JPH0398517A - Plant culture device and plant culture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a plant culture device eliminating disinfection of soil of field before planting and disinfecting operation of seed potato during preservation after harvesting by equipping aerating space at the bottom of main body of plant culture device, packing culture soil into the top of the space and arranging irrigation solution tubes on the culture soil. CONSTITUTION:Culture soil 5 is planted with micro tubers (miniature seed potatoes) or aerial tubers and supplied with a nutrition solution from irrigation solution tubes 7 at given time intervals. When the micro tubers or aerial tubers are cultured using the above-mentioned plant culture device 1, 5-6 times as much miniature tubers as those of conventional procedures, namely 600 tubers/m<2> (200,000 tubers/10 a) can be produced. Namely, by using the plant culture device 1, not only the above. mentioned advantage is shown but also seed potatoes are densely planted even in narrow culture space and a large amount of miniature tubers can be stably produced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a plant cultivation device configured to stably produce mini tubers (mini seed potatoes) in large quantities, and a plant cultivation device using the cultivation device. The present invention relates to a cultivation method, and particularly to a plant cultivation device and a cultivation method that make it possible to stably produce minitubers in large quantities even in a narrow cultivation space.

(Prior Art and Conventional Problems) Conventionally, when producing seed potatoes such as Japanese yam and yam, they have been produced by directly planting muscago in fields.

However, when planting Mukago in the field, it is necessary to disinfect the soil in the field before planting to prevent the seed potatoes from rotting due to rot diseases, etc., and it is also necessary to disinfect the soil of the field after harvest. There were problems in that it was complicated, such as the need to disinfect the seed potatoes, and that it was difficult to mass-produce.

In addition, there was a problem in that continuous cropping failure occurred because seed potatoes were produced many times in the same field.

In addition, when producing seed potatoes in the field, their growth is affected by the weather conditions in the natural environment, so the plants cannot grow sufficiently, and sometimes it is difficult to produce a satisfactory number of seed potatoes. There was a problem that it became impossible to stably produce seed potatoes.

In addition, when producing seed potatoes in the field, it is not possible to produce seed potatoes of a suitable size unless the seed potatoes are planted wide apart from each other. There was a problem in that only about 30,000 seed potatoes could be produced.

(Objective of the Invention) This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it eliminates the need for soil disinfection in fields before planting and disinfection of seed potatoes during post-harvest storage. To provide a plant cultivation device and a cultivation method capable of stably producing minitubers in large quantities by densely planting them even in a small space.

(Means for Solving the Problems) This invention provides a ventilation space at the bottom of the main body of the plant cultivation device, fills the upper part of the ventilation space with culture soil, and further includes:
The above object is achieved by providing a plant cultivation device in which an irrigation tube is placed on the culture soil.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a plant cultivation method for producing minitubers by planting microtubers or microtubers in the culture soil and supplying a nutrient solution from an irrigation tube at predetermined intervals. It accomplishes its purpose.

(Function) In this invention, a ventilation space is provided at the bottom of the main body of the plant cultivation device, and the upper part of the ventilation space is filled with culture soil having good air permeability, and furthermore, an irrigation tube is arranged on the culture soil. Therefore, the nutrient solution supplied from the irrigation tube to the culture soil can be efficiently supplied to the entire culture soil.

Furthermore, since the cultivation soil is artificially created, it does not contain putrefactive bacteria or other soil bacteria, and the nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation soil from the irrigation tube is always in a clean state. Since a nutrient solution is used, it is possible to eliminate the need for soil disinfection prior to planting, which is required when cultivating in the field, and disinfection of seed potatoes during post-harvest storage, and furthermore, it is possible to prevent problems with continuous cropping.

Further, the nutrient solution supplied to the entire culture soil can be recovered and reused through the ventilation space provided at the bottom of the plant device main body.

