JPH0416063B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

<Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a sail laminate used for sailboat sails, windsurfing sails, and the like. <Prior Art> Laminated bodies of fabric and film have recently been used as sailcloths for sailboats, windsurfs, etc. As a technique related to such a laminate, there is a ``sail cloth in which a fabric is laminated on at least one side of a biaxially stretched polyester film via a plastic polyester ether copolymer'' disclosed in Jikai No. 58-222847. Another technology is ``a laminate consisting of a plain woven fabric using polyester filament yarn in the warp and weft directions and a polyester biaxially stretched film bonded together with an adhesive mainly composed of polyurethane, and the elongation of the laminate is 5 cm per width. We offer "Sail Cloth" (Utility Model Application No. 187436/1983) characterized by a tensile strength of 3% or less under 18 kg conditions and a peel strength of 2 kg or more per 3 cm width. In addition, "sail cloth composed of a biaxially stretched polyester film and a mesh fabric,
``Sail cloth characterized by using virtually untwisted polyester fiber dyed multifilament yarn for part or all of the knitted fabric'' (Jitsukaiaki)
No. 60-125115) is disclosed. However, in the above technology, the fibers used as the base fabric are 100% thermoplastic fibers (e.g., polyester fibers), and the dyeing conditions and processing steps for the base fabric are generally known methods to create a sail lamination with the desired properties. You get a body. <Objective of the Invention> The present invention addresses the drawbacks that did not occur in such conventional sail laminates, namely, the dyeing process (e.g. scouring,
This invention relates to a manufacturing method for correcting the sagging of low-shrinkage fibers caused by the difference in shrinkage that occurs during wet heat and dry heat treatments during dyeing, finishing, etc., and the manufacturing method of the present invention allows for lower elongation than before. It is possible to provide a laminate for sails with high form stability and durability. <Structure of the Invention> That is, the present invention is a method for manufacturing a laminate for a sail as described in the claims, in which high strength and high modulus fibers (hereinafter referred to as high modulus fibers) are used.
is an aromatic polyamide fiber with a heat resistance of 210℃ or higher.
These include carbon fiber, glass fiber, high-strength polyethylene fiber, high-strength polyvinyl alcohol fiber, high-strength polyacrylonitrile fiber, and polyimide fiber. As aromatic polyamide fiber, poly-p-
Examples include phenylene terephthalamide fiber and poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber copolymerized with 3-4' diaminodiphenyl ether. Examples of carbon fibers include acrylic carbon fibers obtained by sintering acrylic fibers and pitch carbon fibers obtained by sintering pitch. The heat resistance mentioned here refers to the deterioration of the basic physical properties of the fiber or the temperature at which the fiber melts.For example, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber copolymerized with 3-4' diaminodiphenyl ether (Teijin) Co., Ltd.), the temperature is approximately 500°C. The method of arranging the fibers into a fabric varies depending on the desired direction of low elongation (for example, the warp direction) and the form of the fabric. 3 fibers
After arranging the yarns in a regulated manner at intervals of 1 to 9 yarns per cm width, they are warped to become warps and woven in the usual manner. The dyeing and finishing process of a polyester fiber base fabric containing high modulus fibers is usually carried out by a known method, for example, in the order of a scouring process, a presetting process, a dyeing process, and a finishing process. The conditions (especially treatment temperature) normally used in these processing steps are such that the scouring step
Underwater treatment or steam treatment at 60~100℃, preset process is dry heat treatment at 160~200℃, dyeing process is
Underwater treatment at 120°C to 135°C or dry heat treatment at 180°C to 210°C (so-called thermosol dyeing), finishing process at 150°C to 200°C. When processed using the above-mentioned process, the shrinkage difference between high modulus fibers and polyether fibers is 2.5% to 20.5% after wet heat treatment at 135℃ and 2.5% to 2.5% after dry heat treatment at 210℃.
It is about 16.5%. Therefore, when the fabric is processed under these conditions, the high modulus fibers will sag due to the large shrinkage of the polyester fibers. Furthermore, the tension applied during weaving and weaving also causes sagging due to differences in elongation elastic properties of the fibers. When a laminate of base fabric and film that contains slack is applied to the laminate, for example, when a load of 60 pounds or 100 pounds is applied to the laminate, elongation is added based on the slack of the high modulus fibers, which is a characteristic of high modulus fibers. It becomes difficult to obtain low elongation properties. Therefore, in order to obtain a laminate with low elongation, it is necessary to set specific processing conditions. The heat treatment temperature is 50° below the melting point of polyester fiber.
