JPH0379474B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention involves scouring (desericinating) silk in the form of filaments or fabrics made of natural silk threads.
(Entbasten) and its method. Silk scouring (Desericinization) (Entbasten) completely removes sericin, waxy substances, etc., giving the silk fibers maximum luster and maximum softness as well as texture and, in some circumstances, silk the most valuable “Cracquant” is a unique fiber.
This is done for the purpose of granting. The preferred scouring (desericinating) agent for hundreds of years is the boiling soap bath, which satisfactorily hydrolyzes the sericin layer of silk. Among all soaps, green olive oil soap is preferred because it has the advantage of not clumping easily. Therefore,
It is easily removed by washing and leaves no odor on the silk. The soap contains 0.05%, with a fatty acid content of not less than 60%, but not exceeding it too much.
must not contain an amount of free alkali (up to 0.2% is allowed, since alkali exists in the form of carbonates), but small amounts of inert substances (silicates,
starch, glue, etc.) and trace amounts of iron. Conventional scouring with soap is carried out using softened water in order to avoid the formation of calcium soaps, with an average
40% soap is used. Heat the bath, remove any dirt from the surface of the bath, and then soak the silk. The temperature of the bath should be between 90 and 96°C. Above this temperature range, the fibers are affected by the detachment of fibrils (gross formation). This also applies when alkalinity exceeds 0.05%. This is because soap has only a slight protective effect on sericin. Scouring time also contributes to gross formation. This shows up as bright spots when the yarn and fabric are held up to the light. Excessive movement and friction can also cause crusting and possibly peeling as well. In the above temperature range, scouring with soap takes place within 2 to 3 hours in the case of thin fabrics and in the case of thick fabrics, especially if these are made of highly twisted yarns (crepe). If so, it is done within 5 to 6 hours. The liquor ratio can vary from 1:40 to 1:70 or more. Two consecutive baths are used. The first bath, the so-called wet bath, is a bath that has already been used once. It is followed by another fresh bath and used to improve the desired effect and completely or almost completely remove the natural coloring of the silk. This second bath has approximately half the soap content of the preceding bath and requires a processing time of 1 hour. It is also called after-treatment bath. The used post-treatment bath is suitably replenished and then used as a wetting bath. Depending on the respective quality and condition of the silk, the post-treatment bath can also be used two to three times. In practice 10-15 according to thread or fabric
It is operated using a soap of g/g. Bleaching is not done at the same time. This is because soap has no safety effect on hydrogen peroxide, which is moreover acidic and acts as a hydrolyzing agent on the soap solution. We believe that silk scouring (desericination) is carried out from a liquid alkaline mixture containing synthetic polymers, fiber protectants, sequestrants, wetting agents or emulsifiers, plasticizers, buffer salts, alkali metals and water. By using a new drug characterized by having the following composition, the method can be used more quickly and more economically with improved results compared to conventional methods. We found that it can be implemented. The novel drug according to the invention has essentially the following composition: A. 20-30% of polyacrylic acid with a molecular weight of 3500-4500
% aqueous solution (PH value 5% = 6-7) 15-25 parts, B(1) nitrile triacetic acid, (2) ethylenediaminetetraacetate sodium salt,
and (3) 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (Na salt), 50 to 60 of an ion sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of
% aqueous solution 4-8 parts, C boric acid, crystallized 3-8 parts, D 20-35 parts of a 25-35% solution of caustic soda, E(1) chain length containing 2-25 moles of ethylene oxide.
(2) Saturated and unsaturated linear fatty alcohols from _C8 to _C18 ; (2) the alcohols mentioned above, such as, for example, C8 _/12 ; C12 _/14 ; C16 _/18 , each containing from 2 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide; (3) ether sulfates of the above ethoxylates (Na salts); (4) about 50% each of the mono- and disulfates;
(5) 2-ethylhexyl sulfate-Na; (6) nonylphenol containing from 4 to 18 moles of ethylene oxide; and (7 ₎ a mixture of the above-mentioned wetting agents. , 2 to 10 parts of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of; F 20 to 40 parts of deionized water. The drug according to the invention is a clear yellow liquid with a pH of 11.0-13.5. Use >1:40, preferably 1:10 to 1:20
It is carried out using a bath ratio of The use of the agent according to the invention shows a series of advantages such as: - Can be carried out selectively in deionized water or in hard water with a French hardness of up to 40°; - Operation for the treatment of silk The time is shorter than with other scouring agents; - If bleaching agents (e.g. hydrogen peroxide) are used together, scouring and bleaching can be done in one and the same bath; - The silk fibers can be (a) Mechanical strength is maintained; (b) Pilling does not occur; (c) Yellowing does not occur; - Gives the silk a sufficiently soft and smooth hand; - Provides the fabric with a - Slightly wrinkle-free (this is an important property for the dyeing process); - Uniform with all dyes commonly used on silk (direct dyes, acid dyes, metal complex dyes, direct dyes, reactive dyes); - The agent according to the invention renders the silk hydrophilic (this is an important property for the printing process). EXAMPLES The following examples illustrate the invention in further detail. Example 1 Composition A of a preferred drug according to the invention 24 of polyacrylic acid with a molecular weight of 3500 to 4500
