JPH04170596A - Electronic music instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform reallotting operation and pronunciation confirming operation or the like of an already allotted sound by simple operation by providing a means for performing control which allots an assigned sound relating to an operating piece when the play operating piece is switched from on to off. CONSTITUTION:First, play operating pieces P0 to P4 are on-operated, and further a desired sound is assigned by an allotted sound assigning means 15. The play operating pieces P0 to P4 are off-operated. An allotment control means 10 performs control which allots a sound, assigned by the allotted sound assigning means 15, relating to the concerned operating pieces P0 to P4 when switching thereof is changed from on to off. Thus by deciding the allotment when the play operating pieces P0 to P4 are switched from on to off, when it is before off-switching even after switching on the play operating pieces P0 to P4, the assigned sound can be freely changed in the allotted sound assigning means 15.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is capable of assigning any sound to a performance operator such as a pad, and generating the assigned sound in response to the operation of the operator. Regarding electronic musical instruments.

[Conventional technology]

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-28289 is an electronic musical instrument that allows rhythm sounds etc. to be arbitrarily assigned to performance controls.
The one shown in Publication No. 6 is known. There, one rhythm sound source can be selected from among a plurality of rhythm sound sources and assigned to a performance operator. When assigning a desired rhythm sound source to a performance controller, first select the desired rhythm sound source, and then turn on the performance controller to which you want to assign the rhythm sound source. Allotments will be made accordingly.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the above-mentioned conventional technology, the assigned note is confirmed when the performance controller is turned on, so if you make a mistake in specifying the assigned note, you have to respecify the assigned note and press the performance controller again. Must have.

Therefore, there is a drawback that the operation at the time of allocation becomes troublesome, and careful operation is required.

Also, if you want to change the assigned sound after first listening to and confirming the sound already assigned to the performance controller, first turn on the performance controller to make the assigned sound sound, and then change the assigned sound as desired. This was troublesome as it was necessary to specify the note and turn on the performance controller again, which was a troublesome process. The purpose of this invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument in which, when assigning arbitrary sounds to performance operators, operations such as reassignment and confirmation of the pronunciation of already assigned sounds can be performed with simple operations. It is something.

[Means to solve the problem]

The electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes a performance operator, an assigned sound specifying means for specifying a sound to be assigned to the performance operator, and an assigned sound specifying means for specifying a sound when the performance operator is switched from on to off. an assignment control means for controlling the assignment of the played sound to the operator; and a musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal corresponding to the tone assigned to the operator when the performance operator is turned on. It is equipped with

[For production]

When assigning a desired sound to a performance operator, first, the performance operator is turned on and the desired sound is designated by the assigned sound designation means. Then, the performance operator is turned off. The assignment control means performs control to assign the sound specified by the assigned sound designation means to the performance operator when the performance operator is switched from on to off. In this way, the assignment is confirmed when the performance controller is switched from on to off, so even after the performance controller is turned on, as long as it is not turned off, the assigned sound designation means can freely change the specified sound. can be done. Therefore,
Even if you make a mistake in specifying the assigned note, you only need to specify the assigned note again, and there is no need to turn on the performance controller again. Therefore, the operation at the time of assignment is easy. .

Furthermore, when you turn on a performance controller, the assignment content is not changed yet, so you can generate the assigned sound in response to the on operation, and after listening to and confirming the assigned sound, After specifying a desired assigned note, when the performance operator is turned off, the specified note is newly assigned.

Therefore, the operation of producing the already assigned tone and the assignment of the new tone can be performed with a single on/off operation of the performance operator, which simplifies the operation.

In the embodiment described below, the assignment determination process in response to the off operation of the performance operator according to the present invention is carried out in the "multiple note assignment mode". In this "multiple note assignment mode", multiple notes that can be produced simultaneously are assigned to one performance operator. However, the present invention is of course not limited to this, and can be practiced even when only one note is assigned to a performance operator.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a hardware configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. In this example, a central processing unit (CPU) 10, data and program ROM II,
Various processes are executed under the control of a microcomputer including data and working RAM 12. Keyboard circuit 14 via data and address bus 13. Various other circuits such as the panel switch circuit 15 are connected to the microcomputer.

The keyboard circuit 14 is provided corresponding to a keyboard having a plurality of keys for specifying the pitch of a musical tone to be generated, and is a circuit including a key switch corresponding to each key of the keyboard.

The panel switch circuit 15 is a circuit consisting of a group of switches corresponding to various operators for selecting, setting, and controlling tone, volume, pitch, effect, and the like. A display 16 made of an LED or the like is provided corresponding to a predetermined switch in the panel switch circuit 15, and is capable of displaying the on/off status of the function corresponding to each switch.

Multiple (for example, 5) pads P as performance operators
O to P4 are provided. Each of the pads PO to P4 is provided with a sensor, which detects when the pad is operated by the player's hand or the like, and provides on/off information of the pad to the bus 13.

It is preferable that the pads PO to P4 are arranged at positions that are easy for the player to operate. For example, it may be placed near the keyboard or at an appropriate position on the front panel, or the pad PO-P4 is separated from the main body of the electronic musical instrument as a separate unit so that it can be placed freely in a position that is easy for the player to operate. It may be .

Any plurality of sounds can be assigned to each of the pads P○ to P4, and this assignment processing is performed by the CPU 10 based on the operation of a predetermined switch in the bat and panel switch circuit 15. carried out under the control of. For convenience, this assignment processing will be referred to as pad assignment processing.

