JPH0377667A - Formation of monomolecular film and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily form a monomolecular film by forming a film forming face in a trough of a first carrying liquid and forming an anchor film on the surface of this carrying liquid and then replacing the first carrying liquid with a second fresh carrying liquid and attracting the monomolecular film forming substance in the second fresh carrying liquid to the above-mentioned anchor film. CONSTITUTION:For examples in the case of forming a protein two-dimensional crystal film, water is introduced in the holding part 1 of a monomolecular film forming device. Stearylamine liquid is introduced thereinto and partition members 2, 2 are moved by a driving motor to regulate the surface pressure and an anchor film is formed. Then the carrying liquid of this anchor film is replaced with the buffer soln. of citric acid while holding proper replacing velocity and time and both are equilibrated. Thereafter the protein two-dimensional crystal film is sampled in an EM mesh 6 for an electron microscope by a horizontal sticking method. This protein two-dimensional crystal film has high crystallinity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for forming a monomolecular film, typically a two-dimensional protein crystal film, and a polymer film with a monomolecular thickness, and an apparatus for forming the same. .

(Prior Art) A monomolecular film is a two-dimensional film whose thickness corresponds to the thickness of exactly one molecule when molecules are arranged in a plane, and has attracted attention in recent years because it allows a wide ultra-thin film to be obtained.

For example, there are attempts to develop computer devices (so-called biochips) by artificially controlling proteins and arranging them two-dimensionally. Further, in order to analyze the three-dimensional structure of a protein using an electron microscope, it is necessary to create such a two-dimensional crystal film. Therefore, it is essential to develop a method for producing monolayers.

For this purpose, a circular multi-trough was developed by P. Fromhertz as shown in FIG. Here, the trough is divided in the circumferential direction, and two radial partition members B are used to transfer the water surface film Ll formed in the adjacent trough T1 to the next trough T2, where protein P is adsorbed to the water surface film L2. In this way, a two-dimensional crystalline film of protein is formed. Therefore, there is a problem in that the water surface film cannot be transferred unless the water surface height in the trough is adjusted to an optimal condition. Furthermore, in the case of transferring a water surface membrane, the trough volume tends to become large, and there is also the problem that the amount of valuable protein used increases.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention focuses on the fact that the disadvantage of the above multi-trough monomolecular film formation method is that it attempts to transport the water surface film, and forms the water surface film without transporting it from the trough. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for the same.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention focuses on the fact that it is easy to form a monomolecular film by holding the water surface film on the support liquid and exchanging the support liquid without transferring it. a step of forming a film forming surface in the trough with a first supporting branch;
a step of forming an anchor film on the surface of the supported liquid; a step of exchanging the first supported liquid with a new second supported liquid; and a step of applying a monomolecular film forming substance in the new second supported liquid to the anchor film. A method for producing a monomolecular film includes a step of adsorption.

In the present invention, the first supporting liquid may vary depending on the anchor film to be formed, but since surfactants are commonly used as the anchor film material, water may usually be used.

Although the anchor film-forming substance varies depending on the type of monomolecular film to be formed, stearylamine and phospholipids are usually used to form a two-dimensional protein crystal film. Such an anchor film has a surface pressure of, for example, 20 to 35 mmN/rr, which is necessary to finally form a two-dimensional protein crystal film. need to be adjusted.

The method of the present invention is also effective for making a polymer sheet with a monomolecular thickness. a step of forming a first liquid surface film with the applied first substance; a step of exchanging the first supporting liquid with a new second supporting liquid; and reacting with the first substance in the new second supporting liquid. A method for modifying a liquid surface film is used, the gist of which is to cause a second substance to react at the interface between the first liquid surface film and the second supporting liquid.

Since it is necessary for the first substance and the second substance to react at the interface via the supporting liquid, the first substance is a monomer having the property of forming a monomolecular liquid surface film on the liquid surface of the first supporting liquid. It is good to be. On the other hand, since the second substance needs to be polymerized at the interface between the liquid surface film formed by the first substance and its supporting liquid, the second substance contains the crosslinking agent and catalyst necessary for solution polymerization of the monomer that forms the liquid surface film. etc.

The polymer sheets formed by the above method can be laminated to form a superimposed sheet, and since each layer has different physical properties, it is also possible to adjust an optical interference filter by appropriately selecting the optical refractive index, for example. Become.

In producing the monomolecular film and modifying the liquid surface film, it is preferable to use the following production apparatus.

That is, a trough containing a supporting liquid that supports a water surface film, a trough having a water-repellent accommodating portion for the supporting liquid having an opening at the upper surface and allowing the supporting liquid to swell in the opening due to surface tension, and a trough having a water-repellent accommodating portion that swells the supporting liquid in the opening. In a monomolecular film production apparatus comprising at least a pair of water-repellent partition members arranged as a water repellent, a supply port for supplying a supported liquid to a supported liquid storage portion of the trough is provided on the outside of one of the partition members, and the other A discharge port for discharging the supported liquid in the supported liquid storage portion of the trough is provided on the outside of the partition member, so that the surface of the supported liquid surrounded by the pair of partition members through the supply port and the discharge port is not changed. The present invention provides a monomolecular film forming apparatus including a liquid supply/drainage means for supplying and discharging the supporting liquid by controlling the supporting liquid supply speed and the supporting liquid discharge rate.

In the present invention, the supply DI is
In order to discharge the liquid, it is important to make the supply and discharge speed of the supported liquid the same, and to prevent the branch from becoming turbulent due to supply and discharge.There are slit-shaped supply grooves and discharge grooves at both ends of the bottom of the trough. It is preferable to replace the supporting liquid while controlling the feeding and discharging speed while measuring the surface tension of the anchor membrane.