B 5 parts of a 54% aqueous solution of 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (Na-salt), C 5 parts of crystallized boric acid, D 32 parts of a 29% aqueous solution of caustic soda, E Approx. 50 parts each 3 parts of paraffin with average chain length C ₁₅ sulfochlorinated with % mono- and di-sulfonates (Na salts), F 40 parts of deionized water. Example 2 Usage example 1 Material to be treated: Crepe de Chine, width 140cm Crepe Saran, width 110cm Equipment: Open tank Water treated with palm chits 6000ml Bath ratio: 1:15, Materials/Water (Kg) Amount of chemical used: 15g /, PH value of the chemical bath according to Example 1: 10.5 Procedure: 6000 ml of water treated with palm chits was placed in a bath and heated to 95° C. with steam. 90Kg of drug was then dissolved in water and the fabric was immersed in the bath and left with gentle agitation. After the bath temperature had fallen to 91°C (after about 20 minutes), the treated fabric was removed from the bath, the evaporative losses were replaced with water, and the bath was heated again to 95°C. The fabric was then placed back into the bath and the process repeated (further
20 minutes). Crepe satin is by this point (in total
40 minutes) was completely desericinated, whereas for crepe de chine the process had to be repeated once more. If the treatment had been carried out using Marcel soap, a corresponding desericination effect would have required 3 to 6 hours. Staining was then carried out on a wince using both materials. The dyeing was satisfactory, the bath was completely absorbed and the shades were deep and bright. Example 3 Usage example Materials to be treated: String products, Setar Organcino (latitude: approx. 100 to 120 U/m) String products, Setar Organcino with glitter Equipment: Win bath ratio: 1:20 Amount of chemical used: 10 g/, Example Drug manipulation method according to 1: drug addition at 80℃, heating to 90℃;
Scouring for 45 minutes at 90°C; then washing with hot water and acidifying with acetic acid. Judgment: Good dececillation. The lame thread was not attacked. Example 4 Usage example Processed material: Cross bobbin setter organcino, Nm20/2 (transverse material,
Approximately 300 to 450 U/m) Equipment: Mezzera Autoclave The rotation of the bath liquid is from the outside to the inside, without alternation. Bath ratio: 1:10 water: drinking water, unsoftened, drug usage: 10 g/, drug according to example 1 Procedure: Addition of drug at 80°C; treatment for 30 minutes at 85°C, PH-value 9.5; Approximately 95% desericination effect was thereby obtained; heated to 90°C; desericination continued for an additional 15 minutes. Judgment: Good desericinization effect. As a result of the bath liquid circulation from one side - outward/inward - the inner layer was somewhat weaker desericinated. The table below shows a comparison of the scouring times with the agent according to the invention and with Marcel soap.

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Amount used: 10-15g/ 12g/

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Substantially the following composition: A. 20 to 30% of polyacrylic acid with a molecular weight of 3,500 to 4,500.
% aqueous solution (PH value 5% = 6-7) 15-25 parts by weight, B(1) nitrilotriacetic acid, (2) ethylenediaminetetraacetate (Na salt), and (3) 1-hydroxyethane-1,1 - diphosphonic acid (Na salt), a sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of:
~4 to 8 parts of a 60% aqueous solution, C 3 to 8 parts of boric acid, crystallized, D 20 to 35 parts of a 25 to 35% solution of caustic soda, E(1) Chain length containing 2 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide
(2) Saturated and unsaturated linear fatty alcohols of _C8-18 ; (2) of _the above alcohols, such as, for example, C8 _{/ 12} ; C12 _/14 ; Distillates; (3) Ether sulfates of the above ethoxylates (Na salts); (4) Approximately 50% each of mono- and disulfates;
(5) 2-ethylhexyl sulfate-Na; (6) nonylphenol containing from 4 to 18 moles of ethylene oxide; and (7 ₎ a mixture of the above-mentioned wetting agents. An agent for scouring silk in the form of filaments or fabrics consisting of natural silk threads, characterized in that it has 2 to 10 parts of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of: F 20 to 40 parts of water. 2. The drug according to claim 1, which is a clear yellow liquid with a PH value of 11.0 to 13.5. 3 Substantially the following composition: A 20-30% polyacrylic acid with a molecular weight of 3500-4500
% aqueous solution (PH value 5% = 6-7) 15-25 parts by weight, B (1) nitrilotriacetic acid, (2) ethylenediaminetetraacetate (Na salt) and (3) 1-hydroxyethane-1,1 - diphosphonic acid (Na salt), a sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of:
~4 to 8 parts of a 60% aqueous solution, C 3 to 8 parts of boric acid, crystallized, D 20 to 35 parts of a 25 to 35% solution of caustic soda, E(1) Chain length containing 2 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide
(2) Saturated and unsaturated linear fatty alcohols of _C8-18 ; (2) of _the above alcohols, such as, for example, C8 _{/ 12} ; C12 _/14 ; Distillates; (3) Ether sulfates of the above ethoxylates (Na salts); (4) Approximately 50% each of mono- and disulfates;
(5) 2-ethylhexyl sulfate-Na; (6) nonylphenol containing from 4 to 18 moles of ethylene oxide; and (7 ₎ a mixture of the above-mentioned wetting agents. , 2 to 10 parts of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of; and 20 to 40 parts of F water at a concentration of 10 to 15 g/l and
A method for scouring silk in the form of filaments or fabrics consisting of natural silk threads, characterized in that a bath ratio of 1:40, preferably 1:10 to 1:20 is used. 4. The method according to claim 3, which is selectively carried out in deionized water or hard water. 5. A method according to claim 3 or 4, in which scouring and bleaching are carried out in one bath and in the same bath. 6. The method of claim 3, wherein the treatment time is about 20 minutes to 1 hour.