The musical tone signal generation circuit F has multiple musical tone generation channels (
- For example, it is possible to generate different musical tone signals through 16 channels. The processing of assigning musical tones to each musical tone generation channel (this is known as key assignment processing) is performed under the control of the CPUI. Information indicating the musical tone assigned to each musical tone generation channel is provided to the musical tone signal generation circuit 17 via the bus 13, and the musical tone signal generation circuit 17 generates a musical tone signal in each musical tone generation channel based on this information. As is well known, the musical tone generation channels in the musical tone signal generation circuit 17 may be formed in a time-sharing manner by using a common hardware circuit for each channel, or may be formed by using separate hardware circuits. They may be formed in parallel by hardware circuits.

Furthermore, any musical tone signal generation method may be used in the musical tone signal generation circuit 17. For example, there is a method (memory read method) in which musical waveform sample value data stored in a waveform memory is sequentially read out according to address data that changes in accordance with the pitch of the musical sound to be generated, or the above address data is used as phase angle parameter data. A method (FM method) in which musical waveform sample value data is obtained by executing a predetermined frequency modulation calculation, or a method in which musical waveform sample value data is obtained by performing a predetermined amplitude modulation calculation using the address data as phase angle parameter data ( Any known method such as AM method) may be used. Also,
When the memory read method is adopted, the musical sound waveform stored in the waveform memory may be a single-period waveform, but it is preferable to use a multi-period waveform because the sound quality can be improved. A method of storing a multi-period waveform in a waveform memory and reading it out is, for example, a method of storing the entire waveform from the start to the end of sound generation and reading it out once, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-121313, or As shown in No. 58-142396, a method in which a multi-cycle waveform of the attack part and one or more cycle waveforms of the sustaining part is stored, and the waveform of the sustaining part is read out repeatedly after the waveform of the attack part is read out once; As shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-147793, there are various methods such as storing a plurality of discretely sampled waveforms, sequentially switching over and specifying the waveforms to be read out, and repeatedly reading out the specified waveforms. Methods are known, and these may be adopted as appropriate.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that the musical tone signal generation circuit 17 may include not only the above-mentioned musical tone generation channel for generating scale tones, but also a rhythm sound source and various devices for automatic performance functions.

The digital musical tone signal generated by the musical tone signal generation circuit 17 is converted into an analog musical tone signal by a digital/analog converter 18, and is spatially produced via a sound system 19.

The timer 20 generates a clock pulse of a predetermined period, and the timer clock pulse is applied to the CPU 10.
Acts as a timer intertwined signal.

In the embodiment, there are two sound generation modes (hereinafter referred to as pad modes) corresponding to pad operations: a simultaneous sound generation mode and a sequence sound generation mode. First, the first mode, "simultaneous sound production mode", is a mode in which multiple sounds are produced simultaneously in response to the operation of one pad. The second mode, “Sequence sound mode J”
is a mode in which multiple sounds are produced in sequence in response to the operation of one pad. Some mode selection means is provided for selection of pad modes.

In the pad assignment process described above, selection (mode selection) is made as to which pad mode is used to generate sound for a desired pad, and assignment processing is performed in accordance with the selected mode. In this case, the generation time intervals of the sequence sounds in the "sequence sound generation mode" can be set arbitrarily at the time of allocation. For example, a method may be adopted as appropriate, such as selecting and/or specifying sounds to be sequentially produced at desired time intervals, and storing the time interval information together with information on the selected sounds.

In order to allocate a plurality of arbitrary tones to a desired pad, some selection means is provided for selecting a tone to be allotted. - For example, selecting an arbitrary note to be assigned to a pad is performed by pressing a key on a keyboard, and a plurality of scale notes can be assigned to a pad.

Appropriate storage means is provided for storing information on the sounds assigned to each pad according to the selection by the selection means. An appropriate area within the data and working RAM 12 (referred to as pad memory) is used as this storage means.

Figure 2 a, b, a are data and working RAM 12
This shows an example of the format of the pad memory in the .

First, each pad memory P is set for each pad P○ to P4.
An area for DMO-PDM4 is prepared (see FIG. 2a). The storage format in each pad memory PDM◯ to PDM4 differs depending on the currently selected pad mode corresponding to each pad. FIG. 2 shows an example of the storage format in one pad memory PDM in the simultaneous sound generation mode. FIG. 2C shows an example of the storage format in one pad memory PDM in the sequence sound generation mode.

Referring to FIG. 2, the stored data in the simultaneous sound mode will be explained as follows.

PM (PN): Pad mode data 2 PN is the pad number, and the pad (PN) corresponding to this pad memory PDM is
any one of PO to P4) is specified. This data indicates what pad mode is currently selected (assigned) to the pad corresponding to this pad number. It is I(OII) in the simultaneous sound mode, and "1" in the sequence sound mode.

PTC (PN): Pad tone data: This pad number P
This data indicates what tone color is currently assigned to the pad corresponding to N.

This data consists of court data indicating timbre.

Therefore, it is possible to assign a different tone to each pad.

P (PN): Pointer: Not used in simultaneous sound mode, so will be described later.

PAT (PN): Pad assigned sound data: Data of multiple sounds assigned to the pad corresponding to this pad number PN by pad assignment processing, and uses one byte area for each sound.

In this example, a maximum of five notes can be produced simultaneously, so
Five bytes are used to store this pad assignment sound data. The 1-byte data that makes up the data for one note consists of a multi-bit key code that indicates the pitch (key) of the assigned note, and a 1-bit flag that indicates that it has been assigned. Consisting of

TGCHF: Tone source channel flag 2 This is a flag indicating to which tone generation channel each tone indicated by the above assigned tone data is assigned. In the pad assignment process, it is not specified which musical sound generation channel is used to generate each assigned note. Assignment to musical tone generation channels is performed by key assignment processing. This sound source channel flag stores which channel is assigned by key assignment processing. This sound source channel flag consists of 2 bytes = 16 bits, 1 bit corresponds to 1 channel, and 1'' is set in the bit corresponding to the channel to which the pad assigned sound is assigned.

