JPH04316436A - Production of fish reef for spiny lobster utilizing super stiff-consistency concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject fish reef according to simple operation by filling a granular substance having a prescribed grain size as a forming mold material in wooden frames arranged on the inside of the first and the second frame molds, placing a pasty substance containing a granular aggregate, hardening the pasty substance and then removing the granular substance. CONSTITUTION:The first wooden frames 41 for forming openings where spiny lobsters enter are arranged on the inside of the first frame mold 40 and a granular substance 42 having a prescribed grain size is then filled in the aforementioned wooden frames 41. A pasty substance 43 for super stiff-consistency concrete is subsequently placed from the upper part therein. The second frame mold 44 is then placed on the first frame mold 40 and the second wooden frames 45 for forming a support pedestal are selectively arranged in the second frame mold 44. The pasty substance is placed in the second wooden frames and the granular substance 42 is subsequently filled from the upper part. The similar steps are further repeated and the above-mentioned granular substance is removed after hardening the pasty substance. Thereby, the objective fish reef for spiny lobsters is obtained.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention uses super-hard concrete to firmly root algae, seaweed, etc. that adhere to the surface, and also allows current to flow inside and allows spiny lobsters to move freely. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a fish reef for cultivating spiny lobsters, which has a structure in which they can hide.

0002

[Prior Art] Since our country is surrounded by the sea,
Seafood has been consumed as a major protein source since ancient times. On the other hand, a large amount of industrial wastewater flows into the coastal areas of nearby seas, polluting the seawater, which is having a negative impact on the catch of seafood. Therefore, in recent years, attempts have been made to install artificial reefs in the sea and allow algae, seaweed, etc. to take root on these artificial reefs in an attempt to guide seafood back to coastal areas. Development research has been carried out and has achieved considerable results.

[0003] The artificial reefs include seaweed reefs, shellfish reefs,
There are fish reefs, etc., and the materials for these fish reefs are generally shaped bodies made of ready-mixed concrete, cast steel, ceramics, plastic, etc., and the shape of the shaped bodies depends on the ocean currents and seabed conditions. Various products are manufactured and used.

[0004] When these artificial fish reefs are immersed in the sea,
Algae, seaweed, etc. adhere to the surface and grow. As a result, small shrimp, shellfish, and fish gather, which attracts mesosized organisms that eat these small organisms, and in turn attracts large organisms that eat these mesosized organisms. By repeating this process, many fish and shellfish gather on the reef, so the stocks of these fish and shellfish can be increased. In order to make it easier for algae, seaweed, etc. to adhere to the artificial reef, attempts have also been made to form irregularities on the surface of the artificial reef in advance so that the algae, etc. can settle thereon.

[0005] In order to form such an artificial fish reef using concrete, cement milk or a predetermined amount of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone is added to the hollow space formed by a wooden or plastic frame. The target fish reef can be obtained by inserting a paste containing the cement milk or the paste and removing the wooden frame or plastic frame after the cement milk or paste has solidified. In particular, by adding a predetermined amount of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone to cement, appropriate porosity can be imparted to the resulting concrete, compared to when ordinary ready-mixed concrete is used. It can improve the adhesion of algae, seaweed, etc.

[0006]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the case of such a conventional method of manufacturing an artificial fish reef, the fish reef made of a concrete structure is firmly bonded to the wooden frame or plastic frame after the concrete hardens. However, there was a problem in that it was difficult to extract the concrete shaped body from the wooden frame or the plastic frame, and it required a lot of labor and time. Therefore, the burden on the workers increases and efficiency is reduced, and the wooden frame or plastic frame is often damaged during the extraction operation, leading to an increase in manufacturing costs.

