JPH0394614A - Cutting and harvesting of cultured mushroom and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To harvest cultured mushrooms efficiently, safely and completely by arranging a container storing desired several culture bottles in a backward inclining attitude of given angle, cutting the cultured mushrooms by a cutter capable of moving in the left-and-right direction and vertical direction and recovering by a recovery chute. CONSTITUTION:A container stand 3 having a backward inclining attitude of given angle is equipped with a container storing desired several culture bottles 5 and the culture bottles are fixed by bottle pressing mechanism 6. Cultured mushrooms (a) are cut by a cutter 22 capable of moving in the left-and-right direction and in the vertical direction while transferring the cutter in the left- and-right direction and in the vertical direction and recovered by a recovery chute 24 to harvest the cultured mushrooms (a).

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <<Industrial Application Field>> The present invention provides a method for harvesting mushrooms such as Tamogi mushrooms and Enoki mushrooms artificially cultivated in a culture bottle by cutting them from near the bottle mouth;
Regarding the device. <<Prior Art>> Conventionally, Tamogi mushrooms, Enoki mushrooms, and the like that have been artificially cultivated in culture bottles are harvested by manually cutting one tree per bottle using a knife or the like.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, the conventional manual harvesting method is not only laborious and time-consuming and extremely inefficient, but cutting with a knife or the like is dangerous for the worker. It will happen.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional harvesting method, and it improves work efficiency by accommodating a large number of culture bottles in a container and making it possible to cut each container at a time. In addition to dramatically improving the yield and harvesting through safe cutting, the culture bottle overflows.
The purpose of this project is to provide a method and device for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms that can cleanly and completely cut even hanging mushrooms and also facilitate processing after cutting. It is a purpose.

<Means for Solving the Problem> In order to achieve the above object, the method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim (+) of the present application involves placing a container containing a required number of culture bottles on a container stand. Place the culture bottles and move them to the bottle holding mechanism, fix each culture bottle with the bottle holding par, and in this state raise the cutter and recovery chute while reciprocating from side to side. A method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms, characterized in that the mushrooms are sequentially cut from the bottom upwards near the bottle mouth, and the cut mushrooms are dropped and stored into a container for receiving the product through the collection chute. Its contents are as follows.

Furthermore, in claim (2), in addition to the contents of claim (1), the raising board is raised to overflow from the culture bottle,
While scraping up the hanging mushrooms upwards, the cutter and collection chute are raised while reciprocating from side to side, and the mushrooms in the container are cut sequentially from the bottom or top, starting near the bottle. It has been added that the items can be dropped and stored in a favorite container etc. through a collection chute. In the apparatus according to claim (3), a container containing a required number of culture bottles is formed so as to be able to be placed thereon,
A container stand is installed on the frame so that it can be moved back and forth in the left and right directions with a backward tilt at a required angle, and a required number of bottle holders are installed horizontally at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction. and a bottle holding mechanism disposed on the frame in a backward tilted position so that the bottle holding part is movable by a power source such as an air cylinder so as to be able to press or release the culture bottle; The cutter is arranged on the frame so that it can be moved back and forth in the left and right directions via a reciprocating mechanism by a motor, and can be moved up and down along the vicinity of the bottle opening of the culture bottle by a power source such as a hydraulic cylinder. and a mushroom recovery chute that is inclined forward and downward from the bottom of the cutter so that it can reciprocate in the left and right direction and move up and down integrally with the cutting mechanism. We are trying to provide a cutting and harvesting device for cultured mushrooms that is characterized by: <<Operation>> Move the container stand all the way to one side of the bottle holding mechanism (for example, to the left) and place the container containing the required number of culture bottles. Next, after moving the container stand toward the bottle holding mechanism (for example, to the right), the air cylinder is operated and each culture bottle is held and fixed by the bottle holding mechanism.

Next, by starting the motor and operating the hydraulic cylinder, the cutter moves back and forth in the left-right direction (lengthwise direction of the cutter blade) and rises along the vicinity of the bottle opening of the culture bottle. Cut the mushrooms near the opening of the bottle.