The stored data in the sequence sound generation mode will be explained with reference to FIG. 2C as follows.

PM (PN): Pad mode data: As described above.

PTC (PN): Pat tone data: As described above.

P (PN): Pointer: This is a pointer that indicates the order of events, which will be described later, in order to control the sequential production of sequence sounds.

Sequence data area: This is an area that stores the sequence sound data assigned to the bat corresponding to this bat number PN by pad assignment processing in the order of events (in the order of sound generation timing), and 2-byte area is used for each event. , a total of 20 events = 40 bytes of storage area.

2 bytes of data per event are event data E (PN, p) and duration data D (PN, p).
). p=o, 1, 2.・・・・・・．

19 is the event ranking, and the above pointer P (PN)
Specified by Event data E (PN.

p) consists of a 1-bit event flag and a multi-bit key code indicating the pitch (11) of the assigned note related to the event.
It is. Duration data D (PN, P) is data indicating the time interval from the event to the next event. Note that a predetermined end mark code is stored at the end of the sequence.

TGCHF: Sound source channel flag: As described above.

Next, an example of the processing executed by the microcomputer will be described with reference to flowcharts shown in FIGS. 3 to 12.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the main routine, in which a predetermined initial setting process is first performed, and then "key processing" is performed.

Repeat the "pad processing", "panel switch processing", and "other processing" routines. In "key processing", each key switch in the keyboard circuit 14 is scanned to detect whether it is on or off, and in the case of a key-on event, key-on event processing is performed as shown in FIG. 4, and in the case of a key-off event, the key switch Key-off event processing, an example of which is shown in the figure, is performed.

In "pad processing", each sensor of pads PO to P4 is scanned to detect whether it is on or off, and in the case of a pad-on event, pad-on event processing, an example of which is shown in Figure 6, is performed; performs pad-off event processing, an example of which is shown in FIG. In the "panel switch processing", various operators and switches in the panel switch circuit 15 are scanned to detect whether they are on or off.
Various processes are performed based on the detection. Examples of the processing executed in this "panel switch processing" are shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 10. "Other processing" performs various other processing. One of the processes performed here is the first
There is a sequence control process as shown in Figure 1.

During the execution of the main routine, the clock pulses of the timer 20 are periodically interleaved. In that case,
The timer-interrupted process shown in FIG. 12 is performed. Here, the contents of the timer register TIME are incremented by one. Therefore, timer TIME is free-running and its overflow is ignored.

In addition, in the initial setting process, each pad memory PDMO
- Predetermined initial data may be preset in the PDM 4. Then, when the power is turned on, each pad PO
- A predetermined plurality of tones can be initially assigned to P4. Of course, such initial allocation may not be necessary.

Selection of pad mote The pad mote can be selected by operating the pad assign switch PASW in the panel switch circuit 15 during pad assign processing. For more information,
In this embodiment, the pad assign switch PAS
A putt assignment mode is determined in response to the operation of W, and a punt mode is determined in accordance with this pad assignment mode.

To explain the pad assign mode, it has 0
There are four modes: ~3. These four pad assignment modes are instructed as follows according to the contents of register PAM.

PAM=0 Nibray mode: Indicates a mode for normal performance, that is, no pad assignment processing.

PAM=1: Multiple note assignment mode: Mote used when assigning arbitrary multiple notes to be sounded simultaneously to one desired putt. When this mote is selected, the simultaneous sound mode is selected as the putt mote. In the embodiment, this mode is selected by operating the pad assign switch PASW before operating a desired pad.

PAM=2 Nijikensu plaster application preparation mode: A mode indicating the initial state (preparation state) when assigning arbitrary plural sounds to be sounded in order to one desired pad. When this mode is selected, the sequence sound generation mode is selected as the pad mode. In the example,
This mode is selected by operating the pad assign switch PASW while operating a desired pad.

PAM=3 Nijikensu plaster application memory mode: A mode that indicates that a memorization operation has been entered when applying sequence sounds. In the embodiment, the sequence sound assignment preparation mode (P
When an assigned tone is selected by pressing a desired key when AM=2), the mode is switched to this mode.

When the pad assign switch PASW is operated, the pad assign switch on event process shown in FIG. 8 is executed. First, in step 30, the contents of the pad assignment mode PAM are checked, and if PAM=O, the process goes to step 31, and it is checked whether any of the pad switches PO-P4 are turned on at the same time. If NO, pad assign switch PASW is set to pad switch PO~P4.
This means that the key was pressed earlier than , so the program goes to step 32 and sets the pad assign mode PAM to 1. In this way, the multiple note assignment mode is selected.

If step 31 is YES, go to step 33,
The pad number of the pad that is already turned on is placed in register i. Next, go to step 34 and set pad assignment modes P and AM to 2. In this way, the sequence sound assignment preparation mode is selected.

By operating the pad assign switch PASW again, the pad assign process can be completed, but this point will be described later.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 13, the pad assign switch P
A display such as an LED is provided beside the ASW, and displays a display according to the state of the pad assignment mode PAM. For example, the light goes off when PAM=O, and PAM≠
By controlling the light to turn on when the light is 0, it is possible to display that pad assignment processing is in progress.

Assignment of multiple sounds When PAM is set to 1 as described above, the desired pad (any one of PO-P4) to which one assignment is to be made is turned on while the multiple sound assignment mode is selected. Then, the pad-on event process shown in FIG. 6 starts, the following process is performed, and the sound currently assigned to the pad is produced.