[0007]The present invention solves the problems of the conventional method for manufacturing artificial fish reefs, improves the workability of extracting the fish reef after solidification, and prevents damage to the wooden or plastic frame. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a spiny lobster reef using super hard kneaded concrete that can reduce labor and manufacturing costs.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention arranges a first wooden frame for forming an opening through which the spiny lobster enters inside the first mold. , Filling the inside of the first wooden frame with granules having a certain particle size as a molding material, and placing a predetermined amount of cement in cement between the first wooden frame and the first form. A cast body for ultra-hard concrete to which granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone has been added is placed, and a second formwork is placed above the first formwork,
A second wooden frame for forming a support base is selectively placed inside this second formwork, and the same process as described above is applied between the second wooden frame and the second formwork. A spiny lobster fish reef characterized by casting a shaped body, repeating the same steps to form a shaped body having a desired three-dimensional shape, and removing the mold and the granulated body after the solidified body. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing. Furthermore, a method for manufacturing a spiny lobster reef is provided, in which a plurality of individual shaped bodies obtained by the same steps as described above are stacked, fixed, and assembled.

[0009] The granular material used as the mold material for molding is
It is characterized in that it is made of limestone and silica stone that have been crushed into a predetermined mesh, and that the particle size of the granules is the same as that of the granular aggregate added to cement. Furthermore, after solidifying the granular material inserted inside the formwork, the granular material is removed by spraying high-pressure water, and the granular material for ultra-hard mixed concrete contains 20 to 25% by weight of cement. Granular aggregate such as limestone and silica stone crushed into a specified mesh is
5 to 80% by weight, 0 to 0.6% by weight of cement setting agent,
Provided is a manufacturing method in which residual moisture is added.

0010

[Operation] According to the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the wooden frame disposed inside the first and second molds is filled with granules having a certain particle size as a molding material, and limestone, silica, etc. By repeating the process of casting a dough containing granular aggregate such as
After solidifying the dough, the granules can be easily removed as a molding material, and the removal operation of the molding material can be carried out very easily.

Furthermore, by maintaining the particle size of the granules to be the same as that of the granular aggregate added to the cement, the granules used as a molding material can be made into super-hard kneaded material before the solidification of the granular material. It does not penetrate into the concrete, so the removal work of granules can be carried out smoothly. Further, the granules can be easily removed by spraying high-pressure water after solidifying the granules.

0012

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 shows a fish reef 1 for spiny lobster according to the present invention.
This fish reef 1 is constructed using super hard concrete, and in the illustrated example, it is a square measuring 2.5 m x 2.5 m in plan view and 1.5 m in height. It has a shape of 4m.

A suitable space is formed inside the fish reef 1, as will be described later, and a large number of windows 2, 2 are provided on the opposing outer wall surfaces of one side of the fish reef 1, communicating with the space. ... are formed, and a large number of windows 3, 3 are similarly formed on the opposing outer wall surface of the other side of the fish reef 1, which communicate with the above-mentioned space.
...is being formed. The above windows 2, 2... and windows 3, 3...
are formed with openings for the purpose of allowing the tidal current to flow linearly in the directions facing each other within the fish reef 1. A plurality of drainage holes 4, 4, . . . are provided in the top plate 33 constituting the fish reef 1.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. There are openings 11a, 11a for the Ise lobster to enter near the approximate center of the
is formed. That is, since the fish reef 1 is placed on the boulders 8, 8 on the seabed, a gap is formed between the fish reef 1 and the seabed by the boulders 8, 8, and this gap and the opening are The setting is such that the spiny lobster enters the fish reef 1 via the sections 11a, 11a.

[0015] First stage supports 12a, 12a made of ultra-hardened concrete and integrated with the molded body are fixed to the upper surface periphery of the first stage shaped body 11 at an appropriate distance from each other. A hollow chamber 25 communicating with the opening 11a is formed in a region surrounded by the supports 12a, 12a, and a second stage shaped object 13 is placed above the supports 12a, 12a. Fixed position. A plurality of openings 13a, 13a are formed in this second stage shaped body 13.