Since the required number of culture bottles are housed in a container in an array in the vertical and horizontal directions, the mushrooms in each culture bottle are cut sequentially from the bottom to the top as the cutter rises, and the cut mushrooms are collected. The products are dropped through a storage chute into a receiving container, etc. The container stand and bottle holding mechanism are arranged in a rearward tilted position at the required angle of the frame, and the collection chute also rises together with the cutting mechanism along this inclination angle, so as it rises, the collection chute moves from the front to the rear. As a result, the cut mushrooms are stored uniformly in a good order from the front to the back in a container for receiving goods. When the cutter reaches its highest position, the limit switch operates, the motor stops, and the cutter descends.
Next, the pressure on the culture bottle is released by operating the air cylinder, so the container stand is manually moved from the bottle holding mechanism to the side, the container is removed, and a new container containing the culture bottle is inserted. Place it on the container stand,
The container stand is moved to the bottle holding mechanism side, the culture bottle is pressed and fixed by the bottle holding mechanism, and then cutting is carried out in the same manner as described above.
Collection will take place. <<Examples>> Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, before explaining the cutting and harvesting method of claims (1) and (2), the cutting and harvesting device according to claim (3) applied to the method will be clearly explained. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the frame l consists of a horizontal underframe 1a formed by welding angles, etc., and an inclined frame 1b with an inclination angle θ of about 30° relative to the horizontal frame 1a. The inclined frame 1b is inclined from the upper part to the lower part in front of the lower part.

On the upper front surface of the inclined frame tb in the frame l, two wooden guide bars 2, 2 are installed vertically at an appropriate interval of A''.
A container stand 3, which is horizontally installed across the full width of the inclined frame 1b and is movable back and forth in the left and right directions along the guide bar 2.2, is supported at the same angle of inclination as the inclined frame ib. It is set up. The container stand 3 allows containers 4 to be freely attached and detached! The container receiving part 3a is formed into a flat plate shape so that it can be placed, and has a container receiving part 3a at the lower end and a substantially U-shaped side surface facing upward. On the right side of the upper front of the inclined frame lb in the frame l, there is a bottle for pressing and fixing the culture bottles 5 housed in the container 4 together with the container 4 onto the container stand 3. The holding mechanism B is arranged at substantially the same inclination angle as the inclined frame 1b and the container stand 3. The above-mentioned bottle holding mechanism e has a plurality of bottles (five in the illustrated example) by fixing one end of each to the support member 7 arranged in a vertically elongated manner.
The bottle holding bar 8 ...... presses each culture bottle 5 in the vertical direction.
．． The inclined frame 1b is placed in a horizontal state with an interval corresponding to the vertical interval of No. two guide tubes 9 fixed at right angles to
9 has a slide shaft 10 so as to be able to slide freely in the axial direction.
．． 10 is fitted, and this slide shaft 10.10 and the support member 7 are connected. Further, the output shaft 12 of the air cylinder 11 fixed to the inclined frame ib is connected to the support member 7, and by operating the air cylinder I1, each bottle presser bar 8...・is perpendicular to the inclined frame tb,
In other words, each culture bottle 5 is movable in the height direction, and each culture bottle 5 is moved by each bottle holding bar 8. By pressing the shoulders, each culture bottle 5 can be fixed or unfixed to the container 4 and container stand 3 as shown in FIG. It has become. Further, a cutting mechanism 13 configured as follows is disposed on the right side of the front surface of the inclined frame 1b in the frame l.

That is, two wooden guide pars 14 are provided in front of the inclined frame lb and are arranged in a vertically long manner with appropriate spacing left and right.
．． A support frame 15 is installed on the support frame 14 so as to be movable up and down.
A cutter pedestal 1 with a roughly T-shaped front is mounted on the two wooden guide halves 18.18 which are horizontally suspended above and below 15a.
A motor 18 is fixed to one end of the support frame 15 (the right end in the illustrated example), and a disk is fixed to the motor shaft 18a. By pivotally connecting each end of the rod 2l to an eccentric shaft 20 protruding from the cutter holder 17, the motor shaft 18a and the cutter holder l7 are interlocked, and the motor By the rotation of l8, the cutter pedestal l7 is reciprocated in the left-right direction by a stroke that is twice the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric shaft 20.

Reference numeral 22 in the figure indicates a cutter, which is horizontally fixed to the cutter pedestal 17 with the cutting edge facing upward so as to be detachable with bolts (not shown).

In addition, the cutter 22 in the cutting mechanism 13 described in J:
The culture bottle 5 is in the state shown in FIGS. . . . It is arranged so that the artificially cultivated mushrooms a can be cut at a position close to the bottle opening 5a, as shown in FIG.