℃~110℃ lower is required. If the temperature is 110°C or more lower than the melting point, the dimensional stability of the polyester fibers cannot be maintained even if the process is performed while applying tension, and the fibers return to their original length after the tension is released, making it impossible to obtain the effect of heat treatment. On the other hand, if it is 50° C. or more higher than the melting point, it is not suitable because there are disadvantages such as a decrease in the strength of the polyester fiber, yellowing, which reduces the quality of the product, and a marked decrease in the fastness of the dyed product. The heat treatment time is normally in the range of 15 seconds to 5 minutes under the conditions for heat treatment of polyester fiber fabrics. During heat treatment, a tension of 0.3 g or more per denier is applied in the weft direction to correct the sagging of the fibers due to the difference in shrinkage between the polyester fibers and the high modulus fibers that occurs during the dyeing process. Tension is 0.3
If it is less than g/denier, it is difficult to correct the sagging of the high modulus fiber. The machine that performs the heat treatment uses a tenter that is capable of applying tension in the warp and weft directions and can perform continuous treatment. In this case, it is desirable to use a clip-type tenter or a clip-type pin tenter in order to carry out the treatment while applying tension uniformly and effectively in the weft direction. It is desirable that the step of heat-treating the base fabric while applying tension is carried out immediately before bonding it to the film. After this treatment, if the base fabric is dyed under the conditions described above, the shrinkage difference between the polyester fiber and the high modulus fiber will be expressed again, and the high modulus fiber, which is a low shrinkage fiber, will become sagging, which will reduce the effect of the heat treatment. Decrease. When the fabric is left to stand after heat treatment and before bonding, it is necessary to maintain tension on the fabric so that the high modulus fibers do not sag again (battling). <Effects of the Invention> The laminate obtained by the method detailed above has the following effects. (1) The elongation in the target directions (warp, latitude, bias directions) is extremely low, and the change in elongation over time is also extremely low, so the sail cloth has high shape stability and durability, making it suitable for use in yachting and windsurfing. It shows stable high-speed running performance. (2) With improved strength, it can withstand long-term use (improved durability). <Examples> The present invention will be specifically explained below using examples. Evaluations used in Examples were conducted according to the following measurement method. Measurement method (1) Strength and elongation Using a tensile tester (manufactured by Toyo Goldwin Co., Ltd.), a sample with a width of 5 cm and a length of 30 cm was pulled under the conditions shown below until it broke, and the strength and elongation at that time were measured. . Measurements were made at three points each for warp, latitude, and bias. Measurement conditions (1) Specimen grip interval: 200mm (2) Tensile speed: 200mm/min (3) Chart speed: 200mm/min (2) Elongation under constant load Tensile testing machine (manufactured by Toyo Goldwin Co., Ltd.) A sample with a width of 5 cm and a length of 30 cm was pulled under a specified load (e.g., 40 pounds (LB), 60 pounds (LB), 100 pounds (LB), etc.) under the conditions shown below, and the elongation at that time was measured. . Measurements were made at three points each in the warp, latitude, and bias directions, and the average value is shown. Measurement conditions (1) Grasp interval of specimen: 200mm (2) Pulling speed: 200mm/min (3) Chart speed: 500mm/min (3) Durability test Household washing machine “Chikuma” manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ,
Model CW-900A, bath ratio 1:100 (material to be measured)
The amount of water was 50% per 500g, and the clothes were washed on high heat for 90 minutes. Example 1 When weaving a plain woven fabric with a density of 110 fibers/inch and 96 fibers/inch in the warp and weft directions, respectively, using polyethylene terephthalate fibers with a single yarn fineness of 2.1 denier and a total fiber density of 75 denier, one fiber/fiber in the warp direction was used. A fabric in which aromatic polyamide fibers (polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber copolymerized with 3,4-diaminodiphenyl ether (manufactured by Teijin Ltd.)) with a single yarn fineness of 1.5 denier and a total fineness of 1000 denier are inserted at cm intervals. After scouring using a conventional method to remove the spinning oil and sizing paste, the product was dried at 120° C. for 1 minute. Next, 0.5g/denier in the warp direction of the fabric,
1 at 190℃ with a tension of 0.4g/denier in the latitudinal direction.