Due to the spacing maintained between the supports 12a, 12a, a large number of windows 2 are located on opposite sides of the reef 1 and communicate with the hollow chamber 25 within the reef 1.
, 2... and windows 3, 3... (see FIG. 4) are formed. The support stands 12a, 12a have a large number of windows 2, 2... and a window 3.
, 3... are arranged parallel to the windows 2, 2... or windows 3, 3... so that the current flows within the fish reef without obstructing the flow of the current flowing in from the windows 2, 2... or the windows 3, 3.... Therefore, in the hollow chamber 25, the tidal currents mutually flow along the straight line where the fish reefs face each other.

[0017] The support stands 12a, 12a serve as objects for the Ise lobsters to hide when they enter, and the Ise lobsters can gather there with peace of mind. The first-stage support stands 12a, 12a are provided with tapers 40, 40 that gradually descend from the inside of the fish reef 1 toward the peripheral edge. The thickness of the shaped body 13 in each step is set to gradually increase toward the peripheral edge. By adopting such a shape, the vertical dimension S1 of the hollow chamber 25 is approximately twice the vertical dimension S0 of the windows 2 and 3. In other words, the large number of windows 2, 2... and windows 3, 3... formed on the outer wall surface of the fish reef 1 have small vertical dimensions at the entrance of the tidal current, and gradually widen from the entrance toward the center. It's meant to be.

As a specific example of dimensions, the dimension S1 in the vertical direction at approximately the center position of the hollow chamber is 140 to 200 mm.
, and windows 2 and 3 are formed with openings on opposite sides of the reef.
The vertical dimension S0 of is set to be 70 to 100 mm.

Second stage supports 14a, 14a made of ultra-hardened concrete are further fixed to the upper surface periphery of the second stage shaped body 13 at an appropriate interval. , a hollow chamber 26 is formed in the area surrounded by the supports 14a, 14a, and the supports 14a, 1
A third stage shaped body 15 is placed and fixed above 4a. This third stage shaped body 15 has openings 15a, 15
a is formed.

The above-mentioned support stands 14a, 14a are also provided with tapers 40, 40 similar to the above-mentioned support stands 12a, 12a, and a third taper is provided along these tapers 40, 40.
The thickness of the shaped body 15 in each step is set to gradually increase, and the vertical dimension S1 of the hollow chamber 26 is approximately twice the vertical dimension S0 of the windows 2 and 3. ing.

[0021] In the same manner, the fourth stage shaped body 17, the fifth stage shaped body 19, and the sixth stage shaped body 21 are respectively attached to the third stage supports 16a, 16a and the fourth stage shaped body 17, the fifth stage shaped body 19, and the sixth stage shaped body 21. support stand 1
8a, 18a, 5th stage support stand 20a, 20a, 6th stage support stand 20a, 20a,
They are stacked and fixed with step support stands 22a, 22a interposed therebetween. Hollow chambers 27, 28, 2 are located inside each of the above-mentioned support stands.
9 and 30 are formed.

Each support stand 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a
are all provided with tapers 40, 40 similar to those described above. Further, the top plate 33 is fixed to the upper surface of the sixth stage support stands 22a, 22a, and this top plate 33 is provided with a plurality of drain holes 4, 4, . . . . Each of the above-mentioned objects 1
7, 19, 21 have a plurality of openings 17a, 1, respectively.
9a and 21a are formed so as to communicate with each other via the hollow chambers 27, 28, 29, and 30. Note that the roles of the support stands 14a, 16a, 18a, 20a, and 22a in terms of flow of current and the role of the Ise lobsters in hiding are the same as those of the support stand 12a.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the fish reef 1 according to the present invention is partially cut away to expose, in particular, the fourth stage shaped body 17 and the fourth stage supports 18a, 18a. As shown in FIG.
a is located, and each shaped object 11, 13, 15
, 17, windows 2, 2, . . . and windows 3, 3, . In the above example, a total of six support stands 18a, 18a are used, and four openings 17a are formed at approximately the center position of the support stand 17. As shown in the figure, the support stand 18a
, 18a are arranged parallel to the windows 2, 2... or the windows 3, 3... so as to flow within the fish reef without obstructing the flow of the tidal current flowing in from the numerous windows 2, 2... and windows 3, 3... It is located in Therefore, in the hollow chamber 25, the tidal currents mutually flow along the straight line where the fish reefs face each other. In addition, since the support stands 18a, 18a are appropriately arranged within the hollow chamber 25, they serve as objects for the Ise lobster to hide, which is a condition for the Ise lobster to gather safely. becomes.