Further, the cutting mechanism 13 connects the output shaft 23a of the hydraulic cylinder 23, which is fixed to the frame l in a vertically elongated state, to
It is formed by being connected to the support frame l5, and by operating the hydraulic cylinder 23, both the guide pars 14.1 are connected to the support frame l5.
It has a structure that allows it to be moved up and down along line 4.

Further, the canter 22 is shown in FIG. 5, and as described above, while reciprocating from side to side along the vicinity of the bottle mouth 5a of each culture bottle 5, it moves up and down as described above. It is fixed to a cutter pedestal 17 set at a predetermined position, and as a result, the mushroom a is cut from near the bottle mouth as described later.

Furthermore, a chute 24 for collecting mushrooms a fixed to the support frame 15 of the cutting mechanism 13 is inclined vertically from the bottom of the cutter 22 to the front bottom at a predetermined angle. By moving up and down while reciprocating in the left-right direction integrally with the cutter 22, it acts as a guide for dropping and storing the cut mushrooms into the product receiving container 37 or the like.

Furthermore, both guides/<-14.14 are provided with a plurality of scraping plates 25 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
It is arranged so that it can be moved up and down.

That is, when mushrooms a are artificially cultivated in the culture bottles 5, the mushrooms a may overflow from the bottle opening 5a and hang down, so in order to be able to scrape the mushrooms while cutting, each culture bottle 5... The scraping board 25 is arranged so that it can be raised along both left and right sides of the mushroom a. In order to make it easier to rake the fish, it is preferable to make the tip 25a tapered and curved downward, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example. In the illustrated example, each of the scraping plates 25...
Each culture bottle 5 is placed on the left and right sides of the bottle opening 5a and supported in a forward tilted position with the tip 25a facing downward. A cylinder 27.27 is fixed and fixed to both ends of the support par 26.
is slidably fitted onto the guide par 14.14, and the cylinder 27.27 is connected to the support frame 15, so that it can be moved up and down integrally with the cutting mechanism 13 by operating the hydraulic cylinder 23. It is arranged like this. The cutting and harvesting device having the above structure is operated as follows.

First, as shown in Fig. 1, the container stand 3 is manually moved completely to the left, and the culture bottle 5...
・Place the container 4 containing the.

Next, the container stand 3 is manually moved from the position shown in Fig. M1 to the position shown in Fig. 3 in the right direction.

When the cord 23 extending from the operation panel 28 is connected to a power source and the power switch 30 of the operation panel 28 is turned on, the indicator light 3l is also turned on.

Here, when the foot switch 32 is stepped on, the air cylinder It moves the bottle holder/-8... to the culture bottle 5...
. . is pulled toward the side and pressed against the shoulder of the culture bottle 5 as shown in FIG. The cutter 22 and the recovery chute 24 are raised by the hydraulic cylinder 23 while reciprocating in the left-right direction, and cut the mushrooms a of each culture bottle 5 near the bottle opening 5a. At this time, raking board 2
5 rises in advance of the cutter 22. When the cutter 22 and the collection chute 24 rise to their highest positions, a limit switch (not shown) operates, the motor 18 stops, and at the same time, the air cylinder 1l and the hydraulic cylinder 23 operate to move the bottle holding bar 8 back to its original position. At the same time, the cutter 22, collection chute 24, and scraping plate 25 descend, return to their original positions, and stop. In Figures 1 and 3, 33 is a stop indicator light, 34 is a compressor switch, and in Figure 2, 35 is an air converter, and 36 is a caster with a stopper. Next, the method of cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim (1) will be explained step by step. As shown in FIG. 1, with the container stand 3 moved fully to the left, a container 4 containing a plurality of (16 in the illustrated example) culture bottles 5 is placed. Then, by manual operation, the container platform 3 is moved to the right side, as shown in FIG.
In other words, if it moves to the bottle holding mechanism 6 side, the air cylinder! Each culture bottle 5 is held and fixed by the bottle holding bar 8 by operation 1.

