JPH0542889B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <<Industrial Application Field>> The present invention relates to the cultivation of Tamogi mushrooms artificially cultivated in culture bottles;
This invention relates to a method for harvesting mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms by cutting them near the mouth of a bottle, and an apparatus therefor.

<<Prior Art>> Traditionally, Tamogi mushrooms, Enoki mushrooms, and the like that have been artificially cultivated in culture bottles are harvested by manually cutting each bottle with a knife or the like.

《Problem to be solved by the invention》 However, the conventional manual harvesting method is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming and extremely inefficient, but cutting with a knife or the like is dangerous for the worker. It will be accompanied.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional harvesting method, and it improves work efficiency by accommodating a large number of culture bottles in containers and making it possible to cut each container at a time. In addition to dramatically improving the harvesting process and making it possible to harvest by cutting completely, it is also possible to cleanly and completely cut mushrooms that have overflowed from the culture bottle and are hanging down, and it is also easy to process after cutting. The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms and an apparatus therefor.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to the present invention includes storing each culture bottle in a container in order to retain the mushrooms extending from the bottle mouth of the culture bottle at the cutting site. and place it on a container stand tilted backwards, move the container stand to the bottle holding mechanism side and fix each culture bottle in the container with the bottle holding bar of the bottle holding mechanism, and In order to sequentially cut and collect the mushrooms in each culture bottle from the bottom to the top, the cutter waiting under the bottle holding mechanism and the collection chute at the bottom of the cutter are moved back and forth from side to side. The mushrooms in each culture bottle are cut with a cutter from near the mouth of the bottle, and the cut mushrooms are dropped into a container for receiving the product through a collection chute. Achieve your purpose.

In the above, when cutting the mushrooms in each culture bottle using the cutter, it is desirable to scrape up the mushrooms hanging down from the bottle mouth of each culture bottle using a scraping board prior to cutting.

The cutting and harvesting device for cultured mushrooms according to the present invention includes a frame, a container stand, a bottle holding mechanism, a cutting mechanism, and a recovery chute, and the container stand holds a container containing a mushroom culture bottle in a backward tilted position. In order to do this, it is arranged so that it can freely move back and forth in the left and right directions while tilting backwards with respect to the frame. It is equipped with a power source for pressing the presser bar against the culture bottle and pulling it apart, and is arranged in a backward-leaning position with respect to the frame.The cutting mechanism includes a cutter for cutting the mushrooms and It is equipped with a reciprocating mechanism for reciprocating the cutter in the left and right direction and a power source for raising and lowering the cutter along the vicinity of the bottle opening of the culture bottle, and is disposed on the frame, and the collection chute is In order to move the cutter back and forth in the left and right direction and to move it up and down in synchronization with the cutter of the cutting mechanism, the cutter is inclined from the bottom of the cutter to the front and downward, thereby achieving the intended purpose. do.

<<Operation>> The container stand is moved gradually to one side of the bottle holding mechanism (for example, to the left), and containers containing the required number of culture bottles are placed thereon.

Next, after moving the container stand to the bottle holding mechanism side (for example, to the right), operate the air cylinder,
Hold each culture bottle in place using a bottle holding bar.

Next, by starting the motor and operating the hydraulic cylinder, the cutter is moved back and forth in the left-right direction (lengthwise direction of the cutter blade) and rises along the vicinity of the bottle opening of the culture bottle, thereby removing the mushrooms in the container. Cut from near the bottle mouth.

Since the required number of culture bottles are housed in a container in a row in the vertical and horizontal directions, the mushrooms in each culture bottle are sequentially cut from the bottom to the top as the cutter rises, and the cut mushrooms are collected. The products are dropped through a storage chute into a receiving container, etc.

The container stand and bottle holding mechanism are arranged in a rearward tilted position at the required angle of the frame, and the collection chute also rises along with the cutting mechanism along this inclination angle, so as it rises, the collection chute tilts forward. The mushrooms are then moved to the rear, and the cut mushrooms are uniformly stored in a container for receiving goods from the front to the rear in an orderly manner.

When the cutter rises to the highest position, the limit switch operates, the motor stops, the cutter descends, and the culture bottle is released by operating the air cylinder. After removing the container, place the new container containing the culture bottle on the container stand, move the container stand to the bottle holding mechanism side, and place the culture bottle on the bottle holding mechanism side. After pressing and fixing, cutting and recovery are performed in the same manner as described above.