In addition, since fresh air can be constantly supplied to the culture soil from the ventilation space provided at the bottom of the plant cultivation device, oxygen deficiency in the culture soil can be prevented, and this favorable cultivation environment allows Even in a narrow cultivation space, minitubas can be planted densely and stably produced in large quantities.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a ventilation space 3 is provided at the bottom of the main body 1 of the plant cultivation device, and the upper part of the ventilation space 3 is filled with culture soil 5. This is a plant cultivation device on which an irrigation tube 7 is arranged.

By arranging the entire plant cultivation device main body 1 in a glass greenhouse and cultivating plants, it is possible to cultivate plants without much influence from the natural environment.

The plant cultivation device main body 1 has an outer peripheral frame 13 formed by a plurality of vertical frame pipes 9 extending in the vertical direction and a plurality of horizontal frame pipes 11 connecting the vertical pipes 9 in the horizontal direction.

Inside the outer peripheral frame l3, a styrofoam material 15 is arranged, which has an open vertical plane part and has a substantially concave cross section by combining the bottom plate 15A and the upright plate 15B. .

The bottom plate 15A is arranged on the upper surface of the plywood board 16.

The outer periphery of the plant cultivation device main body 1 made of the Styrofoam material 15 includes a bottom portion 15A and a standing soil wall 15B rising vertically upward from the outer periphery of the bottom portion 15A.
It is composed of and.

A water-resistant vinyl sheet 17 is applied to the entire inner surfaces of the bottom surface portion 15A and the rising wall 15B.

As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom surface portion 1.5A of the Styrofoam material 15 has a vertical height position (height position indicated by the symbol X in the figure) at one end in the longitudinal direction of the plant cultivation device main body 1 in the longitudinal direction. Vertical height position at the end (symbol Y in the figure)
It is arranged so that it is higher than the height #) shown in this figure, and due to the slope between the symbol X and Y in this figure, the nutrient solution, cooling water, etc. that flowed from one end X in the longitudinal direction of the main body of the plant cultivation device l. is constructed so that it flows to the other end Y.

A support member 19 as shown in FIG. 4 is disposed on the water-resistant vinyl sheet 17 on the upper surface of the bottom surface 15A of the styrofoam material 15.

The support member 19 is made of polystyrene foam material, and includes a base member 19A extending in the longitudinal direction of the plant cultivation device main body 1, and a plurality of inclined base members arranged in the longitudinal direction so as to be substantially perpendicular to the base member 19A. It is composed of a member 19B.

A waterway space 18 is provided below the orthogonal portion of the base member 19A and the inclined member 19B.

The inclined member 19B has at least one longitudinal end 20
is configured to abut against one inner surface 22 of the standing earth wall 15B.

The inclined member 19B is arranged such that one longitudinal end 2OA is in contact with one inner surface 22A of the standing earth wall 15B, and the other longitudinal end 2OB is in contact with the other inner surface of the standing earth wall 15B. A plurality of inclined members 19B that are in contact with the base member 19B are arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction so as to be substantially orthogonal to the base member 19A.

By arranging the inclined member 19B as described above,
The nutrient solution, cooling water, etc. that flowed from the position indicated by the symbol X in Fig. 3 reach the position indicated by the symbol Y in Fig. 3.
As shown by the arrows in the figure, it is configured to be sequentially flushed and collected from the collection port 27.

A net body 21 and a water permeable sheet 23 having water permeability are arranged on the base member l9.

The ventilation space 3 is the bottom part 1 of the styrofoam material 15.
It is formed between a water-resistant vinyl sheet 17 covering the upper surface of 5A and the net 21.

A plurality of vent holes 25 are formed on the surface of the standing wall 15B that comes into contact with the ventilation space 3, and fresh air is constantly supplied to the ventilation space 3 from the vent holes 25.

It is also possible to cool the culture soil 5 by flowing cold water into the ventilation space 3, or to raise the temperature of the culture soil by flowing hot water.

The upper part of the water passage sheet 23 is filled with culture soil 5.

The cultivation soil 5 is composed of a mixed cultivation area of peat moss, vermiculite, and long wool.

In addition, since the rock wool mixed into the culture soil 5 is granular cotton, the air permeability within the culture soil 5 is improved.

A plurality of irrigation tubes 7 are disposed above the culture soil 5 so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the plant cultivation device main body l.