First, the pad number of the turned-on pad is stored in register PN (step 35). Next, check whether the pad assignment mode PAM is 2 or 3 (step 36).
). Since PAM=1 now, the answer is No, and step 3
7 and stores the pad number of register PN in register i. Next, pad mode data PM (PN) is read from the bat memory PDM (one of PDMO-PDM4) corresponding to the pad number of register PN, and it is checked whether it is 110 P+ (step 38). If it is II OII, it is the simultaneous sound mode, and the process of step 39.40 reads the pad assigned sound data P, AT (PN) from the pad memory PDM, and generates a plurality of sounds corresponding to this pad assigned sound data. The plurality of tones are respectively assigned to different channels and generated by the musical tone signal generation circuit 17. On the other hand, if it is not 110", it is a sequence sound mode,
Through steps 41 to 47 and the processing shown in FIG. 11, the event data and duration data of each sequence sound are sequentially read out from the sequence data area of the pad memory PDM, and each sound is assigned to an appropriate channel with a bar, and the musical sound signal generation circuit 17 to generate these sounds. Note that details of the sound generation control in the simultaneous sound generation mode and the sequence sound generation mode will be described later.

In this way, the operator can aurally confirm the sound already assigned to the pad. Then, while keeping the pad on, press the desired key to be newly assigned. Then, the key-on event processing shown in FIG. 4 starts, and the following processing is performed.

First, write the key code of the newly pressed key to register KC.
D (step 48). next.

It is checked whether the tone color code TC of the currently selected tone is "&HFF" indicating keyboard percussion (step 49). Note that keyboard percussion refers to using the keys on the keyboard as percussion instrument sound designators, and in that case, the tone code TC is a predetermined value.
F F ”, and the tone name, that is, the percussion instrument tone name is specified by the key code.

If the pressed key is a normal scale note specified key, step 5
o, perform normal sound processing (including key assignment processing to assign sound to one of the 16 channels),
A musical tone signal having the pitch of the pressed key is generated. If the pressed key is a designated key for keyboard percussion, the process goes to step 51, where a predetermined sound generation process for keyboard percussion is performed.In the next step 52, all pad memories for the channels used in the above sound generation process are Turn off the sound source channel flag TGCHF of the relevant channel in PDMO to PDM4. This is because, if the channel has already been used by a pad, that use is canceled and priority is given to the latest event, which is the sound of the currently pressed key. In the next step 53, the contents of the pad assignment mode PAM are checked, and if PAM=O or 1, this process is ended.

In this way, when one or more desired keys to be assigned to a pad are pressed, the above process is performed for each pressed key.

-If you do not want to assign the key you just pressed to the pad,
All you have to do is release the key. Finally, with one or more desired keys pressed, the pad that had been kept on until then is turned off.

Then, the pad-off event process shown in FIG. 7 starts, and the following process is performed, and musical tones corresponding to one or more keys being depressed are assigned to the pad.

First, the pad number of the pad turned off is stored in the register PN (step 54). Next, the pad memory PDM (PDMO-) corresponding to the pad number of the register PN is stored.
One of PDM4, this is expressed as PDM (PN))
Read pad mode data PM (PN) from P
Check whether M (PN) = “O” (Step 5
5). If YES, the process goes to step 550, and the pad tone data PTC (
PN) and check whether PTC(PN)≠&HFF. If YES, the process goes to step 56, and the channel () in which the sound source channel flag TGCHF is on in the pad memory PDM (PN) is CH in the low diagram.
A key-off signal is sent to the musical tone signal generation circuit 17 (denoted as TG in the flowchart) in response to the tone signal (denoted as TG). This is to cancel the sound generation assignment, since the sound previously assigned to the pad was being produced. In step 57, the sound source channel flag T in the pad memory PDM (PN) related to the off-pad is
Turn off all GCHF.

Even if P M (P N) = "O", that is, the simultaneous sound mode is a keyboard percussion sound, step 550 is No, and the process proceeds to step 57 without performing step 56. This is because keyboard percussion sounds are muted without any particular key-off signal being given.

Furthermore, if the previously assigned sound for the pad is a sequence sound, P M (P N) = 111 T
r, step 55 is No, step 56.
Go to step 58 without performing step 57.

This is because in the case of sequence sounds, muting processing is performed based on event data.

In the next step 58, it is checked whether PAM=1 and PN=i. In the present example, the bat assignment mode PAM=1 since it is the multiple note assignment mode. Register i stores the number of the pad related to the latest pad-off event (step 37 in FIG. 6), and register PN stores the number of the bat related to the current pad-off event. Usually PN=i,
Step 58 becomes YES, and the process goes to step 59. In step 59, it is checked whether there is a currently pressed key.

If there is a pressed key, go to steps 60-62,
Pad memory PDM (any one of PDMO-PDM4) corresponding to the pad number specified by register l
Write allocation data to That is, pad mode data PM(i) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to pad number i is set to 110n, and it is stored that the simultaneous sound mode has been selected for this bat (step 60). and the pad number i
A tone color code TC indicating the currently selected tone is stored as pad tone color data PTC(i) in the bat memory PDM corresponding to (step 60). Furthermore, the key code of the currently pressed key is written as pad assigned sound data FAT (PN) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to pad number i (step 61). In this case, key codes of up to five tones can be written, and when the number of keys pressed simultaneously is six or more, only five keys are selected according to predetermined priority selection criteria and the key codes are written. The priority selection criteria may be determined as appropriate, such as prioritizing high tones, prioritizing low tones, or prioritizing keys pressed at the latest time. In addition, an on flag 1" indicating assignment is set corresponding to the written key code. If the number of keys pressed at the same time is less than 5 notes, data indicating no key code is placed in the remaining area where no key code is stored. "&HOO'" and the off flag On are stored (step 62).

As described above, when you press one or more desired keys to be assigned to the pad that was turned on and then turn off the pad that has been turned on, the sound information corresponding to the one or more rows is is stored in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad.

In this way, the desired one or more tones are assigned to the pad.