<<Example>> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, prior to explaining the cutting and harvesting methods according to claims 1 and 2, the cutting and harvesting device according to claim 3 applied to the method will be clearly explained.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, frame 1
consists of a horizontal underframe 1a formed by welding angles, etc., and an inclined frame 1b with an inclination angle θ of about 30° with respect to the horizontal underframe 1a, and the inclined frame 1b
is tilted from the top to the low point in front of the bottom.

On the upper front surface of the inclined frame 1b in the frame 1, two guide bars 2, 2 are horizontally installed horizontally across the full width of the inclined frame 1b at an appropriate interval vertically. The container stand 3 is movable back and forth in the left and right direction along the lines 2 and 2.
It is supported and arranged at the same inclination angle as the inclined frame 1b.

The container stand 3 has a flat plate shape so that the container 4 can be placed thereon in a detachable manner, and a container receiving part 3a is formed at the lower end, and a container receiving part 3a is formed in a U-shape with the side surface facing upward. There is.

On the right side of the upper front surface of the inclined frame 1b of the frame 1, there is a bottle holding mechanism 6 for pressing and fixing the culture bottles 5... accommodated in the container 4 together with the container 4 on the container stand 3. It is arranged with substantially the same inclination angle as the inclined frame 1b and the container stand 3.

The bottle holding mechanism 6 has a plurality of (five in the illustrated example) bottle holding bars 8, each having one end fixed to a support member 7 disposed vertically, so that each culture bottle 5, The frame 1b is placed in a horizontal state with an interval corresponding to the vertical interval of No. Frame 1b
A slide shaft 1 is attached to the two guide tubes 9, 9 fixed at right angles to the
0 and 10 are fitted, and this slide shaft 10, 10
and the support member 7 are connected.

Further, the output shaft 12 of the air cylinder 11 fixed to the tilted frame 1b is connected to the support member 7, and by operating the air cylinder 11, each bottle presser bar 8... is tilted via the support member 7. Frame 1
In the direction perpendicular to b, that is, each of the culture bottles 5...
It is formed to be movable in the height direction of..., and by pressing the shoulder of each culture bottle 5... with each bottle holding bar 8..., each culture bottle 5... is moved as shown in Fig. 5. As shown, it can be fixed to the container 4 and the container stand 3 or released from the fixation.

Further, a cutting mechanism 13 configured as follows is disposed on the front right side of the inclined frame 1b of the frame 1.

That is, on the front surface of the inclined frame 1b, a support frame 15 is installed on two guide bars 14, 14 which are vertically arranged side by side with appropriate intervals left and right, so that the support frame 15 can move up and down. Two guide bars 16, 16 horizontally suspended above and below support plates 15a, 15a vertically installed on both left and right sides of the substantially central part of 15.
A cutter holder 17 having a generally T-shaped front face is inserted through the cutter holder 17 so as to be able to reciprocate in the left and right direction by a predetermined stroke, and a motor 18 is fixed to one side of the support frame 15 (the right end in the illustrated example). is,
An eccentric shaft 20 protruding from a disk 19 fixed to the motor shaft 18a and the cutter pedestal 17,
By pivotally connecting each end of the rod 21, the motor shaft 18a and the cutter pedestal are interlocked, and as the motor 18 rotates, the cutter pedestal 17 is moved by the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric shaft 20. It is designed to be reciprocated in the left and right direction by a stroke l which is double the stroke l.

In the figure, reference numeral 22 denotes a cutter, which is horizontally fixed to the cutter holder 17 with the cutting edge facing upward so as to be detachable with bolts (not shown).

Further, the cutter 2 in the cutting mechanism 13
2 is a state in which the culture bottle 5... is held down by the bottle holding bar 8 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and the artificial cultivation is carried out in the culture bottle 5 The cut mushroom a can be cut at a position close to the bottle opening 5a as shown in FIG.

Further, the cutting mechanism 13 is formed by connecting an output shaft 23a of a hydraulic cylinder 23 fixedly installed in the frame 1 in a vertically elongated state to the support frame 15, and by operating the hydraulic cylinder 23, It is configured to be movable up and down along both the guide bars 14, 14.