A shown in FIG. 7 is the first stage shaped body 11.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of four rectangular openings 11a formed at symmetrical positions with respect to the center point. B shown in FIG. 7 is a plan view of the second stage shaped object 13, and
Four rectangular openings 13a are formed in the tiered shaped body 13 at symmetrical positions with respect to the center point. This second stage shaped body 13 is located at a position where the first shaped body 11 is rotated by 90°.

[0025] Below, the third stage, the fourth stage, the fifth stage, and the sixth stage
The shapes of the shaped bodies 15, 17, 19, and 21 in the tiers are the same as the shaped bodies 11 in the first tier and the shaped bodies 13 in the second tier, and are located at symmetrical positions with respect to the center point. Four rectangular openings 15a, 17a, 19a, and 21a are formed. Since the openings set in the shaped bodies are formed at positions rotated 90 degrees between the vertically shaped bodies, it is easy to mold the shaped bodies, and productivity as a fish reef is increased. be enhanced.

On the other hand, C shown in FIG.
Support stands 12a, 16a, 20a fixed on 5, 19
D shown in FIG. 8 also shows an example of the arrangement of the shaped object 1.
Support stands 14a, 18a fixed on 3, 17, 21,
22a is shown. Each of the above-mentioned shaped bodies 6 and the support base are integrally constructed using super hard concrete.

A specific method for manufacturing the fish reef 1 will be explained below. FIG. 3 shows the shape of the first formwork 40 employed in this embodiment, and this formwork 40 is made of steel and is square in plan view. In this embodiment, a plurality of the molds 40 are used.

First, as shown at A in FIG. 1, first wooden frames 41, 41 for forming the opening 11a are placed inside the first form 40. Next, as shown in B in the same figure, the first wooden frames 41, 41 are filled with granules 42, 42 having a certain particle size that have been crushed into a predetermined mesh as a molding material. , this first wooden frame 41,
41 and the first formwork 40, a predetermined amount of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone is added to the cement, and
The kneaded bodies 43, 43, which are kneaded with a cement setting agent and a surface stabilizer added thereto as required, are cast.

Next, as shown in C in the figure, a second formwork 44 is placed above the first formwork 40, and the support is placed inside the second formwork 44. Second wooden frames 45, 45 for forming the stand 12a are selectively arranged, and between the wooden frames 45, 45 and the second formwork 44, dough bodies 43, 43 similar to those described above are placed. to be poured.

Furthermore, as shown in D in the same figure, the granules 42 are filled into the second mold frame 44 from above the kneaded bodies 43, 43. Then, as shown in E in FIG. 2, a third formwork 46 is placed from above the granular material 42, and a third formwork 46 is placed inside the third formwork 46 to form the opening 13a. Place the third wooden frames 47, 47.

Furthermore, as shown at F in FIG. 2, the same granular bodies 42,
42, and cast molded bodies 43, 43 between the peripheries of the third wooden frames 47, 47 and the third formwork 46.

Next, returning to the process shown in A shown in FIG. 1, the same procedure is repeated to form a multi-stage shaped body having a desired three-dimensional shape, and after each dough 43 is solidified, each mold 40 is ，
After removing 44, 46, the desired lobster reef can be obtained by removing each of the granules 42, 42, . . . as a molding material. Incidentally, the granular material 42 serving as a mold material for molding may be shaped in advance using a net or the like to form each hollow portion, and then the dough 43 may be cast into the hollow portion.

[0033] To remove the granules 42, 42...,
It is preferable to spray high-pressure water to improve work efficiency. In addition, a granular material 42 used as a molding material
It is desirable to maintain the same particle size as the granular aggregate added to the granular material 43, and by using such a granular material 42, the granular material 42 will not penetrate into the granular material 43. , the effect of facilitating the removal work of the granular material 42 after solidification can be obtained.