In addition, if you do not intend to change the assignment after turning on a pad to make the sound assigned to it sound and confirming it, do not press any keys to select the new assigned sound. Then, turn off the pad. In that case, step 59 will be NO, so steps 60 to 6
The process ends without performing process 2.

In addition, if the first pad is turned on, and before it is turned off, another second pad is turned on, and then the first pad is turned off, PN=i in step 58 does not hold. , steps 60 to 62 are not performed. When the second pad is turned off, PN=i in step 58 is established, and steps 60 to 62 are performed.

Note that the tone color of the assigned sound can also be freely selected. In this embodiment, when assigning scale notes to pads, only one type of tone can be assigned to each pad. In that case, the desired tone to be assigned is selected in advance using the panel switch circuit 15. When the timbre switch of a desired timbre is turned on, the timbre switch-on event process shown in FIG. 10 is performed, and the timbre code TC corresponding to the turned-on timbre switch is registered as information on the selected timbre. By storing this tone color code TC as bat tone color data PTC(i) in step 60 of FIG. 7, a desired tone color is assigned. in this case,
Although the tone color information regarding multiple tones assigned to one pad is common, it is of course possible to assign a different tone color to each tone as a modification example.

It is also possible to assign keyboard percussion sounds to pads. To do this, set the keyboard percussion mode in advance.

The keyboard percussion mode is a keyboard percussion switch K provided in the panel switch circuit 15.
It is turned on and off according to the operation of the PSW. When the keyboard percussion switch KPSW is turned on, the keyboard percussion switch on event process shown in FIG. 9 is performed. First, it is checked whether the tone color code TC is a predetermined value "&HFF" indicating the keyboard percussion mode (step 63). If you are not already in keyboard percussion mode, press N.

The tone code TC at that time is stored in the buffer TCB.
After saving to UF (step 64), tone code TC
The code “&H” indicating the keyboard percussion mode
FF" (step 65). After changing to keyboard percussion mode, turn on the desired pad and press the key corresponding to the desired keyboard percussion sound. Then, as described above, turn off the bat. Then, the key code of the pressed key is stored in the pad memory PDM along with the tone code TC indicating keyboard percussion mode.If you want to cancel keyboard percussion mode, turn on the keyboard percussion switch KPSW again.This time, step 63 branches to YES, and the tone code stored in the buffer TCBUF is re-registered as the tone code TC (step 66).As shown in FIG. is provided, and displays according to the state of the keyboard percussion switch mode.For example, when the keyboard percussion mode is selected (TC=&HFF), it lights up, and when it is not selected (TC ≠&HFF) Control the light to turn off.

To end the multiple note assignment mode, turn on the pad assign switch PASW again. Then,
In step 30 of FIG. 8, it is determined that PAM=1 (multi-note assignment mode), and the process proceeds to step 67, where the contents of pad assignment mode PAM are reset to PAM=O (play mode).

Assigning Sequence Sounds If you wish to assign sequence sounds as described above, first turn on the desired pad (any one of PO-P4). Then, the pad on event processing shown in FIG. 6 starts, and since PAM=2 or 3 at this time, step 36 branches to No, and the same processing as described above is performed, and the pad on event processing shown in FIG. A sound is pronounced. After checking the assigned sounds, if you want to assign a new sequence sound to this pad,
Turn on the pad assign switch PASW. Then, step 31 in FIG. 8 branches to YES, and the pad number of the pad that is turned on is stored in register i.
PAM=2 is set to enter the sequence location allocation preparation mode. After setting PAM=2, the bat may be turned off at any time. Sequence sounds are assigned/memorized by pressing #!, not by pad off timing. /Performed for each key release event.

After setting PAM=2, the operator sequentially presses desired keys specifying the plurality of sounds to be assigned as sequence sounds at desired timing. In this case, 2
There is no problem even if the above keys are pressed more than once. In response to this series of key operations, the key-on event process shown in FIG. 4 is performed when the key is pressed, and the key-off event process shown in FIG. 5 is performed when the user leaves home. Then, for each event, sequence data is stored in the pad memory PDM and a sequence sound is assigned, as will be explained below.

When a key is pressed, the key code of the pressed key is registered in the register KCD and the corresponding musical tone is generated by the processing of steps 48 to 52 in FIG.

When the first key is pressed, PAM=2 is still present, so in step 53 it is determined that PAM=2, and in step 6
Go to 8. In step 68, set the pad assign mode to P.
Set AM=3 to set the sequence sound allocation storage mode. Next, pad mode data PM(i) in the pad memory PDM (one of PDMO to PDM4) corresponding to the pad number of register i is set to "1", and the sequence sound mode is set corresponding to the second pad. The selection is stored (step 69). Then, a tone code TC indicating the currently selected tone is stored as pad tone color data PTC(i) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i (step 69).

Next, the predetermined one-bar time length data MJL is added to the current value of the timer TIME, and the result is stored in the sequence end time register ENDT (step 70).

This is because, for example, one phrase of sequenced sounds is limited to a time corresponding to one bar. Next, the pointer P (i) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i of the pad to be allocated is set to an initial value of 0 (step 71). Next, in the sequence data area (see FIG. 2C) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number 1, the first event data E (i, o) specified by the pointer P (i)=O
As, the key code of register KCD (that is, the key code of the key just suppressed) and the on-event flag t
r 1 tr is stored (step 72), and the current value of timer TIME is stored in the old time register 0LD.
T is set, thereby storing the current event occurrence time (step 73).

When the second or subsequent keys are pressed, PAM=3 has already been reached.
Therefore, in step 53, it is determined that PAM=3, and the process goes to step 74. In step 74, timer T
The value of the old time register ○LDT is subtracted from the current value of IME to obtain the difference between the previous event occurrence time and the current event occurrence time, that is, the event time interval, and store it in the duration register D. Next, pad number i
In the sequence data area (see FIG. 2C) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pointer P (i
) The time interval data stored in the duration register D is stored as the duration data D (i, P(i)) of the event order specified by (
Step 75). For example, if P(i) is 20, the time interval data of the duration register D is stored as the duration data D (i, O) of the first event order. next.

