KR100505819B1 - Control Agent for Powdery Mildew of Plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a powdery mildew control agent of a plant comprising the quinine as an active ingredient, the present invention provides a powdery mildew control agent of a plant containing the water or organic solvent extract of the quinine as an active ingredient. Powdery mildew control agent comprising the quinine of the present invention as an active ingredient is excellent in controlling and curing powdery mildew of crops, and also has the effect of improving the growth, rooting, and disease resistance of crops, and almost no risk for human toxicity and environmental pollution. It can be used safely.

Description

Powdery mildew control plant {Control Agent for Powdery Mildew of Plants}

The present invention relates to a powdery mildew control agent of a plant containing the quinine as an active ingredient.

In agriculture, chemical pesticides are widely used for mass production of crops. These chemical pesticides are used differently depending on the type of crops and pests, and there are now hundreds of species. In recent years, due to the continuous use of chemical pesticides has become a major problem of resistance to pests, toxic pesticides are detected in the agricultural products more than the allowable value in many cases lose the value as food.

Therefore, the development of plant pest control agents that are not toxic to livestock and low in environmental pollution are the researchers' biggest task. As a way to solve this problem, active research and development of microbial agents and products using natural products are active, and some products are already sold. However, these microbial agents and natural products known to date are very low in the amount of control, so the amount of use is very low, and the development of eco-friendly products is still insufficient at the same time.

The pathogens of powdery mildew are known as pathogens such as Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Sphaerotheca pannosa, Sphaerotheca humuli, Sphaerotheca phaseoli, Sphaerotheca glycines, Leveillua taurica, and Eryshipe cichoraeearum . . Powdery mildew is a plant disease that causes a lot of damage not only in plant cultivation but also in the open field. Powdery mildew is a disease with a wide range of onset temperature of 17-25 ℃ and humidity of 23-99%. In open field cultivation, it usually occurs in May-June and September-November, but in plant cultivation, it occurs all year except in summer heat. Plants affected by powdery mildew are mainly cucumbers, melons, melons, pumpkins, eggplants, peppers, tomatoes, strawberries, peaches, apples, grapes, roses, gerberas, wolfberry, peony, and barley. In powdery mildew, symptoms vary somewhat depending on the crop, but most of the leaves, stems and fruits bloom white powdery mildew, and as the disease progresses, the diseased tissues deform rapidly as the diseased tissues necrosis by inhibiting photosynthesis and respiration. I will die. Therefore, powdery mildew spread on the leaves causes ultra-deterioration due to the leaves and leaves on the leaves, the growth of stems, and the inability to harvest the fruits, resulting in a large decrease in yield. Powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying with chemicals, but pathogens are pure parasitic and form endogenous mycelia, so they spread in the air in the form of conidia. Therefore, periodical control is required, and if the control fails, the power of the plant falls and the fruit becomes poor and the yield is greatly reduced.

The gallnut is an insect bag of Rhus chinensis , an insect aphid, and has an irregular pouch and hollow inside. The chemical components of the gall bladder include gallotannin, resin, starch and tannin. In oriental medicine, it is mainly used for diseases such as astringent, hemostasis, detoxification, diarrhea, gastric ulcer, bloody stool, hematuria, burns and stomatitis. In addition, the magnolia has excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Pneumococcus, Typhoid bacillus, Hepatitis B, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

As chemicals for controlling powdery mildew, Myclobutanil hydrate, Fenarimol emulsion, Thiophanate hydrate, Benomyl hydrate, Triadimefon hydrate, Sulfur sulphate, Chinomethionate and the like are conventionally used. In addition, recently, baking soda, clay, oil and synthetic surfactants have been used for controlling powdery mildew in crops, and non-toxic plant extracts and microorganisms have been tried, but control effects are low.

Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a new environmentally friendly control agent while effectively controlling powdery mildew by extracting the active substance from the gall bladder to reveal the powdery mildew control effect.

The present invention relates to a herbal medicine that can be used for efficient control of phytopathogenic powdery mildew disease, which is not only excellent in controlling powdery mildew but also obtains plant resistance, and does not cause weakening of crops and has little toxin toxicity. The purpose is to provide a phosphorus preparation.

In the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, check the powdery mildew control effect for the extract extracted each of the five gall with water and an organic solvent. According to the identified control effect, in the present invention, a powdery mildew control agent of a plant containing a gall bladder water or an organic solvent extract as an active ingredient is provided. As the extraction solvent of the quintet, water and methanol were used in the examples of the present invention, but not limited thereto. In addition, organic solvents such as ethanol, butanol, acetone, ether, chloroform, and nucleic acid may be used. In addition, the extraction method and the extraction solvent may vary depending on the characteristics of the crop and the addition conditions in the formulation, but is not limited to the above. In one embodiment of the present invention, the fine powder obtained by crushing the gall bladder with a grinder or the gall bladder extract as described above is used as a watering agent (watering solution or watering agent for watering). The watering preparation may specifically include a gall bladder extract or a gall bladder micropowder pulverized by a grinder as a single ingredient, or may be mixed with other herbal medicines (eg, soybeans) having an antimicrobial effect. Direct application of the gallant's powder formulation may also be used for use. In addition, the gall bladder extract or powder of this invention is not limited to the manufacturing process shown in the following Example, It can manufacture also by another method.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The gall bladder used in the present invention is a material that can be easily obtained in the current herbal medicine, and used to extract methanol and water, respectively.