The cutter 22 is shown in FIG. 5, and is set at a predetermined position so as to move up and down while reciprocating left and right along the vicinity of the bottle mouth 5a of each culture bottle 5 as described above. It is fixed to the pedestal 17, so that the mushroom a is cut from near the bottle mouth as described later.

Further, a chute 24 for collecting mushrooms a is fixed to the support frame 15 of the cutting mechanism 13 and is tilted vertically from the lower part of the cutter 22 to the front lower part at a predetermined angle. By moving up and down while reciprocating in the left-right direction integrally with the cutter 22, it acts as a guide for dropping and storing the cut mushrooms into the product receiving container 37 or the like.

Furthermore, the guide bars 14, 14 are provided with a plurality of scraping plates 25 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
...is arranged so that it can be moved up and down.

That is, when mushrooms a are artificially cultivated in the culture bottle 5, the mushrooms a may overflow from the bottle mouth 5a and hang down. The scraping plates 25 are arranged so that they can be raised along both sides, and the scraping plates 25 are arranged as shown in FIG. As clearly shown in FIG. 5, the tip 25a is preferably formed to be tapered and curved downward.

In the illustrated example, each of the scraping plates 25...
Each culture bottle 5 is placed on both left and right sides of the bottle opening 5a and is fixed to a support bar 28 in a forward tilted position with the tip 25a facing downward, and both ends of the support bar 26 are fixed. Cylinder 27 fixed to
27 is slidably fitted onto the guide bars 14, 14, and the cylinders 27, 2 are fitted onto the support frame 15.
7, it is arranged so that it can be moved up and down integrally with the cutting mechanism 13 by operating the hydraulic cylinder 23.

The cutting and harvesting device having the above configuration is operated as follows.

First, the container stand 3 is manually moved fully to the left as shown in FIG. 1, and the container 4 containing the culture bottles 5 is placed thereon.

Next, the container stand 3 is moved rightward from the position shown in FIG. 1 to the position shown in FIG. 3 by manual operation.

Connect the cord 29 extending from the operation panel 28 to the power source, and turn the power switch 30 on the operation panel 28.
By turning it ON, the indicator light 31 also lights up.

Here, when the foot switch 32 is stepped on, the air cylinder 11 moves the bottle holding bar 8... to the culture bottle 5.
The culture bottle 5 is pulled toward the side and pressed against the shoulder of the culture bottle 5 as shown in FIG. 24 is raised by the hydraulic cylinder 23 while reciprocating in the left and right direction, and cuts the mushrooms a of each culture bottle 5 near the bottle mouth 5a.

At this time, the scraping board 25 rises in advance of the cutter 22.

When the cutter 22 and the recovery chute 24 rise to their highest positions, a limit switch (not shown) operates, the motor 18 stops, and at the same time, the air cylinder 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 23 operate to return the bottle holding bar 8 to its original position. When the bottle is released, the cutter 22, collection chute 24, and scraping plate 25 descend, return to their original positions, and stop.

In addition, in FIGS. 1 and 3, 33 is a stop indicator light, 34 is a compressor switch, and 33 is a stop indicator light, 34 is a compressor switch,
In the figure, 35 is an air-hide converter;
6 indicates a caster with a stopper.

Next, the method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim 1 will be explained in order of steps.

As shown in Fig. 1, with the container stand 3 fully moved to the left, a plurality of containers (16
After placing the container 4 containing the culture bottles 5, etc., and manually moving the container stand 3 to the right side, that is, to the bottle holding mechanism 6 side, as shown in FIG. By operating the cylinder 11, each culture bottle 5 is held and fixed by the bottle holding bar 8.

Next, the motor 18 and the hydraulic cylinder 23 raise the cutter 22 and the collection chute 24 while reciprocating them in the left-right direction, and the cutter 22 cuts the mushroom a from near the bottle mouth 5a.

The cut mushrooms a are dropped by the recovery chute 24 into the product receiving container 37, etc. and stored therein.

As the cutter 22 rises, the mushrooms a of the culture bottles 5 .
The mushroom a is placed in the receiving container 3.
7, and are sequentially dropped from the front position to the rear position.

Next, a method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim 2 will be explained.

In the same manner as in claim 1 described above, the bottle holding bar 8...
The culture bottle 5 is held down by the motor 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 23, and the cutter 22 and the collection chute 24 are raised while reciprocating in the left and right direction. The scraping plate 25 is raised to scrape up the mushrooms overflowing from the bottle mouth 25a and hanging down, and then cut by the cutter 22.