Increment the pointer P (i) by 1 and specify the next event order (that is, the order of the current event) (step 76
).

In the next step 77, event data E (i, P(i)) of the event order specified by pointer P(i) is stored in the sequence data area (see FIG. 2C) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to pad number i.
), the key code of the register KCD (that is, the key code of the key related to the current on event) and the on event flag 1'' are stored.In the next step 78, the value of the pointer P (i) reaches the maximum value 19. Check out Taka.

If No, the process goes to step 79, and the current value of the timer TIME is set in the old time register 0LDT.

In this way, in response to a new key-on event, duration data o (1,
P(i)) and event data E(i, P(i)+1) related to the current event ranking are written.

When the pressed key is released, the key-off event process shown in FIG. 5 starts. First, the key code of the key released this time is registered in the register KCD (step 80).
. Next, it is checked whether the tone color code TC of the currently selected tone is "&HFF" indicating keyboard percussion (step 81). If the released key is a normal scale note specifying key, step 81 is No, and the process goes to step 82, where normal muting processing is performed. For example, as is well known, a key-off signal is sent corresponding to the channel to which the released key is assigned, and the volume envelope of that channel is switched to attenuation mode, thereby attenuating the sound of the musical tone signal related to the key release. to erase. Next step 83
Now, check whether the pad assignment mode is PAM=3.

In the current example, since PAM=3, Y
ES, go to step 84.

The processing in steps 84 to 89 is performed in steps 74 to 7 in FIG.
This is almost the same as the process in step 9. The difference is that step 87
Then, as the event data E (i, P(i)) of the event order specified by the pointer P(i), the key code of the register KCD (that is, the key code of the key related to the current off event) and the off event flag 0. In this way, even when responding to a key-off event, the duration data D (i, P(i)) related to the previous event ranking and the event data E related to the current event ranking are similarly stored. (i, P(
i)+1) is written.

If the released key is a keyboard percussion designated key, the answer to step 81 is YES, and the key-off event processing is ended without performing any further processing. This is because the percussion sound attenuates regardless of the key release operation, so no special muting process is required.

The non-increment in step 86 causes the pointer P to
If the value of (i) reaches the maximum value 19, step 88
becomes YES, and the process goes to step 90. Here, the pad assignment mode is set to PAM=0, that is, the play mode (step 90), and the duration data D (i.

19) Write the specified end mark code in the position (
Step 91). Then, set the value of pointer P(i) to “&H
FF". This completes the pad assignment process.

The case where the value of pointer P(i) reaches the maximum value 19 during key-on event processing is the same as described above, and step 78 in FIG. 4 becomes YES, and steps 90 to 92
The pad assignment process is completed by performing steps 93 to 95 that are exactly the same as above.

On the other hand, the sequence control process shown in FIG. 11 is performed every time the main routine is passed once. Here, first, the pad assignment mode is checked (step 96). As mentioned above, when the sequence sound allocation storage mode is being executed, PAM=3, and the process goes to step 97, where the timer TI is set.
It is checked whether the current value of ME matches or exceeds the value of the sequence end time register ENDT.

If No, this routine ends, but if Yes, steps 98 to 100 are executed.

The processing in steps 98 to 100 is exactly the same as steps 90 to 92 in FIG. 5 described above, and thus the sequence sound assignment processing is completed.

Further, the sequence sound assignment processing can also be ended by turning on the pad assign switch PASW once again while the sequence sound assignment storage mode is being executed. In that case, it is determined in step 30 of FIG. 8 that PAM=3, and the processes of steps 101 to 103 are executed.

The processing in steps 101 to 103 is completely similar to steps 90 to 92 in FIG. 5 described above.

Note that if another pad is turned on while the sequence sound assignment process is being performed for the pad, the pad assignment mode PAM is 2 or 3, so when that other pad is turned on. In the key-on event process shown in FIG. 6, which is executed in step 36, the answer is YES, and the process returns to the main routine without performing the key-on event process.

Simultaneous sound production of multiple sounds By turning on a desired pad, multiple sounds assigned to that bat can be produced.

When the pad is turned on, the pad-on event processing shown in FIG. 6 starts as described above, reads the pad mode data PM (PN) from the pad memory PDM (PN) corresponding to the pad, and sets the pad-on event processing as described above. It is checked whether or not (step 38).

If the pad mode selected corresponding to the pad is the simultaneous sound mode, PM (PN) = "O", and the processing of steps 39 and 40 is performed.

In step 39, the pad assigned sound data FA of the pad memory PDM (PN) corresponding to the turned-on pad is
One or more key codes assigned to the pad are read from the area T (PN) and assigned to different channels. Assign these key codes to the musical tone signal generation circuit 1 corresponding to the channels.
7, the key code and key-on signal are sent. Also.

The pad tone data PTC (PN) is read from the pad memory PDM (PN), and this is also generated by the musical tone signal generation circuit 1.
Send to 7. In the corresponding channels of the musical tone signal generation circuit 17, musical tone signals corresponding to these one or more key codes are formed and generated using tones corresponding to the tone color data.

In this way, by one pad operation, one or more tones assigned to the turned-on pad are simultaneously sounded. For example, if a desired chord is assigned to the pad, the chord can be easily played by operating the pad once. Moreover, since the pad assignments can be changed as appropriate depending on the purpose of the performance, a limited number of pads can be used efficiently as performance controls for various chords or arbitrary multiple notes. Easy to operate.

In step 40, corresponding to the channel assigned in the previous step, the pad memory PDM (PN) is
Set the sound source channel flag TGCHF to 1n.

