardened concrete according to claim 1 or 2, which is a super-hardened concrete having the following. 4. The shaped body is 20 to 25% by weight of cement.
75 to 80% by weight of a granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone crushed into a predetermined mesh, and 0 to 0.6% of a cement setting material.
Ise shrimp reef using the super-hardened concrete according to claim 1 or 2, which is a super-hardened concrete integrally formed by adding weight% and the remaining moisture.