By frying the hanging mushrooms in this way, all of the hanging mushrooms can be neatly cut in perfect shape without any damage, without leaving any hanging mushrooms uncut. , can be harvested.

<<Effects of the Invention>> According to the present invention, the following effects are achieved.

In the method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim 1, when a large number of culture bottles are housed in a container, the mushrooms a in each culture bottle can be cut at one time, thereby improving the efficiency of the mushroom cutting and harvesting work. , it is safe because there is no manual labor using a knife or the like as in the conventional case, and since the collection chute is linked to the left and right reciprocating movement and vertical movement of the cutter, by moving the collection chute in the left and right direction, Not only can the cut mushrooms slide down smoothly, but the collection chute can be raised together with the cutter in a backward tilted position, allowing the cut mushrooms to be dropped from the front into the container for receiving the product. Since they are sequentially stored in the rear part, they can be stored uniformly and post-processing becomes easy.

In the method for cutting and harvesting cultured mushrooms according to claim 2, the mushrooms that have overflowed from the mouth of the culture bottle and are hanging down are cut while being scraped upward, so that the hanging portions are not left uncut or broken. You can harvest them in perfect shape and neatly without storing them.

The cutting and harvesting device for cultured mushrooms according to claim 3 is of course equipped with various functions that can be applied to the above-mentioned method.In particular, the culture bottle is not only held down by the bottle holding bar of the bottle holding mechanism, but also the cutter is configured to hold down the culture bottle on the left and right sides. Since the cutter moves up and down while reciprocating along the length of the cutting edge, the efficiency of cutting mushrooms is very high.Also, since no stress is applied to the cutter, it is durable and does not damage the cutting edge. There is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are respectively an overall front view and a side view showing the cutting and harvesting device of claim 3 used in the cutting and harvesting method for cultured mushrooms according to claim 1 of the present invention, and FIG. A front view showing the container moved to the bottle holding mechanism side together with the container stand;
4 and 5 are a plan view and a side view, respectively, showing the main parts of a cutting and harvesting device used in the cutting and harvesting method for cultured mushrooms according to claim 2. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Frame, 3... Container stand, 4... Container, 5... Culture bottle, 6... Bottle holding mechanism, 8...
...Bottle holding bar, 11...Air cylinder, 13...
... Cutting mechanism, 18 ... Motor, 22 ... Cutter, 23 ... Hydraulic cylinder, 24 ... Recovery chute.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In order to hold the mushrooms extending out from the bottle mouth of the culture bottle at the cutting site, each culture bottle is placed in a container and placed on a container stand tilted backwards. At the same time, moving the container stand to the bottle holding mechanism side and fixing each culture bottle in the container with the bottle holding bar of the bottle holding mechanism;
And, in order to sequentially cut and collect the mushrooms in each culture bottle in the container from the bottom to the top, a cutter waiting below the bottle holding mechanism and a collection chute at the bottom of the cutter are installed. It is characterized by moving it back and forth from side to side and lifting it up, cutting the mushrooms in each culture bottle from near the bottle mouth with a cutter, and dropping the cut mushrooms into a container for receiving goods through a collection chute. How to cut and harvest cultured mushrooms. 2. Cutting the cultured mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein when cutting the mushrooms in each culture bottle using the cutter, the mushrooms hanging down from the bottle opening of each culture bottle are scraped up using a scraping board prior to cutting. Harvesting method. 3. It includes a frame, a container stand, a bottle holding mechanism, a cutting mechanism, and a collection chute, and the container stand is tilted backward with respect to the frame in order to place the container containing the mushroom culture bottle in a backward tilted position. The bottle holding mechanism consists of a plurality of horizontally installed bottle holding bars placed vertically at intervals, and a mechanism that presses and pulls these bottle holding bars against the culture bottle. The cutting mechanism includes a cutter for cutting mushrooms and a reciprocating mechanism for moving the cutter back and forth in the left and right direction. and a power source for raising and lowering the cutter along near the mouth of the culture bottle, and
The collection chute is arranged on the frame, and the collection chute is arranged at an angle from the bottom of the cutter to the front and downward in order to reciprocate in the left and right direction and move it up and down in synchronization with the cutter of the cutting mechanism. A cutting and harvesting device for cultured mushrooms.