(Function) According to the present invention, without transferring the anchor film formed on the surface of the first supporting liquid, the supporting liquid is replaced and a predetermined monomolecular forming substance is adsorbed to the anchor film to form a monomolecular film. Therefore, it is extremely easy to create a monomolecular film.

In addition, a monomolecular liquid surface film of a polymerizable monomer is formed as an anchor film, and this can be polymerized at the interface while being supported by a second supporting liquid, making it possible to create a polymer sheet with a monomolecular thickness. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on specific examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

(Example) FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing an outline of the monomolecular film production apparatus according to the present invention, in which a trough l containing a supporting liquid supporting a liquid surface film is manufactured from Teflon resin and has an open top surface. In addition, the storage portion 11 for the carrier liquid that causes the 1 ftL of the carrier to swell in the opening 12 due to surface tension is made water repellent. A pair of left and right water-repellent partition members 2.2 made of Teflon resin are disposed across the trough opening 12. This partition member 2.2 has both end portions 21 resting on the opening 12 of the trough I, and a central portion 22 that enters into the accommodating portion 11 of the trough, and an anchor film formed on the surface of the support 1fflL. The surface pressure of A is measured, for example, via electrobalance, and the signal is sent to a computer to control the drive motor of the partition member 2 so that a constant surface pressure is maintained on the anchor membrane even when the supporting liquid is replaced. I try to control it.

A supply port 13 communicating with a pump (not shown) for supplying the supported liquid is provided at the bottom left corner of the supported liquid storage portion 11 of the trough located on the outside of one of the partition members 2, and is located on the outside of the other partition member 2. A discharge port I4 is provided at the bottom right corner of the supported liquid storage section 11 of the trough, which communicates with a pump (not shown) for discharging the supported liquid, and slit-shaped supply grooves are formed at both corners of the bottom of the trough storage section. 15 and υ [out groove 1
6, the supporting liquid is supplied to the storage section 11a located outside the pair of partition members 2.2, and the supporting liquid is supplied to the storage section fl on the opposite side.
b, so as not to disturb the supported liquid level surrounded by the partition member 2.2.

In this case, it is preferable to control the pump so that the carrier liquid is supplied and discharged so that the carrier liquid supply rate and the carrier liquid discharge rate are the same.

The accommodation section 11 of the monolayer production apparatus is vertically 140XFfi.
The partition member 2.2 is moved by the drive motor 5. An anchor film A is prepared by moving the anchor film and adjusting the surface pressure to 30 saN/R (see FIG. 2(a)).

Next, the supporting solution for the anchor membrane A and ferritin O, l
A 1 Oaa molar solution with a concentration of sg/sl (citrate buffer) was replaced in about 20 minutes at a replacement rate of 1 ml/min.
After equilibration (see b) to (c)), the two-dimensional protein crystal film was sampled on an EM tube for electron microscopy using the horizontal attachment method (see FIG. 2(d)).

The two-dimensional crystal film created by the above method had high crystallinity.

Similar results can be obtained with a mixed film of stearylamine and fresterol as the anchor film composition.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above explanation, according to the present invention, a monomolecular film can be formed by displacing the supporting liquid without moving the anchor film, typified by the water surface film, from the supporting liquid. Therefore, it is easy to create a monomolecular film, and it is possible to always create a uniform monomolecular film without requiring skilled techniques.

In addition, although the creation of a monomolecular film was explained using the creation of a two-dimensional protein crystal film as an example, those skilled in the art understand that the anchor film can be formed of, for example, a polymerizable monomer, and then reacted with the film after creation. Reagents such as cross-linking agents, catalysts are added to the second
If it is introduced via a carrier liquid and reacted at the interface with the membrane, it is possible to create a polymer sheet with a monomolecular thickness and a superimposed sheet in which the polymer sheets are laminated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overview of the monolayer production apparatus according to the present invention, FIGS. 2(a) to (d) are cross-sectional explanatory views showing the monolayer production process of the present invention, and FIG. It is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a monomolecular film production device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A step of forming a film forming surface in the trough with a first supporting liquid, a step of forming an anchor film with a predetermined surface pressure on the surface of the supporting liquid with a surfactant, and Monomolecular adsorption includes the step of exchanging the first supported liquid with a new second supported liquid without changing the liquid level, and the step of adsorbing the monomolecular film forming substance in the new second supported liquid to the anchor film. A method for producing a monomolecular film characterized by forming a film. 2. a step of forming a film forming surface in the trough with a first supporting liquid; a step of forming a first liquid surface film with a polymerizable first substance imparted with a surfactant action on the supporting liquid surface; replacing the first carrier liquid with a new second carrier liquid without changing the liquid level; and replacing the second substance that reacts with the first substance in the new second carrier liquid with the first liquid level film. A method for modifying a liquid surface film, which comprises causing a contact reaction at an interface with a second supporting liquid to form a polymer sheet. 3. A trough containing a supporting liquid that supports a water surface film, a trough having a water-repellent storage part for the supporting liquid having an opening at the upper surface and allowing the supporting liquid to swell due to surface tension in the opening, and a trough that crosses the opening of the trough. In a monomolecular film production apparatus comprising at least a pair of water-repellent partition members arranged as a water repellent, a supply port for supplying a supported liquid to a supported liquid storage portion of the trough is provided on the outside of one of the partition members, and the other A discharge port for discharging the supported liquid in the supported liquid storage portion of the trough is provided on the outside of the partition member, so that the surface of the supported liquid surrounded by the pair of partition members through the supply port and the discharge port is not changed. A monomolecular film forming apparatus characterized by having a liquid supply/drainage means for supplying and discharging the supporting liquid by controlling the supporting liquid supply speed and the supporting liquid discharge rate.