In the present invention, the fungus used for measuring the antimicrobial activity of fungi causing powdery mildew was used separately from the leaves and fruits of strawberries and cucumbers with severe powdery mildew.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention in more detail. Since these examples are only illustrative of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Water Extract of Mellitus

After crushing using a grinder, 2L water was added to 1 kg of the powder, and the mixture was left at room temperature for about 12 hours, followed by centrifugation of the extract to collect the supernatant, followed by concentration.

The results of the germination test of the gall bladder water extract are shown in Table 1. The radish seeds were soaked in water, removed, placed on top of the gauze of the culture vessel and germinated in a thermostat. The control group was treated with physiological saline, and each test solution was treated with 10 ml of the gauze of the culture vessel. Although the germination inhibitory effect was weakly observed in the stock solution and 1/10 diluent, it was found that there was no significant effect on the germination of radish seeds at dilution concentrations above 1/100.

Radish Seed Germination Test of Mellitus Water Extract extract Dilution concentration Stock solution 1/10 1/100 1/200 Water extract ++ + - -

-Normal germination; +, Weak germination; ++, excellent germination inhibition

The results of the weakening test of the gall bladder water extract are shown in Table 2. The extract was diluted by concentration in young cucumber and strawberry hair growth and treated 50 ml. The extracts were observed for 10 days after the single treatment compared with the untreated group. The gall bladder water extract was found to have no significant effect on the growth and rooting of cucumbers and strawberries. Treatment of gall bladder water extract was found to be more effective in promoting rooting than control.

Weakness test of gallastula water extract extract Crop and Dilution Concentration cucumber Strawberry 1/100 1/200 1/400 1/100 1/200 1/400 Water extract - - - - - -

-, Similar to untreated and grown

Strawberries and cucumbers seriously affected by powdery mildew were selected from farms and sprayed with gallant extract on infected leaves to observe the healing effect of powdery mildew. The gall water extract inhibited the spore proliferation of powdery mildew in strawberry and cucumber, and also killed effect.

Example 2 Methanol Extract of Mellitus

Extraction was carried out using methanol to increase the yield for the active material of the gall bladder. The extraction method of the gall is extracted with 80% methanol solution which is the most widely used organic solvent extraction method. In other words, after crushing using a grinder, 8 g of 80% methanol was added to 1 kg of the powder, and the mixture was left at room temperature for about 12 hours. The dried sample was dissolved in 1 L of water to carry out the following experiment.

The germination test of the gall bladder methanol extract is shown in Table 3. The radish seeds were soaked in water, removed, placed on top of the gauze of the culture vessel and germinated in a thermostat. The control group was treated with physiological saline, and the test solution was treated with 10ml each in the gauze of the culture vessel. Inhibition of germination was weakly observed in the stock solution and dilution of 1/10. The germination of radish seeds was slightly inhibited at the dilution concentration of 1/100, but not significantly at the dilution concentration of 1/200.

Radish Seed Germination Test of Mellitus Water Extract extract Dilution concentration Stock solution 1/10 1/100 1/200 Water extract ++ ++ + -

-Normal germination; +, Weak germination; ++, excellent germination inhibition

Table 3 shows the results of the weakening test of the five-fold methanol extract. The extract was diluted by concentration in young cucumber and strawberry hair growth and treated 50 ml. The extracts were observed for 10 days after the single treatment compared with the untreated group. Methanol methanol extract showed no significant effect on the overall growth and rooting of cucumbers and strawberries. Rather, when treated with Methanol methanol extract, the root promoting effect was found to be higher than that of the control. Methanol extract was diluted to 1/100 of the treatment group showed only a slight hardening of the leaves of berries and cucumbers, no peculiar crops were observed.

Antitoxic Test of Methanol Extract extract Crop and Dilution Concentration cucumber Strawberry 1/100 1/200 1/400 1/100 1/200 1/400 80% Methanol Extract + - - + - -

-Growth similar to untreated group; +, Sclerosis of leaves compared to untreated

Strawberries and cucumbers severely affected by powdery mildew were selected from farms and sprayed with Methanol methanol extract on infected leaves to observe the healing effect of powdery mildew. Methanol methanol extract was found to be excellent in inhibiting spore killing and growth of powdery mildew in both crops of strawberry and cucumber. Among the crops of strawberry and cucumber, cucumber had better control effect than strawberry. In case of cucumber, the killing effect of spores was observed from 1 day after spraying.