Although the above embodiment discloses a method for manufacturing the fish reef 1 based on continuous steps, the present invention is not limited to the above manufacturing method. A first wooden frame 41 for forming a hollow portion into which the spiny lobster penetrates is placed inside the first wooden frame 41, and a granular material 42 having a certain particle size is placed inside the first wooden frame 41 as a molding material. After filling, a kneaded body 43 for ultra-hard concrete is placed from above, and after the kneaded body 43 is solidified, the first formwork 40 and the granules 42 are removed to form a single shaped body. However, it is also possible to manufacture a plurality of obtained single shaped bodies by stacking and fixing them.

According to the configuration of the present invention, when the fish reef 1 is immersed in the sea, shellfish, algae, and seaweed that are food for spiny lobsters are attached to each hollow part of the fish reef, and these shellfish and algae are It has the characteristic that it does not peel off due to tidal currents. Furthermore, the windows 2 and 3 formed on the opposite surfaces of the fish reef 1 provide an appropriate tidal current within the fish reef 1, and the vertical dimension at the approximate center of the hollow chamber is equal to that of the vertical direction of each window 2 and 3. Since it is approximately twice the size of the reef, there is space for the spiny lobsters to move freely within the fish reef 1, and the main feature is that foreign enemies cannot enter through the windows 2 and 3 after the spiny lobsters have entered. Furthermore, the support platform provides the effect of forming a place for the spiny lobster to hide, which satisfies the essential conditions required for a spiny lobster reef.

[0036] As a preferred example of the composition of ultra-hard concrete, granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone (for example, 7%
75 to 80% by weight of crushed stone) and 0 cement setting agent.
It is best to use ultra-hard kneaded concrete that is integrally molded with the addition of ~0.6% by weight and the balance water, and the obtained Ise lobster reef will have good compressive strength and porosity, satisfying the performance required as a fish reef. can do. For example, the plan view shown in Figure 1 is a square of 2.5 m x 2.5 m, and the height is 1.
．． When manufacturing a fish reef 1 having a shape of 4 m, the mixing ratio of granular aggregate such as limestone and silica stone, cement coagulation agent, and water is adjusted based on the distribution example shown in Table 1, and 3
Various samples were produced.

[0037]

[Table 1]

Sample 1 manufactured based on the above Table 1,
Table 2 shows the results of measuring the compressive strength after 1 day, the compressive strength after 28 days, and water permeability for samples 2 and 3. In addition, the water permeability was measured in order to measure the porosity. The better the water permeability, the higher the porosity.

[0039]

[Table 2]

Sample 1 in Table 2 has a water permeability of 29 g/c.
m2·min, the water permeability is the best among the three samples, and the porosity is high, but the compressive strength after 1 day and after 28 days is the weakest among the three samples. Therefore, if the compressive strength becomes weaker than sample 1 above, there is a risk that the molded body will be destroyed by waves during long-term use, so the appropriate lower limit of the cement mixing ratio is 20% of the amount of cement in sample 1. be. On the other hand, sample 3 has the highest compressive strength among the three samples after 1 day and 28 days, and does not break due to waves even during long-term use, but has the lowest water permeability among the three samples. , there are fewer voids within the concrete reef. Therefore, if this water permeability decreases to sample 3 or less, the porosity will decrease and there is a risk that the fixation rate of algae and seaweeds will become weak after attachment, and the viscosity during mixing will become too large, causing the mixture to form inside the mold. Since it becomes difficult to pack the cement into the container, an appropriate upper limit for the mixing ratio of cement is 25%. In addition, when the mixing ratio of cement is determined, the mixing ratio of granular aggregate such as silica stone is also determined, and this mixing ratio is from 75 to 75 from samples 1 and 3 in Table 1.
80% by weight is suitable. Furthermore, cement setting agent can be added as needed, so the mixing ratio is 0 to 0.6.
Weight % is appropriate. On the other hand, Sample 2 in Table 1 has good strength and porosity, and is the most suitable of the three samples as ultra-hard concrete for artificial reefs.

