JPH04169507A - Method for controlling lawn disease injury - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent microbial contamination of lawn without causing problems in environmental pollution, etc., by pressing and drying seeds of citrus fruits, passing the seeds through a drying step, pulverizing the dried seeds, providing a treated substance or pressing the seeds thereof and affording a seed juice and treating the lawn with the resultant treated substance or seed juice. CONSTITUTION:Disease injuries of lawn are controlled by applying a treated substance obtained from seeds of citrus fruits (preferably grapefruit or lemon) or a seed juice to lawn. The seeds of citrus fruits are predried at a low temperature to provide a raw material and the dried raw material is pressed and pulverized to produce an antimicrobial ingredient. Even seeds ruptured simply by pressing are capable of sufficiently exhibiting function as the antimicrobial ingredient in soil. Extracts obtained by physical extraction of fresh seeds by pressing, etc., or chemical extraction with alcohols, etc., can also be used. The aforementioned active ingredient is sprayed as a mixture with fertilizers, etc., or effectively used for controlling disease injuries with fungi of the genus Rhizoctonia by spiking application.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention can be used before or at the early stage of the occurrence of soil-borne diseases on lawns at golf courses, etc., to prevent the occurrence of various diseases that impair the growth of lawns. , or how to conserve and manage lawns by controlling them.

(Prior art) Large patch (RhizocLonia 5olani) is a disease that frequently occurs in lawns.
) Brown batch (Rhizokutonia 5ol
ani) Spring baldness (Pythium) (C
eratobasidium 7) is known to occur on the lawns of golf courses, green areas, etc., causing the lawns to wither and die.
This causes the appearance to be unsightly. Once these diseases occur, they settle in the soil of the lawn's rhizosphere and are extremely difficult to control (Agriculture and Horticulture Vol. 265, No. 6, p. 737-742, 1990).

Currently, as a method for controlling these soil-borne diseases of lawns, chemical control methods are widely adopted, such as spraying pesticides obtained through chemical synthesis such as chlorothalonil agents, thiuram agents, cabtan agents, and benomyl agents.

All of these are highly dangerous methods that have caused environmental pollution, which has become a problem in recent years, and the current situation is that we are waiting for the emergence of natural bactericidal ingredients to replace them. Attempts at ecological control using microorganisms and chemical control using natural products through the use of bactericidal plant components have been attracting attention as means to reduce the impact of these methods on environmental pollution. The present invention is constituted by techniques belonging to the latter category.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention focuses on the antibacterial properties of citrus seed components, and is based on the completely new finding that this component controls large patch, brown patch, and spring bald disease fungi.

Currently, citrus seeds are not edible and are discarded, but they are obtained in large quantities at fruit juice processing factories.

Citrus fruits as used in the present invention are a general term for edible Rutaceae plants such as grapefruit, Satsuma mandarin orange, honeysuckle, summer mandarin orange, lemon, lime, and orange, and the present invention can be applied to any of these. Grapefruit and lemon seeds are more preferred.

These seeds are dried and stored at low temperatures in advance and used as raw materials. The antibacterial component is obtained by squeezing and crushing this dried product. Particles that have simply been subjected to compression cracks can sufficiently function as an antibacterial component in soil. On the other hand, a similar effect is of course observed with fresh extracts. In this case, methods such as physical extraction, such as squeezing, and chemical extraction using solvents such as alcohols are used. Recently, an extract corresponding to this has been marketed under the trade name ``Relief'' (manufactured and sold by Kyokuto Kagaku Sangyo) for the purpose of food preservation. There have been no studies on the bactericidal properties of commercially available extracts, such as these, against microorganisms contaminating soil and plants. The present invention is the first to demonstrate that microorganisms that cause diseases in lawn management can be controlled in a field ecosystem. The present invention is constituted by such novel findings.

The content of the active ingredient varies depending on the citrus fruit, but it is more convenient to spray it as a mixed composition with, for example, ascorbic acid, valmitin, artificial soil, etc.

For dried and pressed grains, the plowing method is most often used, and in this case, they are used as a mixed composition with organic or inorganic fertilizers.