When a pad that was turned on is turned off, as mentioned above,
The pad off event processing shown in FIG. 7 starts, and the pad mode data PM of the pad related to the current off event is
(PN) and pad tone data PTC (PN) are PM
Check whether (PN)=“O” is PTC(PN)≠&HFF (steps 55 and 550). If it is the simultaneous sound mode and the normal tone, the process goes to step 56, and the channel (sound source channel flag TGCH) to which one or more sounds assigned to the pad is assigned to sound is
Sends a key-off signal to the channel on which F is on. As a result, the sound generated by the channel is brought into an attenuated sounding state after the key is released, and one or more sounds corresponding to the pad are muted. Thereafter, the process goes to step 57, and all tone source channel flags TGCHF in the pad memory PDM (pN) related to the off-pad are turned off. If the tone assigned to the pad is a keyboard percussion tone, the answer to step 550 is NO, and the process proceeds to step 57 without performing step 56. This is because the processing of step 56 is unnecessary because the keyboard percussion sound is attenuated without any special key-off processing.

Note that keyboard percussion sounds may be generated by a dedicated percussion sound generation channel or device without being assigned to the 16 channels that generate scale sounds.

Sound of the sequence sound When a desired pad is turned on, the pad-on event processing shown in FIG. 6 starts as described above, and the pad mode data PM is stored in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad.
(PN) is read and it is checked whether it is "O" (step 38).

If the pad mode selected corresponding to the pad is the sequence sound generation mode, PM (PN) = "1", and the process proceeds to step 41 to start the sequence sound generation process.

In step 41, the pointer P(PN) in the pad memory PDM(PN) of the turned-on pad is set to O to indicate the first event order. Next, the sequence data area (
(See Figure 2 C), the event data E (PN) of the first event order indicated by pointer P (PN) =
, O) and the duration data D (PN, O) are read out, and the sound corresponding to the key code indicated by the event data E (PN, O) is produced (step 42). This sound generation process is almost the same as the process in steps 39 and 40 described above, and the event data E (P
The key code indicated by N, O) is assigned to one of the channels, and the key code, key-on signal, and pad tone data PTC (PN) are sent to the corresponding channel of the musical tone signal generation circuit 17, thereby generating the corresponding key code. In the channel of the musical tone signal generation circuit 17, one musical tone signal corresponding to the key coat is formed with a tone color corresponding to the tone color data and is generated. Also, the tone source channel flag TGCHF corresponding to the assigned channel is turned on.

In step 43, the read duration data D
Check whether (PN, O) is an end mark code. If NO, go to step 44, add the duration data D (PN, O) to the current value of the timer TIME, and store the addition result in the next event time register NEXT (PN) corresponding to the pad number PN. . The value of NEXT(P N) indicates the time at which the next event will occur. Then pointer P (PN
) is increased by 1 (step 45).

If the read duration data D (PN, 0
) is an end mark code, the process goes to step 46 and predetermined sequence end processing is performed.

Here, the processing necessary to end the generation of the sequence tones is performed, for example, if a key-off signal has not been issued yet, a key-off signal is given to the musical tone signal generation circuit 17, and the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number PN is (P
Processing such as turning off all sound source channel flags TGCHF in N) is performed. Then, pointer P (P
N) is set to a predetermined end value &HFF, and the process ends (step 47).

As described above, in the case of a pad-on event, processing is performed to generate the sequence sound of the first event order assigned to the pad. Processing of the second and subsequent events is performed in the sequence control process shown in FIG. This sequence control process is repeated every time the main routine is repeated.

PAM for play mode or multiple note assignment mode
=O or PAM=1, so step 9 in Figure 11
6, the process branches to step 104.

In step 104, the pad number register PN is preset to 0. Next, in step 105, pad mode data PM (PN) and pointer P (PN) are retrieved from the pad memory PDM (PN) specified by PN.
Read out, PM (PN) = “1” and P (PN)
Check whether ≠&HFF. If the sound generation mode assigned to this pad number PN is not the sequence sound mode, or if the pointer P (PN) is set to the predetermined end value &HFF even if it is the sequence sound mode, the process goes to step 106 and the pad number Check whether PN has reached the maximum value of 4. If the pad number PN has not yet been reached, the process goes to step 107 and the pad number PN is incremented by one. Then, the process returns to step 105 and the above determination is made regarding the pad number PN incremented by 1.

If the sound generation mode assigned to this pad number PN is the sequence sound mode and the pointer P (PN) has not yet been set to the predetermined end value &HFF,
Step 105 is YES, and the process goes to step 108, where the next event time data is extracted from the register NEXT (PN) specified by PN and compared with the current value of timer 74ME. When the current value of the timer TIME matches or exceeds the next event time NEXT (PN), the process goes to step 109, but the timer TI is still
The current value of ME is the next event time NEXT(P N )
If not reached, go to step 106 and repeat the loop of steps 106, 107, and 105 described above.
When the above-mentioned check is completed for all five pad numbers, PN=4 becomes YES, and this sequence control process ends.

As this sequence control process is repeated several times, the current value of timer TIME changes to the next event time NEXT (PN
), step 108 becomes YES and the process goes to step 109. In step 109, the pointer P( of the pad memory PDM (PN) specified by PN is
The current value of the pad memory PDM (PN) is read out and the current value of the pad memory PDM (
Event data E (PN, P (PN)) and duration data D (PN, P (PN)) of the event order indicated by the pointer P (PN) from the sequence data area (see Figure 2 C) of PN). is read out, and the sound corresponding to the key code indicated by the event data E (PN, P(PN)) is generated or muted. The event data E (PN.