[0041]

Effects of the Invention As explained in detail above, according to the method of manufacturing a spiny lobster reef using super hardened concrete according to the present invention, the basic method is as follows: It is characterized by repeating the process of filling a wooden frame placed on one side with granules having a certain particle size as a molding material, and then casting a dough containing granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone. By adopting this method, it is possible to prevent the situation in which the reef made of concrete is firmly connected to the wooden frame or plastic frame after the concrete hardens, as in the conventional case, and to improve the concrete structure. The work of extracting the shaped object becomes easier, the burden on the worker is reduced, and the time is reduced, so that work efficiency and cost can be increased. Furthermore, by adding a cement setting agent and a surface stabilizer to the above-mentioned cement, there is an effect that the surface and internal structure of the fish reef are stabilized.

On the other hand, by keeping the particle size of the granules used as a molding material the same as that of the granular aggregate added to the cement, the granules used as a molding material were This has the effect that the granules do not penetrate into the fish reef, and the removal work of the granules after solidification can be carried out smoothly. Furthermore, by spraying high-pressure water after solidifying the dough,
The granules can be easily removed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process outline diagram showing a method for producing spiny lobster fish reef to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a process outline diagram showing a method for producing spiny lobster reef to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is an external view showing the shape of the formwork used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an overall external view of the Ise lobster reef to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway external view of the fish reef according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of the structure of each shaped object in the above embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a structural example of each support stand in the above embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1... Fish reef (for spiny lobster) 2, 3... Window 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21... Molded object 11a,
13a, 15a, 17a, 19a, 21a... Openings 12a, 14a, 16a, 18a, 20a, 22a... Support stands 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30... Hollow chamber 33... Top plate 40, 44, 46... Formwork 41, 45, 47...Wooden frame 42...Grained material 43...Kneaded material

Claims (6)

[Claims] Claim 1: A first wooden frame for forming an opening through which the spiny lobster enters is arranged inside the first form;
The inside of the wooden frame is filled with granules having a certain particle size as a molding material, and a predetermined amount of limestone or silica stone is placed in cement between the first wooden frame and the first form. A dough for ultra-hard concrete with added granular aggregate such as a second for forming a support inwardly;
A wooden frame is selectively arranged, the same dough as above is cast between the second wooden frame and the second form, and the same process is repeated to form the desired three-dimensional shape. molding a shaped body having
A method for manufacturing a spiny lobster fish reef using ultra-hard kneaded concrete, which comprises removing the formwork and granules after solidifying the dough. [Claim 2] A wooden frame for forming a hollow part into which the spiny lobster penetrates is arranged inside the mold, and the inside of the wooden frame is filled with granules having a certain particle size as a molding material. At the same time, between the wooden frame and the formwork, a dough for ultra-hard concrete in which a predetermined amount of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone is added to cement is cast, and the dough is poured into cement. Ise using ultra-hard concrete, characterized in that after solidification, the formwork and granules are removed, a single shaped body is formed, and a plurality of the obtained single shaped bodies are laminated and fixed and assembled. A method for producing shrimp reefs. 3. The method for manufacturing a spiny lobster reef using ultra-hard kneaded concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the granular material used as the molding material is composed of limestone or silica stone crushed into a predetermined mesh. 4. Ise lobster fish reef using ultra-hard concrete according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the granules used as the molding material have the same particle size as the granular aggregate added to the cement. manufacturing method. 5. Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, after solidification of the granular material for ultra-hard concrete inserted into the formwork, the granular material is removed by spraying high-pressure water.
A method for manufacturing a spiny lobster reef using the super hard kneaded concrete described in 3 and 4. 6. The dough for ultra-hard concrete contains 20-25% by weight of cement, 75-80% by weight of granular aggregate such as limestone or silica stone crushed into a predetermined mesh, and cement coagulant. 3. A method for producing a spiny lobster reef using the ultra-hard kneaded concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 0 to 0.6% by weight and the remainder water is added.