In the case of any of the compositions, the spiking method can be used to control diseases caused by Rhizoctonia bacteria more effectively. Specifically, we are using a method known in the industry as ``spiking,'' which is used to improve the vegetation environment. For more information, see “Lawn management for golf” (”
Truf Management for Golf Co.
"urses" by J, B, Heard: Burge
sePublishing Co, , U, S, ^
, ) Perform the following tasks in sequence according to the methods described in detail on page 150, including equipment and operating methods. According to this method, the time required for maintenance is significantly reduced.

Conventional chemical methods using pesticides are effective (even if control is achieved, it takes 100% to restore normal conditions).
However, when using the citrus seed components of the present invention, the components in the seeds are naturally integrated by acids, fatty acid esters, amino acids, essential oil components, and polyphenols within one week after application. It is composed of a mixture of These act collectively and synergistically to combat the target lawn-contaminating microorganisms, and the mechanism of action is complex.

In any case, the ingredients that exhibit microbial control effects are effective when applied directly, preventively, or in the early stages of control.
It is convenient to formulate the composition into an easy-to-use form such as a liquid, powder, or granule.

In the case of a liquid preparation, the extract obtained from the seeds is appropriately processed (diluted, made into a transparent liquid, etc.), a spreading agent (surfactant) is added to this, and as a stabilizer such as ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, etc. Blend.

In the case of making a powder, the treated seed material as a material is uniformly dispersed and adsorbed in an inorganic adsorbent containing phosphoric acid, alumina, zeolite, etc., or artificial soil, if a liquid is used. When dried and crushed seeds are directly plowed into the lawn soil, the soil's microbial ecosystem has a preventive effect, such as eliminating pathogenic bacteria. The lawn appeared to have almost recovered in one month.

The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to Examples, but these are merely illustrative and do not limit the present invention in any way.

Example 1 A large number of grapefruit seeds were collected, washed with water and dried in the sun for 24 hours, and dried seeds with a moisture content of 15% or less were obtained in a low temperature ventilation dryer at 37°C.

The obtained dried seeds were ground in a coffee mill, and 800 g of finely powdered lilygel was added to 200 g of this powder and thoroughly mixed and ground to prepare a powder composition sample.

Large patch (R
hizokutonia bacterium), and at the time when initial symptoms were shown by immunological reaction, 2 g of the above composition was applied.
was evenly distributed. After 3 months, the lawn in the planter showed growth comparable to that in the normal area, but in the contaminated area where the above composition was not sprayed, more than 80% of the grass was dead, and the top appeared to be chlorophyll green. The condition was shown in which the presence of leaf pieces with the presence of the leaves was not recognized.

Example 2 The dried lemon seeds obtained in accordance with Example 1 were processed using a compressor to obtain 5 kg of specimens of ruptured seeds in the form of flakes.

25 kg of compost was thoroughly mixed with this and applied by spiking to 10 areas of a golf course affected by spring baldness (Pythium bacterium). After the 15th day, the lawn began to recover, and after 1 day, it appeared to be in a normal state, and after 3 months, an immunological assay showed negative results for Pythium bacteria.

Example 3 Commercially available citrus seed extract "Relief" in 15 m2 area where brown patch (Rhizoctonia fungus) occurred
(Product name: Kyokuto Kagaku Sangyo Co., Ltd.) The equivalent of 20 g/kg was adsorbed onto theolite, and the dried sample was applied by spiking to the equivalent of 500 g, and the lawn condition recovered on the 20th.

Example 4゜The contents of mixed citrus seeds discharged from an orange juice factory were squeezed out using a compressor, and the resulting seed juice (0.2% erythorbic acid, spreading agent "Sanfomate", trade name: Hokuko Chemical Co., Ltd. 0) A sample was obtained by adsorbing 15 g/kg (containing .5%) on powdered crab shell.

Approximately 6m2 large patch (R11iz
□ctonia bacteria) One month after spraying on the infected lawn, the lawn appeared to be healthy and the lawn showed negative results in the Rhizoctonia immune reaction test.

(Effects of the Invention) By using natural ingredients obtained from citrus seeds, microbial contamination of lawns can be controlled without using agricultural chemicals that cause environmental pollution.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for controlling lawn diseases, which comprises treating lawns with a composition containing a treated product obtained by compressing and drying citrus seeds, or by crushing them through a drying process. 2. A method for controlling lawn diseases, which comprises treating lawns with a composition containing seed components from citrus seeds.