If the flag P(PN)) is an on flag indicating a key press, a sound generation process is performed, and if it is an off flag indicating a key release, a mute process is performed. This sound generation process is almost the same as the process in step 42 described above, and the event data E (PN,
The key code indicated by P(PN)) is assigned to one of the channels, and the key code, key-on signal, and bat tone data PTC(PN) are sent to the channel of the musical tone signal generation circuit 17, thereby In the channel of the musical tone signal generation circuit 17, one musical tone signal corresponding to the key code is formed and generated using a tone color corresponding to the tone color data. Also, the tone source channel flag TGCHF corresponding to the assigned channel is turned on. The muting process is performed using the event data E (PN, P(P
A key-off signal is sent to the musical tone signal generation circuit 17 corresponding to the channel to which the key code related to the off-event indicated by N)) is assigned. The sound source channel flag T indicates which channel is assigned.
This is determined by GCHF. For the channel that sent the key-off signal, its sound source channel flag TGCHF
It's best to turn it off.

In this way, in the case of an off-event, muting processing is performed in step 109, and the sequence sound related to the off-event that has been generated up to that point is muted.

Furthermore, in the case of an on-event, sound generation processing is performed in step 109, and a new sequence sound is produced.

In step 110, it is checked whether the read duration data D (PN, P(PN)) is an end mark code. If No, the process goes to step 111, and the current value of the timer TIME is set to the corresponding duration data D (P
N, P(PN)), and the addition result is stored in the next event time register NEXT corresponding to the corresponding pad number PN.
Store in (PN). After that, the value of the pointer P (P N) indicated by -PN is increased by 1 (step 1
12).

If the read duration data D (PN, P
(PN)) is the end mark code, step 1
13 to 114, and performs a predetermined sequence end process and pointer reset process similar to steps 46 and 47 (FIG. 6) described above.

As described above, a plurality of sounds assigned as sequence sounds are sequentially sounded according to the event data and duration data stored in the sequence data area.

Modification Example In the above embodiment, the assignment determination process in response to the off operation of the performance controller according to the present invention is carried out in the multi-position assignment mode. Of course, the present invention can also be practiced in the following.

Further, the number of performance operators is not limited to a plurality of pieces, and may be only one.

Furthermore, the details of the processing method for assigning desired sounds to pads are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be changed as appropriate.

Further, the process of assigning desired sounds to pads and various other processes are not limited to software processes using a microcomputer as in the above-described embodiments, but may be performed by a dedicated hardware circuit.

The performance operator to which a desired sound can be assigned is not limited to the pad (operator with a resilient operation surface) shown in the above embodiment, but any other operator may be used.

Furthermore, the sensor of the performance operator may not only detect the on/off state of the operation, but also detect the operation touch, and control the generated sound in accordance with this touch.

In the above embodiment, a keyboard or a tone designation switch is used as a means for specifying a desired assigned tone.
The present invention is not limited to this, and any other appropriate data input means may be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the assignment of a sound to a performance controller is determined when the performance controller is switched from on to off. , you can freely change the assigned sounds. Therefore, even if you make a mistake in specifying the assigned note, you only need to specify the assigned note again, and there is no need to turn on the performance controller again, making the assignment process easier. It has the excellent effect of

Also, when you turn on a performance controller, the assignment content is not changed yet, so you can sound the assigned sound in response to the on operation, and after listening to and confirming the assigned sound, After specifying a desired assigned note, when the performance operator is turned off, the specified note is newly assigned.

Therefore, the production operation of the already assigned note and the operation of assigning the new note can be performed with a single on/off operation of the performance operator, which provides an excellent effect of simplifying the operation.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a hardware configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a storage format of data and a pad memory in a working RAM, and FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of a main routine executed by the microcomputer of the same embodiment. 4 is a flow diagram showing an example of key-on event processing executed in the key processing of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a flow diagram showing an example of key-off event processing executed in the key processing of FIG. 3. FIG. 6 is a flow diagram showing an example of pad-on event processing executed in the pad processing of FIG. 3. FIG. 7 is a flow diagram showing an example of pad-off event processing executed in the pad processing of FIG. 3, and FIG.
9 is a flow diagram showing an example of the pad assignment switch on event process executed in the panel switch process of FIG. 3; FIG. 9 is a flow diagram showing an example of the keyboard percussion switch on event process executed in the panel switch process of FIG. 3; FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the tone switch-on event process executed in the panel switch process of FIG. 3. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of the sequence control process executed in the main routine of FIG. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the timer-interrupted processing shown in FIG. 12, and FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a switch provided in the panel switch circuit of FIG. 10... Central processing unit (CPU), 11... Data and program ROM, 12... Data and working RAM, 13... Data and address bus 13
．． 14... Keyboard circuit, 15... Panel switch circuit 15.16... Display, PO-P4... Pad, 1
7... Musical sound signal generation circuit, 18... Digital/analog converter, 19... Sound system, 20...
・Timer, PDMO-PDM4...pad memory, P
ASW...Pad assign switch. Patent applicant Yamaha Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) a performance operator; an assigned sound specifying means for specifying a note to be assigned to the performance operator; and an apparatus for assigning the sound specified by the assigned note specifying means when the performance operator is switched from on to off. An electronic musical instrument comprising: an assignment control means for controlling assignment to an operator; and a musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal corresponding to a tone assigned to the performance operator when the performance operator is turned on. . (2) The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the musical tone generating means generates a musical tone signal corresponding to the specified tone when a tone is specified by the assigned tone specifying means. (3) The assignment control means has a readable and writable storage means for storing information on the sounds assigned to the performance operators, and the musical sound generation means is configured to have a readable and writable storage means for storing information on the sounds assigned to the performance operators, and the musical tone generation means is configured to store the information on the sounds assigned to the performance operators. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the electronic musical instrument generates a musical tone signal of a tone assigned to the performance operator based on sound information.