The tension heat treatment was carried out for 1 minute using a pin tenter with a clip manufactured by Hirano Metal Co., Ltd., and the fabric was wound up with a tension of 0.05 g/denier in the warp direction. On the other hand, 50μ thick polyethylene terephthalate 2
A polyurethane adhesive (Nitsuporan 5032 manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Co., Ltd.) was applied to the axially stretched film using a comma doctor method in a layer of 30 μm in thickness, and then dried at 120° C. for 1 minute. Then, while bonding the coated film after drying to the fabric so that it joins with the fabric, heat and pressure treatment is performed at a surface temperature of 120°C, a pressure of 3.0 Kg/cm ² , and a nip roller speed of 15 m/min to form the laminated layer of the present invention. I got a body. The obtained laminate had the properties shown in Table 1 or Table 2. Example 2 When weaving a plain fabric with a density of 55 fibers/inch and 50 fibers/inch in the warp and weft directions using polyethylene terephthalate fibers with a single yarn fineness of 3 denier and a total fineness of 150 denier, we A fabric in which aromatic polyamide fibers (same as in Example 1) having a single yarn fineness of 1.5 denier and a total fineness of 1000 denier were inserted at intervals of 1/2 cm was scoured and dried in a conventional manner. Next, a preset treatment was performed at a temperature of 180°C for 30 seconds. Next, using the dye solution shown below, dyeing was carried out at a temperature of 130° C. for 45 minutes to obtain a blue fabric. Dye solution PALANIL BLUE R (manufactured by BASF Corporation)
1.0% (owf) DISPER VG (manufactured by Meisei Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1.0 g/CH ₃ COOH Adjusted to PH 4 Bath ratio 1:30 The dyed fabric was dried at a temperature of 120° C. for 1 minute. Next, each yarn in the warp and weft directions was put under tension, that is, in order to correct the slack of the low shrinkage yarn, the yarn was heated at 180°C for 1 hour while applying a tension of 0.8 g/denier in the warp direction and 0.6 g/denier in the weft direction. The film was heat-treated for 1 minute using a pin tenter with a clip manufactured by Hirano Metal Co., Ltd., and wound in the warp direction with a tension of 0.05 g/denier. Next, under the same conditions as in Example 1, a polyethylene terephthalate biaxially stretched film was bonded to obtain a laminate of the present invention. The obtained laminate had the properties shown in Table 1 or Table 2. Example 3 When weaving a plain weave fabric with a density of 64 fibers/inch and 50 fibers/inch in the warp and weft directions, respectively, using polyethylene phthalate fibers with a single yarn fineness of 5 denier and a total fineness of 125 denier, two fibers were used in the warp direction. Aromatic polyamide fibers (used in Example 1) having a single yarn fineness of 1.5 denier and a total fineness of 1000 denier were inserted at intervals of /3 cm, and a tension of 0.3 g/denier was applied in the warp direction to obtain a fabric. The fabric was treated at a temperature of 180°C, a treatment time of 30 seconds, a tension in the warp direction of 0.3 g/denier, and a tension in the weft direction of 0.2 g/denier.
It was heat-treated using a pin tenter with a clip manufactured by Hirano Metal Co., Ltd. under the conditions of denier, and wound into a treated cloth with a tension of 0.05 g/denier in the warp direction. Next, under the same conditions as in Example 1, a polyethylene terephthalate biaxially stretched film was bonded to obtain a laminate of the present invention. The obtained laminate had the characteristics shown in Table 1 or Table 2. Comparative Example 1 The fabric used in Example 1 was scoured and dried in a conventional manner, and then treated at a temperature of 140°C for 1 minute.
Tension: 0.2g/denier in longitudinal direction, 0.1 in latitudinal direction
A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that g/denier was given and heat treatment was performed using the same machine as in Example 1. Comparative Example 2 When the tension heat treatment conditions after dyeing in Example 2 were set to a temperature of 220° C. and a time of 30 seconds, the fabric was torn and it was impossible to create a laminate. Comparative Example 3 The tension heat treatment conditions after dyeing in Example 2 were as follows: temperature: 180°C, time: 1 minute, tension: 0.2 g/long in the warp direction.
A laminate was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the denier was 0.1 g/denier in the weft direction. Comparative Example 4 A laminate was obtained under all the same conditions as in Example 3 except that the heat treatment was omitted.

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Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for producing a sail laminate comprising a base fabric laminated with a biaxially stretched polyester film, in which a base fabric made of polyester fibers is coated with high-strength, high-modulus fibers in at least one direction per 3 cm width. A laminate for a sail, characterized in that a fabric arranged at a density of 1 to 9 fibers is dried under a tension of 0.3 g or more per denier in the arrangement direction at a temperature 50°C to 110°C lower than the melting point of polyester fibers. manufacturing method. 2. The method for producing a sail laminate according to claim 1, wherein the high-strength, high-modulus fibers have a tensile strength of 10 g/denier or more, an elastic modulus of 20 g/denier or more, and a heat resistance of 210° C. or more. . 3 The process of applying dry heat treatment to the base fabric and polyester 2
3. The method for manufacturing a laminate for a sail according to claim 1 or 2, which is performed before the step of laminating an axially stretched film.