Next, the cutter 22 and the collecting chute 24 are raised while reciprocating in the left and right directions by the motor 18 and the hydraulic cylinder 23, and the mushroom a is cut by the cutter 22 from near the bottle mouth 5a. The cut mushrooms a are dropped through the collection chute 24 and stored in a container 37 for receiving the product. As the cutter 22 rises, the mushrooms a of the culture bottles 5, which are arranged and housed in the container 4 in the vertical and horizontal directions, are cut sequentially from the bottom to the top.
The cutter 22 follows the cutter 22 and the mushrooms a are sequentially dropped into the container 37 from the front position to the rear position. Next, the method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim (2) will be explained. In the same manner as in claim (1) above, the bottle presser bar 8...
Hold down the culture bottle 5... by the motor 11.
The cutter 22 and the collection chute 24 are raised while reciprocating in the left and right direction by the hydraulic cylinder 23, but before the cutter 22 is raised, the citrus pressure cylinder 23 raises the scraping plate 25... The mushrooms overflowing from the bottle mouth 25a are scraped up and cut by the cutter 22. By scraping up the hanging mushrooms in this way, you can remove the hanging mushrooms from culture bottle 5 without leaving any hanging mushrooms uncut.
... can be cleanly cut and harvested in its entirety without any damage. <<Effects of the Invention>> According to the present invention, the following effects are achieved. In the method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim (1),
Since the mushrooms in each culture bottle can be cut at once when a large number of culture bottles are housed in a container, the efficiency of cutting and harvesting the mushrooms can be improved, and manual labor using a knife or the like as in the conventional method is eliminated. It is safe because there is no cutter, and since the collection chute is linked to the left and right reciprocating movement and vertical movement of the cutter, the cut mushrooms can slide and fall smoothly by moving the collection chute in the left and right direction. Not only can the collection chute be raised with the cutter in a backward tilted position, the cut mushrooms can be stored sequentially from the front to the rear in the product receiving container, etc. This makes it possible to store them uniformly and facilitate post-processing. In the method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim (2),
Mushrooms overflowing from the mouth of the culture bottle and hanging down. Since it is cut while raking upwards, the hanging parts are not left uncut or broken, allowing the harvest to be done in perfect shape and neatly. In the cultured mushroom cutting and harvesting device according to claim (3),
It is of course equipped with various functions that can be applied to the above-mentioned method, and in particular, it not only holds down the culture bottle with the bottle holding bar of the bottle holding mechanism. Since it moves up and down while reciprocating, it has very good cutting efficiency for mushrooms (A), and is durable enough to avoid damaging the cutting edge due to odor caused by strain on the cutter.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are an overall front view and a side view, respectively, showing the cutting and harvesting device of claim (3) used in the cutting and harvesting method for cultured mushrooms according to claim (!) of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a front view of the same device showing the container moved to the bottle holding mechanism side together with the container stand, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are claims (
2) A plan view and a side view showing the main parts of the cutting and harvesting device used in the method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to item 2).
1... Frame 3... Container stand 4... Container 5... Culture bottle 6... Bottle holding mechanism 8...・Bottle holding par 11... Air cylinder 13... Cutting mechanism l8... Motor 22... Cutter 23... Hydraulic cylinder 24... ...Recovery chute

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Place the container containing the required number of culture bottles on the container stand, move it to the bottle holding mechanism, fix each culture bottle with the bottle holding bar, and use the cutter and collect in this state. The mushrooms in the container are sequentially cut from the bottom to the top near the bottle opening by raising the container chute while reciprocating from side to side, and the mushrooms are transported through the collection chute to a container for receiving the product. A method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms, characterized in that the mushrooms are harvested by falling. (2) Place the container containing the required number of culture bottles on the container stand, move it to the bottle holding mechanism, fix each culture bottle with the bottle holding bar, and in this state hold the raking plate. The mushrooms that have overflowed and hang from the culture bottle are lifted upwards, and the cutter and collection chute are moved back and forth from side to side while raising the container, and the mushrooms in the container are moved upwards from the bottom. 2. The method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the mushrooms are cut sequentially and near the mouth of the bottle, and then dropped and stored in a receiving container or the like through the collection chute. (3) a container stand on which a container holding a required number of culture bottles can be placed, and which is disposed on a frame so as to be able to move back and forth in the left and right direction while tilting backwards at a required angle;
A required number of bottle holding bars are provided horizontally at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the bottle holding bars are movable by a power source such as an air cylinder so that they can press or release the culture bottles. A bottle holding mechanism and a cutter, which are arranged on the frame in a backward-inclined position, are movable back and forth in the left and right direction via a reciprocating mechanism by a motor, and a power source such as a hydraulic cylinder is used to hold the culture bottle. a cutting mechanism disposed on the frame so as to be movable up and down near the bottle mouth; and a cutting mechanism disposed on the frame so as to be movable up and down along the vicinity of the bottle opening; A cutting and harvesting device for cultured mushrooms, comprising a mushroom recovery chute arranged in an inclined state.