Example 3: Hot Water Extract of Mellitus

In order to increase the yield of the active substance, the extraction method of the gall bladder was extracted with hot water. That is, using a crusher to grind the gall bladder 2L of water in 1kg of the powder was extracted by heating for 2 hours. The extract was centrifuged to extract only the supernatant. The dried sample was dissolved in 1 L of water to carry out the following experiment.

The germination test of the Rhizoblast hot water extract is shown in Table 5. The radish seeds were soaked in water, removed, placed on top of the gauze of the culture vessel and germinated in a thermostat. The control group was treated with physiological saline, and the test solution was treated with 10ml each in the gauze of the culture vessel. The germination inhibitory effect was weakly observed in the stock solution and 1/10 diluent, and there was no significant effect on the germination of radish seeds at dilution concentrations above 1/100.

Radish Seed Germination Test of Mellitus Hot Water Extract extract Dilution concentration Stock solution 1/10 1/100 1/200 Hydrothermal extract ++ + - -

-Normal germination; +, Weak germination; ++, excellent germination inhibition

Table 6 shows the results of the weakening test of the Rhizoll hot water extract. The extract was diluted by concentration in young cucumber and strawberry hair growth and treated 50 ml. The extracts were observed for 10 days after the single treatment compared with the untreated group. The gall bladder hot water extract was found to have little effect on the overall growth and rooting of cucumbers and strawberries. Rather, it was found that the rooting and growth promoting effects were superior to the control group when the Rhizoa hot-water extract was treated.

Antitoxic Test of Gall bladder Hot Water Extract extract Crop and Dilution Concentration cucumber Strawberry 1/100 1/200 1/400 1/100 1/200 1/400 Hydrothermal extract + - - + - -

-Growth similar to untreated group; +, Sclerosis of leaves compared to untreated

Strawberries and cucumbers severely affected by powdery mildew were selected from farms and sprayed with foliar hot water extracts on the leaves to observe the healing effect of powdery mildew. As a result, the hot water extract was found to have an excellent effect of inhibiting the spore growth of powdery mildew of cucumber and strawberry.

Empirical test on the control effect of powdery mildew on cucumber and strawberry farms in Chungcheongnam-do, Seoul, Korea, was carried out using five-gallon hydrothermal extract. The results are shown in Table 7. After diluting 200 times of hot-water extract of cucumber and strawberry to foliar spray, it was confirmed that the powdery mildew control effect was excellent in these crops, and the control effect was higher in cucumber than strawberry.

Control Effects of Crop Waters of Ginseng Root Extract Treatment group Control rate (%) cucumber Strawberry 2 days after foliar spray 10 days after foliar spray 2 days after foliar spray 10 days after foliar spray Control 0 0 0 0 Hydrothermal extract 65 70 50 65

This study was conducted to test the control effect of powdery mildew on farms of pumpkin, cucumber and strawberry in Chungcheongbu, Chungnam, Yeongam, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea.

The results of observing the degree of control of the five-component hot-water extract on crops seriously affected by powdery mildew are as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. Fivefold hot water extract was diluted 600-fold to irrigate pumpkin, cucumber and strawberry severely affected by powdery mildew. At the same time, 200-fold diluted extract was observed for 10 days after foliar spraying on crops. In the case of pumpkin and cucumber, an excellent effect was observed from 1 day after the treatment of hot water extract, and the berries showed a healing effect of powdery mildew in 2-3 days.

Therefore, when the gall extract was treated in parallel with watering and foliar spraying, it was found that the effect was excellent in controlling powdery mildew and increasing the disease resistance of crops.

Example 4: Watering Formulations

The gall bladder powder was extracted by heating with water and used as a liquid for irrigation. Specifically, an extract obtained by hot water extraction of gallnut was used as a single component.

In addition, the fine powder was pulverized by a grinder and then filtered through a filtration network was used as a water wetting agent.

In view of the control effect of powdery mildew and the results of crop growth, the optimal condition for the production of product is to use the gallnut hot water extract.

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As described above, in the present invention, by preparing the spraying and irrigation preparations using the extract or the pulverized powder of the gallant extracted with water or organic solvent, the powdery mildew control and healing effect of the crops, as well as the growth of the crop It has the effect of promoting palpation, rooting promotion and disease resistance, and it can be safely used because there is little risk for human toxicity and environmental pollution.

1 is a result of powdery mildew control using a gall bladder extract from the pumpkin.

Figure 2 shows the results of powdery mildew control using cucumber extract in cucumber.

3 is a powdery mildew control results using the gall bladder extract in the strawberry.

Claims (3)

Powder powder control agent of plants containing gallant water or organic solvent extract as an active ingredient. According to claim 1, wherein the powder is powdery mildew control agent of the plant, characterized in that the hot water extract of the gall bladder. An irrigation preparation for powdery mildew control of a plant containing the blasted mackerel powder as an active ingredient.