A plurality of holes 31 are formed in the irrigation tube 7, and the structure is such that the nutrient solution is uniformly supplied to all of the culture soil 5 from the holes 3l.

One end 7A of the irrigation tube 7 is connected to a circulation pump 35 via a supply pipe 33.

The circulation pump 35 is configured to operate at predetermined time intervals using a timer.

A solution recovery tank 29 is arranged below the recovery port 27 .

The nutrient solution recovered from the recovery port 27 passes through the recovery pipe 28 and is collected in the nutrient solution recovery tank 29, and after being filtered by the filter 30 disposed in the nutrient solution recovery tank 29, the nutrient solution f! ! 37 and the supply pipe 3 from the nutrient tank 37
9, the water is sent from the circulation pump 35 to the cultivation soil 7 via the irrigation tube 7.

A lid 38 is placed on the top surface of the nutrient solution tank 37, and the nutrient solution W! The nutrient solution in 37 is always maintained in a clean state.

The nutrient solution tank 37 is connected to a nutrient solution recovery tank 29 located at the bottom of the plant cultivation apparatus l and a connecting pipe 4, as shown in FIG.
1, so that the nutrient solution sent from the nutrient solution recovery tank 29 is stored in the nutrient solution tank 37.

Next, an example of a plant cultivation method using the plant cultivation apparatus 1 according to the above example will be described.

This plant cultivation method is a method for producing minitubers 42 by planting microtubers or microtubers in the culture soil 5 and supplying a nutrient solution from the irrigation tube 7 at predetermined intervals. .

According to experiments conducted by the present applicant, when cultivating microtubers or microtubers using the plant cultivation device 1 according to the above embodiment, it was found that when cultivating microtubers or mucage in a conventional field,
7 times, that is, 600 pieces/n {(200,000 pieces/10a)
We were able to produce a miniature tuber.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is provided as described above, it has the following effects.

■In this invention, a ventilation space is provided at the bottom of the main body of the plant cultivation device, and the upper part of the ventilation space is filled with culture soil with good air permeability, and furthermore, an irrigation tube is placed on top of the culture soil. This method has an excellent effect in that the nutrient solution supplied from the irrigation tube to the culture soil can be efficiently supplied to the entire culture soil, and the production of minitubas can be labor-saving.

■Also, since the culture soil is artificially created,
It does not contain spoilage bacteria or other soil bacteria, and the nutrient solution supplied to the culture soil from the irrigation tube is always in a clean state, so it is easy to cultivate in the field before planting. It has the excellent effect of eliminating the need for soil disinfection and disinfection of seed potatoes during post-harvest storage, and furthermore prevents damage to continuous cropping.

■In addition, the nutrient solution supplied to the entire culture soil can be recovered and reused through the ventilation space provided at the bottom of the plant device, which is an advantage in that the nutrient solution can be used efficiently. It has a good effect.

■Also, since fresh air can be constantly supplied to the culture soil from the ventilation space provided at the bottom of the plant cultivation device, it is possible to prevent oxygen deficiency in the culture soil. It has the excellent effect of being able to stably produce minitubers in large quantities by densely planting them even in a small space.

■In addition, since the entire plant cultivation device is placed inside a glass greenhouse, it is possible to ensure a long growing period without being affected by the natural environment, which has the excellent effect of increasing the production yield of mini tubers. has.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

@Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of an embodiment of the plant cultivation device according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the same embodiment, Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same embodiment, and Figure 4 is the same implementation. It is a perspective view which shows the arrangement state of the support member of an example. 1... Plant cultivation device, 3... Ventilation space, 5 - Culture soil, 7... Irrigation tube.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A plant cultivation device characterized in that a ventilation space is provided at the bottom of the main body of the plant cultivation device, the top of the ventilation space is filled with culture soil, and an irrigation tube is further arranged on the cultivation soil. (2) A method for cultivating plants, which comprises planting microtubers or microtubers in the culture soil according to claim 1, and further supplying a nutrient solution from an irrigation tube at predetermined intervals to produce minitubers. .